E L C A I · C4. Contribution to ... C5. Project management Figure C.5.1 Information management of ECLAI implementation Figure C5.2: Role of Steering Committee (MB = Project Members)

European Landscape Character Assessment Initiative

E L C A I

Project Proposal for financial support for an Accompanying Measure

EU 5 th Framework Programme Work Programme: EESD-2000- 2.2.1

Part C

Description of contribution to EU policies and socio-economic development, management and participants, the key personnel and the

participant's individual and collective plans for dissemination and/or exploitation of the results.

01.04.2002

ELCAI (PART C) Page 3/46

Content list

C3. Community added value and contribution to EU policies

The scientific contextThe regional contextThe policy context

C4. Contribution to Community social objectives.

C5. Project management

Figure C.5.1 Information management of ECLAI implementationFigure C5.2: Role of Steering Committee (MB = Project Members)

C6. Description of the consortium

Table C6.1: ELCAI’s institutional structureFigure C6.1: ECLAI consortium with wider activities and partnership

related to landscape

C7. Description of the participants

Coordinator 1: Alterra - Green World Research (Alterra) Partner 2: Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory (NIJOS)Partner 3: Landscape Alliance Ireland (LAI)Partner 4: Swiss Federal Research Institute, Switzerland (WSL)Partner 5: Institute of Ecology & Conservation Biology, Dept. of

Conservation Biology, Vegetation & Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna (IECB)

Partner 6: INRA SAD-Armorique (INRA)Partner 7: Czech Agricultural University Prague, Faculty of Forestry,

Institute of Applied Ecology (CAU)Partner 8: University of Western Hungary (UWH)Partner 9: Geography Department. Autonomous University of Madrid

(AUM)Partner 10: Center for Agricultural Landscape- and Land Use Research

(ZALF)Partner 11: European Centre for Nature Conservation (ECNC)Partner 12: National Environmental Research Institute (NERI)Partner 13: Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig-Halle (UFZ)Partner 14: Natural Environment Research Council -Centre for Ecology and

Hydrology (NERC)Partner 15: Institute of Nature Conservation (INB) Partner 16: IMAR – Coimbra Interdisciplinary Centre (IMAR-CIC)

C8. Description of the resources

C9 Economic development and scientific and technological prospects


C3. Community added value and contribution to EU policies.

In Europe over the last five years, “landscapes” have received increasing attention from policy makers and researchers at both the national and international level. Growing demand for landscape expertise can be recognised on the side of political institutions such as the European Commission, the Council of Europe, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and UNESCO as well as on the side of scientific networks such as Landscape Europe. These interests appear to reflect a newly and more widely experienced awareness regarding landscape character that is rooted in the biophysical, socio-cultural and economic domains. The increase of landscape character assessments – especially at the national level – has resulted in the development of new analytical and participatory tools such as landscape typologies, landscape indicators and more transparent decision-making procedures. Because of the growing need to guide and monitor sustainable land management through the integration of sectoral activities and through the involvement of stakeholders, European landscape researchers are facing the challenge to provide more harmonised approaches and more consistent data. The community added value of the ELCAI project shall be demonstrated in the light of the scientific, the regional and the policy context.

The scientific contextBecause of the nature of these challenges, landscape scientist has recognised that progress can only come from within the existing expert institutes and their internationally oriented programmes. Timely coinciding with the European Commission’s new approach on stimulating the formation of “Networks of Excellence” under the 6th Environmental Framework Programme, the establishment of LANDSCAPE EUROPE comes as a response to the widely felt need for co-operation and co-ordination in the area of landscape research. This requirement has been identified in many international landscape research and policy meetings over the last few years. The establishment of LANDSCAPE EUROPE – largely building on the expertise that has shaped landscape ecological research at the European level during the last seven years – is based on the following considerations:

•the large variety of existing initiatives in the field of landscape ecology lacks focus and hence recognisable profile;•consistency in approach and message building under a clearly defined organisational structure is the only way to establish long-term relations;•examples of other international networks show that service functions for both the expert groups as well as the policy field are essential.

Embedded in the institutionally strong structures of the Pan-European Environmental Research initiative (PEER), formed by six large national research agencies (Alterra/The Netherlands, CEH/United Kingdom, SYKE/Finland, NERI/Denmark, UFZ/Germany and Cemagref/France), LANDSCAPE EUROPE forms one of the specialised sub-network that are in the process of presenting their Expression of Interest as a Network of Excellence towards the European Union.

The proposed Accompanying Measure project on a “European Landscape Character Assessment Initiative” can hence be considered as a step towards the realisation of LANDSCAPE EUROPE’s goal to achieve concrete progress in:(1) the wider European scientific cooperation (project partners from 15

Scandinavian, Western, CEE and Mediterranean countries), (2) the development of coherent and common methodological standards and data

sources, and(3) the demonstration that existing landscape concepts can practically contribute to

a more efficient implementation of EU policies and environmental reporting.


The regional contextLandscape character is supported by the general presence of natural and cultural features, providing a sense of spatial integrity (specific land uses, typical biodiversity, field patterns, traditional architecture, etc.). The extreme diversity of natural and cultural expressions in the landscape makes landscape character assessment a means for measuring regional identity. In order to systematically quantify and map these items, information from local and regional surveys is needed — cultural identity is hard to derive from land cover, topographical and similar data sets. This criterion is based on a holistic perception and (inter-) subjective judgement on unique features.

On the event of the first workshop of the European Topic Centre for Terrestrial Environment (Barcelona, March 12/13th, 2002), Director P. Perera-Manzanedo, presented the new mandate of DG Environment as:

- driven by the state of the environment- based on scientific knowledge- making use of the territorial dimension- focussing on stress analysis (risks and risk mapping)

Reflecting the aims and options in spatially significant sectoral policies at national, regional and local levels can ensure that, besides the implementation of sectoral objectives, sustainability for the territory of the EU are also taken into consideration at an early stage in the policy process. Landscape character assessment – an essence a territorial concept – can contribute both to the preservation and deepening of regional identities and the maintenance of the natural and cultural diversity of the regions and cities of the EU in the age of globalisation.

Mr Perera also stresses the important role of the Europe of the Regions (200 in Europe), forming a platform (important would be that indicators relate to these regions)

The policy context Several EU policies strongly promote an integrated approach of the rural areas,

e.g. related to the EU’s Agenda 2000, the EU Common Agriculture Policy (CAP), the European Spatial Development Plan (ESDP, ESPON). The ESDP makes explicit mention of the role of landscapes for regional planning. According to the policy text, cultural landscapes contribute, through their originality, to local and regional identity and reflect the history and interaction of mankind and nature

The recent discussion on agri-environmental indicators has shown that there is an increasing policy interest in landscape indicators for measuring the benefits and impacts of European agriculture. Especially the OECD is taking an active role in these matters (Wascher et al., 1998) and continues to play a significant role (Indicator Workshop in Oslo, Oct. 2002).

The EU Habitats Directive lists 198 habitat types, including a range of territorial ecosystems and agricultural landscapes, for example dehesas, the open wood pasture system found in western and southern Spain, but also various managed heath- and grasslands in Western Europe.

The European Landscape Convention was adopted by the European Council Committee of Ministers in October 2000 in Florence. The European Landscape Convention is complementary to other existing international instruments (e.g. the Bern Convention, 1979). The overall objective of the Convention is to enhance public appreciation and to create policy measures for protecting, managing and planning landscapes. In 2001, LANDSCAPE EUROPE has been appointed expert advisory body of the convention.

Data management and harmonisation is since a long time also on the European policy agenda: the CORINE Programme, the establishment of the EEA and programmes such as INSPIRE on harmonising spatial information throughout regions are of high European concerns and relate directly to ELCAI.


C4. Contribution to Community social objectives.

The European Union’s Fifth Environmental Action Programme ‘Towards Sustainability’ (1992) pays full attention to the necessity of realising sustainable development in the European Union. This implies that the relationship between natural resources and the socio-economic activities have to be the cornerstone of all European policies. For a long period, normal practices have been to develop a socio-economic policy on one hand, and to neutralise the negative side effects of these policies by implementing environmental policies on the other hand. In particular in the field of agricultural policies it became increasingly difficult to counterbalance the negative side effects of the intensification of agriculture on landscapes and the environment that resulted from EU policies.

This brought decision-makers in the European Union to the conclusion that sustainable development could only be realised by a full integration of socio-economic and environmental policies. After such a long period of deterioration of landscapes and disturbance of the environment, this is a far from easy task. Landscape character assessment techniques based on region-specific indicators can be seen as one of the main instruments that can be used in this integration process. If they are selected and constructed in an appropriate way, they can inform the policy-maker about the effects of certain economic measure on landscapes and the environment.

The landscape conceptThough “landscapes” are closely associated with human interaction and perception, such as in agricultural, peri-urban or urban areas, they also comprise natural areas like forests and wetlands. The wider public enjoys the countryside from a general aesthetic and cultural perspective. From the viewpoint of the natural sciences and environmentalists, landscapes as seen as the provider of ecological services such as habitats and biodiversity. On the other hand, landowners, land managers, communities and ultimately the large group of consumers, are interested in or at least benefit from the economic functions of a landscape, this is to say from the soil quality, the infrastructure, or more concrete: from its productive values. There are hence are to recognise mainly three types of landscape functions:

social functions environmental functions economic functions

In Europe, agriculture remains to be the key land use factor that is connected with the production of landscapes by giving them an unmistakable character that is directly related to the type and history of agricultural land use. As such, landscapes provide the framework for a whole set of regional features that are closely connected with the relation of their inhabitants. Often this relationship is based on a regionally typical cultivation of land (e.g. crops, field size and structure, linear divisions, etc.) as well as of traditions (e.g. dialect, architecture, food, etc.).

In both, neo-classical economic theory as well in traditional environmental sciences, human activities are viewed mainly as external factors that act in mono-functional ways upon the systems. The “landscape concept”, on the other hand, has always viewed human beings as providing both support functions as well as putting pressures on landscape quality and character. The very notion of “Landscape Character” underlines the importance of regional identity being inheritantly linked to the socio-economic dimension.


By targeting at nothing less than at re-defining the implementation targets of existing EU and national environmental policies on the basis of a landscape concept that is firmly rooted in the territorial, regional, participatory approach. With its wide European input of expertise from 15 partner institutions, their commitment to develop long-term methodologies that are integrated in European research, and the high level of stakeholder involvement throughout the project implementation, the ELCAI project is well designed to provide high contributions to the Community’s social objectives.

Because of the complex relations between the European Union and the Member Countries, and given the increasing interest (and pressures) by regional authorities to play a stronger role in Community policy evaluation, implementation and monitoring, there is a need for a new kind of data and resource sharing between institutions at all levels. During the 80ties and 90ties, the EU focussed mainly on the establishment of large central environmental and socio-economic information systems driven by top-down developed methodologies (e.g. the CORINE programme of the European Commission/EEA and the activities of the European Statistical Office). Though this has undoubtedly brought about substantial progress in data accessibility and also to the benefits of many Member Countries and of European research, the EU is facing new challenges in the field of integration and policy implementation. European policies such as Agenda 2000 and its rural development objectives, or Natura 2000 that requires local on-site management, or European environmental monitoring on the basis of national and regional data inventories, require a new sense of ownership and participation if there shall be supported by Europe’s citizens.

In the light of the EU enlargement process and the upcoming challenges to accommodate for the wealth of new environmental and socio-economic resources of the Accession Countries, the need for region-specific approaches and new ways of inter-agency cooperation become more and more evident.

By building upon existing region-specific terrestrial reference and indicator systems at the national level, the ELCAI proposal is designed to link environmental and socio-economic conditions in the rural European in support of the principles of sustainable development. This implies that agricultural activities can be better embedded in a sound environmental framework. This will create better living conditions in the rural areas in the long run.


C5. Project management

Alterra – Green World Research is the main co-ordinating contractor for the ELCAI project. It will deal with overall management of activities under ELCAI, including financial and technical tasks. The central Coordinator is backed by a project management team consisting out of the Word Package leaders, most of whom also have a co-ordinating status in this multi participant proposal. With many of the project partners who are also members of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE expertise network, Alterra has almost 10 years of experience in implementing international projects. The internal structure of the Alterra management approach is specifically designed to allow for the monitoring and control of progress, finances and quality of work in such projects.

S T A K E H O L D E R S

Figure C.5.1 Information management of ECLAI implementation

A crucial factor in the implementation of the ECLAI project is the information management throughout the four work phases. Figure C5.1 illustrates the main information flows:

Central co-ordination: Alterra (indicated by the red colour) is maintaining close contacts with all Work Package leaders throughout the project implementation and is in charge of the international level, represented by the European Commission as the

WP 7WorkshopI M A R

WP 10Database

W S L

WP 1Science

N E R I

WP 2Policy

E C N C

WP 3Contact

I N B

WP 4Map

U F Z

WP 5IndicatorsN E R C

IMAR LAI NIJOS IECB INRA CAU UWH

UAM ZALF NERI ECNC INB UFZ NERC WSL

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

SH

Central Coordination andWP LeaderALTERRA

WP 6InterimReport

WP 8ScienceReport

WP 9PolicyBrochure

EUROPEANCOMMISSION

European level(EEA, JRC, CoE …)


contract partners and other European agencies that are relevant for the project goals (see C3). Under the lead of Alterra, the WP leaders are also part of the Steering Committee that meets with the European Commission and other interested parties on the occasion of the three Technical Meetings (Month 6, 14 and 19). See also Figure C5.2.

