Drone standards state-of-the-art - Data collection and ...and develop a structured overview document Support EASA and EC in the progress of a drone regulatory framework by providing

This project has received funding from European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No°824292.

AW-Drones Workshop @ EUROCONTROLL – Sebastian Cain – 19/09/19 1

Drone standards state-of-the-art- Data collection and

classification framework

Sebastian Cain

German Aerospace Center - DLR


• What we want to do…

• Approach

• Data Sources

• Structuring

• Domains

• Mapping to Requirements from the SORA

• Status of the work and way forward



What we want to do…

Data collection and analysis 1st step

Gather standards applicable to mass market drones which are

already in use or in development

and develop a structured overview document

Support EASA and EC in the progress of a drone regulatory framework by

providing an overview of available support of regulation

show documents & standards that support current approach proposed by SORA and allow conclusions on gaps



Structure of Approach

DLR

NLR

FSF-MED

TU Delft

UNIFLY

B & C

CERTH

DJI

EUROSC ITALIA

ORTELIO LTD

IAI

Delair

Overview of existing and in-progress standards

General data on documents

Categorization & mapping to reflect the affected aspect of the legal permission

(lead / coordination / basic document / contribution)

(con

trib

utio

n &

asse

ssm

ent)

Methodology for categorization & assessment of data

Data collection for assessment and selection of proposed set



Data Sources

Data Collection of Drone (-related) Standards

ANSI Standardization Roadmap for Unmanned Aircraft Sytems

ASTM UAS Roadmap

EUSCG Rolling development plan

Collection of other applicable standards (ASTM, ISO, DIN, RTCA, SAE, …)

Standards Data



Structuring of Data

Data Collection of Drone (-related) Standards

ANSI Standardization Roadmap for Unmanned Aircraft Systems

ASTM UAS Roadmap



Standards Data

Drone Category

Open | Spec | CertDomainTopic | Subtopic

Document DataType | N° | Title |

Organization | Status | Description

General DataMapping to SORA

requirements



Categorization to Domains

GeneralDesign & Airworthiness (at product

level)Avionics & Equipment OperationsPersonnel U-Space Oversight

Definitions

Classfication of UAS Operations

Manuals

Classification of Drones

Manufacturer organization

(design & production)Maintenance

Design

Production

Systems safety assessement

Electrical System

Propulsion systems

Fuel

Noise & Environment

Level of Automation/

Autonomy

Flight Control System

Management of Continuous

Airworthiness

Electromagnetic Compatibility and

Lightning Protection

Software Development &

Assurance

Emergency capabilities & Health monitoring

Structures

Flight Handling

Perfomance

Ground Control Station

General

Communication

Detect and Avoid

Navigation

Lights

Cyber-security

Instruments

Traffic surveillance (tracking)

Command and Control (C2) Link

General

Security (operator's responsibility)

Marking and Registration

Level of Automation/

Autonomy

Operator organization

C2 Link Service Provider

RPS Service Provider

Ground Handling Service

Standard Scenarios

Accident/Incident investigation

UAS-ATM (IFR above VLL and below FL 600)

Take-off/Landing zones

(Urban Vertiports)

Risk Assessment (Operations)

Remote Pilot Competence

UAS Maintenance personnel competence

Additional crew members competence

Human Factors

Instructors

Examiners

Assessors

Training Organizations

General

E-Identification

Service Providers

Tracking

Geo-awareness

Notified bodies and Qualified Entities



Categorization to Domains - Revised

GeneralInitial

Airworthiness (at UAS level)

Continuing Airworthiness

UAS Operations Aerodromes Oversight

AW-Drones Workshop @ EUROCONTROLL – Sebastian Cain – 19/09/19

U-Space/ATM Environment Personnel

Electrical System

Definitions

Classification of UAS operations

Classification of drones

Manuals Flight performance

Limitations

Structures

Design & Construction

Power Plant Installation

Noise & Environment

Level of Automation/Autonomy

Software Development Assurance

Airborne Electronic Hardware (AEH) Development Assurance

Remote Pilot Station (RPS)

