DRUGS Pleural Effusion 2ndary to CAP

8/4/2019 DRUGS Pleural Effusion 2ndary to CAP

1/6

DRUG INDICATION ACTIONSIDE EFFECTS AND

ADVERSE REACTION

NURSING

CONSIDERATIONPATIENT TEACHING

Generic Name:

Cefuroxime

Brand Name:Zinacef

Classification

Antibiotic

Cephalosporin(second generation)

Dosage

750 mg

Frequency

q8h

Route

IV (-) ANST

Date Started:

June 28, 2011

Helps intreating lower

respiratoy

infectionscaused by H.

influenzae.

Bactericidal:Inhibits

synthesis of

bacterial cellwall of gram-negative

bacteria H.

influenzae

causingweakened cell

wall because ofdefective

structure thus

osmotic lysisoccurs resulting

to cell death.

Side Effects:CNS: headache, dizziness,

paresthesia

GI: stomach upset, moderateto severe diarrhea, nausea,

vomiting, abdominal pain,flatulence

Adverse Effects:GI: hepatotoxicity,pseudomembranous colitis

GU: nephrotoxicity

HEMATOLOGIC: bonemarrow depression (decreasedWBC, decreased platelets,

decreased Hct)

LOCAL: Pain, abcess at

injection site, phlebitis,inflammation at IV site

History: Allergicreaction, hepatic and

renal impairment

Physical: Skin status,liver & renal function

test, CBC, sensitivitytest, signs of

dehydration

Take it on full course asprescribed even if you are

feeling better to avoid

drug resistance.

Avoid alcohol whiletaking this drug and forthree days after because

severe reactions oftenoccur.

Avoid activities thatrequire alertness until

response to medication isknown.

Give without regards tomeals. If GI upset occurs

give with food or milk.

Instruct patient to reportimmediately to healthcareprovider if he/she

experience any side oradverse effects.


2/6

DRUG INDICATION ACTION

SIDE EFFECTS AND

ADVERSE REACTION

NURSING


Generic Name:

Azithromycin

Brand Name:

Zithromax

Classification

Macrolide antibiotic

Dosage

500 mg

Frequency

OD for 3 days

Route

Oral

Date Started:

June 28, 2011

Treatment of

mild tomoderate

communityacquiredpneumonia

caused by H.

influenzae.

Bacteriostatic and

bacteriocidalagainst gram-

negative bacteriaH. influenzae:Inhibits protein

synthesis bybinding with the

bacterial ribosomeand mRNA hence

stopping the cell to

produce moreamino acid chains.

In addition to that,it has a higher

concentration ofphagocytes which

the components ofthe drug are

activelytransported to the

site of infectionright away.

Side Effects:CNS

: headache, dizziness,vertigo, fatigue

GI: stomach cramping,diarrhea, nausea, vomiting,

abdominal pain, flatulence,dyspepsia, abnormal taste

Adverse Effects:GI: pseudomembranous

colitis, hepatotoxicity

History:

Hypersensitivity toazithromycin or any

macrolide antibiotics,hepatic or renalimpairment

Physical: skin color,

lesions, orientation,GI output, culture and

sensitivity tests of

infection, urinalysis,renal function test

Take it on full course asprescribed even if you arefeeling better to avoid

drug resistance.

Take oral medication with8 oz water at least 1 hourbefore or 2 hours after

meals.

Do not take azithromycinwith foods or antacids.






3/6


ADVERSE REACTION

NURSING


Generic Name:

Ketorolac

Trometamol

Brand Name:

Tral

Classification

Nonopioid analgesicNSAID

Dosage

30 mg

Frequency

Q8h

Route

IV (-) ANST

Date Started:

June 28, 2011

Short-termmanagement of

pain up to 5

days

It inhibitsprostaglandin

synthesis by

blocking COX-1(Cyclooxygenase-1) which results to

the reduction ofpain perceived by

the client(analgesic) and

reduction of signsof inflammation

(anti-

inflammatory).

Side Effects:CNS: headache, dizziness,

drowsiness, fatigue

GI: diarrhea, nausea,vomiting, flatulence,

dyspepsia, constipation

Respiratory: dyspnea,bronchospasm

Adverse Effects:GI: gastric or duodenal

ulcer, dark tarry stool,hematemesis (bright

red/coffee ground emesis),hepatotoxicity

GU: nephrotoxicity

Hematologic: bone

marrow depression(decreased WBC,

decreased platelets,decreased Hct)

LOCAL: Pain, abcess at

injection site, phlebitis,inflammation at IV site

History: Impairedhearing, allergies,

renal impairment;

hepatic, CV, and GIconditions

Physical: skin colorand lesions,

orientation, reflexes,opthalmologic and

audiometricevaluation,

adventitious sounds,

liver evaluation,CBC, renal function

tests, serum test


response to medication is

known.

Advise patient tominimize GI upset byeating small, frequent

servings of healthy foods.

Instruct patient to avoidaspirin products and herbs

during therapy.

Instruct patient to reportimmediately to healthcareprovider if he/sheexperience any side or

adverse effects.


4/6


ADVERSE REACTION

NURSING


Generic Name:

Hyoscine-N-Butyl

Bromide

Brand Name:

Buscopan

Classification

Antispasmodic

Anticholinergic

Dosage

1 amp

Frequency

prn

Route

IV

Date Started:

June 29, 2011

Controlgastric

secretionrelated to

abdominalcramps

Inhibits

acetylcholine

receptor sites at theautonomic nervous

system that controlsthe secretion ofgastric acids.

Patient complained

of intermittent

abdominal pain.

Side Effects:CNS: headache,

dizziness, drowsiness,blurred vision, dilated

pupils

CV: hypertention, chest

pain, tachycardia

GI: nausea, vomiting, dry

mouth, taste loss,constipation

History: Glaucoma,

bronchial asthma,

COPD, myocardialischemia, fever,

diarrhea, heartfailure, hypertension,renal disease, hiatal

hernia

Physical: bowel

sounds, urinaryoutput, adventitious

sounds, IOP, vision,bilateral grip

strength, renalfunction tests, skin

color, lesions

Take 30-60 minutesbefore meals and exactly

as prescribed.

Avoid activities thatrequire alertness untilresponse to medication is

known.

Frequent oral care orsugarless candies willsooth dry mouth.




5/6


6/6


ADVERSE REACTION

NURSING


Generic Name:

Butamirate Citrate

Brand Name:

Sinecod Forte

Classification:

Antitussive

Dosage

1 tab

Frequency

TID

Route

Oral

Date Started:

June 30, 2011

Relieve hard,dry non-

productivecough of lower

respiratoryinfections

caused by

Haemophilus

influenzae

Acts directly on thebrain cough center,

specifically on thevagus nerve, to

suppress coughreflex. It also tends

to reduce airway

resistance.

Side Effects:CNS: headache,

dizziness, drowsiness,vertigo

Other: skin rashes

Adverse Effects:CV: hypotension

GI: diarrhea, nausea,

vomiting

History: Allergicreaction, hepatic and

renal impairment

Physical: Skin status,renal function test,

CBC, sensitivity test



Instruct to take severaldeep breaths before

coughing.

Advise to avoid irritantslike fumes, dusk, or

smoke.

Instruct patient to reportimmediately to healthcare

provider if he/sheexperience any side or

adverse effects.

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DRUGS Pleural Effusion 2ndary to CAP