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Design Standards MODULE J A N U A R Y 2 0 0 5 FIRE PROTECTION / L I F E S A F E T Y 14

DS Renaissance 2005 Jan M14 Fire+Life Safety

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Page 1: DS Renaissance 2005 Jan M14 Fire+Life Safety

Design Standards

M O D U L E

J A N U A R Y 2 0 0 5

FIRE PROTECTION /L I F E S A F E T Y

14

Page 2: DS Renaissance 2005 Jan M14 Fire+Life Safety

14 - Fire Protection / Life Safety Renaissance Hotel

Fire Protection / Life Safety

Table of Contents

Subject ................................................................................... Page A. General Requirements............................................................. 1 B. Definitions ................................................................................ 1 C. Codes, References and Standards.......................................... 2 D. Systems Testing ...................................................................... 2 E. Submittals ................................................................................ 3 F. Automatic Sprinkler / Standpipe System.................................. 4 G. Fire Alarm and Communications.............................................. 6 H. Mechanical Smoke Control .................................................... 8 I. Kitchen Hood and Duct Fire Suppression................................ 9 J. Emergency Electrical Systems .............................................. 9 K. Central Control Station (Fire Command Room)..................... 10 L. Emergency Egress................................................................. 10 M. Example Diagrams................................................................. 11

Module Organization • This Module is a part of an integrated series of 17 Modules. • Coordination with information from other Modules is required. • The reference symbol <XX> is used to indicate a Module reference that

includes additional information.

Marriott Confidential and Proprietary Information The contents of the Design Standards are confidential and proprietary to Marriott International, Inc. and may not be reproduced, disclosed, distributed or used without the express permission of an authorized representative of Marriott.

Copyright, Marriott International, Inc., unpublished material. All rights Reserved

14 - B January 2005 Design Standards - Copyright, Marriott International, Inc.

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Fire Protection / Life Safety

A. General Requirements 1. Application:

• Marriott's Fire Protection and Life Safety Design Standards apply to all Marriott International Brands and owned, managed and franchised properties.

• The Marriott Fire Protection and Life Safety Design Standards include design standards, performance criteria, reference standards and life safety process verification that defines a comprehensive fire protection program. Coordinate requirements with Modules 10, 15A, 15B and 15C.

• Application of these standards to a specific project requires a design analysis to define project requirements and establish a project's unique standards compliance program. For example, a project's qualification as either a low-rise or high-rise building will significantly affect the elements of a project's fire protection and life safety program.

• When a Marriott property is integrated with or interconnected with another building, the building shall provide protection equal to the fire protection and life safety standards required for the Marriott property, as defined by Marriott’s Fire Protection Department on a case-by-case evaluation.

2. Systems: Provide the following functional systems in compliance with the listed Performance Criteria: • Sprinkler / Standpipe System • Fire Alarm and Communications • Mechanical Smoke Control • Kitchen Hood and Duct Fire Suppression • Standby Power, Emergency Power and Lighting • Central Control Station (Fire Command Room) • Emergency Egress

B. Definitions 1. Low-Rise Building: A building that does not qualify as a

High-Rise Building as defined below. 2. High-Rise Building: A building conforming to one or both of

the following configurations: • Stories: More than 6 stories (required by Marriott's Fire

Protection Department). • Height: More than 23 m (75 ft.) in height to the floor of

the highest occupiable story in compliance with NFPA 101.

Design Standards - Copyright, Marriott International, Inc. January 2005 14 - 1

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• Exception: Buildings more than 6 stories and less than 23 m (75 ft.) high (as defined above) may be designed as a Low-Rise Building except must be provided with guestroom corridor and public area smoke exhaust and stairwell pressurization.

3. Back of House (BOH): Includes areas such as employee spaces, employee restrooms, laundry, offices, work areas, kitchen, storage areas, shops, etc.

C. Codes, References and Standards 1. Application: Current edition and associated references

are the basis for Marriott's Fire Protection / Life Safety Design Standards and are applicable to all Marriott managed, owned and franchised properties.

2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards: Comply with the following: • NFPA 101: Life Safety Code (except no “horizontal

exits”) • NFPA 13: Standards for the Installation of Sprinkler

Systems • NFPA 14: Standpipe Systems • NFPA 17: Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems • NFPA 20: Centrifugal Fire Pumps • NFPA 70: National Electric Code • NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm Code • NFPA 92A, 92B: Smoke Control Systems • NFPA 96: Ventilation and Fire Protection of

Commercial Cooking Operations • NFPA 110: Emergency and Standby Power Systems

3. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Listing: Provide UL listed materials, appliances and equipment.