Phase 1: Inventory (indicated by the green colour)The Work Package leaders of WP 1 (NERI), 2 (ECNC) and 3 (INB) are in contact with all project partners in order to compile the necessary information. Regarding WP 3 on the initialisation of external contacts with stakeholders, all project partners are asked to approach relevant institutes in their home region or country. This is illustrated by the top-row of small circles that link to the partner institutes.

Phase 2: Synthesis (indicated by the blue colour)Building upon the information compiled during the 1. Phase, the Work Package leaders of WP 4 (UFZ) and WP 5 (NERC/CEH) are consulting all project members but should rely primarily on the work being done in Phase 1, hence on contacts with the project Coordinator Alterra and the relevant WP leaders (NERI, ECNC and INB).

Phase 3: Workshop (indicated by the purple colour)Though in contact with the WP leaders, the Central Coordinator will support the leader of this task (IMAR) when inviting in members of the associated stakeholder community and of the international agencies.

Phase 4: Dissemination (indicated by the red frames)Report writing such as under WP 6, WP 8 and WP9 is the task of the Central Coordinator (Alterra), supported of course by other WP leaders and the project members.Internet database: Though the main contact appears to be with the central Coordinator and with the WP leaders, the leader of this task (WSL) is supposed to establish direct data links with all participants.

Figure C5.2: Role of Steering Committee (MB = Project Members)

Steering Committee

Members: (Coordinator) Work Package Leaders

European Commission others

MB MB MB MB MB MB MB MB

Central Coordinator


The ELCAI project will be managed in a transparent and integrated way - this means not based on a hierarchical structure but on numerous relations between project partners and Coordinator.

To guarantee that all activities under the project meet the highest standards of quality, there will be short-term evaluations after each main part of the project. This will be done by means of questioners or evaluation meetings, which will be a part of communications or a part of project meetings. For the mid-term evaluation (Interim Report) external experts will be invited. The main focus of the evaluation processes will be on all major deliverables and on monitoring whether the quality of these deliverables meets the specified standards, as well as on the overall co-ordination of the project by Alterra.

C6. Description of the consortium

With 15 participating partners, the ECLAI project is not only thriving upon a vast pool of expertise but also upon varied institutional profiles and wide geographical coverage.

Institutional profileThe majority of the participants are governmental agencies (8), followed by 5 university institutes and two NGOs, of which is national (LAI) and the other is operating strictly at the European level (ECNC).

Table C6.1: ELCAI’s institutional structure

Governmental Agencies Universities NGOsAlterra* (NL) IECB (AT) LAI (IR)NIJOS* (NO) CAU* (CZ) ECNC* (NL)WSL* (CH) UWH* (HU)INRA* (FR) UAM (E)UFZ* + ZALF* (DE) IMAR* (PT)NERI* (DK)NERC/CEH* (UK)INB* (BE)

Twelve consortium members are also partners of expert network LANDSCAPE EUROPE (indicated with an * in Table C6.1), those institutes that are underlined are members of the Pan-European Environmental Research initiative (PEER), of which network LANDSCAPE EUROPE is an integrated component (as the research “column” on Landscape Management and Planning).

Figure C6.1 illustrates the institutional activities and linkages at the European level. The PEER partners are marked in red (double-line) colour frames, the wider ELCAI network partners, including the partners of LANDSCAPE EUROPE are placed at the top and bottom line. Project (blue) leadership is indicated by underlined words, institutional roles and networks (green) leadership as well.


Figure C6.1: ECLAI consortium with wider activities and partnership related to landscape

All partners are known to play key roles in the development of national landscape character assessments, most of them since several years. The institutions’ presentations at international workshops such as the CEMET (Lisbon, November 2001) and Landscape Map Workshop at Landscape Europe (Wageningen, August 2001) also influenced the choice of partnership.

Nordic Council of Ministers

Czech Ministry

ECOLAND NetworkPECSRL

BIOHAB, GREENVEINPAN, ENRISK

ALTERRA – Green World Research

NERIEEA-EIONET

NordLaM

NERC/CEHEEA-EIONET

Bioassess, Bioforum

UFZ

URGE

UWH UAM

INTERREG Ilc

ZALFLandscape Tomorrow

ECNCEEA-EIONET

ENRISK

INBBiodiversity

Platform

IMARDRASME

RICAMARE

NIJOS

NordLaM

LAIIrish Landscape

Forume

WSL

ALPMON

IECB ENVIP-Nature

PAN

INRA

GreenVeins

CAU

OECD

British Countryside

Survey

PEBLDS EEA- Partner

Council of Europe (ELC)


C7. Description of the participants

Coordinator 1: Alterra - Green World Research (Alterra)Expertise and experienceWageningen UR is one of the largest research Centres in Europe in landscape sciences. LANDSCAPE EUROPE, which is based in Wageningen, is a new international network organisation for co-ordinated research, academic education and policy support in the area of landscape. AS one of the 6 research columns of the Pan-European Environmental Research initiative (PEER), LANDSCAPE EUROPE/PEER is in the process of putting forward an Expression of Interest as a Centre of Excellence under the 6 th

Environmental Research Programme of the EU. Within Wageningen UR, core partners are ALTERRA and the Wageningen University Department of Environmental Sciences. The researchers work on cultural history, historical ecology, landscape ecology and design, aesthetics and land use science. Alterra engages in strategic and applied research to support design processes, policymaking and management at the local, national and international level, including relations between cities and their surrounding countryside, multiple use of rural areas, economy and ecology, integrated water management and sustainable agricultural systems. LANDSCAPE EUROPE represents a key Centre of Expertise for methodology development and data co-ordination, and focuses on the following objectives:development of interdisciplinary knowledge of the landscapes of Europe and enhancing the research on landscapes and landscape ecology in an international context;development of integrated monitoring approaches for trends and changes in landscapes, leading to the identification of the impacts of policy scenarios on the countryside;application and exploitation of this knowledge in support of international and national policies in the field of landscape management and the maintenance of cultural heritage, multifunctional agriculture, recreation and nature conservation;reinforcement of academic education and training within these fields, bringing together international MSc, PhD and post-doctoral education;dissemination of landscape research results through publications, web sites, workshops and conferences. Selected European activities:ALTERRA is initiator, co-ordinator and provides the Network Office of LANDSCAPE EUROPE.

LANDSCAPE EUROPE’s recent initiatives and involvement: Appointment as Expert Advisory Body to the Council of Europe in the further development and

implementation of the European Landscape Convention. Organisation of a LANDSCAPE EUROPE international workshop “European Landscape Mapping” at

Wageningen, in August 2001 (12 country representatives); Preparation of a European contribution to the forthcoming IALE World Conference in Darwin

(Australia, July 2003); Presentation of a keynote speech to the forthcoming international workshop on OECD indicators

for landscape, wildlife habitats and biodiversity in cooperation with NIJOS.

LANDSCAPE EUROPE is currently participating at the following EU projects and project proposals: PASTORAL (QLRT-2000-00559); ENRISK on Environmental Risk Indicators for European Agriculture (QLK5 - CT – 2002 – 01911); BIOHAB on the Co-ordination for Biodiversity and Habitats as project leader (EVK2-2001-00362) PAN on Cultural Landscapes and their Ecosystems (proposal still running)

Further more, LANDSCAPE EUROPE plays an active role in Research on European heathlands; Alterra is the co-ordinator of the Euroland project which aims to co-ordinate European landscape;

and landscape changes monitoring; National Monitoring system for landscape quality changes; European vegetation analysis; Ecological networks in Europe;Scientific personnel:


Mr. Dirk M. Wascher is Senior-Researcher at Alterra - Green World Research in Wageningen, The Netherlands, where he is charge of coordinating PEER and Landscape Europe network activities. Mr Wascher’s academic background is landscape ecology with degrees from Germany and the United States (University of Washington, Seattle). Mr. Wascher spend three years with the European Commission’s DG Environment, launching the first pan-European environmental report “Europe’s Environment - The Dobřis Assessment”, (chapters Nature and Landscapes) and implementing the CORINE Biotopes programme. At the European Centre for Nature Conservation (The Netherlands), Mr Wascher coordinated European projects on biodiversity and landscapes, such as on agri-environmental indicators (ELISA) and on the EEA’s environmental signals reporting and coordination of the PEBLDS Action Plan on European Landscapes with projects on landscape assessment and policies. Mr Wascher is editor of the recently launched Journal for Nature Conservation, published by Urban Fischer.

Dr G.B.M. Pedroli is a senior researcher at Alterra Green World Research in Wageningen, The Netherlands. He is a landscape ecologist with thorough knowledge of the ecology of cultural landscapes within the constraints of the other societal functions of the countryside. He has broad experience both in the Netherlands and abroad in managing landscape studies, integrated floodplain management studies and nature conservation value assessment. Dr. Pedroli is engaged enthusiastically in developing methodology for reconciling land use functions with habitat rehabilitation and is keen on participation of NGO’s and local stakeholders in planning studies. He took actively part in several EU-funded research projects and concerted actions. He has several functions on boards of international scientific network organisations and journals.

Ir. Sander Mücher graduated in 1992 in Tropical Crop Science, (spec.: land use surveys and Remote Sensing). His research activities at Alterra are integration of remote sensing with crop growth models, agricultural land use monitoring with improved remote sensing techniques and energy balance modelling. The last years main emphasis has been on the applicability of low resolution satellite data for land cover mapping in environmental models on the European scale. He is project co-ordinator of a EU funded project PELCOM, and is also involved in setting-up a reference map for a pan-European Ecological Network and the development of a EU livestock policy decision support system.

Selected publications:

Mücher, C.A., J.G. Veldkamp, V.F. van Katwijk, G.J.A. Nieuwenhuis and R.J. van de Velde, 1996. RS - Land Cover based Environmental Monitoring in Europe. Progress report on the applicability of NOAA-AVHRR 1-km data for small scale land cover mapping. Final Report part 1. BCRS report 96-11, Delft, the Netherlands.

Stomph, T.J.,Mücher, C.A. and L.O. Fresco, 1997. Environmental Impact of Land Use: A New Basis for Analysis. The Land, 1997, Vol 1.2, pp 129-142.

Pedroli, G.B.M , Jongman, R.H.G., Klijn, J. and Wascher, D.M. 2001. Position Paper on Landscape Europe - International Centre of Landscape Expertise. Internal Report, Alterra - Green World Research, Wageningen.

Wascher, D.M., Piorr, H.-P. and Kreisel-Fonck, A. 1998. Agri-environmental Indicators for Landscapes. Paper developed in contribution to the OECD Workshop on Agri-environmental Indicators on September 21-24, York, UK, 1998, European Centre for Nature Conservation, Tilburg.

Wascher, D.M.(ed.), 2000. Agri-environmental Indicators for Sustainable Agriculture. Report from the EU Concerted Action Project FAIR5-PL97-3448. European Centre for Nature Conservation, Tilburg, 200 pages

Wascher, D.M.(ed.), 2000. Landscapes and Sustainability. Proceedings of the European Workshop on landscape assessment as as policy tool; 25th-26th March 1999 Strasbourg, organised by the European Centre for Nature Conservation and the Countryside Agency of England, United Kingdom, Tilburg, 94 pages

Wascher, D.M. (ed.) 2000. “The Face of Europe – Policy Perspectives for European Landscapes”, . Report on the implementation of the PEBLDS Action Theme 4 on European Landscapes, published under the auspice of the Council of Europe. ECNC, Tilburg, 60 pages

Wascher, D.M. and Jongman, R.H.G. (eds.), 2002. European landscapes - classification, evaluation and conservation . EEA, Environment Technical Reports, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen (in press)


Partner 2: Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory (NIJOS)


Expertise and experienceNIJOS, being a public institute under the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture, is Norway’s major supplier of data on soil, forest, outfield and landscape resources. The information supplied by NIJOS is vital for agriculture, forestry and other land-based enterprises, as well as for land-use and environmental management.

NIJOS provides impartial biological and environmental data, which is required in order to ensure the sustainable utilisation of our natural resources.

Many of the 140 employees at NIJOS spend the summer months collecting field data, which then are used, e.g., in the production of maps and the preparation of environmental statistics. The staff at NIJOS cooperates closely with experts at numerous scientific institutions, including several departments and affiliated institutes of the Agricultural University of Norway (NLH), also located in Ås.

NIJOS can provide:• National statistics on forest and cultural landscape resources• Land-use and landscape information• Consulting services

Major clients include:• National, regional and local authorities within agriculture, forestry and land-use management• Private industry

NIJOS’ main working areas are:

• Forest Resources in NorwayNIJOS provides resource and environmental information relating to the forest areas in Norway. NIJOS has the world’s longest series of historical forest statistics, dating back to 1919. The institute is continually mapping and monitoring the Norwegian forest resources. This information forms the basis for forest and environmental policy making.

• Soil Resources in NorwayNIJOS maps and assesses Norwegian soil resources, e.g. in the form of soil maps, crop suitability and erosion risk assessments in order to provide the necessary background information for land use management.

• Outfield Resources in NorwayNIJOS maps the quality of mountain and forest grazing lands in Norway. This compilation of data on Norway’s vast outfield resources is another one of the major tasks at NIJOS. This data can be used for land-based business development and the sustainable management of these resources.

• Landscape Resources in NorwayNorwegian farmers receive financial support for managing the cultural landscape, maintaining biodiversity and preserving cultural monuments. NIJOS maps and monitors such landscape characteristics in order to support the versatile utilisation of Norway’s landscape resources.