Systems safety assessment


HMI

Human Factors

Cyber-security

Organization

Instructions for continued airworthiness

Systems & Equipment


ATS CommunicationDetectand Avoid

NavigationLights

InstrumentsTraffic surveillance (tracking)


Environmental qualification of Equipment(Ground and Airborne)

UAS Maintenance personnel competence Instructions for continued airworthinessPhysical Security

Privacy and data protection

UAS Operator

C2 Link Service ProviderRPS Service Provider

Standard Scenarios

Safety data collection and analysis



Take-off/Landing zones (urban vertiports)


E-Identification

U-Space Service Providers

Tracking

Geo-awareness

Aerodrome operator


Aircraft Noise Emission

Aircraft gaseous emissions

Cumulative noise around vertiports

Instructors

Examiners/Assessors

Training organizationsRemote Pilot competence

Additional crew members competence(non-regulated professions)


8



GeneralInitial






Electrical System

Definitions




Limitations

Structures



Noise & Environment







HMI

Human Factors

Cyber-security

Organization


Systems & Equipment



NavigationLights






UAS Operator


Standard Scenarios






E-Identification


Tracking

Geo-awareness

Aerodrome operator





Instructors

Examiners/Assessors




9



GeneralInitial






Electrical System

Definitions




Limitations

Structures



Noise & Environment







HMI

Human Factors

Cyber-security

Organization


Systems & Equipment



NavigationLights






UAS Operator


Standard Scenarios






E-Identification


Tracking

Geo-awareness

Aerodrome operator





Instructors

Examiners/Assessors




10



GeneralInitial






Electrical System

Definitions




Limitations

Structures



Noise & Environment







HMI

Cyber-security

Organization


Systems & Equipment



NavigationLights






UAS Operator


Standard Scenarios






E-Identification


Tracking

Geo-awareness

Aerodrome operator





Instructors

Examiners/Assessors




Human Factors

11


Human Factors


GeneralInitial






Electrical System

Definitions




Limitations

Structures



Noise & Environment






HMI

Cyber-security

Organization


Systems & Equipment



NavigationLights






UAS Operator


Standard Scenarios






E-Identification


Tracking

Geo-awareness

Aerodrome operator





Instructors

Examiners/Assessors





12


Structuring of Data

Data collection of drone (-related) standards

ANSI Standardization Roadmap for Unmanned Aircraft Systems

ASTM UAS Roadmap



Standards Data

Drone Category

Open | Spec | Cert

DomainTopic |

Subtopic

Document DataType | N° | Title | …

General Data

Affected OSOs#01 … #24

Affected GRMM1 [1…2]| M2 | ERP

AffectedARM

Strat | Tact

Categorization

SORA STEP

#9

Mapping to SORA requirements



Data collection of drone (-related) standards

Structuring of Data

Standards Data

Drone Category

Open | Spec | Cert

DomainTopic |

Subtopic

Document DataType | N° | Title | …

General Data

Affected OSOs#01 … #24

Affected GRMM1 [1…2]| M2 | ERP

Affected ARM

Strat | Tact

Categorization

SORA STEP

#9

X X XX X X

X X

X X X XX X X X X

X



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Document N° Title Organization Status Description open specific certified #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #11 #14 #21 #09 #15 #22 #10 #12 #13 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #23 #24 M1 S#1 M1 S#2 M1 T#1 M1 T#2 M2 #1 M2 #2 M2 #3 M3 #1

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ctu

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and

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loo

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inm

en

t

Co

mm

en

ts

Acc

ess

Re

spo

nsi

ble

Ass

ess

ed

5 General Classification of drones X ISO 21895Requirements for the categorization and

classification of civil UASISO TC20 / SC16 / WG1 ongoing

Requirements for the

categorization and classification

of civil UAS. The standard X X X

No clear mapping foundEuroUSC X

6 General Definitions X ISO 21384-1

General requirements for UAS for civil and

commercial applications, UAS terminology and

classification

ISO TC20 / SC16 / WG1 ongoing

Provides the foundation and

common terms, definitions and

references relevant to the X X X


7 General Manuals XASTM

WK62744

New Practice for General Operations Manual for

Professional Operator of Light Unmanned Aircraft

Systems (UAS)

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

onging

This standard defines the

requirements for General

Operations Manual for X X X X X X X X X X X X X

A draft is not available. A

preliminary mapping is

performed.

