E-Mobility infrastructure, control center and energy management … E-Mobility... · 2017. 5. 4. · Projects: „Integriertes Flottenladen“ and „charge@work“, Fraunhofer IAO,

© Fraunhofer IFF, Magdeburg 2017

FhG R&D and Application Portfolio in the Field of EV

E-Mobility infrastructure, control center and energy

management integration

Bangkok | 26.04.2017

Dr. André [email protected]

© Fraunhofer IFF, Bangkok 2017

Dr. André Naumann

2

Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF

2. Challenges of EV from the electric grid perspective

3. Grid Integration of E-Mobility-Systems –

Projects RegModHarz and Harz.EE-mobility

4. Standardized E-Mobility infrastructure

Project eNterop

5. Energy management system integration

6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

3

Fraunhofer IFF Locations

Otto von Guericke

University

Magdeburg, ILM,

Building 10

VDTC,

Wissenschaftshafen,

Joseph-von-

Fraunhofer-Str. 1

Fraunhofer IFF,

Sandtorstr. 22

Harz Regional

Competence

Center: Virtual

Engineering for

Products

and Processes,

Dornbergsweg 2

Magdeburg

Wernigerode

Harz University of

Applied Sciences,

Friedrichstr. 57-59

ASEAN Office

Bangkok, Thailand Bangkok

Efringen-KirchenKandern

Freiburg

Stuttgart

PfinztalKarlsruhe

Ettlingen

St. Ingbert

Saarbrücken

Itzehoe

LübeckBremerhaven

Bremen

Rostock

Kaiserslautern

Darmstadt

Würzburg

Erlangen

Freising

GarchingMünchen

Holzkirchen

Ilmenau

JenaHermsdorf

Chemnitz

Dresden

Leipzig

Halle

Kassel

WachtbergEuskirchen

AachenSt. Augustin

Schmallenberg

DortmundDuisburg

Oberhausen

Braunschweig

HannoverPotsdam

Teltow

Berlin

Magdeburg


Dr. André Naumann

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Folie 4

PROCESS AND

PLANT ENGINEERING

Your Partner for Applied Research

LOGISTICS AUTOMATION DIGITAL

ENGINEERING

Photos: 1, 3, 4 Dirk Mahler; 2 Bernd Liebl


Dr. André Naumann

5

GF KIS – Group Electric Power Systems

Conformity and Quality Test Platform (SG devices)

Energy Management Systems

Hardware und Software development for smart systems

Network simulation and modeling (dynamic and static)

Network Monitoring (real time, synchronized)Network management and network protection


Dr. André Naumann

6

Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF





Project eNterop


6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

7

The future of mobility in times of digital transformation …… means providing the right products for the right customer groups at the right time.

Source: Frost & Sullivan analysis, 2016

NEW BUSINESS MODELSFrom on-demand

transportation to offering first- and last-mile

connectivity, vehicle manufacturers are

pushing the envelope in terms of providing

transportation experiences.

INTEGRATED MOBILITY

The future of mobility will be multi-modal commuting, which

combines door-to-door solutions using dedicated

mobility platforms offering multiple

connected services.

CONNECTEDCARS

The future will give rise to a new connected ecosystem, that of vehicles, allowing transportation to

seamlessly integrate into the technological

ecosystem built for individuals.

© Fraunhofer IAO, Bangkok 2017

Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

8

Electric vehicle in the mobility system Levels of network integration

System Service

E-car as controllable loadsE-car as a storage

Forecasts

Availability and presence of mobile loads

and storages (E-Car)

Management

Monitoring, coordination, control of mobile loads and storages (E-Car)

ICT structure

Charging infrastructure, electric vehicles, database system, vehicle users

Electric mobility

Charging infrastructure, electric vehicles

Grid Integration ofe-car


Dr. André Naumann

9

• How can the penetration of EVs balance the fluctuation of renewable energy resources?

• How to avoid overload situations in the grid?

Challenges integrating vehicle into the grid (V2G)

• How can auxiliary services be provided?