NIJOS has established a landscape reference system, consisting of a spatial classification into three geographical levels, including descriptions of landscape characteristics. NIJOS is also responsible for monitoring the Norwegian farming landscape.

• Integrated Land Use InformationNIJOS is responsible for generating land type maps. These give an overview over different types of land use, e.g., cultivated land, bogs, grazing land and forests. Such information is vital for land use management at a municipal level. In connection with remote sensing data and information from the national forest inventory, land type maps also provide valuable data on land resources at regional and national level. Based on this information, NIJOS generates land resource maps for the Norwegian counties.

NIJOS makes extensive use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in its operations, which, generally speaking, can be described as geographical data processing.

Furthermore, NIJOS provides services related to the use of GIS in the agricultural sector, including


Selected European activities Active participation in work on OECD indicators for landscape, wildlife habitats and biodiversity

(organisation of an international workshop in Oslo, October 2002) Norwegian member of LANDSCAPE EUROPE NetworkOther selected projects: Responsible for the 3Q-programme; Norwegian Monitoring Programme for Agricultural

Landscapes Responsible for Norwegian Forest Inventory Responsible for the Norwegian Landscape Reference SystemScientific personnel:

Dr. Wenche Dramstad is a researcher at the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory. She is a landscape ecologist with experience and interests also within the field of landscape architecture. Her primary focus is related to the development, state and change of Norwegian agricultural landscapes, the multifunctionality of these landscapes as expressed e.g. in their importance for tourism, recreation and aesthetics and biodiversity of the countryside. Her current work focuses on the development of indicators to monitor these different aspects of the agricultural landscape and its values and functions, and linking this to the spatial structure of the landscape.

Mr. Oskar Puschmann is a scientific officer at the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory, with responsibility for the Norwegian Landscape Reference System, a spatial database describing landscape character and environmental resources at three hierarchical spatial levels. He has studied cultural landscape issues throughout Norway and has a wide contact network with local and regional planning and environmental authorities and stakeholders. He is also a prize-winning photographer, with an extensive archive of illustration material of the Norwegian cultural landscape.

Dr. Wendy Fjellstad is a researcher at the Norwegian Institute of Land Inventory and is coordinator of the national monitoring programme for agricultural landscapes (the 3Q-programme). She works on the development of landscape and biodiversity indicators, and their use in the monitoring programme and in international reporting.

Selected publications:Fjellstad, W.J. & Dramstad, W.E. 1999. ‘Patterns of change in two contrasting Norwegian agricultural landscapes.’ Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 45; 177-191.

Fry, G. Puschmann, O. & Dramstad, W. E. 1999. ‘Geographical Information for Research and Policy: A Norwegian Landscape Perspective.’ Chapter 22 in Usher, M. (Ed.) ‘Landscape Character: Perspectives on Management and Change.’ SNH/HMSO, The Stationary Office Ltd., Edinburgh.

Puschmann, O. 1998. The Norwegian landscape reference system – use of different sources as a base to describe landscape regions. NIJOS Report 12/98.

Dramstad, W. E., Fjellstad, W. J., Strand, G.-H., Mathiesen, H. F., Engan, G. and Stokland, J. N. 2001. ‘Development and implementation of the Norwegian monitoring programme for agricultural landscapes.’ Journal of Environmental Management 64, 49-63.

Dramstad, W. E., Fry, G., Fjellstad, W. J., Skar, B., Helliksen, B., Sollund, M.-L. B., Tveit, M. S., Geelmuyden, A. K., and Framstad, E., 2001. ‘Integrating landscape-based values – Norwegian monitoring of agricultural landscapes. ’ Landscape and Urban Planning 57, 257-268.

Fjellstad, W.J., Dramstad, W.E., Strand, G.-H. & Fry, G.L.A. 2001. ‘Heterogeneity as a measure of spatial pattern for monitoring agricultural landscapes.’ Norwegian Journal of Geography 55, 71-76.

Partner 3: Landscape Alliance Ireland (LAI)Expertise and experienceLandscape Alliance Ireland is unique in being one of the few European Non-Governmental


Organisations whose principal concern is landscape quality.

Landscape Alliance Ireland, which is based in Cork, Ireland, was founded in 1994 in response to a call for a National Landscape Policy in Ireland and parallel policies at local and European level.

From the beginning, L.A.I. worked on the principle that the most effective means of addressing a complex issue such as landscape quality was to stimulate and facilitate the public expression and proactive interchange of all points of view. The National Landscape Forum in Ireland, first convened by L.A.I. in 1995, and convened each year since, brings together speakers and delegates, not alone from every academic discipline, but also from all sectors of the community.

The publishing of the proceedings of the Fora has created a valuable body of research data.

L.A.I. is credited with placing the concept of landscape quality on the national agenda in Ireland.

In recent years, L.A.I. has initiated and co-ordinated a number of research projects in association with the Landscape Forum, focusing on the relationship between aesthetics and landscape quality through the involvement of practising artists and the difficulties involved in integrating top-down measures with bottom-up concerns.

Landscape Alliance Ireland does not engage in confrontational engagements with regard to landscape issues, but rather seeks to proactively develop an intrinsic landscape sensitive approach at all levels of society.

Landscape Alliance Ireland therefore provides a useful model for other European countries and focuses on the following objectives. providing a platform each year for the most diverse range of landscape related presentations with

the proceedings, including debates, audio-recorded and published. facilitating widespread networking among members and non-members at national and European

level. preparing submissions and consultation reports at local, regional, national and European level on

many issues that impact on landscape quality. initiating and co-ordinating research specifically targeted at developing an informed awareness of

landscape quality at local level. participating at a European level with the Council of Europe with regard to promoting the European

Landscape Convention and with various partner organisations and bodies with regard to the sharing of information and research.

Selected projects: National Landscape Forum each year in Ireland Publication of Forum proceedings in printed form and on the Internet Supporting and promoting Ireland's active participation in the implementation of the European

Landscape Convention. Initiating and co-ordinating both research and practical projects aimed at improving landscape

awareness at a local level. Initiating the call for Ireland to host a European Landscape Forum in the near future which would

subsequently be hosted in a different European country each year.Scientific personnel:Mr. Terry O'Regan, B.Agr.Sc. (Horticulture), is a first class honours graduate of University College Dublin and has been involved in the landscape industry in Ireland for the past thirty-two years, working on a wide range of projects throughout the country, gaining first hand experience of the landscaping of projects large and small and the impact of same on our visual environment, acquiring a uniquely practical perspective. Terry has lectured extensively on all aspects of landscape design and management, including consideration of environmental and heritage concerns in the context of landscape, and has participated as visiting lecturer on heritage / environmental courses at the University Foundation of Luxembourg and University College Cork.


Terry was Irish delegate to the Council of Europe Intergovernmental Conference on "European Landscape Convention", Florence, 1998 and the Ministerial Conference on the Opening for Signature of the European Landscape Convention, Florence, 2000, as well as to the First National Conference on Landscape in Rome in 1999. In 1996, Terry O'Regan was commissioned by the Government of the time to prepare a discussion document on an inter-departmental approach to Landscape Policy.

Currently Chairman of the Cork Environmental Forum, one of the earliest and most successful Local Agenda 21 bodies to be established in Ireland. As leader of the Working Group on Landscapes / Townscapes / Wildlife he has worked on the preparation of a blueprint for local authority landscape management into the new millennium entitled 'The Landscape of Cork Report'.

Mr. Donagh MacArtain, is recognised for his development of innovative and effective project and process management solutions in community, special interest and cross-cultural situations. As Director of his company, U ONE R, he has recently conducted community audits measuring attitudes and values placed on enterprise in two marginalised communities. He has project managed community based EU projects (Regio: Article 10 New Sources for Jobs) in the areas of employment and enterprise growth in Cork, and is currently conducting a number of projects for local clients.

He has a Master's degree in Education (University of Liverpool) and a post-graduate diploma in effective instruction of adult learners (Vancouver College). He has served on many working groups and Boards including a Canadian Ministerial Review Committee set up to make legislation more inclusive and a provincial task-force set up to adapt mainstream policies in health and education in indigenous communities. He has developed and delivered training seminars and workshops in managing change, leadership, vision and strategy planning, training the trainer and best practice techniques. He has been a visiting lecturer in colleges in Canada, UK and Ireland.

Ms. Catherine Buchanan, M.Env.S., M.Msc, holds an M.Sc in G.I.S. from the University of Edinburgh, and a Masters in Environmental Studies from the University of Strathclyde, for which she specialised in sustainable development and natural resource management. She has been employed as a Senior Researcher in the Coastal Resources Centre at University College Cork since 1995, where she has had direct experience of working on a number of projects involving stakeholder participation in resources management. These include the EU-funded Bantry Bay Charter project (involving the agreement of a community charter for the management of Bantry Bay) and a management study of the natural, economic and social resources of Dingle Harbour for the Harbour Commissioners (involving workshop participation with statutory agencies and environmental and marine interests).

Selected publications:Irish Landscape Forum '95 - proceedings of the first National Landscape ForumIrish Landscape Forum - 'The Second Landfall' - proceedings of the 2nd Landscape ForumIrish Landscape Forum – 'Through the Eye of the Artist' - proceedings of the 3rd Landscape Forum.Report on Ministerial Conference for the Opening for Signature of the European Landscape Convention.'The Case for a National Landscape Policy'Irish Landscape Forum – 'The Turning Point' - proceedings of the 1998 Landscape Forum is currently being published progressively on the L.A.I. Web-site: www.landscape-forum-ireland.com'The Landscape of Cork Report'Publications in progress: Proceedings of 1999 Landscape Forum, due to be published in late 2002; proceedings of Landscape And Art Project due to be published in late 2002; proceedings of 2001 Landscape Forum due to be published in June 2002.


Partner 4 Swiss Federal Research Institute, Switzerland (WSL)

Expertise and experienceWSL is a federal research institute and a leading institution in the fields of forest ecology, landscape ecology and management and natural hazards. WSL has an outstanding extension service via Web (see http://www.wsl.ch/land/welcome-en.ehtml, products on-line). Concerning Landscape Research key areas of research are Landscape and Society: The expertise of this section lies in studying the interactions between society and landscape development. The section specialises in the field of public perceptions of landscape change. Personnel have a breadth of experience with qualitative as well as with quantitative social science techniques. Economics: This section concentrates on analysing the determinants and mechanisms driving the use of forests and semi-natural landscapes from the perspective of environmental economics. Understanding land use change is necessary to design policies that are compatible with sustainability requirements. Nature Protection: This section specialises in analysing historic and current landscape changes. Such analysis provides a deep insight into the driving forces of landscape change. Particular attention is given to the potential impacts of regional planning. The results enable more efficient and successful nature protection. Landscape Dynamics & Management: This section is highly competent in biodiversity assessment, development of decision tools for biotope assessment, biodiversity modelling and policy analysis in connection with large landscape conservation areas such as wilderness areas or national parks. Selected European activities: Swiss member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

AIR3 CT94 1965: Concerted action Grazing as a management tool in natural and semi-natural woodland ecosystems (EU)

ENV4-CT95-0063: Forest responses to environmental stress at timberlines (EU) ENV4-CT96-0359: ALPMON – Inventory of alpine-relevant parameters for an alpine monitoring

system using remote sensing data (EU)Other recent relevant activities

Research Projects• Transformation rates of Alpine landscapes (2002 -...)• Transit corridors through the Alps (2002 - ...)• Driving forces of landscape change - the role of planning (2001 – 2004)• Public attitudes towards wilderness and ecological restoration (2000 – 2003)• International comparison of the acceptance of biosphere reserves (1999 – 2003)• Farmers' coping with federal dry-meadows management strategies (1999 – 2000)• Long-term development of agriculture in Sudtirol (Italy) (1996 – 1998)• Structural change in Swiss agriculture 1939-1996 (1996 – 1999)• Cartography and evaluation of dry grasslands• Spontaneous reforestation of fallow land as assessed by locals and tourists (1993 – 1996)

Recent Web extension packages:Biosphere reserves in Switzerland: an evaluation instrument on the Internet (www.wsl.ch/land/products/biosphaere)Participatory landscape planning on the community level (www.wsl.ch/land/products/lebendiges_dorf/)Climate change - vegetation change? An information package for the public and for schools (www.wsl.ch/land/products/klimaanimation/)The return of predators - public perception of a wilderness phenomenon (www.wsl.ch/land/products/predator/)Modelling potential faunistic biodiversity with a spatially explicit expert system (www.wsl.ch/land/products/biomod/)Swiss Forest Inventory – a walk in the woods (http://www.wsl.ch/land/products/lfi/)Scientific personnel:

PD Dr. Felix Kienast heads the research section of Landscape Dynamics and Management. He participated in numerous national and international projects, He specialised in landscape and

http://www.wsl.ch/land/products/biomod/

http://www.wsl.ch/land/products/predator/

http://www.wsl.ch/land/products/klimaanimation/

http://www.wsl.ch/land/products/biosphaere

http://www.wsl.ch/land/welcome-en.ehtml


vegetation modelling with GIS, environmental risk analysis and spatial modelling. He was program manager for various mapping projects aimed at simulating vegetation and landscape dynamics of mountainous landscapes by means of computer models. Prior to coming to WSL he spent several years at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, and was involved in various systems-ecology studies. He is IALE Bulletin Editor and IALE Regional representative.

Dr. Matthias Bürgi is deputy-head of the Nature Protection section at the Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. He obtained a University degree in environmental science and a PhD at the Department of Forest Sciences at the ETH Zürich. For his PhD thesis he was awarded the medal of the ETH. Prior to coming to WSL he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard Forest, Harvard University, USA and as an honorary fellow at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. In his research he specialised in interdisciplinary landscape studies, combining historical and ecological methods in order to analyse and understand forces driving landscape change during the last 100 to 200 years.