4. Governing Regulations: Follow governing laws, codes, and regulations that are more stringent. Refer regulation conflicts with Marriott's Design Standards to Marriott for resolution.

5. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Comply with Life Safety requirements. See the Design Standards for general accessibility requirements.

D. Systems Testing 1. Application: Before a property is opened to the public,

the fire protection and life safety systems shall be fully operational, contractor tested and approval obtained from Marriott's Fire Protection Department. In order to obtain Marriott's approval, the fire protection and life safety systems shall be operated by the contractor under simulated emergency conditions in the presence of Marriott Fire Protection personnel and the contractor shall demonstrate compliance with Marriott's standards.

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2. Automatic Sprinkler / Standpipe System (Paragraph F.): • Contractor shall flush and pressure test system prior to

Marriott's observation of the test of water flow and tamper switches.

• Fire pump shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer.

3. Fire Alarm and Communications (Paragraph G.): • Contractor shall pretest and operate system without

trouble lights exhibited. • Contractor shall demonstrate compliance by activating all

devices to set-off alarms and verifying that proper point address or zone indications appear on alarm panel.

4. Mechanical Smoke Control (Paragraph H.): • Prior to testing smoke control systems, HVAC systems

shall be contractor tested and balanced. • Public area, atrium and guestroom corridor smoke

exhaust, and stairwell pressurization systems shall be operational and tested to clear "cold smoke" so that exit signs are visible within 10 minutes of activation.

5. Kitchen Hood and Duct Fire Suppression (Paragraph I.): • Contractor shall pretest all coordinated components by

activation of kitchen hood and duct flow switch or control unit.

• Contractor shall demonstrate compliance by operating initiating devices, activating coordinated alarms, gas, electric and hood supply air fan shut-downs.

6. Emergency Electrical Systems (Paragraph J.): • Diesel generator shall be operational and tested to

automatically activate upon loss of normal incoming power and to provide standby and emergency service to operate emergency lighting and specified systems.

• Battery standby power and UPS systems providing emergency power and lighting shall be fully operational.

7. Central Control Station (Fire Command Room) – (K.): Panels, indicators, controls and systems shall be operational, tested and approved.

8. Emergency Egress (Paragraph L.): Facilities for emergency egress shall be operational and unobstructed.

E. Submittals 1. General: Prior to installation of systems, submit the following

for review and approval to: Marriott Corporate Fire Protection: • Floor plans with exiting and occupant load diagrams. • Fire alarm system diagrams, shop drawings and

equipment product sheets. • Automatic sprinkler / standpipe system shop drawings,

hydraulic calculations and equipment product sheets.

Design Standards - Copyright, Marriott International, Inc. January 2005 14 - 3

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Zurich Services Corporation: • Automatic sprinkler / standpipe system shop drawings,

hydraulic calculations and equipment product sheets. • Set of construction (contract) drawings.

2. Mailing Addresses: • Marriott International, Inc.; Marriott Corporate Fire

Protection, Dept. 52/924.36; 10400 Fernwood Road; Bethesda, MD 20817

• Zurich Services Corporation; Risk Engineering Department; 1818 Market Street, 21ST Floor; Philadelphia, PA 19103; Attn: Mr. Richard Gallagher, Sr. Risk Engineering Consultant

F. Automatic Sprinkler / Standpipe System 1. Design Requirements:

• Standards: NFPA 13 (not NFPA 13R), 14 and 20. • Water Source: Perform flow-test(s) and document.

Provide dependable source of water quantity and pressure from municipal water main or from on-site cistern or tank(s) if municipal water is not available.

• Safety Factor: Provide a 10% hydraulic safety factor. • Pressure Reducing Valves: Design system within

maximum pressure of 175 psi without use of pressure reducing valves.

• Low-Rise Buildings: Provide control valves, flow and tamper switches at each connection monitored on the fire alarm system. Locate inspector's test assembly at remote end of zone (not in guestrooms) with discharge piped to exterior drain. See example detail at end of this Module.