• How to enable public charging infrastructure with roaming users?

• How can mobility be ensured for the user?


Dr. André Naumann

10

What does Smart Distribution Grid include?

Smart Grid Applications – Intelligent Load Management

Demand

Response

Distr. Generation /

Microgrids

Electro-

mobility

Smart

Metering

Utilities /

ISOs

Energy

users

Utilities /

ISOs

Energy

users

ISO: Independent System Operator US-Style Transmission Grid & Energy Market Operator

Source: E SGA

Adjust

consumption to

generation

and distribution

requirements

Optimize the use

of distributed

generation via

automated

monitoring &

control

Create real-time

transparency

about energy

consumption

for utilities and

energy users

Integrate a coordinated charging infrastructure and network controlling into Smart Grid


Dr. André Naumann

11

What does Vehicle 2 Grid include?

V2G Applications – Intelligent Charging Management

Grid Compatible

Charging

Demand Side

Mgmt

Authentication and

Metering

Grid Supporting

Charging

ISO: Independent System Operator US-Style Transmission Grid & Energy Market Operator

Source: E SGA

Align charging

processes with

the present and

forecasted grid

parameters

Optimize the use

of distributed

renewable

generation

according to the

personal needs

Coordinate

auxiliary services

provided by

distributed,

connected EVs

Enable roaming users to simply connect EVs to public infrastructure


Dr. André Naumann

12

Interrelations in the Energy Management Systems

Grid Operator Point of View Power Supplier Point of View

Demand Oriented

Value of electrical power

Daytime

Generic P

ow

er

Dem

and

0 12 24

12

6

39

EV User Point of View

Quelle: Energie AG Oberösterreich Netz GmbH, Dr. Abart


Dr. André Naumann

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Demand Oriented


Daytime

Generic P

ow

er

Dem

and

0 12 24

12

6

39


Incentivize charging processes

in periods of high power

availability



Dr. André Naumann

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Demand Oriented


Daytime

Generic P

ow

er

Dem

and

0 12 24

12

6

39




availability

Avoid over current situations and

voltage range violation



Dr. André Naumann

15



Demand Oriented


Daytime

Generic P

ow

er

Dem

and

0 12 24

12

6

39




availability

Avoid over current situations and

voltage range violation

Fulfill individual mobility demand

: collaboration of

systems is

required



Dr. André Naumann

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Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF





Project eNterop


6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

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Harz.EE -mobility - starting situation

Energy storage

Energy generation

Grid integration

Target

flexible

smart

rigid

none

partial

flexiblecentralized

Decentral andrenewable

hybrid


Dr. André Naumann

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RegModHarz ProjectRenewable Modell Region Harz

Climate: Further expansion renewable energies

Competition: Support of Liberalization process

Security of supply: Network state monitoringActive contribution of producers,Storage and consumer

Main restrictions:

Goal: „showing strategies, to realizereliable electricity supply, based on renewable generation and ICT->> virtual power plant“


Dr. André Naumann

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RegModHarz: Project Partners


Dr. André Naumann

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Vision and realization

Vision Harz.EE-Mobility

Realization in modell region Harz

A – H: region-specificapplication scenarios


Dr. André Naumann

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Aims of the project

Development and testing of ICT-based key technologies? For efficient introduction of electric vehicles into the smart grid of a grid integration of a highly renewable energy (RE)

Main focus :• Maximizing the use of renewable

energy economy

• Contribution to the stability of electrical networks with a high share of RE security of supply

• unlimited CO2 minimal mobility for the people climate protection


Dr. André Naumann

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Consortium of the project

Large companies

Small Business

Energy supply-company

Network operator

Technology groups

Research institutions

Universities

Academies


Dr. André Naumann

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Provision of appropriate charging stations

Driver information systems

Optimization of locations of charging stations

Wall boxes for car users

Levels of electric mobility systemLevel 1 - logistics network


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Reliability of energy supply/

Balance between production and consumption

Maximum use of renewable energy

Use of mobile storage (V2G)

Use of mobile generators (G2V)

Levels of electric mobility systemLevel 2 – electrical network

0 4 8 12 16 20 240.995

0.996

0.997

0.998

0.999

1

Vo

lta

ge

[p

.u.]