Iris Heller is responsible for Web extension. She did a masters in Civil Engineering and specialised in Web based Data management Under her guidance the Web packages indicated above have been worked out.

Relevant publications:Bürgi, M, Russell, E W B, 2001. Integrative methods to study landscape changes. Land Use Policy 18,

9-16.

Bürgi, M, Russell, E W B, Motzkin, G, 2000. Effects of post-settlement land-use history on forest composition in the north-eastern United States - a comparative approach. J. of Biogeography 27 (5), 1123-1138.

Hunziker, M & Kienast, F, 1999. Impacts of changing agricultural activities on scenic beauty - a prototype of an automated rapid assessment technique. Landscape Ecology 14, 161-176.

Kienast, F., (1998): Towards a socially accepted, sustainable management of agricultural landscapes. In Schellnhuber, H.M. and Wenzel, V., (ed.): "Earth System Analysis: Integrating Science for Sustainability". Springer.

Bebi, P., Kienast, F., Schönenberger, W., 2001: Assessing structures in mountain forests as a basis for investigating the forests‘ dynamics and protective function. Forest Ecology and Management 145: 3 – 14.

Kienast, F., Fritschi, J., Bissegger, M., Abderhalden, W., 1999: Modelling successional patterns of high-elevation forests under changing herbivore pressure - responses at the landscape level. Forest Ecology and Management 120: 35 - 46.


Partner 5: Institute of Ecology & Conservation Biology, Dept. of Conservation Biology, Vegetation & Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna (IECB)

Expertise and experienceThe Institute of Ecology and Conservation Biology (IECB) is heading the Austrian partner group. IECB is one of the biggest institutes of the Faculty of Science and Technology at the University of Vienna. The new founding of the institute reflects the recent developments in biology, where interdisciplinary ecological approaches have become increasingly important.Research covers the interrelationships of all organisms in the biosphere, as well as their interactions with their respective environment. The scientific fields at the institute range from ecophysiology on a cellular level to ecosystem research and landscape ecology, where nature and landscape conservation are central disciplines.The Department of Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology has a long tradition in theoretical and applied research for nature conservation. In the last 15 years studies on cultural landscape became an important subject. Selected European activities: ENVIP-Nature: “Landscape typology and indicators for nature protection”, financed by the

European Commission within the framework of the EURO LANDSCAPE Project of the Joint Research Centre.

Other relevant research activities:: IN2-SINUS: “Study of Structural Features of Landscape Ecology as Indicators for Sustainable

Land Use”, financed by the "Research Initiative Cultural Landscapes" of the Austrian Ministry of Science.

IN5-BINKL : “Biological Indicators of Sustainability of Austrian agricultural landscapes”, financed by the “Research Initiative Cultural Landscapes” of the Austrian Ministry of Science.

KG2: “The Cultural Landscape Development”, financed by the Austrian Ministry of Science. LANDLEBEN: “Preservation of diversity and quality of life in rural regions of Austria”, financed by

the “Research Initiative Cultural Landscapes” of the Austrian Ministry of Science. COSINUS : “Comparative Study and Interpretation of land use changes in different Austrian

Cultural Landscapes”, financed by the Austrian Ministry of Science. “Vegetationskundliche Untersuchung der Wiesen and Wiesenbrachen im National Park Thayatal”,

financed by the NP - Verwaltung Thayatal. “Vegetationskundliche Untersuchung der Trockenstandorte”, financed by the NP - Verwaltung

Thayatal.Scientific personnel:Univ. Ass. Dr. Thomas Wrbka (contact person) has since 1992 been a Senior University Lecturer and Senior Research Fellow at IECB. Previously he was a research fellow there and has participated in applied research projects in the field of landscape and vegetation ecology in close cooperation with regional and local initiatives and farmers' associations. His main fields of research is:(i) Cultural Landscapes Classification (ii) Landscape structure (and its use as indicator for sustainability) (iii) Remote sensing application in landscape ecology (iv) The use of landscape structure to explain biodiversity patterns (v) Historical development of Austrian agricultural landscapes

scientific personnelMag. Johannes Peterseil is an graduate Ecologist of the University of Vienna and has been working, since 1996, on several projects dealing with Landscape Ecology and the Benefits for a Sustainable Regional Landscape Development.

Mag. Ingrid Schmitzberger is a Ph.D. candidate in Landscape Classification at the University of Vienna and is working on Habitat Classification and the integration of Remote Sensing Data with Habitat Classification (ENVIP-Nature project) since 1998.

Michalis Tzatzanis MSc, is a Ph.D. candidate in Landscape Ecology and Nature Conservation since 1999 and is working on the Integrated Management of Coastal Zones in South-eastern Mediterranean.

selected publications

WRBKA T., SZERENCSITS E., REITER K., KISS A. (1999) Identifying sustainable land use by


describing landscape structure. A case study in alpine and lowland agricultural landscapes of Austria. In: Brebbia C.A. et al. (eds.): "Ecological Systems and Sustainable Development", Proc. of the ECOSUD 99 conference 5/1999, Wessex Institute of Technology, Ashurst. ECKER K., GRÜNWEIS F. M., MÜLLNER A., SONNLECHNER C., WILFING H., WINIWARTER V., WRBKA-FUCHSIG I. & WRBKA T. (1999): Landscape, Labour and Population in Pre-Modern Austria; Acta Universitatis Carolinae Environmentalica 13: 29-50. WRBKA T., SZERENCSITS E., MOSER D., REITER K., (1999) Biodiversity patterns in cultivated landscapes: experiences and first results from a nationwide Austrian survey. In: Maudsley M. & Marshall J. (eds.): "Heterogeneity in Landscape Ecology: Pattern and Scale" Proc. of the IALE (UK) conference 9/1999, Bristol.

WRBKA T., SZERENCSITS E., REITER K., PLUTZAR C. (1999) Which Attributes of Landscape Structure can be used as Indicators for Sustainable Land-use? Experiences from Alpine and Lowland Landscapes in Austria. In: Kovar P. et al. (eds.): "Present and historical nature-culture interactions in landscapes - experiences for the 3rd millennium", Proc. of the CLE conference 9/1998, Prague. KORNER I., TRAXLER A., WRBKA T. (1999) Trockenrasenmanagement und -restituierung durch Beweidung im "Nationalpark Neusiedler See - Seewinkel". In: Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft Österreich, Band 136: 181-212, Wien.


Partner 6: INRA SAD-Armorique (INRA)Expertise and experienceINRA, the National Institute for Agronomic Research (Institut National de Recherche Agronomique) is a public institute carrying academic and goal oriented research in the field of agriculture, environment and food processing. Over 8500 people work for INRA, including about 1500 scientists. The SAD-Armorique is a research unit, within the Department of Agrarian Systems and Development. The goal of the department is to understand interactions between practices and production and the environment at both farm and landscape level. The department is developing new programs based upon networks of research units. The Sad-Armorique unit conduct research on the interactions of farmers practices and ecological patterns at the landscape scale. Biodiversity is a central topic and the unit is part of a federation of research labs (The Centre Armoricain de Recherche en Environnement) composed of labs from INRA, CNRS and Rennes Universities.The main fields of actions are :

• development of interdisciplinary methods, especially between agronomy, social sciences and landscape ecology to understand landscape dynamics ;

• the setting up of a long term research site of farming landscape, biodiversity and water quality that can serve as a baseline for the ecological assessment of agriculture.

Selected projects:• Long term research project supported by the Programme on the Environment of CNRS• Coordination of the programme of the ministry of environment of “Public Action, Agriculture

and Biodiversity”Selected European activities French member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network GREENVEINS: "Vulnerability of Biodiversity in the Agro-ecosystem as influenced by Green

Veining and Land-use Intensity" participant at EU research project, 2001-2004Scientific personnel:Dr. Jacques Baudry; Ingénieur Agronome (1975); Docteur ès Sciences (1985); Directeur de recherche INRA (1993). His Current position is director of the SAD-Armorique research unit. He has been working as a landscape ecologist for 20 years. He is scientific expert in agriculture for the committee on Ecology and management of natural resources (Ministry of Environment). His field of research is Interactions between farming activities and landscape scale ecological processes. Former positions are consultant in agri-environmental planning (1978-1981); invited assistant professor Rutgers University (New-Jersey, USA) (1982); invited assistant professor Université d’Ottawa (Canada) (1983); consultant (1984-1985). Since 1986: scientist at INRA (National Institute for agronomic research). He was the leader of the research programme on hedgerows, farming systems and landscapes (Ministère de l’Environnement) (1993-1999);

Selected publications:Baudry, J., C. Laurent and D. Denis (1997). The technical dimension of agriculture at a regional scale:

methodological considerations. CAP and the regions: Building a multidisciplinary framework for the analysis of the EU agricultural space. C. Laurent and I. Bowler. Paris, INRA Editions: 161-173.

Baudry, J., R. G. H. Bunce and F. Burel (2000). "Hedgerow diversity: an international perspective on their origin, function, and management." Journal of Environmental Management 60: 7-22.

Baudry, J., F. Burel, C. Thenail and D. Le Coeur (2000). "A holistic landscape ecological study of the interactions between farming activities and ecological patterns in Brittany, France." Landscape and Urban Planning 50: 119-128.

Baudry, J. and F. Papy (2001). The role of landscape heterogeneity in the sustainability of cropping systems. Crop Science - Progress and Prospects. J. Nösberger, H. H. Geiger and P. C. Struik. Oxon, Cabi Publishing: 243-259.

Burel, F. and J. Baudry (1999). Ecologie du paysage : concepts, méthodes et applications. Paris, Lavoisier

Burel, F. and J. Baudry (2002). Ecologia del paisaje. Barcelona, Mundi PrensaDeffontaines, J. P., C. Thenail and J. Baudry (1995). "Agricultural systems and landscape patterns:

how can we built a relationship?" Landscape and Urban Planning 31: 3-10.Krönert, R., J. Baudry, I. R. Bowler and A. Reenberg, Eds. (1999). Land-use changes and their

environmental impact in rural areas in Europe. Mand and Biosphere series. Pearl River, paris, UNESCO an The Parthenon Publishing Group.


Partner 7 : Czech Agricultural University Prague, Faculty of Forestry, Institute of Applied Ecology (CAU)

Expertise and experienceCzech Agricultural University is the largest centre in agricultural research and university education in the Czech Republic. Institute of Applied Ecology as a department of the Faculty of Forestry located in Kostelec nad Černými lesy pursues scientific, research, educational and expertise actives within the wide branch of applied and landscape ecology. The attention is focused namely on current development of cultural landscapes and changes in their ecological conditions and processes. The researchers work closely with the Czech Ministry of Environment upon the creation of methodological guidelines and legislative regulations concerning environmental impact assessment (EIA), landscape evaluation and sustainable land use planning.Selected European activities Czech member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Other relevant research activities Methods and principles of landscape typology on different scales Nature and landscape care - principles for a sound management of landscape segments

and ecosystems Landscape changes and developments Biological and geochemical monitoring of landscape processes Landscape mapping and evaluation of ecostabilising segments in cultural landscapes Ecological networks on different hierarchical levels Development of land use and landscape planning, landscape character assessment Research of waterfowl ecology in conditions of intensively managed fishponds Environmental impact assessment (EIA) and Strategic environmental assessment (SEA)Scientific personnel:

Doc. Dr. Zdeněk Lipský is a Head of the Institute, Senior Researcher and University Teacher both at the Faculty of Forestry and the Faculty of Sciences of the Charles University in Prague. His research activities are related to cultural landscapes in the Czech Republic and Central Europe, especially as to the land use and landscape structure changes, landscape planning and landscape character assessment. In 1990ies he collaborated with the Wageningen Agricultural University and with the Institute of Geoecology in Leipzig on research project concerning planning of ecological networks in Europe. He is responsible for MSc and PhD education in landscape ecology at the Czech Agricultural University. Dr. Lipský is the author of many scientific articles, sever monographies and textbooks on landscape ecology.

Selected publications:Lipský, Z., 1997: Land use changes and their environmental consequences in the Czech landscape. In: R.I-I.G. Jongman (ed.): Ecological and landscape consequences of land use change in Europe. ECNC publication series on Man and Nature, Vol.2, European Centre for Nature Conservation, Tilburg, pp. 350-360Lipský, Z., Kvapil, D., 1998: Present land use changes in the Czech rural landscape: causes and consequences. In: Key concepts in landscape ecology. Proceedings of the European Congress of the IALE, Myerscough College, September 3-5, 1998, pp. 117-129Lipský, Z. 12000. Historical development of Czech rural landscape: implications for present landscape planning. In: Richling, A. et al. (eds.): Landscape Ecologfy: theory and applications for practical purposes. The Problems of Landscape Ecology Vol. VI, Warsaw, pp. 149-159, ISBN 83-88067-21-4Lipský, Z., 1998: Landscape Ecology for students of Geography. Karolinum, Praha, pp.129, ISBN 80-7184-545-0Lipský, Z., 2000: Experience assessment of landscape character. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol.