• High Rise Buildings: Connect guestroom floor sprinkler piping to 2 risers at each floor with a control valve and flow and tamper switches at each connection. See example "looped" riser and inspector test drain assembly detail at end of this Module. At guestroom and non-guestroom levels, locate inspector test assembly at remote end of zone, hardpiped to exterior similar to low-rise building.

2. System Application: Equip Marriott properties with complete hydraulically designed combination / automatic sprinkler / standpipe system zoned by floor. • Building Footprint: Sprinkler building areas within

building “footprint”. • Parking Garages / Decks: Provide sprinkler protection,

unless greater than 50% of perimeter is open to exterior air and not under hotel footprint.

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• Utility Spaces: Provide complete sprinkler protection in electrical, mechanical, telephone and computer rooms.

• Loading Docks and Truck Bays: Provide sprinkler protection. If subject to freezing, provide dry-pipe system.

• Freezer and Cooler Boxes: Protect with dry-type heads off of area wet sprinkler system.

• Guestroom Bathrooms: Sprinklers are not required if bathroom is less than 5.10 m2 (55 sq. ft.). Regardless of bathroom area, sprinklers are required when combustible tubs or shower or tub surrounds (plastic / fiberglass) enclosures are used.

• Closets and Pantries: Sprinklers are not required in clothes closets, linen closets and pantries within hotel guestrooms where the area of the space does not exceed 2.2 m2 (24 sq. ft.). Closets and pantries with washer, dryer, water heater, mechanical or electrical equipment require sprinklers.

• Building Exception: Sprinkler / standpipe system may not be required in existing buildings of 2 stories or less where all guestrooms exit directly to exterior (no enclosed corridors).

3. Wet-Pipe Sprinkler: Provide wet-pipe sprinklers for habitable spaces such as guestrooms, guestroom corridors, restaurants, ballrooms / meeting rooms, public and back-of-house areas.

4. Dry-Pipe Sprinklers: Provide dry-pipe sprinklers in attic and unheated areas to avoid the possibility of freezing. • Dry type heads from the wet system may be used in

small unheated areas. • Wet sprinkler piping covered with attic insulation, pipe

insulation or heat tape is not considered “freeze protected” and is unacceptable.

• Use galvanized steel pipe. • Design for dry valve trip test that provides water to the

remote inspector test assembly within 60 seconds. • Provide system with valve, trim, tank mounted

compressor, control and test valves, gauges, pressure and high / low air pressure switches and approved drains.

5. Sprinkler Heads: Fast-response 68° to 74° C (155° to 165° F), recessed, semi-recessed and concealed throughout, except where listed for a particular application as follows:

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Room / Space Head Type Temp. Rating

Attic Systems Standard Response - ventilatedStandard Response - unventilated

100° C (212° F) 141° C (286° F)

Dry-pipe Systems Standard Response - ventilated (unoccupied spaces) Standard Response - unventilated

100° C (212° F) 141° C (286° F)

Mechanical / Electrical Quick Response 68° to 74° C (155 to 165° F)

Balcony (combustible) Dry-side wall, corrosion – resistant / Quick Response 100° C (212° F)

Porches Dry-side wall, corrosion – resistant / Quick Response 100° C (212° F)

Elevator Machinery Standard Response 100° C (212° F) Swimming Pools (Indoor)

Corrosion-resistant / Quick Response

68° to 74° C (155° to 165° F)

Sauna / Steam Rooms Laundry Dryer Plenum

Corrosion-resistant / Quick Response 141° C (286° F)

Walk-in Coolers / Freezers Dry pendent Quick Response 74° C (165° F)

6. Sprinkler Coordination:

• Install sprinkler heads with the manufacturer’s minimum allowable projection from the wall or ceiling.

• Coordinate locations of sprinkler heads at guestrooms and public areas with the interior designer to avoid location conflicts and minimize appearance impact.

• In corridor ceilings, generally, position heads along centerline of corridor width.

• In ceilings with acoustical tiles, position heads in center of tiles.

G. Fire Alarm and Communications 1. Requirements: Equip entire building with a central fire

alarm system. See the Fire Alarm System Sequence Matrix in this Module. Coordinate with <15C>. • Standard: NFPA 72. • System: Provide fully point addressable, analog

system (all alarm initiating and supervisory devices individually addressable) in all buildings.

• Campus Style Sites: Provide point addressable networking that reports to the continuously attended property location.

• Testing: Provide the following at the Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP). + Disconnect switches to disable notification, audible

appliances, visual strobes, and auxiliary function points for testing purposes.