Time [h]

Without ECs

Minimal scenario

Maximal scenario

Voltage profileArrival times


Dr. André Naumann

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• 10 000km/a at200 days ≈ 50km/d

• 5% share EV of40Mio.cars ≈ 2 Mio.

• 18kWh/100km with50km/d ≈ 9kWh/d

• 2Mio. EV need9kWh/d ≈ 18GWh/d

• 2Mio.EV charge with3,5kW ≈ 7GW

•2Mio.EV charge with20kW ≈ 40GW

Scenario of uncontrolled charging

Electric vehicle in the mobility systemPotential, network integration


Dr. André Naumann

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The challenge of the sustainable integration of EV within fleets …… is the user adequate installation of charging and energy infrastructure, e.g. car park of the Fraunhofer IZS/IAO, Stuttgart, Germany.

What is the actual charge power?

Design to 322kW peak power (restricted by wires and fuses)

Exploration of the actual retrieved charging capacity

Results:

Maximum charging power is often far below the connection power

Control system or peak load limitation necessary

But: charge power depends on mobility scenario and type of vehicle

connected load

charging capacity


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

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Software-based analysis shows the full potential of vehicle fleets

Short journeys are assigned to e-cars (blue), longer ones to conventional cars (red)

Consideration of charge times (yellow)

Based on vehicle fleet analysis …… electrification scenarios can be developed and first impressions of the dimensioning of charging infrastructure are gained.

Results:

Large potential for electrification in fleets with collective use

Economical scenarios possible

Charge and disposition management is required for implementation

Project: elektromobilisiert.de, Fraunhofer IAO


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

28

With simulations of potential load curves and energy amounts …… electrification scenarios can be additionally verified and helps the dimensioning of charging infrastructure further.

Projects: „Integriertes Flottenladen“ and „charge@work“, Fraunhofer IAO, shown on backup slides

diffusion model energy model

quantitative needs profit ratio load curves load management

Modelling charginginfrastructure


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

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Monitoring, Controlling and Protecting Electric Power Grid

Development and implementation ofinnovative concepts for grid monitoring, control and protection

offline/online/real time

Planning and optimization of the placement and installation of measuringpoints in the grid

Planning and performance of evaluations of grid quality


Dr. André Naumann

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Grid Monitoring based on PMU System

• Conception and installation of 10 PMUs (Hardware) of the 110 kV distribution grid of thecompany E.ON Avacon (DSO)

• Conception and realization of virtual power plant monitoring system (software) based on thePMUs

• Operation of online WebApplikation withaccuracy of second to view measurement data ofPMU within security concept

OvGU data base

Further PMU systems

PMU – measurement system in substation

1.Web application

2. Siguard PDP


Dr. André Naumann

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Monitoring, Controlling and Protecting Electric Power Grid

observing current state of the electrical grid

assuring grid quality and

ensuring equipment protection


Dr. André Naumann

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Levels of electric mobility system Level 3 - Information and Communication Network

Provision of information about interfaces of and for? All components of the overall system Harz.EE-mobility


Dr. André Naumann

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Architecture and implementation of the overall system

CIM Data base

Prediction system

Charging station/ wallbox

Business models

Mobility control room

Driver informationsystem

IEC61850

E-Car

Combox

Telematic box

IEC61851WLAN

PLC

CAN

UMTS

WebServices

WebServices

USB

SmartPhone


Dr. André Naumann

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Electric vehicle in the mobility system Mobility system for network integration


Dr. André Naumann

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Electric vehicle in the mobility systemCommunications with e-vehicles

E-Box/CAN Box Telematicsystem

Parameter Stromos

Number of revolutions [U/min], speed [km/h] SOC_USER, SOC_Batt , voltage [ V], current [A]

Power [W], energy [Wh], route [m], speed[m/s], acceleration [m/s²]


Dr. André Naumann

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The motivation behind the Fraunhofer IAO Micro Smart Grid …… is a sustainable and economic feasible integration of EVs in an intelligent grid of renewable energy sources placed in a car park.