Partner 8 : University of Western Hungary (UWH)Expertise and experienceThe University of Western Hungary is a “green university” of Hungary. The main educational and research activities are related to agriculture, sylviculture and to environmental, as well as landscape sciences. The Institute of Environmental Sciences has research and planning activities in the environmental, landscape and regional sciences and co-ordinates academic education of these disciplines. The staff of the institute works on environmental and landscape history, landscape geography and ecology, forest ecology, nature protection, environmental impact assessment, environmental policy and planning, landscape restoration and management planning. There is also a group working on regional and rural development. The linking factor between that broad scope of the mentioned disciplines is the interdisciplinary landscape approach, which interconnects the natural, cultural and economical aspects and sciences. The institute participates in projects concerning the monitoring and planning of landscapes and forest ecosystems. Selected European activities Hungarian member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Participant at the LANDSCAPE EUROPE international workshop on “European Landscape Mapping” at Wageningen, in August 2001.

Other relevant research activities Development of the GIS for the National Park “Fertő-Hanság” Phare CBC. Analysis of the landscape structure, landscape history and the ecological networks on selected

regions in Hungary. Landscape management strategies for several micro-regions. Environmental Impact Assessments. Green network monitoring of settlements. Predicting the impact of global warming on the forests and land cover change in Hungary.Scientific personnel:

Mrs. Éva Konkoly Gyuró Ph.D. is an associate professor at the Institute of Environmental Sciences, at the University of Western Hungary. She has a MSc. degree in landscape planning and a Ph.D. in agricultural sciences, related to landscape ecology (historical change of the land use and landscape structure, land use optimisation). Her main activities deal with landscape history and - management, environmental policy and - planning. In the last two, she seeks to involve landscape approach. She is responsible for landscape research and planning at the institute and took part in international research and academic education programs. She aims to bring closer the natural and socio-economical aspects of the landscape, and resolve conflicts between conservation and development aspirations and efforts in order to manage sustainable land use.

Berki Imre Ph.D., associate professor at the Institute of Environmental Sciences, UWH. He got a MSc. degree in geography and ecology at the University of Debrecen, a postgraduate soil engineer degree and a Ph.D. in ecology. His educated subjects are ecology and landscape geography. Formerly he worked as a consultant at the National Soil Service, he was a researcher at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, in the Institute of Ecology and Botany, and at the Department of Geography at the University of Debrecen. He is the Hungarian partner organizer and professor of the university training „Media Naturae”, co-ordinated by the Agricultural University Vienna (BOKU), sponsored by EU Leonardo da Vinci program. He is responsible for the studies of landscape geography and landscape ecology.

Selected publications:Konkoly Gyuró, É. 1989: Optimisation of Land Use in the Zemplén-Mountains region. (in Hungarian) In: Gazdálkodás (Land management). XXXIII. 11. pp. 39-50. Konkoly Gyuró É. 1995: Agricultural and sylvicultural land use in the Zemplén-Mountains from the

settlement to the middle of the 19th century. (in Hungarian) Historia Forestalis. XX. pp. 5-53.Plet, F.- Cros ZS.- Konkoly Gyuró, É. 1994: Vitiviniculture et situation politiques: Le Tokaj. Mappe

Monde. 1994/3. pp. 5-11.Konkoly Gyuró É. 1998: Landscape structure analysis and survey of arboreous ecological corridors in

model areas of the low mountains and plains of Transdanubia. (in Hungarian) Final Report and


GIS Database of Research. MKM FKFP. 1127/97,98. Konkoly Gyuró, É. 1999: The Role of Green Corridors in Landscape Restoration. Second International

Conference and Exhibition on Environmental Engeneering. University of Veszprém. Manuscript. p.15.

Konkoly Gyuró É. 1999: Land structure and landscape history analysis within the „GIS Development of the Fertő-Hanság National Park and the Szigetköz Landscape Protection Area.” Phare OSS No. ZZ9524 0106 L001. Institute of Environmental Sciences. Project Coordinator: I. Márkus. University of Sopron, Dep. of. Land Surveying and Remote Sensing.

Konkoly Gyuró É. 2001: Landscape management. (In German) Chapter in the Manual „Media Naturea”: „International Universal, Interdisciplinary Pilot Study in the field of ecology, economy and nature protection in Central European landscapes. “Univetsität für Bodenkultur” Vienna, University of Western Hungary. p.20

in Press:Konkoly Gyuró É. - Natur- und Landschaftschutz in Ungarn. Manuscript p.15. in. Handbuch für

Naturschutz und Landespflege. Ecomed Verlag. Konkoly Gyuró É. - Environmental Planning. (in Hungarian) Handbook. Manuscript p.306.

Berki, I. - Holes L. (1988): Lokale industrielle Emission und Waldschaden in Nordungarn II. Mineralstoffgehalt des Bodens und der Blatter von Qercus petraea. Acta Botanica Hungarica, 34, 25-37.

Berki, I. (1990): Oak forest decay in Hungary. Conference of International Association for Landscape Ecology. Noszvaj, 13-15.

Berki, I. (1993): Die Rolle von Eintrag, Klima und Boden beim Eichensterben in Ungarn. Proceeding „Stoffeitrage aus der Atmosphare und Waldbodenbelastung in den Landern von ARGE ALP und ALPEN-ADRIA”, Berchtesgaden, 248-254.

Berki I. 2001. Landscape ecology. (in German) Chapter in the Manual „Media Naturea”: „International Universal, Interdisciplinary Pilot Study in the field of ecology, economy and nature protection in Central European landscapes. “Univetsität für Bodenkultur” Vienna, University of Western Hungary. p.11.

Berki I. – Landscape geography of Hungary. Manual. University of Western Hungary. In Press.


Partner 9. Geography Department. Autonomous University of Madrid (AUM)Expertise and experienceThe Geography Department of the Autonomous University of Madrid is a public higher education and research centre which, since the time of its foundation, 35 years ago, has paid particular attention to landscape studies. The department has specialised researchers working on history and landscape, policy and landscape, cultural and symbolic meanings of the regional and local landscapes, rural, natural and urban landscapes, methodology and typology at different levels, and the mapping of landscapes.

In the past ten years, the Department has engaged in strategic and applied landscape research for public spatial planning and specific landscape planning to support policymaking and management at the regional, sub-regional and local levels. The landscape research team of the Geography Department focuses on the following objectives:

• development of the methodologies for landscape identification and characterisation, and landscape mapping at national, regional and local levels;

• analysis of changes in natural, rural and peri-urban landscapes and the geographical, ecological and cultural consequences of these;

• incorporation of landscape values and objectives into spatial planning at regional and local level;• promotion of higher education in interdisciplinary landscape studies and planning (MS, PhD).

Selected European activities Characterisation, identification and typology of Spanish landscapes. Spanish Ministry of the

Environment, coordinated with similar work in Portugal within the framework of INTERREG Ilc, 1998-2002.

Analysis, diagnosis and landscape proposals in the metropolitan area of Murcia (Huerta and Vega Media of Segura River, Southeast of Spain). Government of the Region of Murcia, INTERREG IIc, 2000-2001.

Other relevant research projects:

Environment, landscape and non-urban areas. Public Spatial Planning of Menorca Island. Biosphere Reserve. Government of the Balearic Islands, 2000-2002.

Spanish Policy of forestation and landscape changes (1940-2000). R+D Project, Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, 1998-2002.

Spatial Planning and Landscape in the Madrid Region. Research for the Government of the Autonomous Community of Madrid, 1994-1997 (published, 1999).

Scientific personnel:Dr. Rafael Mata Olmo, Full Professor (Regional and Rural Geography), Autonomous University of Madrid. His main activities are related to the diversity of and changes in natural and rural landscapes in Spain and Latin America, and the historical study of the consequences of agricultural and forestry policies on landscapes. He is at present strongly engaged in spatial planning issues and landscape planning at regional and local levels. He is the Co-director of the project Characterisation, identification and typology of Spanish landscapes (Spanish Ministry of the Environment) and other landscape studies for public spatial planning (Governments of Murcia, Menorca, The Basque Country, Andalusia).

Dra. Concepción Sanz Herráiz, Professor in Physical Geography at the Autonomous University of Madrid. Her main activities are related to geo-morphology, bio-geography and the organisation and dynamics of landscapes. She has considerable experience in the study of the bio-geographical and geo-morphological consequences of forestry policies. She is the author of a typology of the natural landscapes of the Madrid region, produced for the regional government, and is the co-director of the study “characterisation, identification and typology of Spanish landscapes”, for the Spanish Ministry of the Environment.

Dra. Josefina Gómez Mendoza, Full Professor in Regional Geography at the Autonomous University of Madrid. She is one of the leading authorities in studies of methodology and cultural landscapes in Spain. She has published numerous works on the history of nature conservation, forestry policy and the origins of landscape protection policies in Spain. She directed the study Los paisajes de Madrid: naturaleza y medio rural (“The landscapes of Madrid: nature and the rural environment”), for the


government of the Region of Madrid, and coordinated the recent edition of Geografía de España (“The Geography of Spain”), published by Ariel.

Selected Publications:Gómez Mendoza, J. (dir.), Mata Olmo, R., Sanz Herráiz, C and others (1999): Los paisajes de Madrid: naturaleza y medio rural. Madrid, Alianza Editorial-Fund. Caja Madrid, 319 pp. (The Landscapes of the Madrid Region: Nature and Rural Environment).

Gómez Mendoza, J. (1998): “The persistence of Romantic Ideas and the Origin of National Parks Policy in Spain”. Finisterra, 32 (65), pp. 51-63.

Lacasta Reoyo, P. and Mata Olmo, R. (2000): “Medidas agroambientales y forestación de tierras agrarias: consideraciones desde un espacio rural metropolitano”, in Paniagua Mazorra, A. (ed.): Naturaleza, agricultura y política agroambiental en España. Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Estudios Sociales Avanzados, pp. 209-244. (Agri-environmental Policy and Forestation of Agricultural Lands. Problems and Results in a rural and metropolitan area).

Mata Olmo, R., 2001: “Los paisajes españoles y su conservación”, in Año 1000, Año 2000. Dos milenios de la Historia de España. Madrid, Sociedad Estatal España Nuevo Milenio, I, pp. 411-432. (Spanish Landscapes and its Conservation).

Mata Olmo, R. (1997): “Paisajes y sistemas agrarios españoles”, in Gómez Benito, C. and González Rodríguez, J. J. (eds.): Agricultura y Sociedad en la España contemporánea, Madrid, Centro de Investigaciones Scociológicas-Ministerio de Agricultura, pp. 109-172. (Spanish Landscapes and Agrarian Systems).

Mata Olmo, R., Gómez Mendoza, J. and Fernández Muñoz, S. (2001): “Paisaje, calidad de vida y territorio”. Análisis Local., n. 37, pp. 27-40 (Landscape, Quality of Life and Territory)

Mata Olmo, R. and Fernández Muñoz, S. (2001): “España, paisaje: recurso ambiental, patrimonio e identidad”. Expansión. Atlas de la Autonomías, vol 6, pp. 72-83. (Spain-Landscape: Environmental Ressource, Heritage and Identity).

Sanz Herráiz, C. and López Estébanez, N., 2000: “Usos humanos y diversidad biológica”, in Vivir la diversidad en España. Spanish Contribution to the XXIX Congress of the International Geographical Union, Seoul 2000. Madrid, Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles-Real Sociedad Geográfica, pp. 83-103.


Partner 10: Center for Agricultural Landscape- and Land Use Research (ZALF)Expertise and experienceThe ZALF is a governmental supported national research facility with about 350 employees, including more than 80 scientists. ZALF is dedicated to the study of landscapes, especially in rural areas. The primary scientific objective is to analyse, evaluate and predict processes (including their interactions) in agricultural landscapes. Important research areas include land use, environmental assessment, scenario studies and sustainable development. The research focuses on integrated system analysis of agricultural landscapes for sustainable management of land and water, conservation of natural and cultural resources, and sustainable development of socio-economic conditions in the landscape. The research methods include mathematical modelling, scenario-analysis, field and laboratory experiments in agricultural landscapes of Northern Central Europe. Most of the research activities in the ZALF lead to methods that can be used to anticipate changes of the land use systems in regions and to evaluate the impact of such changes on environmental and socio-economic indicators.ZALF consists of seven departments, which focus on landscape ecology, soil science, hydrology and socio-economics. Relevant research activities are conducted in interdisciplinary projects to analyse the changes of land use and rural areas. The results of the research activities are used for policy support on the sustainable development of agricultural and multifunctional landscapes. Selected projects:

• Management Systems for Precision Agriculture • Approaches for Sustainable Agricultural Production• Concepts for general surveillance monitoring of GMO in regional scale• Regional guidelines to support sustainable land use by EC agri-environmental programmes

(EAP)• Land use Mapping and Physical Soil Property Study with Shuttle Radar Data• Evaluation of Agri-environmental measures

Selected European activities: Associated member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Sustainable Land Development in North Central EuropeScientific personnel:Dr. sc. Gerd LutzeHe is a Agronomist and Landscape Ecologist by training and currently senior scientist in the Institute for Landscape Systems Analysis of the ZALF. He has experience in development and application of models and decision support systems in agricultural land use and landscape analysis. In additional he has empirical knowledge in characterising landscapes in relation to natural components, biodiversity and potentials for land use.He was head of related national and international projects for example the project group Brandenburg in EC-Project "Regional guidelines to support sustainable land use by E.U.-Agri-Environmental-Programmes (AEP)" 1994-1998 (AIR 3 CT94-12-96).Dr. Ulrich StachowHe is Agronomist and Ecologist by training and currently senior scientist with the Department of Land Use Systems and Landscape Ecology of the ZALF. He has broad experience in vegetation science, animal ecology, ecological impacts of agricultural. production systems. He has been involved in numerous projects, e.g. monitoring landscape wide biodiversity and ecological impacts of agriculture; analyze agricultural production systems including scenario studies; evaluation of agri environmental programmes.