EuroUSC X

20Avionics &

Equipment

Command and Control (C2)

Link X MOPS (Terrestrial LOS) EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing

Minimum Operational

Performance Standard for the

terrestrial Line of Sight X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 "This should be a

standard similar to the

MOPS for SATCOM with

EuroUSC X

21Avionics &

Equipment


Link X MOPS (SATCOM) EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing

Minimum Operational


satellite Command and Control X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 "Since the C2 Link

is part of the UAS, then

this standard provides a

EuroUSC X

22Avionics &

Equipment


Link XMinimum Aviation System Performance Standard

for the Command and Control Link

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X X X X

MASPS define

requirements at system

(sub-system ) and not at

EuroUSC X

51Avionics &

EquipmentDetect & Avoid X

Minimum Aviation System Performance Standard

(End-to-end Requirements at system level) for

DAA of IFR Flights in class A-C airspace.

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X X

Tactical Miitgation:

Detect The DAA

functionalities include

EuroUSC X

52Avionics &


Minimum Operational Performance Standard

(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA of

IFR Flights in class A-C airspace.

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X

TThe draft is still not

available. Preliminary

mapping is made taking

EuroUSC X

53Avionics &


Operational Services and Environment

Description for DAA for DAA in Class D-G

airspaces under VFR/IFR

EUROCAE


he OSED only defines

high level requirements

and enviromental

EuroUSC X

54Avionics &




DAA against conflicting traffic for RPAS operating

EUROCAE


The draft is still not



EuroUSC X

55Avionics &



(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA

against conflicting traffic for RPAS operating

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X X




EuroUSC X

56Avionics &


OperationalServices and Environmental

Description for DAA in very Low Level Operations

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X X X X X

Tactical

Mitigation:Detect : The

DAA functionalities

EuroUSC X

57Avionics &



(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA at

Very Low Level (VLL)

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X X X X X X

A draft is not availabe at

the moment. Preliminary

mapping is made

EuroUSC X

58Avionics &


STANREC 4811

Ed. 1/ AEP-.

101 Ed. A Ver.1

UAS sense and avoidNATO

FINASpublished

To detail comprehensive

guidance and recommended

practice for the development of X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Standard: “UAV

emergency procedures

should mirror those for

TUDelft X

63Design &

Airworthiness

Level of

Automation/Autonomy X ED-252 OSED EUROCAE

WG-105published

Operational Services and

Enironment Description for

Automatic Take-Off and Landing.X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4:ATOL capability

can be included as a core

standard for certain UASs

EuroUSC X

64Design &

Airworthiness

Level of

Automation/Autonomy X MASPS



Automatic Take-Off and Landing

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X X X

Draft not available yet. A


made considering what is

EuroUSC X

65Design &

Airworthiness

Level of


WG-105published



Automatic TaxiingX X X X X X X

OSO #4: Automatic taxing

capability can be

included as a core

EuroUSC X

66Design &

Airworthiness

Level of




Automatic Taxiing

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X

No draft published.

Preliminary mapping

derived from the OSED.

EuroUSC X

67Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X OSED

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing



Automation and Emergency X X X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 Emergency &

Recovery functions can

be included in the UAS

EuroUSC X

68Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X MASPS



automation and Emergency Recovery

EUROCAE


A draft is not available

yet. A preliminary

mapping is made

EuroUSC X

97Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X

ASTM

WK59171New Specification for SUAS parachutes

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

Develop a draft standard that

defines the requirements for a

parachute system that would X X X x

with current hypothesis,

assumed to be identical

to other ASTM parachute

controlled DELAIR x

98Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X F3322-18

Standard Specification for Small Unmanned

Aircraft System (sUAS) Parachutes

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

Published

This specification covers the

design and manufacture

requirements for deployable X X X x x x x x

OPEN:

potentialy to meet 80J

threshold, but not

controlled DELAIR x

99Design &

AirworthinessElectrical System X

F2490-

05(2013)

