Vol. 7, No.1 Spring 1989

------~~~~~ DUKE UNIVERSITY MARINE LABORATORY, BEAUFORT, NC 28516

by Beth Capaldi (Trinity C., Hartford '90)

When I first considered taking a semester away from Trinity, my first thought was to fly off to a foreign land. I think many rising college juniors hear the world calling out to be explored and conquered, and the list of options is long. As I struggled with my class schedule, plans for future semesters, and career choices, I began to hear talk of a program on the coast of North Carolina. As I learned more about DUML from my advisor and up­perclassmen, who shared the .. Beaufort experience .. , the attraction of foreign study disappeared. The Duke program sounded like what I needed: an intensive semester of life science, in a new en­vironment, with new faces. Although I've only been here for one month, coming here seems one of the best decisions I have made. I don't think anyone could find a bunch of people as enthusiastic, intelligent, and .. crazy .. as this crew. I am confident that this class will uphold the familiar Doc Pearse phrase, .. work hard, play hard... We are already like family. Attending classes, going to

meals, and living so close together demands friendship, but there is something special about this group. I have had a difficult time identifying exactly what that something is. Maybe you can put your finger on it as I describe my classmates.

Robert Arzonetti (Duke '89) came to the marine lab for "the chance to take small science classes and do a lot of hands- on learn­ing ... The pre-med course load did not leave him with many elec­tives; being at the Lab is giving him a chance to experience biology first hand. Jim Baron (Duke '90) was tempted by a semester on the coast because "it sounded like a great experience". Jim calls himself an .. unidentified pre-med"; that is, he's not sure what he will do in the future.

Maria Bondura (Hood '90) decided to come to DUML to get a taste for field work and experience subjects that she could not study at Hood. 11I wanted to explore the sciences before I commit to a career after graduation... Gray Carr Bridgers (Duke '89)

cont. on page 2

c by Bill Kirby-Smith

The Cooperative Undergraduate Program in the Marine Scien­ces (CUPMS) has a record enrollment of 25 students for the spring of 1989. Wittenberg University, the program's major longterm supporter, will be sending 13 students while a relative newcom­mer to the program, Allegheny College is supplying the remain­ing twelve students.

The CUPMS program, offered April- May each year, attracts students whose home institutions do not have marine facilities. During the first five week of the six week program students work six to seven hours per day in class, field and laboratory. In addi­tion they spend weekends and the final week on independent study projects. Although the schedule sounds forbiding, the learning experience is more like a summer camp in atmosphere. All the students participate in the same activities, and the philosophy is to immerse the students in the marine environment.

The subject matter of the CUPMS is oceanography and marine biology. Since the oceans are a place to do science and not a scien­tific discipline it is essential that the chemistry, physics and geol­ogy of marine systems be understood in order that the biological processes can be fully appreciated. Approximately one third of the course is devoted to independent study. Most students choose to develop a project with a major field component. Because of the short time available, library research is not emphasized, however students are expected to place the results of their studies within

Spring Term 1989 (cont. from page 1)

plans on attending graduate school in marine biology after a year or two traveling or working as a photojournalist. She decided to spend a semester at the Lab because "it is both laid-back and in­tense ... the people are dedicated and love what they do .. .it's an ex­cellent learning atmosphere". Paige Christopher (Duke '90) plans on going into biotechnology or pharmaceuticals in the future, but for now she's enjoying life on Pivers Island. "We (the students) have become a cohesive group of individuals", she says, "I wouldn't miss being here for the world".

Bernie Cullen (Duke '89), a chemistry and Russian major, came for a semester away from main campus. After graduation, he plans on attending graduate school in political science or enter­ing the chemical industry. Maybe the Beaufort experience will change that plan .... Scott Dolich (Duke '90), another double major (zoology/history), is considering a career in sports medicine. "I don't want to tie my life down until I find that 'big picture"', he quips. Kevin Fuller (Duke '90) plans a career in genetic research in agriculture. "The friendly people and independent atmosphere" are two elements of the semester that Kevin values. Troy Gerhardt (Duke '90) was asked why he came to the lab this semester, and he replied "fishing". He decided to enroll at the lab to learn more about the marine sciences and to "get away from Duke." He plans to work in some environmental occupation.