Selected publications:Piorr, P., M. Glemnitz, H. Kächele, W. Mirschel & U. Stachow (1997): Impacts of the European Union Reform Policy after 1996 in North- East Germany: Landscape Change and Wildlife Conservation.- IN: Dabbert, S.,A. Dubgaard, L. Slangen & M. Whitby : The Economics of Landscape and Wildlife Conservation. CAB International, Chapter 15, 217-230.Bork, H.- R., Dalchow, C., Kersebaum, K. C., Stachow, U. (1995): Regionalanalyse der Auswirkungen veränderter agrarkonomischer Rahmenbedingungen auf die Agrarlandschaftsnutzung und Umweltqualitätsziele.- Z. f. Kulturtechnik u. Landentw. 36 (4): 194-201.Lutze, G., R. Assmann, R. Wieland, M. Voß & K.-O. Wenkel (2000): ELANUS - Prototyp für ein Entscheidungsunterstützungssystem zur Landschaftsanalyse und zur integrativen Bewertung alternativer Landnutzungsstrategien. - Zeitschrift für Agrarinformatik 8 (2): 28-35 Schultz, A., R. Wieland & G. Lutze (2000): Neural networks in agroecological modelling - stylish


application or helpful tool? - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 29: 73-97. Lutze, G. & J. Kiesel (1999): Multidisziplinäre Charakterisierung und Visualisierung Brandenburger Landschaften als Grundlage für ein nachhaltiges Nutzungsmanagement. Angewandte Geographische Informationsverarbeitung XI. Beiträge zum AGIT Symposium, Salzburg 1999, Wichmann Verlag, S. 362-373.


Partner 11: European Centre for Nature Conservation (ECNC)Expertise and experienceThe European Centre for Nature Conservation (Tilburg, the Netherlands + Budapest, Hungary) is a not-for-profit foundation that organises and mobilises the expertise of 38 research institutes, conservation agencies, universities and reference centres in 18 European countries. It is ECNC’s aim to generate and coordinate international projects in which these institutes cooperate, thus combining their expertise to present interdisciplinary options and solutions that can further a strong and comprehensive European nature conservation policy, with a sound scientific basis. In the area of work in which ELCAI is placed, ECNC has undertaken the following activities:• Topic report on European Landscapes - Classification, Evaluation and Conservation. For the

European Environment Agency ECNC has produced a 'landscape topic report' which builds on the work done for the chapter on European landscapes in the Dobris Assessment. It provides additional, complementary information and specifies the conceptual approach for five central themes. Currently being finalised by EEA.

• Support to the landscape component under the Pan-European Biological and Landscape Diversity Strategy and to the European Landscape Convention. ECNC cooperates with the Council of Europe on the implementation of the landscape Action Theme under PEBLDS, as well as the future implementation of the European Landscape Convention (ELC). It maintains a landscape section on the PEBLDS web site (www.strategyguide.org)

• Landscape assessment. Workshop organised by ECNC and the English Countryside Agency and hosted by the Council of Europe in March 1999 and publication of 'Landscapes and Sustainability'

Actual activities: Associated member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network Participant at the LANDSCAPE EUROPE international workshop on “European Landscape Mapping” at

Wageningen, in August 2001.Scientific personnel:Mr Ben C.W. Delbaere (1968) Senior Programme Coordinator. Belgian national. Masters degree in Vegetation Ecology (University of Antwerp, 1990) and Postgraduate degree in Environmental Impact Assessment (Free University of Brussels, 1991). Experienced project coordinator who has been responsible for the development and implementation of a number of international projects in the field of information management and biodiversity assessment: coordinating 5FP Concerted Action ENRISK (QLK5-CT-2001-01911); implementing web development for EC CHM (IDA programme); implementing inventory of biodiversity indicators for EEA’s ETC/NPB; coordinating and implementing European collaborative programme with JRC on Remote sensing and landscape ecological mapping (EUR 16265); coordinating and editing publication ‘Facts & Figures on Europe’s biodiversity’; drafting discussion paper on indicators, monitoring and CHMs for EC as input to conference ‘Biodiversity in Europe’ (Budapest, 2002); organising side event at CBD/COP6 on indicators and monitoring.

Ms Tatsiana Damarad (1971) Project coordinator. Belarussian national. Graduated from the Environmental Protection Department (Belarussian Technological University) and Masters degree in International Politics (Free University of Brussels). Ms Damarad’s professional experience includes work on nature conservation at governmental level in Belarus, internship with the European Commission DG Environment, work in the East-West Co-operation programme for RETI - Association of European Industrial Regions. She is currently following a programme of studies in Social Psychology at the Open University (UK) and coordinates the secretariat for the COST 341 action on habitat fragmentation and transport infrastructure.

Selected publications:Delbaere, B.C.W. (ed.) (1998) Facts & figures on Europe’s biodiversity – State and trends 1998-1999.

– Tilburg, European Centre for Nature Conservation.Delbaere, B. (2001) Perspectives for landscape policy in Europe, in Ü. Mander, A. Printsmann & H.

Palang (eds) Development of European landscapes : Conference proceedings. Publicationes Instituti Geographici Universitatis Tartuensis 92, - Tartu, Institute of Geography, Tartu University.

Delbaere, B. & Gulinck, H. (Eds.) (1995) Remote sensing in landscape ecological mapping. EUR 16265 – Luxembourg, Office for Official Publication of the European Communities.

EEA (2002) An inventory of biodiversity indicators in Europe. Final report, prepared by B. Delbaere, European Centre for Nature Conservation – Copenhagen, European Environment Agency. (in press)


Partner 12: National Environmental Research Institute (NERI)Expertise and experienceThe National Environmental Research Institute (NERI) is an independent research institute under the Danish Ministry of Environment and Energy. NERI's mission is to provide a sound and informed scientific basis for making environmental decisions at the political, administrative and commercial levels. The activities undertaken by NERI fall into four main categories:• Research: NERI undertakes both applied research and long-term strategic research. The research

activities support NERI's scientific consultancy and monitoring work.• Monitoring: NERI undertakes monitoring in order to evaluate the effect of political/administrative

measures and to provide an overview to facilitate the early identification of environmental problems.• Consultancy: NERI serves as scientific advisor to the Danish Parliament and the Ministry of

Environment and Energy, as well as to other public authorities, private organisations and enterprises.

• Dissemination of information: NERI targets dissemination of its research and monitoring findings through scientific papers in international journals, scientific reports and technical instructions, popular scientific articles and reports in the mass media.

NERI's expertise is concentrated within the areas: natural processes and the state of the environment; tools and models for integrated environmental assessment and monitoring of species and habitats and the general state of the environment. With annual total finance in the late 1990s of 200 – 250 million DKK approximately 80% was allocated to the nine research departments and the remainder to central functions (management, secretariat, data processing, real estate). NERI derives about one third of the budget from programme and contract research. Of NERI's total resources, about 40% is devoted to research and 60% to monitoring, data activities and scientific consultancy. NERI has a total staff of approximately 330 employers, of which over 250 are research staff.Landscape expertise is mainly within two of NERI’s nine research departments: the Department of Landscape Ecology and the Department of Policy Analysis. The NERI Department of Landscape Ecology (LAND) undertakes research focusing on botanical and zoological ecology at the species, population, habitat and landscape levels, thereby providing a scientific basis for management of the terrestrial nature. Emphasis is placed on the processes influencing conditions for wild plants and animals in uncultivated areas, woodlands and in agricultural landscapes. The population and habitat-based studies support the development of integrated models describing changes in biodiversity at the landscape level as a result of forest management, agricultural practice and recreational activities including hunting. The roles of information from image data and GIS are also included in the department’s research. The Department of Landscape Ecology has a staff of 33 comprising 27 scientists or senior scientists and 6 technical and administrative personnel, and is currently supervising 4 PhD and 6 MSc students. Selected European activities: Danish lead member of both PEER and the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Collaboration across the major Nordic projects undertaking strategic landscape level monitoring within the Nordic countries (the NMD NordLaM project); this has included collaboration with landscape expertise within several other European countries.

Partnership with environment agencies and research institutes in Germany for image and GIS based mapping of landscape and habitat change (EU FP4 MoBio project).

Coordination with other major European institutes in the Partnership for European Environmental Research (PEER), including the PEER column 6 ‘Landscape Planning and Management’

Collaboration with Alterra and other European partners in animal population spatial modelling and mammal population genetics.

Collaboration with 14 European partners in 13 countries on development of a framework for the coordination of Biodiversity and Habitats (BioHab, EU-FP5 concerted action)

Other relevant activities:The NERI Department of Policy Analysis (SYS) conducts cross-disciplinary analyses of the coherence between the development of society and the environment. The research includes firstly a general description e.g. in the shape of cross-disciplinary state of the environment reports and secondly more delimited analyses of selected sectors of society and environmental topics. The department’s target areas include land use in the open country and integrated environmental information systems. Policy analysis covers environmental, ecological and socio-economic


consequences of changing land use and utilisation of the wider countryside. This includes scenario studies of landscape development under changing agricultural production, infrastructure and recreation interests. The department has about 30 employees with different backgrounds (biology, geography, engineering, planning, economy, political science and sociology).Scientific personnel:Dr. Pia Frederiksen is a senior researcher in the NERI Department of Policy Analysis, with education in geography and chemistry. She has research qualifications and practical experience in assessment of land use and environmental change, land evaluation and the interaction of natural resources and rural livelihoods. Her PhD (Univ. of Roskilde) examined the development of methodologies for mapping and monitoring of vegetation/soils by use of digital satellite image analysis. She has extensive experience in interdisciplinary research.

Dr. Bernd Munier is a senior researcher in the NERI Department of Policy Analysis, with education in geography and PhD in GIS from Univ. of Roskilde. His research specialisms are in the building and application of GIS for modelling of biotic and abiotic landscape processes at regional scales, scenario building in the context of the agricultural environment and the interaction of agriculture and nature in the landscape.

Dr. Geoff Groom is project researcher in the NERI Department of Landscape Ecology, with PhD in remote sensing from Univ. of Bristol.. He has over 12 years experience in the analysis and application of remote sensing data for terrestrial ecology, with expertise in the production of national and regional land cover data sets from image data. His current research interests are in the use of information from image data in landscape studies at regional and national scales.

Selected publications:Fredshavn JR, GS Poulsen 1996. Growth behavior and competitive ability of transgenic crops. Field

Crops Research 45, 11-18Fredshavn JR 1999. Essential information needed for Policy makers – the perspectives and needs

seen from the supply side. Proceedings from European Conference: Bridging the Gap, Biodiversity Workshop, 4th June 1998

Groom, G. & Reed, T. (eds.) (2001): Strategic Landscape Monitoring for the Nordic Countries. (TemaNord 2001:523). Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. 128 pp.

Fuller, R.M., Groom, G.B., Jones, A.R., 1994. The Land Cover Map of Great Britain: an automated classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper Data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 60, 553-562.

Münier, B., Nygaard, B., Ejrnæs, R. & Bruun, H.G. (2001): A Biotope Landscape Model for Prediction of Semi-Natural Vegetation in Denmark. - Ecological Modelling 139(2-3) : 221-233.

Münier, B. (2001): Biotope modelling in landscape development scenarios. In: Mander, Ü, Printsmann, A., Palung, H. (eds.) Development of European Landscapes. Conference Proceedings, IALE European Conference 2001. Tartu: University of Tartu. 151-156.

Frederiksen P.K. (in press) Økologisk omlægning i regionalt perspektiv – drivkræfter, processer og landskab: (Conversion to organic production – driving forces, processes and landscape) in Tybirk & Alrøe: Naturkvalitet in det økologiske Jordbrug. ADRCOF report nb 9.

Birch-Thomsen, T., Frederiksen P.K. and Sano, H.O. (2001):A Livelihood Perspective on Natural Resaource Management and Environmental Change in semi-arid Tanzania. Journal of Economic Geography, 77, 41-66.


Partner 13: UFZ Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig-HalleExpertise and experienceThe UFZ (Centre for Environmental Research) was founded in 1991 as the first and only establishment in the Hermann von Helmholtz Community of German Research Centres (HGF) to be exclusively devoted to environmental research. Founded in response to the severe pollution prevailing in Central Germany, in it’s short history, the UFZ has already become an acknowledged centre of expertise in the remediation and renaturation of contaminated landscapes, as well as the preservation of natural landscapes – and not just in this region. Environmental research at the UFZ is increasingly acquiring global dimensions. Based on a solid scientific foundation, landscape research and environmental medicine are intertwined with social sciences, ecological economics, and environmental law within a number of temporary interdisciplinary research projects. The aim is to develop sustainable land use systems for cultural landscapes (e.g. agricultural, industrial, and mining areas), their terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and their typical flora and fauna. This requires a sufficient understanding of these highly complex, interlinked, dynamic systems so that the impact of anthropogenic intervention such as river regulation, flooding open-cast mines, unsealing areas of land, and the fragmentation of landscapes can be assessed and predicted.

Landscape expertise in the Department of Applied Landscape EcologyThe research focuses on new approaches and strategies for sustainable landscape development. Research methods (e.g. modelling approaches and evaluation procedures) are being developed for application at various levels of scale (local to regional). Geographical information systems (GIS), remote sensing and cartographic modelling are used to survey, observe, analyse and describe landscapes and their functions.