Standard Guide for Aircraft Electrical Load and

Power Source Capacity Analysis

ASTM

F39 Aircraft Systemspublished

This guide covers how to

prepare an electrical load

analysis (ELA) to meet Federal X X x x x OPEN:

Electrical stds Not

controlled DELAIR x

100Design &

Airworthiness

Management of Continuos

Airworthiness X F2799-14Standard Practice for Maintenance of Aircraft

Electrical Wiring Systems

ASTM


Damaged wiring or equipment

in an aircraft, regardless of how

minor it may appear to be, X X x

OPEN:

Electrical stds Not

mentioned in ASD-STAN

controlled DELAIR x

103Design &

AirworthinessDesign X F3298-18

Standard Specification for Design, Construction,

and Verification of Fixed-Wing Unmanned

Aircraft Systems (UAS)

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

published


airworthiness requirements for

the design of fixed-wing X X X x x x x

OPEN:

may be considered for FT

demonstration purpose

controlled DELAIR x

115Design &

AirworthinessGround control station X



the Remote Pilot Station interface to Air Traffic

EUROCAE


OSO #4 "The design of a

UAS includes the design

of the RPS.

EuroUSC X

118Design &

AirworthinessDesign X STANAG 4702

Rotary Wing Unmanned Aerial Systems

Airworthiness Requirements

NATO

FINASpublished

set of technical airworthiness

requirements intended for the

airworthiness certification of X X X X X X X X X X X X IAI X

130 Oversight Qualified entitites XASTM F3364-

19

Standard Practice for Independent Audit Program

for Unmanned Aircraft Operators

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

Minimum requirements,

responsibilities, qualifications

for entities conducting internal X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Tthis standard can

potentially support a

high

EuroUSC X

131 Oversight Qualified entitites XASTM

WK62731UAS Operator Compliance Audits

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

–How to conduct a third party

audit program for those who

execute audits to meet the X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

The draft is not available.

A preliminary mapping is

made considering the

EuroUSC X

139 OperationsUAS-ATM (IFR above VLL

and below FL 600) XSpecifications for the Use of Military Unmanned

Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as Operational Air Traffic

(OAT) outside segregated airspace specification

EUROCONTROL published

This specification addresses

aspects of military UAV ATM,

dealing briefly with extant X X X X X X X

Standard: “UAV



TUDelft X

Domain

Ground Risk Mitigations

M1 (Generic)

M2 (Effects of ground impact) ERPStrategic M. Tethered operation

Affected SORA OSO

Technical Operational Remote crew training Safe design

Type UAS Category

Human Error

Adverse

Operating

Conditions

Document

Collision Risk (Air Risk)

Strategic Mitigation Tactical Mitigation

Operational

Restrictions

Common

Structures and

Rules

BVLOS

SOR

A

Ste

p #

9

Data Collection Document



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Document N° Title Organization Status Description open specific certified #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #11 #14 #21 #09 #15 #22 #10 #12 #13 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #23 #24 M1 S#1 M1 S#2 M1 T#1 M1 T#2 M2 #1 M2 #2 M2 #3 M3 #1

Bo

un

dar

y

Ch

ron

olo

gy

Tim

e o

f

Exp

osu

re

Co

mm

on

Fli

ght

Ru

les

Co

mm

on

Air

spac

e

Stru

ctu

reV

LOS

De

tect

De

cid

e

Co

mm

and

Exe

cute

Fee

db

ack

loo

p

Co

nta

inm

en

t

Co

mm

en

ts

Acc

ess

Re

spo

nsi

ble

Ass

ess

ed

5 General Classification of drones X ISO 21895Requirements for the categorization and

classification of civil UASISO TC20 / SC16 / WG1 ongoing

Requirements for the

categorization and classification

of civil UAS. The standard X X X


6 General Definitions X ISO 21384-1

General requirements for UAS for civil and

commercial applications, UAS terminology and

classification

ISO TC20 / SC16 / WG1 ongoing

Provides the foundation and

common terms, definitions and

references relevant to the X X X


7 General Manuals XASTM

WK62744

New Practice for General Operations Manual for

Professional Operator of Light Unmanned Aircraft

Systems (UAS)

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

onging

This standard defines the

requirements for General

Operations Manual for X X X X X X X X X X X X X

A draft is not available. A


performed.