Intelligent energy and vehicle managementThe MSG including production and storage

components enables optimal usage of locally generated energy

EcoGuru - an innovative system for vehicle management - controls the charging sessions of electric vehicles

In combination, the MSG and EcoGurusupport the decarbonization of both traffic and electricity production.

DC

AC

P

Energymanagem.

Fleet userFleet manager

Wind turbine

LOHC hydr.stor. system

Photovoltaics

Electricvehicles

Li-ion batt. Power electr.

Charginginfrastr.

Online: www.muse.iao.fraunhofer.de/de/ueber-uns/labors/living-lab-micro-smart-grid.html


Dr. Sabine Wagner

http://www.muse.iao.fraunhofer.de/de/ueber-uns/labors/living-lab-micro-smart-grid.html


Dr. André Naumann

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Implementation - Mobility Control Center

Logistical system

Providing location information of e-car (place, SOC, energy demand)

The provision of information for existing charging station (position, status, power rating)

Other Features:

Service Hotline

Mobility service for external users


Dr. André Naumann

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Implementation - Mobility Control Center

Electric power system

Control of charging processes regarding power consumption of e-car

Provide status information of ongoing or completed loading processes (measurement parameters, tariff rates, car, users, etc.)

Making predictions of EE supply

Making prediction of energy demand of the e-vehicle fleet

Grid reliability calculations? (Supply = demand)

Information and Communication System

Status information regarding existing

communication connection for charging posts

User authentication for the use of the charging

infrastructure

Settlement of charging processes


Dr. André Naumann

39Mobility control room (electrical, logistics and ICT infrastructure)

Driver information system

SmartPhoneapplication

Results – Software


Dr. André Naumann

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Moreover, digitalization will make everyday tasks easier and easier …… for example, in case of looking for a parking space.

(Dynamic) Parking management of carpark operators and city administrations

Parking management and charginginfrastructure: iCurb by IAO

Soon, sensors are notnecessary any more

Source: signal.ch, wordpress.com, strassenverkehrstechnik-online.de


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

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… and easier and easier …… for example, in case of travelling with public transport.

Provide passengers with every necessaryinformation, influence traffic accordingto the passengers (as best as possible)

Show alternatives andallow to book them

e.g.

Source: hochbahn.de, thetechmap.com, directline.de

Control oftraffic lights

Controlcenter

Real-timeinformation

Bus stopwithdisplay

Personaldevice


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

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Charge column

Experimental

charge column

Wallbox

ComBox

Telematic box

E-Box

Results– Hardware


Dr. André Naumann

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Electric vehicle in the mobility systemCharging infrastructure

Requirements and constructions

Security, robustness, durability, compatibility, costs, construction …

Security

Compatibility

Authentication

Cost balancing

Communication

Decision between

flexibility and cost


Dr. André Naumann

44

Electric vehicle in the mobility systemCharging infrastructure

Technical construction with industrial PC


Dr. André Naumann

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Results - Test Vehicles


Dr. André Naumann

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Also, further developments considering charging infrastructure … … will make the use of EVs more and more suitable.

Although a lot of standardization already has taken place, various plugs are available and nearly each offers a different power

The Type 2 AC plug (up to 43 kW) and the Combo 2 DC plug are the “systems of choice” and pushed by relevant organizations

Type 2

Type 1

Combo 2

Inductive charging will make the use of electric vehicles much easier, after standardization has been successful

For this, additional technologies like localization as well as for the future also automated driving play an important role

Source: Phoenix Contact GmbH & Co. KG, Fraunhofer ISE


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

47

Hard- and Software Components for Smart Power Systems

Products / Services / Tools:

Design and Implementation of Holistic Systems Approaches (Software development)

Design and Implementation of System Components (Hardware development)

Development and Implementation Concepts for Communication between System Components