The department focuses on four complementary research areas: (1) Remote Sensing and GIS. Remote sensing data are cross-referenced with biological, ecological and socio-economic indicators in order to identify the underlying natural potential of landscapes. GIS are integrated with models and digital image processing systems.(2) Analysis of spatial temporal changes of landscape structure/habitat structure. A major task is to record and assess landscape and habitat structure and the monitoring and evaluation of changes in land use/land cover. The methodological tools applied include remote sensing techniques, GIS and mathematical methods for the quantitative assessment of landscape pattern by means of landscape metrics. (3) Landscape Assessment. A procedure for evaluating landscape and optimising land use across comparatively small areas has been developed. This can be used to determine the optimal distribution of different land uses within a landscape and the appropriate compromises required in terms of different landscape functions and services. (4) Changes of land use and landscape structure: Mesoscale assessment of their interactions and impact on water and soil in view of the implementation of the new EU water framework directive.The change of the landscape structure caused by land use alterations has a strong impact on the water and material fluxes within landscapes. In order to develop concepts for adapted land use types according to the goals of the EU water framework directive, integrated investigation and assessment approaches on different spatio-temporal scales have to be developed. Selected European activities: German lead member of both PEER and the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

URGE: "Development of Urban Green Spaces to Improve the Quality of Life in Cities and Urban Regions" EU project March 2001 – February 2004, Coordinator: UFZ

GREENVENES: "Vulnerability of Biodiversity in the Agro-ecosystem as influenced by Green Veining and Land-use Intensity" EU research project, 2001-2004

Scientific personnel:Prof. Dr. sc Rudolf Krönert has been the head of the Department of Applied Landscape Ecology since 1996 and of the Interdisciplinary Department of Urban Landscapes since January 2002. He is a geographer with a PhD in landscape ecology and habilitation in settlement geography. His particular scientific interest is focused on land use and on the ecological consequences of land use and land use change. For many years he participated in a European MAB project on “Land-use changes in Europe


and their impact on the environment”. He acted as a member of various scientific councils, e.g. on remote sensing, and has many years of experience in national and international research co-operation (EU, Eastern Europe, Latin America). He was member of the expert group on “Standards in Nature Protection” of the German Federal Ministry of Nature Protection. Dr. Annegret Kindler is a cartographer with a PhD in cartography. As a senior research officer at the Department of Applied Landscape Ecology at the UFZ she has been responsible for GIS applications and cartographic modelling in various research projects for the last ten years. One of her main interests of investigation is the cartographic presentation of issues of environmental impact, such as land use changes and social spatial processes of differentiation in urban areas. Another field of interest concerns the methodological development and improvement of cartographic modelling within the GIS world. Ms. Isabel Augenstein is a Diploma Engineer (Advanced Technical College) for Landscape Management. As a doctoral candidate and junior research officer she has been working at the Department of Applied Landscape Ecology at the UFZ since 1997. Her main interest of investigation is landscape ecological problems. The topic of her doctoral thesis (in press) was „The consideration of landscape aesthetic potential in the field of planning environmental provision: Development of a GIS-based procedure on the example of the administrative district of Dessau“. Now she has been working in the project of the European Union „ Vulnerability of Biodiversity in the Agro-ecosystem as influenced by GreenVeining and Land-Use Intensity„ (GREENVEINS).

Key publicationsBastian, O., Steinhardt, U. (eds., 2002): Development and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology. Kluwer Academic Publishers (in press)Breuste, J., H. Feldmann, O. Uhlmann (eds., 1998): Urban Ecology. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 714 p.Feldmann, R., Henle, K., Auge, H., Flachowsky, J., Klotz, S., Krönert, R. (Hrsg., 1997): Regeneration und nachhaltige Landnutzung: Konzepte für belastete Regionen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 317 S.Horsch, H., Herzog, F. (Hrsg., 2001): Nachhaltige Wasserbewirtschaftung und Landnutzung. Methoden und Instrumente der Entscheidungsfindung und -umsetztung. Metropolis-Verlag, Marburg, 486 S.Kabisch, S., Kindler, A., Rink, D. (1997): Sozialatlas der Stadt Leipzig. Hrsg.: UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH.Kindler, A.: The Social Atlas of Leipzig. In: OTTOSON, L. (Hrsg., 1997): Proceedings of the 18th ICA/ACI International Cartographic Conference (ICC 97), Stockholm, Sweden, 23-27 June 1997. Volume 3, Gävle, S. 1330 - 1336.Krönert, R., Baudry, J., Bowler, I. R., Reenberg, A. (eds., 1999): Land-use changes and their environmental impact in rural areas in Europe. Man and biosphere series, UNESCO, The Parthenon Publishing Group, Paris, New York, Casterton Hall. 261 p.Krönert, R., Steinhardt, U. Volk, M. (eds., 2001): Landscape Balance and Landscape Assessment.Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 304 p.Steinhardt, U., Volk, M. (Hrsg., 1999): Regionalisierung in der Landschaftsökologie. Teubner-Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, Stuttgart, 400 S.


Partner 14: Natural Environment Research Council -Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (NERC)

The Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) is one of the Centres and Surveys of the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). It is the leading UK body for research, survey and monitoring in terrestrial and freshwater environments. CEHs Mission includes the following aims: to describe and understand the dynamics of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through integrated monitoring, experimentation and modelling; to direct research towards predicting human impacts on the environment and generating potential solutions to improve quality of life; to secure and manage environmental data, and provide access to academia, governments, industry and the public; and, to promote public awareness and understanding through communication of the Centre's research. CEH is also the focus of a range of landscape related work in the UK and elsewhere. The work is undertaken for a range of organisations, including Central Government and its agencies. A key element in the CEH work programme is Countryside Survey, which monitors the stock, change and condition of land cover and landscape features across GB. The work also allows the ecological condition of the landscape to be assessed. Countryside Survey data provides the basis for several of the Government's Sustainability Indicators, and will provide an important input into an on-going project to develop indicators of change in countryside character and change in countryside quality. CEH have also worked with a range of European partners. In the context of the Landscape Europe Project CEH will:

• Contribute to the development of interdisciplinary knowledge of the landscapes of Europe and enhancing the research on landscapes and landscape ecology by drawing on the experience of landscape monitoring based on field survey and remote sensing techniques developed and used in the UK;

• Contribute to the development of integrated monitoring approaches leading to the identification of the impacts of policy scenarios on the countryside, particularly in retaliation to concepts of ecological condition and landscape quality;

• Contribute to the application and exploitation of this knowledge in support of international and national policies in the field of landscape management and the maintenance of cultural heritage, multifunctional agriculture, recreation and nature conservation, particularly in relation to the needs of Central government and its agencies;

• Develop academic education and training within these fields, bringing together international MSc, PhD and post-doctoral education, though its links with UK universities;

Selected European activities: PEER and LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network lead member for United Kingdom

EIONET Member and scientific partner of the European Topic Centre for Nature Protection and Biodiversity (Paris)

BIOASSESS: This project is co-funded by the European Union under the Global Change, Climate and Biodiversity Key Action, and aims to develop assessment tools for monitoring the impact of European policies and land use change on biodiversity.

BIOHAB - a concerted action on the harmonisation of methods of recording landscape across Europe.

BIOFORUM - a concerted action involving leading biodiversity scientists across Europe in debates and conflicts involving biodiversity conservation.

Other relevant research activities: Countryside Survey 2000: The survey is based on integrated field survey and remote sensing

techniques. The latter has produced a land cover map for the whole of the UK (Land Cover Map 2000) which can be used to update the CORINE-GB dataset derived from Land Cover Map 1990.

National Indicators of Change in Countryside Character and Quality: Funded by the UK Countryside Agency, DEFRA, English Nature and English Heritage, this project will produce national indicators based on the concept of landscape character by 2004.

Scientific personnel:Professor Roy Haines-Young is both head of the Environmental Science and Policy Research Group within CEH (Monks Wood), and holds the Chair of Environmental Management in the School of Geography at the University of Nottingham. His background is in landscape ecology, GIS and remote sensing, and has worked extensively on landscape issues in a scientific and policy context. He has extensive research contacts with landscape scientists in the UK, Scandinavia, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany, and has published a number of articles and scientific reports. Most


recently he was lead author for the CS2000 Report, Accounting for Nature: Assessing Change in the UK Countryside.Dr Les Firbank is head of the land use section in CEH, specialising in relationships between agriculture and wildlife. He has studied the effects of set-aside, organic farming, lowland game shooting and the Countryside Stewardship scheme. He is currently the project leader of the farm scale evaluations of the effects on GM crops on wildlife. He is a member of the Executive Committee of LEAF (Linking Environment and Farming), a Member of the Scientific Advisory Committee, British Trust for Ornithology and a Member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Applied Ecology.Selected publications:Haines-Young, R.H. et al. (2000) Accounting for Nature: Assessing Change in the UK Countryside.

DETR, London (see http:www.cs2000.org.uk).Haines-Young R.H. (2000) Sustainable Development and Sustainable Landscapes: Defining a New

Paradigm for Landscape Ecology. Fennia 178(1), 7-14.Haines-Young, R.H. (1999) Environmental accounts for land cover: Their contribution to state of the

environment reporting. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 24, 441-456.Stott, A.S & Haines-Young, R.H (1999) Linking land cover, intensity of use and botanical diversity in

an accounting framework in the UK. Economy and Environment, 11, 245-262.Petit, S., Firbank, L., Wyatt, B. & Howard, D. (2001). MIRABEL: Models for Integrated Review and

Assessment of Biodiversity in European Landscapes. Ambio, 30, 81-88Crabb, J., Firbank, L., Winter, M., Parham, C. & Dauven, A. (1998). Set-Aside Landscapes: Farmer

Perceptions and Practices in England. Landscape Research, 23, 237-254.Swetnam, R.D., Ragou, P., Firbank, L.G., Hinsley, S.A. & Bellamy, P.E. (1998). Applying ecological

models to altered landscape scenario testing with GIS. Landscape and Urban Planning, 41, 3-18.


Partner 15: Institute of Nature Conservation (INB)Expertise and experience

The Institute of Nature Conservation is a scientific institute of the Flemish Government in Belgium.It has a present staff of 110, of which 85 scientists. The official tasks attributed to the Institute are mainly applied scientific research and activities in relation to nature conservation policy and management. Most of the research and advisory activities are in the field of applied ecology and conservation biology, with special experience in the field of landscape ecology, distribution ecology, bio-indication , nature management, ecohydrologie and integrated water management.This research is organised in 6 units as a matrix structure within the Institute.

Major research topics covered in these units are:- distribution and population analysis of species (a.o. drafting of Red Lists, species

conservation planning, characteristics of migratory or isolated populations)- typology and ecology of habitats (including vegetation analysis, ecological mapping of

Flanders)- research at ecosystem level (e.g. eco-hydrology, river valley ecology etc.)- landscape ecology and nature management (focus on grazing management, connectivity of

small landscape elements etc.)- nature development and conservation policy (interface between research results and policy

planning: designation of protected areas, ecological networks etc.)- monitoring and reportage on the state of nature in Flanders (including abiotic environmental

features and effects on species and habitats)

Scientific knowledge is 'translated' as a basis of conservation policy proper and also in relation to integrated environmental management and land use planning. The Institute is responsible for the biannual report on the state of the natural environment, the designation of the Flemish Ecological network and criteria for designation of Ramsar sites and protected areas in Natura 2000.The Institute publishes series of reports and scientific communications, the Biological Evaluation Map of Flanders, activity reports etc. It is member of the Connect-consortium of European Conservation Research Institutes and participates in several projects.

Elected European activities Associated member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Participant at the LANDSCAPE EUROPE international workshop on “European Landscape Mapping” at Wageningen, in August 2001.

Scientific personnel:prof. dr. Eckhart KuijkenEckhart Kuijken (PhD in biology,1975) is general director of the Institute of Nature Conservation since its establishment in 1985 as a scientific institution of the Flemish Government in Belgium. He is also part-time professor at the university of Ghent, with a graduate and post-graduate course on 'landscape ecology and nature conservation'. His activities and research focus on ecology of wetlands and waterbirds, landscape ecology and conservation, with special attention for nature management and including relations with physical planning.In the European fora he is a member of working groups or committees of the (former) DG’s VIII, XI, XII and observer in the Topic Centre on Nature (Paris) of the European Environmental Agency.For the Council of Europe (Strasbourg, F.) he is consultant in expert groups on protected areas (European Diplome) and for the Pan-European Biological and Landscape Diversity Strategy (ecological networks, eco-tourism). He is national focal point for the Ramsar Convention (since 1971) and national delegate for 'Wetlands International' (Wageningen, Nl.); he also functions as national consultant for the Biodiversity Convention, the Bern and Bonn Conventions and is represented in the scientific committees of the EU-Bird and Habitat Directives.

Mr. Geert De BlustGeert De Blust (landscape ecologist) is since 1986 senior scientist at the Institute of Nature Conservation (IN). He is project leader of several scientific projects: 'integrated monitoring' (programme 'Policy oriented research for Flanders'): 'isolated plant populations' (programme 'Flemish research programme on nature development'); 'methods to optimise the ecological input for land


development planning' (project Flemish Institute of Land Development'') and 'landscape ecological background studies for the restoration of the river Meuse' (IN-research programme). He participated in the 3rd EU programme 'Landeconet, Farm landscapes for biodiversity: a guide to using landscape ecology to assess and improve the quality of northern European farmed landscapes for biodiversity' (the Landeconet research consortium, contract EV5VCT940528).