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the contex of the factual material they have learned. They also give both written and oral presentations of their results. Over the years it is apparent that this independent study has the greatest im­pact upon the students. The actual practice of science, applying the facts previously learned in lecture and laboratory, is a new and extremely exciting experience for most students.

Cont. on page 5

Liz Rus~ell (Juniata '90) plans a career in environmental studies. She likes the "laid-back environment, small classes, in­tensive biology and warmer weather". An avid birdwatcher, her decision to study here was complemented by her hobby. Marta Sanderson (Duke '89), a native of the Beaufort area, has worked previously at the Lab, and hopes to pursue a career in oceanog­raphy.

Spence Smith (Duke '90) plans on becoming a pilot in the Navy. He came to DUML for "the outdoor, hands-on experience" and so he could concentrate on science courses. He traded the "uptight" atmosphere of the main campus for the "intensive relaxed state" that the Lab offers. Chris Spencer (Duke '90) plans to attend medical school. "Personal interaction with faculty and the emphasis of learning in the field rather than entirely in the classroom" drew him to Beaufort this spring. Buffy Turner (Duke '90) is majoring in biology and philosophy. She has not decided what she will do with her double major, but her choices will most likely reflect some part of the Beaufort experience.

Well, that's the DUML Spring Class of 1989. When I spoke to everyone about the Lab, they agreed that the "Beaufort ex­perience" offers more than other programs in the life sciences. We are pleased to initiate the second half- century for DUML and to become a part of the family of people who have grown here. Maybe that is the word I was looking for .... "family".

--1

One thing has been on Marine Superintendent Eric Nelson's mind for over 18 years: hehiredDavidL. Bunting in January 1971. We won't have that to hold over Eric's head anymore, because Dave is retiring on February 28, 1989. David originally was hired as a draftsman in the Cooperative Oceanographic Program. He began working not on Pivers Island but in downtown Beaufort at Oceanography's Queen Street Office where he worked on a variety of programs. One of the major programs he worked on was John Newton's Monitor Project where he transformed data and ideas into drawings so they could be looked at and mulled over. During this time he became a de facto cartographer, mapping EASTWARD's cruise tracks and plotting the stations where scientific samples were taken. This activity led David into another, related position: archivist for the Oceanography Program. Oceanographers like to compare historical data with data they col­lect presently to see if there are any changes in productivity or cur­rents, for example. So there is a need to have historical records of past cruises available and Dave was the person who took on this responsibility in Duke's Oceanographic Program.

However, David didn't confine himself to drafting, cartog­raphy, and archiving. He wrangled his way on board EASTWARD as a deckhand whenever he could. When he couldn't he was always there to help with the lines when

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by Joe U stach

Initally it looked as though 1989 was going to be a weak year for CAPE HATTERAS in terms of operating days, but as it turns out, this year will be relatively robust. The ship will operate for 222 days this year, up from around 175 days as late as last Oc­tober. She will sail on 16 cruises that will range from Nova Scotia to the eastern Caribbean Sea and out to Bermuda and the Sargas­so Sea. Major funding will come from the National Science Foun­dation, the Navy, and the State of North Carolina. Ship users hail from Woods Hole Ocenaographic Instituition, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Northeastern University, Old Dominion University, East Carolina University, North Carolina State University, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Duke University, University of Southern California and University of Maryland.

The ship's crew remains the same, with Dick Ogus, master; Dale Murphy, chief mate; Larry Morris, second mate; Orville Weeks, chief engineer; Mitchell Dixon, assistant engineer; Curtis Oden, deck engineer; Jay Venger, boatswain; Lester Salter, seaman; Bob Lipscomb, steward/cook; and Byron Boyer, cook/messman. There is one vicarious change in the crew: Mitchell Dixon and his wife, Debbie were blessed with a baby girl, Brittany Michelle, on January 16. Welcome, Brittany and con­gratulations Mitch and Debbie.

