DROPBOX ROME HW #3TAKE OUT JULIUS CAESAR QUESTIONS YOU DID

AFTER THE ROME TEST ON THURSDAY

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1. ROMAN EMPIRE VIDEO NOTES2. ROMAN EMPIRE NOTES

ROMAN EMPIRE

I. Decline of the Roman RepublicA. After the Punic Wars Rome expanded its boundaries.

1. The rich got richer (more resources)2. The rich took advantage of the poor and gained more political power.3. More people became slaves on farms4. Migration of small farmers into cities resulted in high unemployment

I. Decline of the Roman RepublicB. The Gracchi (Reformers)

1. Tiberius Gracchusa. In 133 BC, elected tribune (leader) and passed laws to limit the rich.b. Popular with common Romans, but killed by a

mob of Senators who were afraid they would lose power.

I. Decline of the Roman RepublicB. The Gracchi (Reformers)

2. Gaius Gracchusa. Elected tribune in 123 BC

1. Used public funds (money) to sell grain cheaply to the poor.

2. Gave land to farmersb. Murdered in a riot involving Roman Senators.

II. Julius CaesarA. First Triumvirate

1. In 60 BC Caesar formed a government with two other men.2. The First Triumvirate included Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus.

a. Crassus died in battle in 53 BC.b. Concerned about Caesar, Pompey orders him back to Rome without his army.

II. Julius CaesarA. First Triumvirate

c. Caesar knows it is a trap and returns to Rome with his army d. His army crossed the Rubicon and declares

war on the Republic in 49 BC.3. The Senate makes Caesar dictator for life in 46 BC.

II. Julius CaesarB. Rule of Caesar

1. Increases the size of the Roman Senate, but weakens their power.

2. Accomplishmentsa. Gave the poor jobs, public land to the poorb. Extended citizenship to many people in new

territoriesc. Starts to use 365 day calendar3. On March 15, the Ides of March, 44 BC Caesar would

be assassinated by his close friends who feared losing power.

III. Augustus and the Pax RomanaA. Augustus became the first Roman Emperor in 27 BC.

1. Organized the government to cut down on corruption (Civil Service)

2. Imported food to feed everyone3. Improved roads and public buildings

III. Augustus and the Pax RomanaB. Reign of Augustus began the period in Roman history known as the Pax Romana, or “Roman Peace.”

1. Pax Romana would last 200 years.

IV. Impact of the Pax RomanaA. Established uniform system of money, which helped to expand tradeB. Guaranteed safe travel and trade on Roman roads

IV. Impact of the Pax RomanaC. Returned stability to social classesD. Increased emphasis on the family

IV. Impact of the Pax RomanaE. Created a civil service

1. Get government job based on skill, not on who you knowF. Developed a uniform rule of law

1. Extended Roman Law throughout the Roman Empire

TAKE OUT DATEBASE – ADD THESE TERMS

20. The Gracchi21. First Triumvirate22. Julius Caesar23. Augustus24. Pax Romana