Development of Test Procedures for System Components


Dr. Sabine Wagner


Dr. André Naumann

48

Hard- and Software Components for Smart Power SystemsBenefits:

assure the cost effectiveness, environmental

compatibility and dependability of electric

power grids by providing solutions aimed at

uniformly utilizing the electrical grid to

capacity

maximize the integration of renewable

energies to ensure that the interplay of

consumption, power storage and distributed

generation is optimal

ICT components, e.g.: control systems,

subcomponents according to IEC 61850

and IEC 61970, electric vehicles and

infrastructures components to IEC 61851-1, IEC/ISO 15118


Dr. André Naumann

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Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF





Project eNterop


6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

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eNterop – Standards for E-Mobility

Ensuring interoperable communication between E-Vehicles and Charging Station according to ISO/IEC 15118


Dr. André Naumann

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Electric vehicle in the mobility systemCompliance and standards

Requirements, requirements for contemporary standardization

National and international political commitment

Quick and internationally valid

Coordination and focus

Clear and understandable definitions

Globally consistent charging infrastructure (interoperability)

Inclusion of Build on existing standards

Involved in European and international standardization


Dr. André Naumann

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One World: One Standard

E-Vehicles – from smart

consumers to active

prosumers

Interoperability between

E-Vehicles and Charging

Station

International standardized

Vehicle-to-Grid Interface

for all charging modes as

key for e-vehicle

integration to smart grids

ISO/IEC 15118 as key

standard for e-mobility


Dr. André Naumann

53

Vehicle 2 Grid Control Interface ISO/IEC 15118

Grafik: ISO/IEC 15118 -1 CD


Dr. André Naumann

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Project eNteropStandardization for e-mobility

Development of open source reference

implementation of standard ISO/IEC 15118

Development of automated test system

for conformity investigation

and standard product development

Technology transfer and supporting of SMEs

Input to standardization bodies

(DIN, DKE, NAAutomobil) and to

international committees (ISO, IEC)


Dr. André Naumann

55

ISO/IEC 15118 – What is it about?

Specification of communication an

interface between E-Vehicle and

Charging infrastructure

Possibility of influencing the

charging characteristic of e-

vehicles by presetting charge and

discharge power

Interface for added value function:

payment, Firmware update, Pre-

Conditioning, Multimedia

(extendable)

IEC 61851 is a prerequisite for

ISO/IEC 15118 implementation


Dr. André Naumann

56

Electric vehicle in the mobility system Grid connection

• Charge in accordance with DIN 15118

• The use of 15118 should not disable the charging

according 61851-1 Mode 1

• Bidirectional communication interface

• Communication consists of two parts:

• Basic signaling (IEC 15118-3)

• High-Level Communication (IEC 15118-1, IEC 15118-2)

• 3 to 7 of the OSI layer model

• Application Layer messages are based on XML

Charge from „normal“ socket

Charge from to DIN 61851-1

Charge from to DIN 61851-1& DIN 15118

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Application Layer Messages, SDP

EXI

V2GTP

TCP, UDP, TLS

IP, ICMP, SLAAC


Dr. André Naumann

57

Electric vehicle in the mobility system

Grid connection

• Charge from „normal“ socket:• Additional uncontrolled consumer• Network load• Security issues

• Earthing, voltage security, failure, vandalism, etc.

Uncontrolled, no possibility of influencing

• Charge from DIN 61851-1• No information about e-vehicle• Specification of performance is possible• Detection of cable fittings (Imax), closed circuit,

charging the service vehicle• Safe standardized connection to 44kW Disruption is possible

Charge from „normal“ socket

Charge from to DIN 61851-1

Charge from to DIN 61851-1& DIN 15118


Dr. André Naumann

58

Electric vehicle in the mobility system Grid connection

Controlpilot

Earth

N

L3

L1

Plug present

L2

Signaling via the communication pins

Plug present

contact detection

Resistor to "pilot pin" coded cable configuration

Pilot pin

PWM of the charging station for signaling

Detected connected vehicle and state

Signaling of the charging process

Simple status detection using IEC 61851

Data exchange accordingto ISO/IEC 15118


Dr. André Naumann

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Project eNterop

System architecture for test bench and reference implementation

bdd [Package] ReferenceImplementation [Reference Implementation Design Model (presentation)]