EASTWARD or CAPE HATTERAS left or returned from a cruise. Dave always was available for emergency trips to Norfolk or Raleigh, or any where to get equipment or spare parts for the ship. He still claims that the shortest route to anywhere from Beaufort is through Greenville!

You can stop fretting, Eric. It was a good decision to hire David. We wish David and Matilda the best in the future. We hope David keeps dealing and that all of his deals are fun, if not profitable.

EW BECKY VAN BENEDEN

Assistant Research Professor Becky received her B.S. in Biology from Wright State Univer­

sity in Dayton, Ohio. She moved to Baltimore, MD, and continued taking courses at Towson State University while working as are­search technician in Pediatric Hematology at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Ater two years, she was accepted into the graduate program of the Department of Biology of John's Hopkins Univer­sity. In 1983, she received a Ph.D. for her studies on the adaptive role of polymorphic enzymes in the estuarine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus, under the direction of Dr. Dennis Powers. She then

accepted a postdoctoral position at McMaster University in On­tario, Canada, and worked with Dr. T. T. Chen while he was on sabbatical in Dr. T.S. Papas' laboratory, at the Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Frederick, MD . They worked on several projects, including the isolation of the growth hormone gene from rainbow trout. They also cloned and sequenced the c-myc gene from rainbow trout. This was the first oncogene to be cloned from a lower vertebrate. She continued to collaborate with Dr. Papas on the molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis in fish while an Assistant Research Scientist at the Chesapeake Bay Institute, Johns Hopkins University.

In September 1988, she moved to the Duke Marine Laboratory, and married Dr. Robert Cashon, who also works at the Lab.

Her current research efforts encompass several areas of molecular oncology, using fish as model species. A Special Fel­lowship from the Leukemia Society of America supports the work on lymphosarcoma in northern pike.

4

DONALD J. GERHART Assistant Research Professor

Don grew up land-locked in the Appalachian mountains of western Pennsylvania. His distance from the nearest body of salty water seemed to magnify his interests in the sea, and somehow he developed a keen desire to become a marine scientist. To achieve his goal, Don entered the undergraduate program in earth and Planetary Science at the Johns Hopkins University, graduating in 1979. He received his Ph.D. in 1984 from the Department of Ecology and Evolution at SUNY Stony Brook, where he worked with Dr. Jeffrey Levinton. He then worked for two years as an N.I.H. post-doctoral fellow at the University of Hawaii before coming to DUML in 1987 as a Research Associate. Don was promoted to Research Assistant Professor at the beginning of 1989.

Don' s investigations focus on the evolutionary ecology of marine invertebrates. He is especially interested in predator-prey interactions involving gastropods that graze upon toxic octocorals or sponges, and the roles of aposematism and mimicry in the marine environment. In collaboration with Dr. DanRittschof, Dr. Joseph Bonaventura, and Dr. John Costlow, Don is also examin­ing the importance and mechanisms of action of marine al­lelochemicals that inhibit the settlement of fouling organisms.

Don is married to Dr. Frances J. White, who is a faculty mem­ber of the newly-formed department of Biological Anthropology.

DAN RITTSCHOF Assistant Professor

Dan conducts laboratory and field studies on chemically mediated behavior and chemical ecology. Most of the organisms studied are locally abundant, and include a variety of crus­taceans, molluscs and other marine invertebrates. Current studies include peptide pheromones as cues and the behaviors that they mediate; the evolution of peptide receptors; the chemical basis of invertebrate larval settlement and its prevention; and feeding at­tractants, stimulants and inhibitors.