EuroUSC X

20Avionics &

Equipment


Link X MOPS (Terrestrial LOS) EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing

Minimum Operational


terrestrial Line of Sight X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 "This should be a

standard similar to the

MOPS for SATCOM with

EuroUSC X

21Avionics &

Equipment


Link X MOPS (SATCOM) EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing

Minimum Operational


satellite Command and Control X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 "Since the C2 Link

is part of the UAS, then

this standard provides a

EuroUSC X

22Avionics &

Equipment


Link XMinimum Aviation System Performance Standard

for the Command and Control Link

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X X X X

MASPS define

requirements at system

(sub-system ) and not at

EuroUSC X

51Avionics &




DAA of IFR Flights in class A-C airspace.

EUROCAE


Tactical Miitgation:

Detect The DAA

functionalities include

EuroUSC X

52Avionics &



(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA of

IFR Flights in class A-C airspace.

EUROCAE


TThe draft is still not



EuroUSC X

53Avionics &


Operational Services and Environment

Description for DAA for DAA in Class D-G

airspaces under VFR/IFR

EUROCAE


he OSED only defines

high level requirements

and enviromental

EuroUSC X

54Avionics &




DAA against conflicting traffic for RPAS operating

EUROCAE





EuroUSC X

55Avionics &



(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA

against conflicting traffic for RPAS operating

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X X




EuroUSC X

56Avionics &


OperationalServices and Environmental

Description for DAA in very Low Level Operations

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing X X X X X X X X X X X X

Tactical

Mitigation:Detect : The

DAA functionalities

EuroUSC X

57Avionics &



(Requirements at equipment level) for DAA at

Very Low Level (VLL)

EUROCAE


A draft is not availabe at

the moment. Preliminary

mapping is made

EuroUSC X

58Avionics &


STANREC 4811

Ed. 1/ AEP-.

101 Ed. A Ver.1

UAS sense and avoidNATO

FINASpublished

To detail comprehensive

guidance and recommended

practice for the development of X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Standard: “UAV



TUDelft X

63Design &

Airworthiness

Level of


WG-105published



Automatic Take-Off and Landing.X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4:ATOL capability

can be included as a core

standard for certain UASs

EuroUSC X

64Design &

Airworthiness

Level of




Automatic Take-Off and Landing

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X X X

Draft not available yet. A


made considering what is

EuroUSC X

65Design &

Airworthiness

Level of


WG-105published



Automatic TaxiingX X X X X X X

OSO #4: Automatic taxing

capability can be

included as a core

EuroUSC X

66Design &

Airworthiness

Level of




Automatic Taxiing

EUROCAE

WG-105planned X X X X X X X

No draft published.

Preliminary mapping

derived from the OSED.

EuroUSC X

67Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X OSED

EUROCAE

WG-105ongoing



Automation and Emergency X X X X X X X X X X X X

OSO #4 Emergency &

Recovery functions can

be included in the UAS

EuroUSC X

68Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X MASPS



automation and Emergency Recovery

EUROCAE


A draft is not available

yet. A preliminary

mapping is made

EuroUSC X

97Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X

ASTM

WK59171New Specification for SUAS parachutes

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

Develop a draft standard that

defines the requirements for a

parachute system that would X X X x

with current hypothesis,

assumed to be identical

to other ASTM parachute

controlled DELAIR x

98Design &

AirworthinessEmergency capabilities X F3322-18

Standard Specification for Small Unmanned

Aircraft System (sUAS) Parachutes

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

Published


design and manufacture

requirements for deployable X X X x x x x x

OPEN:

potentialy to meet 80J

threshold, but not

controlled DELAIR x

99Design &

AirworthinessElectrical System X

F2490-

05(2013)