DE BLUST, G., PAELINCKX, D. & KUIJKEN, E. 1994. Up-to-date information on nature quality for environmental management in Flanders. in: F. Klijn (Ed.) Ecosystem Classification for Environmental Management, chapter 11 : pp. 223-249; Kluwer Acad. Publishers, the Neth.

DE BLUST, G., PAELINCKX, D. & KUIJKEN, E., 1995. The green main structure for Flanders, the development and implementation of an ecological network. Landschap, 12: 89-98.

DECLEER, K. & KUIJKEN, E., 1995. Nature development and nature restoration in Flanders (Belgium). State of the art (May 1995). In: Müller, H. S. (Ed.). Nature Restoration in the European Union, Proceedings of a seminar, Denmark 29-31/5/1995. pp: 79-82. Danish Ministry of Environment and Energy, Kopenhagen

DE BLUST, G. & KUIJKEN, E., 1995. Landscape ecological knowledge for rural planning. In: Skov et al. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 2nd CONNECT Workshop on Landscape Ecology, 1993. pp: 101-104. NERI Technical Report 131.

DE BLUST, G. & KUIJKEN, E., 1996. The green main structure for Flanders. In: Nowicki, P., Bennett, G., Middleton, D., Rientjes, S. & Wolters, R. (Ed.). Perspectives on Ecological Networks. pp: 61-69. European Centre for Nature Conservation, Tilburg

HERMY, M., DE BLUST, G., 1997. Punten en lijnen in het landschap. Van de Wiele & Schuyt, ism Stichting Leefmilieu, WWF, Natuurreservaten, Inst. Natuurbehoud,

Anterpen, Brugge & Haarlem, Brussel. 336 pp.KUIJKEN, E. & DE BLUST, G. 1998. The ecological network concept: a realistic contribution to nature

conservation policy in Flanders (Belgium)? In: Stein, J. & Woué, L. (Ed.). Le Réseau Ecologique. Actes du Colloque, Arquennes, 8-9 novembre 1996. pp: 57-62. Ministère de la Région Wallone

DE BLUST, G., 1998. Local peoples participation in natural resource-management. In: AGGER, P., BRANDT, J. (eds). The Farmer as Natural Resource-manager. Landscape Ecological Papers nr.10. Center for Landscape Research, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark. pp. 42-48.

KUIJKEN, E. 1998. Restoring Biodiversity. in: M. Cattizone, T.-B. Larsson & L. Svensson (eds.) ‘Understanding Biodiversity’, chapter 6.3. Ecosystems Research Report 25 ed.: Eur. Comm.; pp. 50-53

KUIJKEN, E. 1999. Access to Nature in Belgium and in the Netherlands: co-operation or conflict with conservation? Proceedings Pan-European Colloquy on Tourism and Environment; 9-11 September 1999, Riga, Latvia; Council of Europe, Environmental Encounters, No. 43: pp. 109- 117, July 2000.

DE BLUST, G., 2000. Biodiversity in the Total Human Ecosystem. A biologist's viewpoint. In: AGGER, P., BITSCH, R. (eds). 'Management of biodiversity in a landscape ecological perspective'. Landscape Ecological Papers nr.14 . Center for Landscape Research, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark. pp. 39-59.

KUIJKEN, E. 2000. The relation between the Biodiversity Convention and other international acts concerning nature conservation, with emphasis on wetland protection.; Bulletin Inst. Royal Sc. Nat. de Belg. ; Biologie, 70-suppl.: pp. 57-71, Brussels (in dutch with english summary).

KUIJKEN, E. (with G. DE BLUST). 2001: The restoration of sites and ecological corridors in the framework of building up a Pan-European Ecological Network - with examples of best practices from European countries - Draft report STRA-REP (2001) Rep07e.01; Strassbourg, 78 pp.

KUIJKEN, E. & J. TACK. 2001: Wet grasslands and Biodiversity: the Polder region between Ostend, Bruges and Knokke (Belgium). In: L. Buguna (ed.): Agricultural functions and biodiversity- a European stakeholders approach to the CBD agricultural biodiversity work programme. European Centre for Nature Conservation (ECNC), Tilburg (Nl.) pp. 67-70


Partner 16: IMAR – Coimbra Interdisciplinary Centre (IMAR-CIC)Expertise and experienceThe Coimbra Interdisciplinary Centre, created in 1994, is one of the R&D Units from the IMAR consortium, a private association without profit objectives. The IMAR is structured as a network of centers, which form the scientific core of the Institute. The IMAR-CIC includes researchers from different areas and institutions, both Universities and Technical Institutes. Even if it has started primary as a centre of research on hydraulics and aquatic ecology, it has expanded to all areas of ecology and landscape sciences. Actually it includes a specific line of research on Applied Botany and Landscape, which deals mainly with terrestrial ecosystems, the landscape level and territorial management.

Major research methodologies within the unit and specifically the Research Line on Applied Botany and Landscape include experimental biology techniques (both laboratory and field experimental work) , modelling (both physical and ecological), multidisciplinary and integrated landscape analysis, combining both natural and social sciences approaches. A consistent effort has been put in practice to optimise the interaction between all researchers and to establish stronger working links between different expertise.Selected European activities: Portuguese member of the LANDSCAPE EUROPE Network

Research projects: European Research Project VISTA “Vulnerability of Ecosystem Services to land Use Change in

Traditional Agricultural Landscapes” 2002-2005 European Research Project “Desertification Risk Assessment in Silvopastoral Mediterranean

Ecosystems (DRASME) 1999-2001 European Research Project “Research in Global Change in the Mediterranean: a Regional

Network (RICAMARE) Research project “Integrated landscape management in the municipality of Mertola: new

parameters for the CAP implementation”2002-2005Scientific personnel:Teresa Pinto-Correia, geographer, is Associate Professor at the Department of Landscape and Biophysical Planning of the University of Evora and Senior-Researcher of the IMAR-CIC, integrating the Research Line on Applied Botany and Landscapes. Her main research areas are rural landscape dynamics and management, analysis of agricultural policies and Mediterranean agro-systems, and also landscape classification and assessment

Rosário Oliveira , landscape architect, is a researcher at the Department of Landscape and Biophysical Planning of the University of Evora and at the IMAR-CIC, integrating the Research Line on Applied Botany and Landscapes. Her main working areas are local participation and management of rural landscapes at local level, but also landscape classification. She has a long experience of applied work and local level and has developed research on the same area. Selected publications:1999, Pinto-Correia T. and Mascarenhas J., Re-opening the extensification debate: what is happening to the Portuguese Montado ? Landscape and Urban Planning, 46:125-1311999, Pinto-Correia T., Working with farmers for nature management: the role of local involvement. In: Bowler J., Bryant C. and Firmino A. (Editors), Progress in Research on Sustainable Rural Systems, IGU-CSRS. Centro de Estudos de Geografia e Planeamento Regional, Série Estudos nº2: 120-1282000, Pinto-Correia T., Future Development in Portuguese Rural Areas: how to manage agricultural support for landscape conservation ? Landscape and Urban Planning , 50: 95-1062000, Pinto-Correia T., Landscape Identity – a key for integration. In: Pedroli B. (Editor), Landscape – Our Home, Essays on the Culture of the European Landscape as a Task. Indigo, Zeist2001, Pinto-Correia T., Abreu A and Oliveira R.. How to satisfy the demand of Decision-Makers for na Evaluation of Landscapes: proposal of a methodology applied in Portugal. IN: Brandt J.and Vejre H. (Eds.), Multifunctional Landscapes: Theory, Values and History. WIT Press Books (accepted for publication)2002, Pinto-Correia T., Abreu A. and Oliveira R. Identificação de unidades de paisagem: metodologia aplicada a Portugal Continental. Finisterra, vol. XXXVI, 72C8. Description of the resources


Table C8.1: Use of extra resources as indicated in the A-forms under ‘costs’.

Work Package

Partner Requested resources justification

WP 4 Alterra (or other, depending on cheapest resources)

€ 10.998Digitising/high quality scanning of maps (2 – 3)

The amount has been placed under ‘computing

For the comparison, graphic integration and publishing, some national landscape character maps might need to be digitised or scanned. Depending no the available resources of the institute in question (2-3)


€ 1000,-Printing of the Interim Report (colour copy quality)

The amount has been placed under “other costs”

Necessary for distributing the results of WP1 – WP5 to the circle of interested parties to be invited to the Workshop (WP7)


€ 14.000Publication of the Scientific Report (layout & printing)


Necessary for the dissemination of the project results to the research world


€ 10.000Publication of the Policy Brochure(colour, 30 pages)


Necessary for the dissemination of the project results to the policy world


€ 10.000Translation of Policy Brochure into three other EU languages

The amount has been placed under “External assistance”

Necessary for the dissemination of the project results to the policy world at the regional and local level

WP 10 WSL € 5000,-Launching of the ECLAI Internet database, for software and special services

The amount has been placed under “computing”

Necessary to ensure high functionality of internet site.


The overall budget of the ELCAI project network amounts to 44800 € (table C8-1). They are further explained below:

Personnel costSix posts (1 - 6) in the table include personnel costs:

1. project coordinator: undertaken by Alterra 2. for partner coordination of Work Packages: Some of the coordination,

administration and management of the workshops has to be done by the partner organising the workshop. A maximum of one week is planned for this task.

3. Costs for implementing WP1-5 (inventory & synthesis) covers all together 13,2 personmonths.

4. cost for preparation of reports/deliverables: At the end of Phase 1 there will be an Interim Report and at the whole of Phase is dedicated to dissemination, reporting covers WP 8 and 9. Each partner will contribute to the preparation of these reports/deliverables and a total of 6.84 man-months is planned for these task for all partners.

Overhead costsThe overhead cost is calculated as 20% of the overall costs for all partners. Alterra has specified overheads.

ELCAI Page 43/46

1Alterra

2NIJOS

3LAI

4WSL

5IECB

6INRA

7CAU

8UWH

9UAM

10ZALF

11ECNC

12NERI

13UFZ

14NERC

15INB

16IMAR

TOTAL1. Personnel cost central coordination

22200 27044

2. Personnel cost co-coordination

3750 3900 4500 4875 4500 2000 21525

3. Personnel cost WP 1WP 2WP 3WP 4WP 5

2865017598225163164622519

4. Personnel cost for preparation of reports1. Interim2. Science3. Policy

12270167108880

1764588

6006001800

1050700

350350

4502250

250250

250250

250250

620620

234015603900

18001200

25001000

19503250

180012001800

500500

287443127816380

5. Personnel cost for launching website

6054 588 600 5250 1050 450 250 250 250 620 1560 1200 1000 1300 1200 500 22122

6. Personnel cost dayrates workshop &meetings

62649816

23522352

24001200

14002800

1400700

1800900

1000500

1000500

1000500

24801240

31206240

24004800

20004000

26005200

24004800

20002000

3561657364

7. Travel & Subsistence

150009000

ELCAI Page 44/46

for workshop + meetings8. Other costs:TranslationsComputingPrintingDigitalising

10000119982500010000

500010000159982500010000

TOTAL 448000

ELCAI Page 45/46C9 Economic development and scientific and technological prospects

Applications and exploitation plansThe ECLAI prospect is to share European expertise for assessing landscapes on the basis of cartographic information (maps), typologies and indicators and do examine possible ways for stakeholder involvement. This vision refers itself to the state of the art in landscape science, in interdisciplinary panels and the launch of ELCAI reflects the intention to develop and exploit scientifically wider and technologically aspects of Culture landscapes as a tool for sustainable development. Initiatives such as the Landscape Convention and the landscape theme of the Pan-European Biological and Landscape Diversity Strategy are expressions that, at a European level, verify that we share this intention with the Community and foresee wide prospects within multiple fields of development.

ELCAI is very much an expression of LANDSCAPE EUROPE’s mission is to establish itself as a new interdisciplinary Landscape Network with European coverage enhancing the interaction between natural and social sciences while focussing on the multi-functionality of landscapes is supported by all participants present. The project will hence focus on co-ordinating research, information exchange or management, and policy support in this field. This project will build upon the existing landscape expertise and generate new expertise. It will address the major driving forces of landscape development in Europe.

The objective of ELCAI is to demonstrate with the input of a representative network of expertise: • interdisciplinary knowledge of the landscapes of Europe concerning the most

important landscape sciences: geography, biology, soil sciences, hydrology, geomorphology, landscape ecology, land use sciences, landscape design, demography, sociology and economy;

• international co-operation among research and scientific education groups and individuals engaged in disciplinary landscape research by developing an expert network in co-operation with scientific and professional associations dealing with landscape issues;

Starting from this basis we specifically aim to:

1. enhance scientific research focussing on the landscape level, by • developing the concept of landscapes towards a methodologically and practically

mature approach for integrated environmental assessment on the basis of territorial (landscape) units;

• disseminating landscape research results through publications, web site, and workshop.

2. co-ordinate data management, by• establishing a specialised webpage on ELCAI with active data compilation with

geographically referenced data on key landscape aspects and scientific information

• making full use of modern, state-of-the-art assessment based on Geographic Information Systems, remote sensing techniques and relational data base development;

3. support international, regional and national policy, by

ELCAI Page 46/46• co-ordinating, applying and exploiting the available knowledge in the field of

landscape management, nature conservation, management of cultural heritage, multifunctional agriculture, recreation and landscape design;

• advising policy institutions at national and international level, both governmental organisations and non-governmental organisations, on the development of landscape visions and management instruments (financial, juridical, ecological-technical and awareness development).

Documents

E L C A I · C4. Contribution to ... C5. Project management Figure C.5.1 Information management of ECLAI implementation Figure C5.2: Role of Steering Committee (MB = Project Members)