Dan Rittschof was recently appointed Assistant Professor in Zoology. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. from the Zoology Department of the University of Michigan. His academic ex­perience includes stints as a post-doctoral fellow of the University of California at Riverside, as a Research Physiologist at U.C.L.A., and as a Marine Scientist at the University of Delaware. Dan first came to DUML in 1982, and has served the DUML family in a variety of capacities, including Research Associate, Research As­sistant Professor, and Research Associate Professor.

D UML Coop (cont. from page 1)

The instructor for the course is Dr. William Kirby-Smith, Re­search Associate Professor and Director of the Natural History Resource Center. He has taught the course for sixteen years and, although he may find it physically taxing, he claims that it is the mental exercise that has maintained his love of teaching.

The future of CUPMS in large part depends upon the academic schedules of the participating institutions. Seventeen years ago it was very popular for colleges and universities to have three terms instead of two semesters. As the popularilty of this schedule has waned, so have the number of institutions (a total of nine colleges over the years) which have the flexibility to participate in a course starting in late March or early April. A number of these schools have elected to continue their undergraduate terms under the auspices of the MSEC (Marine Sciences Education Consortium).

5

ADVISORY BOARD Margaret Bates (Ex Officio) David M. Barringer C. Leland Bassett '59 Charles F. Blanchard '47, L'49 Michael P. Bradley Charles Bugg '47, H'54 Robert W. Carr Arthur W. Clark Jesse Colvin (Ex Officio) F. Nelson Blount Crisp Susan S. Goodmon C. Howard Hardesty Jr. '43 Watts Hill Jr. A. Smith Holcomb '58

Amos R. Keams Jr. '58 A. William Kennon '62, L'63 Henry 0. Lineberger Jr '50 Diane McCallister Anne F. McMahon '44 William C. Powell Robert W. Safrit Jr. '31

Richard C. Seale '65 W. Mason Shehan '37 Fred Stanback '50 Katherine Goodman Stem '46 Norwood A. Thomas Jr. '55 Charles Wade Jr. '38 Stephen A. Wainwright '53

ADMINISTRATION John D. Costlow, Director

JosephS. Ramus, Acting Director/Assistant Director for Academic Programs

Joseph and Celia Bonaventura, Assistant Directors for Biomedical Programs

Dianne Gagnon, Business Manager

Photographs: Scott Taylor

Sketches: Mamre

Coordinators: JosephS. Ramus, Scott Taylor, Shirley O'Neil

WHER ARE YOU? By DUML Faculty

TODD MARSHALL, former technician for the "B 's", reports satisfaction in his new job at Baxter Labs (outside Chicago) work­ing with MARTY FARMER. That he has entered a New World is proved by a picture of him on his way to work wearing a coat and tie. Todd reports occasional sightings of BARB BLOCK, who is on the faculty of the University of Chicago. He spent five nights in a row sleeping on a bus as he traveled through Australia, visit­ing JOANN RESING and JASPER TREND ALL, among others

PAULETTE PECKOL (Ph.D. '80) is a member of the Depart­ment of Biological Sciences at Smith College. She directs the Five College Coastal & Marine Sciences Program. She just returned from a January interterm trip to Belize, Central America. Two of her students were REU interns at DUML last summer. Paulette still maintains ties with DUML, conducting collaborative research with Joe Ramus, among others.

JOHN A. COMMITO (Ph.D. '76) is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology, Hood College, Frederick, MD. After leaving DUML, John took a position at the University of Maine at Machias. Since 1980 he has been on the faculty at Hood Col­lege and Director of the undergraduate Environmental Studies Program. He continues his research on soft-sediment com­munities, studying dispersal, competition, and predation in as­semblages of infaunal invertebrates.

ROLLAND S. FULTON III (Ph. D. '82), is at St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, Florida. After leaving DUML, Rolly conducted post-doctoral research on the ecology of planktonic copepod communities at the Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, the University of North Carolina In­stitute of Marine Sciences, and at George Mason University in Virginia. He is currently overseeing the development of research and monitoring programs targeted towards improving water and biotic quality in the St. Johns River.