Standard Guide for Aircraft Electrical Load and

Power Source Capacity Analysis

ASTM


This guide covers how to

prepare an electrical load

analysis (ELA) to meet Federal X X x x x OPEN:

Electrical stds Not

controlled DELAIR x

100Design &

Airworthiness

Management of Continuos

Airworthiness X F2799-14Standard Practice for Maintenance of Aircraft

Electrical Wiring Systems

ASTM


Damaged wiring or equipment

in an aircraft, regardless of how

minor it may appear to be, X X x

OPEN:

Electrical stds Not

mentioned in ASD-STAN

controlled DELAIR x

103Design &

AirworthinessDesign X F3298-18

Standard Specification for Design, Construction,

and Verification of Fixed-Wing Unmanned

Aircraft Systems (UAS)

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

published


airworthiness requirements for

the design of fixed-wing X X X x x x x

OPEN:

may be considered for FT

demonstration purpose

controlled DELAIR x

115Design &

AirworthinessGround control station X



the Remote Pilot Station interface to Air Traffic

EUROCAE


OSO #4 "The design of a

UAS includes the design

of the RPS.

EuroUSC X

118Design &

AirworthinessDesign X STANAG 4702

Rotary Wing Unmanned Aerial Systems

Airworthiness Requirements

NATO

FINASpublished

set of technical airworthiness

requirements intended for the

airworthiness certification of X X X X X X X X X X X X IAI X

130 Oversight Qualified entitites XASTM F3364-

19

Standard Practice for Independent Audit Program

for Unmanned Aircraft Operators

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

Minimum requirements,

responsibilities, qualifications

for entities conducting internal X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Tthis standard can

potentially support a

high

EuroUSC X

131 Oversight Qualified entitites XASTM

WK62731UAS Operator Compliance Audits

ASTM

F38 Unmanned

Aircraft Systems

ongoing

–How to conduct a third party

audit program for those who

execute audits to meet the X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

The draft is not available.

A preliminary mapping is

made considering the

EuroUSC X

139 OperationsUAS-ATM (IFR above VLL

and below FL 600) XSpecifications for the Use of Military Unmanned

Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as Operational Air Traffic

(OAT) outside segregated airspace specification

EUROCONTROL published

This specification addresses

aspects of military UAV ATM,

dealing briefly with extant X X X X X X X

Standard: “UAV



TUDelft X

Domain

Ground Risk Mitigations

M1 (Generic)

M2 (Effects of ground impact) ERPStrategic M. Tethered operation

Affected SORA OSO

Technical Operational Remote crew training Safe design

Type UAS Category

Human Error

Adverse

Operating

Conditions

Document

Collision Risk (Air Risk)


Operational

Restrictions

Common

Structures and

Rules

BVLOS

SOR

A

Ste

p #

9

Cat

ego

ry

General Data Mapping to SORA Editorial

Data Collection Document



Cat

ego

ry


Data Collection Document – Example


F3330 - 18Standard Specification for Training and the Development of Training Manuals for the UAS Operator

ASTM published

1.1 This specification defines the requirements for training and the development of training manuals for the unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) operator.…


Cat

ego

ry





ASTM

UAS Category

open specific certified

X X

Domain

Domain Subtopic

Personnel Remote Pilot competence


Cat

ego

ry




Affected SORA OSO

Technical OperationalRemote crew

trainingSafe

design

Det

eri

ora

tio

n o

f ex

tern

al s

yste

ms

sup

po

rtin

g U

AS

op

era

tio

n

Human ErrorAdverse

Operating Conditions

#01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #11 #14 #21 #09 #15 #22 #10 #12 #13 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #23 #24

Ensu

re t

he

op

erat

or

is

com

pet

ent a

nd

/or

pro

ven

UA

S m

anu

fact

ure

d b

y co

mp

eten

t an

d/o

r p

rove

n

enti

ty

UA

S m

ain

tain

ed b

y co

mp

eten

t an

d/o

r p

rove

n

enti

ty

UA

S d

eve

lop

ed t

o

auth

ori

ty r

eco

gniz

ed

des

ign

sta

nd

ard

s

UA

S is

des

ign

ed

con

sid

erin

g sy

stem

saf

ety

an

d r

elia

bili

ty

C3

lin

k ch

arac

teri

stic

s (e

.g.

