Duluth Minnesota

Elsa Chiu HKCSS

The Duluth Model Background

1970s

First shelter opened in the States

Advocacy groups, the press, lawmakers, researchers, academia and the public, leader in different disciplines

recognized the need to develop and implement new policies and protocols to protect victims

Background

The Duluth Model Background

1978

A domestic abuse case Cindy Landfried was battered for 3 yrs, finally she shot and kill her husband.

propose a proactive domestic assault intervention project

Duluth as the site for an experimental project introduce multiple inter-agency agreements to impr

ove the community’s ability to hold offenders accountable for their violence.

Background

The Duluth Model Background

March 2, 1981

The priority is always the victims safety. Launch Domestic Abuse Intervention Project

(DAIP) Adopt policies and procedures to coordinate

interventions Use legal sanctions, rehabilitation programs

and incarceration when necessary

Background

Critical Success Factors

Community consensus Resource support Trust and support Autonomous, non-profit agency and small

coordinating staff (interest free, neutral position) Small community

Critical Success Factors

The Duluth Model

A criminal justice intervention project in domestic violence cases.

A system of Networks Agreements processes applied principles

created by local shelters movement, criminal justice agencies and human services programs.

A comprehensive community-based project widely recognized as a model in confronting domestic assault

Background

Aims Advocate for collective interest of women, instead of individual case to case

To increase victim safety To increase accountability of the perpetrators To break the climate of tolerance to domestic

violence

Aims

The five core principles of intervention

Clear and specific goals provided a consistent stance

burden of confronting abusers -- the community, not the victim

individual practitioners -- cooperative, guided by training, job descriptions and standardized practices

responsive to the totality of harm Priority -- Protection of the victim basic understanding of and a commitment to

accountability to the victim

Principles

8 Essential ActivitiesBuilding a Coordinated Community Response composes of

community organizing and advocacy

Building coherent philosophical approach (Focus on victim safety) Developing “best practice” policies and protocols Reducing fragmentation Building monitoring and tracking system Ensuring a supportive community infrastructure; Intervening abusers directly Undoing harm to the victims; Evaluating the outcome (the victims’ standpoint)

Activities

DAIP Organizing Process

Talk Watch Read Work in small group Propose changes Convince policy makers Test new ideas & make adjustments Organize training Monitor compliance Document Impact

Organizing Process

Agency audit

Implementation

Evaluation

The Duluth Model (2003)

Minnesota Program Development, Inc.

1. Domestic Abuse Intervention Project

(Coordinate the Community Response)

2. Men’s Non-violence Education Class / CrossRoads Program

3. Domestic Abuse Information Network (DAIN)

4. Child Visitation Centre

5. National Training Project

Content

Law enforcement

Com. organizations

Com. organizations

Judiciary

Pence (1996). Coordinated Community Response to Domestic Assault Cases: A Guide for Policy Development . MN :Minnesota Program Development, Inc.

Medical

Judiciary

Feedback

DAIP Staff Counselor & group facilitators 911 communication centre The Police The prosecutors / probation officers Public health nurse

People in system

Feedback

Feedback

Many people think it’s wrong for a woman to bring her partner to court for abuse. It’s NOT… Court don’t ruin relationships, violence does. (MIKE)

When I was arrested, I was mad at everyone…..These classes really helped me. I can see now what I was doing and I think I can deal with my problem a lot different now. (Dave)

Achievement

comprehensive community-based system intervention

strengthened criminal justice response strong pro-arrest policy consistent sentencing of perpetrators Good victim advocacy and support Mandatory attendance Strong penalties.

Achievement

Achievement international recognition on pioneering efforts

To alter public policy To protect victims of domestic abuse To offer rehabilitation opportunities

for offenders

Achievement

Institutional change any efforts changing the socio-cultural

institution? changing the perpetrators themselves?

Criminal Justice approach? public health approach?

community prevention strategies? influence of the media? teenage?

Issue of concerns

Issue of concern

Other concerned professions

The medical practitioners ? The Churches ? The schools ?

Issue of concerns

Issue of concern

Monitoring

Professional compliance Victim safety Support to batterers

Issue of concerns

Issue of concern

Is it necessary to further strengthen the system in

responding to domestic violence in Hong Kong?

HOW? Who?

when?

Where?

What?

Websites Victim Support, SWD (www.info.gov.hk/swd/vs) E-resources, HKCSS (www.hkcss.org.hk/fs/er) Minnesota Program Development Inc. (www.dul

uth-model.org) Praxis International (www.praxisinternatinal.org) Minnesota Center Against Violence & Abuse (w

ww.mincava.umn.edu/). The Battered Women's Justice Project (www.bw

jp.org)

Websites