RONALD H. KARLSON (Ph.D. '75) is Associate Professor, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark. After leaving DUML, Ron conducted post-doctoral re­search at the Johns Hopkins University and at the Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory in Jamaica. Since 1978 he has been a profes­sor at the University of Delaware where he continues his research on the ecology of clonal invertebrates.

WAL1ER G. NELSON (Ph.D. '78) is Associate Professor, Department of Oceanography and Ocean Engineering, Florida In­stitute of Technology, Melbourne, FL. After leaving DUML, Walt had successive post-doctoral fellowships at the harbor Branch Foundation in Florida, University of Bergen, Norway, and EPA in Oregon. Since 1981, he has been a professor at F .I. T ., as­suming directorship of the Indian River Marine Science Research Center in 1987. At FIT he continues his research on the ecology of epifaunal amphipods and seagrass communities.

ANNE WAL1ER (Ph.D. '83) is an Assistant Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio.

LISA LYNCH (MS '86) presently works in the Ship Opera­tions Section of Ocean Sciences at the NSF in Washington, DC. Her position keeps her in frequent contact with the Duke/UNC Oceanographic Consortium.

6

PATRICK NG'ANG'A (MS '88) has just been hired by Richard Leakey to establish a Geology Department at the Nation­al Museums of Kenya in Nairobi. He will continue to interact with Tom Johnson in sedimentation studies in the rift lakes of East Africa.

DIANE BAX1ER (Ph.D. '83) and GARTH WARE (Ph.D. '84) are in La Jolla, where Diane took the position of Curator of Education at the Scripps Aquarium-Museum. Garth is a techni­cal writer for Xerox, in their electronic publishing department.

BETH MERRITT (MS '84) is now living in Pawtucket, R.I. with her husband CLIFF DUKE (Ph.D. '85). Both travel into Bos­ton where Beth works at the Boston Children's Museum and Cliff holds a post-doctoral appointment at Harvard's Applied Ecology Laboratory.

SHARONL. SMITH (Ph.D. '75) is in Washington, D.C. at the NSF on a "working sabbatical" from her tenured position as an oceanographer at Brookhaven National Laboratory. She has recently written a chapter reviewing the ecology of zooplankton in polar oceans for a book edited by the other Smith in her cohort (WALKER SMITH, Ph.D. '76). Sharon was recruited to Washington by former Pivers Islanders ,POLLY PENHALE (NSF) and RANDY ALBERTE (ONR).

STARR CULVER WEIHE (M.A., '61) has completed her 25th year on the faculty at St. Peters berg Junior College, Florida. In 1978, Professor Starr Weihe received her Ed.D. from Nova University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida.

ENCIK ONG KAH SIN, who was a researcher at DUML in 1968 and 1969, is now Director of the Fisheries Research Institute Malaysia, Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture.

DR. JOHN L. CULLINEY (Ph.D. '70) has recently com­pleted a Sierra Club Book entitled/sland in a Far Sea, Nature and Man in Hawaii. Culliney is concerned with the environmental impact of human settlement on this fragile ecosystem. After leav­ing Duke, John became a postdoctoral associate of Dr. Ruth Turner of Harvard University. Since then he has been living in Hawaii and has written the critically acclaimed books, Forest of the Sea and Exploring Underwater.

THOMAS W. CRONIN (Ph.D. '79) was promoted to As­sociate Professor with tenure in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. He continues to do research on crustacean vision and is currently on sabbatical in England working with Dr. Michael Land.

WALKER 0. SMITH (Ph.D. '76) is Professor at the Univer­sity of Tennessee, Knoxville, where he joined the Graduate Program in Ecology. He is active in NSF's Polar Program with in­terests in Arctic and Antarctic algae.