per

form

ance

, sp

ectr

um

u

se)

are

app

rop

riat

e fo

r th

e o

per

atio

n

Insp

ecti

on

of

the

UA

S (p

rod

uct

insp

ecti

on

) to

en

sure

co

nsi

sten

cy t

o t

he

Co

nO

ps

Op

erat

ion

al p

roce

du

res

are

def

ined

, val

idat

ed a

nd

ad

her

ed t

o (

to a

dd

ress

te

chn

ical

issu

es w

ith

th

e U

AS)

Pro

ced

ure

s ar

e in

-pla

ce to

h

and

le t

he

det

erio

rati

on

o

f ex

tern

al s

yste

ms

sup

po

rtin

g U

AS

op

erat

ion

Op

erat

ion

al p

roce

du

res

are

def

ined

, val

idat

ed a

nd

ad

her

ed t

o (

to a

dre

ssh

um

an e

rro

rs)

Op

erat

ion

al p

roce

du

res

are

def

ined

, val

idat

ed a

nd

ad

her

ed t

o (

to a

dd

ress

A

dve

rse

Op

erat

ing

Co

nd

itio

ns)

Rem

ote

cre

w t

rain

ed a

nd

cu

rren

t an

d a

ble

to

co

ntr

ol

the

abn

orm

al a

nd

em

erge

ncy

sit

uat

ion

s (i

.e.

Tech

nic

al is

sue

wit

h t

he

UA

S)

Rem

ote

cre

w t

rain

ed a

nd

cu

rren

t an

d a

ble

to

co

ntr

ol

the

abn

orm

al a

nd

em

erge

ncy

sit

uat

ion

s (i

.e.

Hu

man

Err

or)

The

rem

ote

cre

w is

tr

ain

ed t

o id

enti

fy c

riti

cal

envi

ron

men

tal c

on

dit

ion

s an

d t

o a

void

th

em

Safe

rec

ove

ry fr

om

te

chn

ical

issu

e

The

UA

S is

des

ign

ed t

o

man

age

th

e d

eter

iora

tio

n

of

exte

rnal

sys

tem

s su

pp

ort

ing

UA

S o

per

atio

n

Exte

rnal

ser

vice

s su

pp

ort

ing

UA

S o

per

atio

ns

are

adeq

uat

e to

th

e o

per

atio

n

Mu

lti c

rew

co

ord

inat

ion

Rem

ote

cre

w is

fit

to

o

per

ate

Au

tom

atic

pro

tect

ion

of

the

flig

ht e

nve

lop

e fr

om

h

um

an e

rro

rs

Safe

rec

ove

ry fr

om

H

um

an E

rro

rA

Hu

man

Fac

tors

ev

alu

atio

n h

as b

een

p

erfo

rmed

an

d t

he

Hu

man

-Mac

hin

e In

terf

ace

(H

MI)

fou

nd

ap

pro

pri

ate

for

the

mis

sio

n

Envi

ron

men

tal c

on

dit

ion

s fo

r sa

fe o

per

atio

ns

def

ined

, mea

sura

ble

an

d

adh

ered

to

UA

S d

esig

ned

an

d

qu

alif

ied

for

adve

rse

envi

ron

men

tal c

on

dit

ion

s (e

.g. a

deq

uat

e se

nso

rs,

DO

-160

qu

alif

icat

ion

)

X X X X X X X


ASTM


Cat

ego

ry




Ground Risk Mitigations Collision Risk (Air Risk)

SOR

A

Ste

p #

9

M1 (Generic)

M2 (Effects of ground impact)