«block»

SECC

SUT

«block»

EVSE

«block»

EVCC

SUT

«block»

EV

«block»

EVApplicationLogic

«block»

EVSEApplicationLogic

«block»

HardwareAbstractionLayer

«block»

IntermediateLayerProtocolStack

«block»

OperatingSystem

«block»

HardwareDriv ers

«block»

eNteropHardwareReferencePlatform

hardwarePlatformhardwarePlatform

driversdrivers

osos

intermediateLayerintermediateLayer

halhal

evseAppevApp


Dr. André Naumann

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Test Case and reference implementation

Analyzis and evaluation of different Methods for test case specification :

MSC, UTP, TTCN-3 and othes

Preference of TTCN-3 as Modelling language

Development of more than 600 requirements for test cases

Negative and positive tests

Development of a modelling guideline


Dr. André Naumann

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Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF





Project eNterop


6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

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Folie 62

Cross Energy Management System for ComplexInfrastructures

Development of methods and tools forsynchronization of energy demand andsupply in industries

Max. Integration of renewables ans storages in industries

Using unused over capacities in renewable generation in an optmizedway

Generation of new service for thesuperordinated power grid

Aim

Ensuring a supply-oriented demand by synchronziationof energy supply and demand

Monitoring

Forecast

Control

Storage allow higher flexibilitiesin cross energy systems


Dr. André Naumann

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Products / Services / Tools:

Smart Monitoring and Control of Energy Flows

Feasibility Analyze and Expected Potential Savings

System Architecture Design and Energy Management System Implementation


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Dynamic energy monitoring system for complexinfrastructures

Dynamic Energy Management System

Online-Monitoring ControlForecast


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Project System Storage – Settings

Power: 1 MW

Capacity: 0,5 MWh

Network acces level: 0,4kV or10kV

Size: 40ft-Container

Weight: ca. 20t

Features:

Reactive power generation(cos < 70°)

Black start(Netzaufbau)

Islanding operation

USP


Dr. André Naumann

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Folie 66

Project System Storage – Parameter


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PV and SP Standby Supply(During Night)

Usage ofthrottling

Intraday Trading

Lifetime

Profit

Power grid andmarket

SMARTGRID ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM SGESSMULTIUSAGE IN PV PARK


Dr. André Naumann

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Benefits:

assuring competitiveness by optimizing

energy use,

maximizing the integration of renewable

energies,

guaranteeing efficient and sustainable

energy use in a company by controlling

energy resources automatically and smartly

ensuring conformance with international

standard ISO 50001


Dr. André Naumann

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Outline

1. Fraunhofer IFF





Project eNterop


6. Summary


Dr. André Naumann

70

Summary

Fraunhofer IFF can support with knowledge in

Power network integration and analysis of network capabilities and demands, including renewable energies

Integration of electric vehicles and storage systems to micro grids and distribution grids

Solutions for standardized and innovative ICT for system integration

E-mobility is a complex challenge, with the need for an interdisciplinary interaction in the fields of

Vehicle technology: drive train, battery technology, power electronics

Infrastructure: Electricity grid, charging stations, streets and parking

System integration: ICT, mobility monitoring and control, forecast, convergence of electrical and transport infrastructure (renewable energies)

Business models

User acceptance, added values, user comfort and information


Dr. André Naumann

71

Thank you for your attention!

Dr. André Naumann

Research Manager

Fraunhofer-Institut für

Fabrikbetrieb

und -automatisierung

Contacts:

Sandtorstr. 2239106 Magdeburg, GermanyPhone +49 391 4090 – 784Fax +49 391 4090 – [email protected]

Documents

E-Mobility infrastructure, control center and energy management … E-Mobility... · 2017. 5. 4. · Projects: „Integriertes Flottenladen“ and „charge@work“, Fraunhofer IAO,