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. Research Product 85-09

M60A3 Tank Procedure Guides

ARI Field Unit at Fort Knox, Kentucky .

Training Research Laboratory

February 1985

DTIC":.LECTE-

i NOV 7 1986 , .'

U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social SciencesApproved for public release, distributi vn unlimited,

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U. S. ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

A Field Operating Agency under the Jurisdiction of the

Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel-"__

L. NEALE COSBYEDGAR M. JOHNSON Colonel, IN 7Technical Director Commander

gI. *J'b

Technical review by

Ronald E. KraemerDonald M. Kristiansen - ,..-

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NOTICES

FINAL QllSPOS lTlO , This Research Product may be destroyed when It II no longer needed. Pleai do not

return it to the U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciencis.

NOTE, This Research Product Is not to be construed as an official Department of the Army document In Its

present form. WAN

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UNCLASSIFIED '4_

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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE READ INSTRUCTIONSBEFORE COMPLETING FORM

1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBERARI Research Product 85-09 6 - /? / (b"°-:

4. TITLE (and Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED

M6.A3 TANK PROCEDURE GUIDES FINAL

6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER

7. AUTHOR(s) S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(&)

John E. Morrison

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASKARI Field Unit-Fort Knox AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS

Steele Hall _ _,"

Fort Knox, KY 40121 2Q263743A794

11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATEUS Army Research Institute for the Behavioral February 1985

and Social Sciences 13. NUMBER OFPAGES5001 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22333-5600 124

14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADORESS(if different from Controlllng Office) 1S. SECURITY CLASS. (of this report)

Unclassified,Sa. DECLASSI FICATION/ DOWNGRADING

SCHEDULE

16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of the abstract entered In Block 20, If different from Report) ,4 *'.']

1. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES -* -

Other related report is RP 85-08.

IS. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse aide i nocessary and Identify by block rnwber)

Retraining Retention (Psychology)

Army Training Performance (Human)

Job Training

M AIIITRACT (Cirmdue -m pewerue eb N e ideauif hT block nastbo"r)

-This research product presents M60A3 Procedure Guides which are designed to aid

experienced tank crewmen and gunners to remember and perform pre- and post-

operation procedures for the M60A3 battle tank. One of the notable innovations

of the Procedures is the abbreviated algorithmic format for presenting task in-"e

formation. Also, separate booklets were developed for tank commander and

gunner tasks. And both booklets were designed to be reduced and inserted into

plastic binders. These innovations were intended to make the Procedure Guides

easy to use and rugged enough to withstand the rigors of the tank environment.

DD U. Eo WOF 9 NOV 65 IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED 4.4'

i SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered) ,4

: .< ": ... ':..- .-.' .. , .- , ... . .. . . . ,.4. - . ..... . 4. - . . . .. .. ..- .. .--..-- . , . '..,-..-- .- ... - ..- ... , . . 4..- ..... .- ,. -,- .,

'A

Research Product 85-09

M60A3 Tank Procedure Guides

John E. Morrison.%- .. a%.

ARI Field Unit at Fort Knox, KentuckyDonald F. Haggard, Chief

Training Research Laboratory

Harold F. O'Neil, Jr., Director

U.S. ARMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

5001 Eisenhower Avenue. Alexandria. Virginia 22333-5600

Office, Deputy Chief of Staff for PersonnelDepartment of the Army

February 1985

Army Project Number Education and Training k--* 20283743A794

Approved for public release: distribution unlimited.

". ~iii"" -.-.

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WIT in a%

ARI Research Reports and Technical Reports are intended for sponsors ofR&D tasks and for other research and military agencies. Any findings readyfor implementation at the time of publication are presented in the last partof the Brief. Upon completion of a major phase of the task, formal recom-mendations for official action normally are conveyed to appropriate militaryagencies by briefing or Disposition Form.