+ Alarm sensitivity testing at FACP.

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2. Smoke Sensors (Detectors): • Guestrooms, Suite Rooms and other Sleeping Units:

Provide smoke sensors with sounder bases to meet the following: + Photoelectric type sensor. + Sounder Base: Provide minimum audible alarm of 85

dBA at 10 feet; minimum of 75 dBA “at the pillow”. + Activation of room smoke sensor to immediately and

automatically sound an alarm within the room of incident.

+ System smoke sensor normal and emergency power is provided by the FACP.

+ In suites and other mixed sleeping spaces, provide smoke sensors in each separate sleeping room, in living rooms convertible to sleeping and in areas providing access to the corridor doorway. Multiple sensor sounder bases located within the same suite or unit shall activate at the same time.

• Public Areas, Corridor and Back of House Areas: Provide system smoke sensors where: + Required by governing code. + Smoke exhaust is required in compliance with the

other requirements of this Module. • Duct Smoke Sensors: Provide duct smoke sensors as

required by the Life Safety Code. Provide remote test switch and indicator light accessible from floor level.

3. Carbon Monoxide Detectors: Install CO detectors with sounders connected to the FACP. • General: Provide in rooms and areas containing fuel

burning appliances and equipment. • Fireplaces: Provide detector in guestrooms and public

spaces containing gas or wood burning fireplaces. 4. Manual Pull Stations: At Front Desk only, unless required

in other locations by applicable codes. 5. Firefighter Communication Systems: Comply with

governing code requirements. 6. Alarm Notification Appliances: Provide audible notification

appliances (speakers, mini-horns, horns, or sounder bases of system connected smoke sensors) and visual notification strobe lights in locations according to the following: • Guestroom, Suite Rooms and Other Sleeping Spaces:

Provide audible appliances in each sleeping room. In properties with separate multiple sleeping spaces such as suites and apartments, provide in each sleeping room.

• In ADA Accessible and Hearing Accessible designated Guestrooms, Suites, or Apartments: provide audible alarm and visual alarm strobe(s).

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+ Arrange strobe(s) to flash in each room or area and bathroom when smoke sensor(s) in room(s) or unit(s) activate.

+ Arrange strobe(s) to flash in each room or area and bathroom when the building fire alarm notification alarms activate.

Low Rise Buildings: • Guestrooms, Sleeping Rooms: Provide smoke sensor

with sounder base. • Accessible Guestrooms / Sleeping Rooms: Provide

smoke sensor with sounder base and visual stobe(s). Additionally provide a strobe in the bathroom.

• Public Areas, Corridors & Back of House (BOH): Provide mini horns and visual strobes.

High Rise Buildings: • Guestrooms, Sleeping Rooms: Speaker only. • Accessible Guestrooms / Sleeping Rooms: Speaker

and strobe(s). Additionally, provide strobe in bathroom(s).

• Public Areas, Corridors & BOH: Speaker and strobe. 7. Emergency Message Appliances:

• Low-Rise Buildings: Alert tone (three-pulse temporal pattern).

• High-Rise Buildings: Pre-recorded, alert and automatic voice message with manual voice communication override.

8. Annunciator: Provide point address to indicate floor, device and type of alarm. Provide annunciator(s) in area(s) monitored 24 hours by property Associates (Security, AYS, PABX room, Front Desk) in a location(s) approved by Marriott and governing authority.

H. Mechanical Smoke Control <15A> 1. Standard: NFPA 92A and 92B. 2. Building Configuration:

• Low-Rise Buildings: Mechanical smoke control may be required by Marriott Fire Protection Department, if judged that fire department access is limited or exiting is not adequate.

• High-Rise Buildings: Mechanical smoke control is required.

• Atrium: Consult Marriott Fire Protection Department for atrium smoke control requirements.

3. Application: • Public Areas: Provide mechanical smoke exhaust in

lobby, atriums, restaurants, pre-function areas, ballrooms and meeting rooms. Activate by area smoke detectors.

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• Guest Corridors. Provide mechanical smoke exhaust. Activate by area smoke sensors and by floor water flow switches (independent of each other).

• Stairwell Pressurization: Mechanically pressurize stairwell in compliance with NFPA 101 <15A>. See “Fire Alarm System Sequence Matrix” at end of this Module for sequence of operation.