ERP


Strategic M.Tetheredoperation

Operational Restrictions

Common Structuresand Rules

VLOS BVLOS

M1 S#1 M1 S#2 M1 T#1 M1 T#2 M2 #1 M2 #2 M2 #3 M3 #1

Bo

un

dar

y

Ch

ron

olo

gy

Tim

e o

fEx

po

sure

Co

mm

on

Fl

igh

t R

ule

sC

om

mo

n

Air

spac

eSt

ruct

ure

VLO

S

Det

ect

De

cid

e

Co

mm

and

Exe

cute

Fee

db

ack

loo

p

Co

nta

inm

ent

Def

init

ion

of

the

gro

un

d r

isk

bu

ffer

Eval

uat

ion

of

peo

ple

at

risk

Tech

nic

al D

esgi

no

fte

ther

Pro

ced

ure

s fo

r te

ther

inst

alla

tio

n

& c

on

tro

l

Tech

nic

al D

esig

n

for

gro

un

d im

pac

t

Pro

ced

ure

sfo

req

uip

men

tin

stal

lati

on

Trai

nin

g fo

r gr

ou

nd

im

pac

t m

easu

res

Emer

gen

cy

Res

po

nse

Pla

n

Mit

igat

ion

s th

at

bo

un

d t

he

geo

grap

hic

al

volu

me

in w

hic

h

the

UA

S o

per

ates

Mit

igat

ion

s th

at

bo

un

d t

he

op

erat

ion

al t

ime

fram

e

Mit

igat

ion

s th

at

bo

un

d t

he

tim

e o

f ex

po

sure

Mit

igat

ion

s b

y se

ttin

g a

com

mo

n

set

of

rule

s w

hic

h

all a

irsp

ace

use

rs

mu

st c

om

ply

wit

hM

itig

atio

ns

by

by

con

tro

llin

g th

e ai

rsp

ace

infr

astr

uct

ure

th

rou

gh, p

hys

ical

ch

arac

teri

stic

s,

pro

ced

ure

s, a

nd

te

chn

iqu

es

Tact

ical

mit

igat

ion

w

ith

th

e re

mai

nin

g w

ell c

lear

an

d

avo

idin

g co

llisi

on

s re

qu

irem

en

tsD

efin

e D

etec

tio

n

wit

h a

deq

uat

e p

reci

sio

n f

or

the

avo

idan

ce

man

oeu

vre

(AR

C-a

to

AR

C-d

) D

efin

e D

ecid

e w

ith

ad

equ

ate

pre

cisi

on

fo

r th

e av

oid

ance

m

ano

euvr

e(A

RC

-a

to A

RC

-d)

Def

ine

Co

mm

and

w

ith

ad

equ

ate

pre

cisi

on

fo

r th

e av

oid

ance

m

ano

euvr

e(A

RC

-a

to A

RC

-d)

Def

ine

Exec

ute

w

ith

ad

equ

ate

pre

cisi

on

fo

r th

e av

oid

ance

m

ano

euvr

e(A

RC

-a

to A

RC

-d)

Def

ine

fee

db

ack

loo

p w

ith

ad

equ

ate

pre

cisi

on

fo

r th

e av

oid

ance

m

ano

euvr

e(A

RC

-a

to A

RC

-d)

Co

nta

inm

ent

req

uir

eme

nts

fo

r ad

jace

nt

airs

pac

e an

d a

rea

con

sid

ered

X


ASTM


Cat

ego

ry





ASTM

Co

mm

en

ts

Acc

ess

Re

spo

nsi

ble

Ass

ess

ed

This specification defines the requirements for training and the development of training manuals for the unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) operator. The standard includes requirements or best practices, or both, for documentation and organization of a professional operator (that is, for compensation and hire) for the purposes of internal training programs.The standard may cover the development of a training syllabus that includes Multi Crew coordination

controlled DBL X


Status

Currently >600 documents in the table

~50% of documents mapped

Feedback from partners & EASA experts

Progress

Data collection

Data mapping to SORA

Adaption to new proposed Domain system

Data assessment (first step)

Current Status



Thank you!

Sebastian Cain

German Aerospace Center DLR

Lilienthalplatz 7, D-38108 Brunswick

[email protected]


Documents

Drone standards state-of-the-art - Data collection and ...and develop a structured overview document Support EASA and EC in the progress of a drone regulatory framework by providing