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FOREThe Army Research Institute (ARI) Field Unit at Fort Knox, Kentucky, is

engaged in research and development on armor training and performance problems

related to armor weapon systems. One such problem is that the armor crewman

must perform a number of lengthy and complex procedures to prepare the M60A3

battle tank for operation and to power the tank down after operation. Although

the M60A3 Operator's Manual (TM 9-2350-253-10) provides complete documentation

on these procedural tasks, the TM is a less than ideal job performance aid for

the armor crewman who is familiar with the tasks. The Procedure Guides pre-

sented herein provide appropriate and convenient aids to help experienced

armor crewmen remember and perform procedures for the M60A3 tank. 1-7

The M60A3 Procedure Guides were developed along the lines of the MI Pro-

cedure Guides which incorporate a number of innovations. One of the more

notable innovations is the abbreviated task information presented in an al- -'

gorithmic format. Also, the booklets are specific to either tank commander

or gunner tasks. And both booklets can be reduced and inserted into plasticring binders. These innovations were designed to make the Procedure Guides

easy to use and rugged enough to withstand the rigors of the tank environment.

The armor community has demonstrated considerable interest in the Proce-

dure Guides. Both the M1 and M60A3 Procedure Guides have been adopted by theArmor School for distribution to armor units worldwide. Furthermore, the

development methodology and format of these armor documents were used by theFort Benning Field Unit to produce Procedure Guides for the Infantry FightingVehicle.

Th aD c

EDGAR M. JOHNSONTechnical Director ."

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M60A3 TANK PROCEDURE GUIDES

CONTENTS%L

OVERVIEW ... . . . .......... . . . . . . . .... .... .

Backgrnd................... . . . ........... ..

Development . . . . ................ . . . . ... 1

Features . . . . . ........................

How to Use e........... ............................ 2

APPENDIX A. TANK COMHANDER PROCEDURE GUIDES. . . . . . ......... A-1

B. GUNNER PROCEDURE GUIDES ....... .................. .. B-1

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OVERVIEW %

Background

To prepare the M60A3 battle tank for operation and to power down afteroperation, armor crewmen have to perform a number of procedural tasks.Although the M60A3 Operator's Manual (TM 9-2350-253-10) presents completedocumentation on these tasks, it provides a less than ideal job performance

aid for experienced armor crewmen. Some of the problems with the TM include: P W

e Excessive detail: The procedures are described at an inappropriatelevel of detail for the experienced performer.

* Large size: The TM is large and cumbersome to use. -;

* One per tank: Because only one TM is issued per tank, it is unavail-able to three of the four crewmen during pre- and post-operations

checks.

The M60A3 Procedure Guides were designed to address these problems by providingposition-specific job aids that are convenient and complete. N

Development

Eighteen tank commander and 15 gunner procedures were chosen to be in-cluded in the Procedure Guides. The format for the M60A3 Guides was takenfrom Procedure Guides previously developed for the M1 tank.1,2 All task in-formation was derived from the TM in order to make the Guides compatible withthe TM.

Features

Some of the more notable features of the M60A3 Procedure Guides are ,

listed below:

0 "Part . . . action" format: Task information is abridged by castingeach step in this format.

e Algorithmic conventions: Flowchart symbols are used to describebranch points in more complex tasks.

e Notes/cautions/warnings: These items which concern task performance,safety, or system integrity are identified at appropriate points in

the procedure. -

1 Silbernagel, B. L., Vaughan, J. J., Jr., and Schaefer, R. H. Development

of M1 Abrams Tank Sustainment Training Material. ARI Research Report 1334,June 1982.

.5." 2Vaughan, J. J., Silbernagel, B., and Goldberg, S. L. MI-Abrams Tank

Procedure Guides. ARI Research Product 82-09, July 1982.

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V-17-7 Q7717 -- 777 i-7-;7 -

I Identification of common subprocedures: To avoid duplication of in-

formation, common subprocedures are identified and presented as sepa-rate procedures.

9 Convenient, rugged packaging: The guides are designed to be reducedto a smaller (4y' x 7") format and inserted in plastic covered ringbinders.