• Manual Override: Include manual override controls at the Central Control Station (Fire Command Room) or designated area.

I. Kitchen Hood and Duct Fire Suppression 1. Application: Provide fire suppression system for kitchen

hoods and duct in food production kitchens <10> <15A> <15B> <15C>.

2. Suppression System: Provide the following: • Sprinkler / Water Mist System: Sub-zone off kitchen area

sprinkler main with separate annunciated flow and control valve tamper switches. (See NFPA 13, Section 3-9). + Provide the following type heads in locations of food

production kitchen hoods and ducts: Hood / Duct Locations Head Type Temp. Rating $ Cooking Surfaces / Appliances

Grinnell EA-1 163° C (325° F)

$ Plenums / Collars Grinnell EA-1 260° C (500° F) $ Exhaust Ducts Grinnell EA-1 260° C (500° F)

+ Exception: Where sprinkler / water mist head is not approved by governing authority, provide Ansul “Piranha” dual agent suppression system. Verify with Marriott Fire Protection.

3. Other Functions: Provide kitchen hood and duct system flow switch or control units of Ansul fire suppression system to perform these functions: • Send fire alarm signal to FACP. • Disconnect gas and all electric for cooking appliances

and lighting under the hood(s). (Manual reset is required).

• Shut-off kitchen hood make-up air handler.

J. Emergency Electrical Systems <15C> 1. Standards: NFPA 110, NFPA 70 and NEC 70 2. Requirements: Emergency electrical systems are required

for standby power to emergency power and lighting, and to maintain property operation in the event of loss of normal incoming electrical service. <15C>

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K. Central Control Station (Fire Command Room) 1. High-Rise Buildings: Provide at a location approved by

the governing authority. <15C>

L. Emergency Egress 1. Standards: Comply with NFPA 101, The Life Safety

Code except “horizontal exits” are not permitted. 2. Guestroom Areas Corridors: <7B> A minimum of 2

remote exits; maximum 15.24 m (50 ft.) travel distance at dead-end corridors.

3. Ballrooms and Meeting Rooms (public assembly spaces): <6> • Exit Load: 0.65 m2 (7 sq. ft.) per occupant. • Dead-End Corridors: 6.10 m (20 ft.) maximum. • Ballrooms and Meeting Rooms with areas of 32.5 m2

(350 sq. ft.) and larger require two or more remote exits. Doors in operable partitions are not considered exits.

• Provide door hold-open(s) with automatic release devices.

• Provide panic hardware on assembly occupancy doors where occupant loads are greater than 100 persons.

4. Restaurant, Lounges and Board Rooms: • Exit Load: 1.4 m2 (15 sq. ft.) per occupant. • Occupant loads greater than 50 persons, room

requires two or more remote exits. • Egress paths through Kitchen do not qualify as an

exit. 5. Multi-Use Exits: Avoid sharing stairs and exit corridors

with other properties (office, retail, residence, etc.). If unavoidable, submit and obtain approval from Marriott of alternate facilities that safeguard the property operational and security integrity. See “Multi-Use Buildings” in the Design Standards for general requirements.

6. Exit Path: Provide normal and emergency lighting and minimum 3 ft. (0.9 m) wide, hard surfaced walkway leading to a public way.

7. Exit Discharge: One half of all exits shall discharge directly to exterior of building.

8. Stairwell Doors: Doors shall not be locked from either side.

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M. Example Diagrams 1. General: The following schematic diagrams are provided to

illustrate the systems described in this Module. • Isometric of Typical Zoned Low-Rise Sprinkler System • Isometric of Typical "Looped" High-Rise Guestroom

Tower Sprinkler System • Typical "Looped" High-Rise Guestroom Tower Sprinkler

Riser Diagram • Fire Alarm System Sequence Matrix

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uest

room

s sh

all a

ctiv

ate

an a

larm

in th

e gu

estro

om o

f inc

iden

t an

d at

the

fire

alar

m c

ontro

l pan

el.

(7

) W

e re

com

men

d no

t usi

ng h

eat d

etec

tors

sin

ce fi

re s

prin

kler

s ar

e al

so a

ctiv

ated

by

heat

.

(8)

Run

and

faul

t sig

nals

. 14

- 15

Ja

nuar

y 20

05

Des

ign

Sta

ndar

ds -

Cop

yrig

ht, M

arrio

tt In

tern

atio

nal,

Inc.