A FromDr. C.G.Bookhout

1988-89 Chairman Annual Fund

The goal of $90,000 for the sixth Annual Fund Drive in 1988- 89 is 15% more than the $74,000 raised in the previous year. The goal for con­tributions to scholarships, fellowships, and endowments is to surpass the $137,353 received in 1987-88. It is encouraging to note that we are well underway toward reaching these goals. (See Table below)

ANNUAL GIYING JULY 1. 1988 THRU JANUARY 15. 1989

Year Number of Contributors

83/84 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 88/89

ENDOWMENT Bookhout Scholarship Anne & Alex McMahon Blanchard Family Carson Fellowship Friends of DUML Laura Grierson Smith Holcomb John D. Costlow TOTAL

300 315 371 525 253 383

No. of

Donors 11 6 1

15 26

3 1

10 59

Amount

$17,500 22,638 28,021 61,492 32,139

$59,207

Amount Contributed 1988-1989

725.00 3,750.00 3,333.00

25.00 5,007.50

140.00 20,723.75 3,800.00

$37.504.25

We are pleased that from July 1 to January 14, 1989 there have been 383 donors in Annual Giving compared to 253 a year ago. Furthermore approximately 66% ofthe$90,000 was raised by January 14, 1989, while last year only 45% of the $72,000 goal had been reached. We thank all

I I

who have contributed to the Annual Fund and urge all alumni and friends of DUML who have not contributed to do so. The annual Fund will help us meet critical operating needs of the Laboratory-boat repairs, faculty salaries, student financial aid, and classroom supplies and equipment.

Contributions to scholarships and endowments from July 1, 1988 to January 14, 1989 were $37,504.25 compared to $31,043.45 the previous 6 1/2 months. The contributions to scholarships and endowment are 27% of the $137,353 received during our '87-'88 fiscal year. Dr. Costlow, Director, decided not to send out letters outlining the need for scholar­ship, fellowship, and endowment aid until late in December 1988. Per­haps this was because most of the endowment funds in the past have been given by members of the Advisory Board who are fully aware of the need. In Dr. Costlow's December letter he made an appeal for contributions to the Bookhout Scholarship Fund, the Rachel Carson Fellowship Fund, the Friends of DUML Endowment Fund, and the Costlow Endowment. With the exception of the Costlow Endowment, these are all funds which have received contributions from friends of DUML in the past.

The John D. Costlow Endowment was established by the DUML Ad­visory Board at its 1988 fall meeting. According to Richard Seale, Chair­man of the Advisory Board, the endowment has been designated for the use of Dr. Costlow to carry on projects he has found benefical to DUML, such as bringing foreign scientists to DUML to speak or to do research. Knowing how much Dr. Costlow values this endowment, the DUML staff and faculty contributed over $3,000 to the endowment as a going- away present to John at an open-house for the Costlows on January 13. After a sabbatical leave in Europe, the Costlow's will return to Beaufort on Oc­tober 26, 1989. Then Professor Costlow will teach and research unen­cumbered by administration.

Sponsored research conducted at the Laboratory pays for itself through overhead, for services, utilities, space and a multitude of other general use items which are essential to research. The majority of the remaining revenue comes from tuition, but the cost of maintenance and education students greatly exceeds that income. The only viable solution is to increase the funds for scholarships, fellowships, and endowments and to support the Laboratory through the Annual Giving Program. All monies contributed are credited to the Marine Laboratory through the Of­fice of Gift Records at Duke.

I hope that you will take the time to fill in the DUML Annual Giving pledge card and return it to Duke University, 2127 Campus Drive, Dur­ham, NC 27706. Your contribution will be greatly appreciated.

Friends of the Marine Laboratory

2127 Campus Drive Durham, NC 27706

Telephone (919) 684-4419 GIFT DESIGNATION Please select the designation for your gift:

ANNUAL FUN MY PERSONAL GIFT THIS YEAR WILL BE $ ____ _

ENCLOSED $ ____ , BY JUNE 30 $ ___ _

MY COMPANY, ______ , WILL MATCH THIS GIFT IN THE AMOUNT OF$ ____ .. Form enclosed.