* Separate booklets: Separate Procedure Guides are provided for tankcommander and gunner tasks.

a Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS): PMCS tasks arepresented in the appropriate books, and the tank conmander book alsohas a master checklist.

How To Use

The Procedure Guides are designed to complement the TH, not to replaceit. The TM is still the most appropriate reference for the details of equip-ment operation. And the TM should be used for initial training of procedures.The Procedure Guides should be introduced only after soldiers are reasonably . -

familiar with the equipment and task terminology. Additional training on theProcedure Guides themselves is also required to acquaint soldiers with its al- ..'.gorithmic style and abbreviations.

2.

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iiPROCEDURE GU IDESM60A3TANK -'.I

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GENERAL INFORMATION ,.

Thi s booklet contains M60A3 tank commander procedures guides. Each guideis for a single pre-opeiration, post-operation, or during operation activity.Each guide is matched to Th 9-2350-253-10 (Operator's Manual for Tank, Combat,Full-Tracked: 105-MM Gun, M60A3).

PURPOSE OF PROCEDURE GUIDES '

The guides in this booklet will not take the place of the M60A3 Operator's

Manual or M60A3 training materials. The guides will aid you in remembering longor difficult sets of procedures. In short, the guides will help to "jog your

memory."

USE OF THIS BOOKLET.

The Table of Contents (on the next page) lists the procedure guides in this

booklet. Each guide gives you a step-by-step outline for completing an activity.The following instructions will help you to better use each guide. .. '="..

1. Some steps within a procedure are followed by a page number. On

that page you will find a detailed breakdown of the step.

2. Some of the procedure guides include a question(s). Each questionis stated inside a diamond shape. Your "yes" or "no" to the ques-tion will show you which path to follow.

3. Some paths lead to an instruction to go to a particular step number..within a procedure. The step number is given within a circle.

J4. Some steps within a procedure guide are followed by a box. In the

box you will find more information on the step or a caution/warning.

5. Certain steps within a procedure guide require that a knob or -"

/ I\% switch be turned to a certain position. In some cases, that posi-

tion might be written like the symbol to the left. The symbolmeans that a light should also come on.

6. Master check-off lists of all before, during, and after operations

preventative maintenance checks and services (PMCS) performed bycrewmembers are included as an aid in your supervision of theseactivities. A

7. At the beginning of each procedure, 'the TM page number referencefor the procedure is given under the task name. These references

will help you if you need more Information to complete the task.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COMMANDER'S PERISCOPE M36E1

INSTALLING COMMANDER'S PERISCOPE M36E1. . . . . . . .. .. 1OPERATING COMMANDER'S PERISCOPE M36E1 . . . .. . ...... 2 "REMOVING COIANDER'S PERISCOPE M36E1 ... ......... . . 4

LASER RANGEFINDER (LRF)

OPERATING LASER RANGEFINDER (LRF)...... ............. 6

LASER RANGEFINDER SELF-TEST ....... ................ 8

RANGING AND LOGIC TABLE ...... ................ . 14LRF FIRING TEST .................... 15

BORESIGHTING LASER RANGEFINDER (LiF) ............ 16

COMMANDER'S MACHINE GUN

CLEARING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN .... .............. ... 19

INSTALLING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN .... ............. ... 21TESTING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN FIRING CIRCUIT ........ ... 23BORESIGHTING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN ... ............ ... 25ZEROING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN .............. 29

REMOVING CALIBER .50 MACHINE GUN .... .............. ... 32

PREPARING TO FIRE PROCEDURE ...... ................ . 33

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS)I .

DURING OPERATIONS PMCS ....... ................... ... 38

MASTER CHECK-OFF LIST - BEFORE OPERATIONS PMCS . . . . . . 40MASTER CHECK-OFF LIST -- DURING OPERATIONS PMCS . . . . . . 42MASTER CHECK-OFF LIST - AFTER OPERATIONS PMCS . . . . . . 43

PICTURES

LASER RANGEFINDER RECEIVER-TRANSMITTER ... ........... ... 45NETWORKS BOX .......... ........................ . 46AMMUNITION SELECT UNIT ....... ................... ... 47

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.~.. w zw~.;- - ~~'~ - - ~ .i. ~ .GUNNER:]. ~-

PROCEURE UIDE

M60A3. TAN

PREPARD BY TEUS. GUID ESEAC INTTT

6

4B-

CENERAL INFORMATION '.,

This booklet contains 1460A3 gunner procedures guides. Each guide is for a

single pre-operation, post-operation, or during operation activity. Each guide --.-

Is matched to TH 9-2350-253-10 (Operator's Manual for Tank. Combat, Full-Tracked:

105-0 Gun, M60A3).

*PURPOSE OF PROCEDURE GUIDES

The guides in this booklet will not take the place of the M60A3 Operator'sManual or M60A3 training materials. The guides wil aid you in remembering long

or difficult sets of procedures. In short, the guides will help to "Jog yourmemory."

USE OF THIS BOOKLET

The Table of Contents (on the next page) lists the procedure guides in thisbooklet. Each guide gives you a step-by-step outline for completing an activity.The following instructions will help you to better use each guide.

1. Some steps within a procedure are followed by a page number. On

that page you will find a detailed breakdown of the step,

2. Some of the procedure guides include a question(s). Each question Pis stated inside a diamond shape. Your "yes" or "no" to the ques-

tion will show you which path to follow.

3. -Some paths lead to an instruction to go to a particular step numberwithin a procedure. The step number is given within a circle.

jJ 4. Some steps within a procedure guide are followed by a box. In the .,

box you will find more information on the step or a caution/warning.

- - 5. Certain steps within a procedure guide require that a knob or

switch be turned to a certain position. In some cases, that posi-tion might be written like the symbol to the left. The symbolmeans that a light should also come on.

6. At the beginning of each procedure, the TM page number reference

for the procedure is given under the task name. These references

will help you if you need more information to complete the task.

7. Two procedures are listed for boresighting with a boresigbting de-vice (taken from TRADOC Training Text 17-12-1) and without such adevice (procedure in the Operator's Manual). Note that if a bore-

sighting device is used, the zeroing procedure is not performed.

B-2

B-2 .-

-4

t 3

iii '-.-

TABLE OF CONTENTS* Page

GUNNER'S OPTICS

OPERATING TANK THEMAL SIGHT (TTS) ................. 1OPERATING TELESCOPE MI05D ..................... 6 . . .".

COMPUTER SYSTEM

COHPUTER SELF-TEST . . . . . . . . .

OPERATIONAL RESPONSE TEST: 14............... 14RATE TACHOMETER AND LEAD CIRCUITRY . ............. 14WIND SENSOR TEST ... ....................... 21 -

MAIN GUN

BORESIGHTING WITH MUZZLE BORESIGHT DEVICE 24............. 2

BORESIGHTING WITHOUT MUZZLE BORESIGHT DEVICE . . ............ 32 ".

ZEROING 105-MM GUN .................. . . . ....... 43

COAXIAL MACHINE GUN

TESTING 7.62-MM MACHINE GUN FIRING CIRCUIT ................. 53BORESGHTING 7.62-M MACHINE GUN . . ....... ............... 55ZEROING 7.62-MM I CEACHINE GUN .... .................... 57

PREPARING TO FIRE

PREPARIN TO FIRE PROCEDURE......................59

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS)

BEFORE OPERATIONS PMCS . .............................. 64DURING OPERATIONS PMCS o...... ....................... 65

PICTURES , -.

GUNNER'S CONTROL UNIT ....... . . . . . . . . . .... ..... 67GUNNER'S SWITCH BOX/STABILIZATION CONTROL SELECTOR ....... . 68AMUNITION SELECT UNIT ......... ....................... 69

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