Signature------------------- 0 Please credit $ ___ of this gift in

Class Year

Name

Address Street or P.O. Box Number

City State Zip

Thank You Please make checks payable to Duke University.

memory of --------

class of---·

0 I have included Duke in my will.

0 Please send additional information on your Bequests and Trusts Program.

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Marine Lab Annual Fund or one of the scholarships.

0 MARINE LABORATORY ANNUAL FUND

$

0 BOOKHOUT SCHOLARSHIP

$

0 COSTLOW ENDOWMENT

$ 0 RACHEL CARSON FELLOWSHIP

$

0 FRIENDS OF DUML ENDOWMENT

$

By Dr. Joseph S. Ramus, Acting Director

U.S. Science and Engineering are at a turning point. There is a global technological revolution now in progress which holds un­precedented opportunity for breakthroughs on many fronts. The nation's economic competitiveness depends on the response to challenges presented by this revolution. Yet demographic chan­ges in the U.S. threaten the needed response. There is a decline in the proportion of young people, which will continue through the end of the 20th Century. Further, there has been a decline in the proportion of young people going into science and engineer­ing. Now, only 1 in 20 college students majorin these fields, there­fore a shortage of scientists and engineers is predicted. These observations are driving the long range planning of the National Science Foundation, as well as universities.

The oceans hold the key to many global problems e.g., the failure of wildlife recruitment, the Antarctic ozone hole, the green­house effect, climatic catastrophy, famine, to name but a few. Fur­ther, the oceans hold the key to many technological break­throughs. Modem ocean science is multidisciplinary, process oriented, global in scope, and relevant to human resources and human interaction. A new generation of ocean scientists, both natural and social, must be trained to meet the challenges. They will require comprehensive training in basic ocean processes, i.e. in physical, chemical, geological and biological oceanography. There is a need for a curriculum which will teach basic processes as a common denominator, whether for undergraduate or profes­sional students, whether for litigator, regulator, explorer, educator, developer, researcher, or writer.

Duke University has made a substantial investment in the ocean sciences, and current resources include over 40 faculty, a curriculum of over 30 courses, a specialized coastal campus and a major ships program. Yet the resources are scattered throughout the University, among departments, programs, schools and cam­puses. The future of ocean sciences presents many challenges for academic organization.

These observations have led the Duke University ocean science community to a rigorous self-assessment. The process has included many, including alumni, students, faculty, the ocean science community, the University Administration and the Ad­visory Board. The result is a new initiative, the PROGRAM in OCEANOGRAPHY and LIMNOLOGY.

DUKE UNIVERSITY MARINE LABORATORY PIVERS ISLAND BEAUFORT, NORTH CAROLINA 28516

ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED

The new PROGRAM has the following elements: 1) A unification of Duke's considerable ocean sciences resources into a coherent University Program. 2) The provision of a fundamental ocean sciences cur­riculum for both professional and undergraduate students. 3) The creation of new research programs, and the stabilization of existing research programs.

An important aspect of this PROGRAM in OCEANOG­RAPHY and LIMNOLOGY is autonomy, the ability to hire and promote faculty, recruit graduate students and offer a professional degree, all while maintaining functional (and traditional) relation­ships with other academic units. The PROGRAM will create op­portunities as an "area of specialization" for a host of undergraduate majors. Finally, the Marine Laboratory will as­sume its appropriate role in the University as a research and train­ing facility serving the larger community, and as Duke University's gateway to the coastal ocean.

The initiative is proceeding on many fronts, with the aid of the University Administration and the Advisory Board. The PROGRAM has been introduced into the University planning process, specifically to the Academic Mfairs Committee of the Board of Trustees and to the Academic Priorities Committee of the Faculty. The search for the Harvey Smith Professor in Biological Oceanography is well underway, as is the search for a PROGRAM Director. When made, these appointments will be followed by the hiring of junior faculty in physical and chemical oceanography.

These are heady times! We are at the brink of a major expan­sion in quality---quality in research and education. We proceed with deliberation, knowing that what we build will serve and en­dure.

Nonprofit Organization

U.S. POSTAGE PAID

Beaufort, NC Permit No. 25