Dr.NISHI MITTAL · Dr.NISHI MITTAL [email protected] Head, Traffic Engineering & Safety Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1. BIBLE

By

Dr.NISHI MITTAL

[email protected]@gmail.com

Head, Traffic Engineering & Safety

Central Road Research Institute,

New Delhi, India

1CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE

BIBLE QUOTES:

GIVE AND IT WILL

BE GIVEN TO YOUBE GIVEN TO YOU

CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 2

Not Sharing Is Not Good ForAnyone


Road Safety Situation

�Highest number of fatalities in the world�Around 1,20,000 fatalities per year�Proportion of fatal accidents has

increased from 17.6% in 2001 to 20.4%increased from 17.6% in 2001 to 20.4%in 2006.

�Accident severity has increased from19.9 in 2001 to 22.9 in 2006


Who are Getting Killed in India?

�Like other Asian and African countries,the non -motorised transport (NMT) roadusers consisting of pedestrians, cyclistsand other slow moving riders 60-80%.


Magnitude of Walking Trips in India”

�Little organized data is available .�Walking trips formed around 32% of all

trips in Delhi (1994 ).60

0

10

20

30

40

50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Population in million

Percentage of Walking

trips


�Share of walk trips in bigger cities(More than 10 million population) isquite substantial .quite substantial .

�Mumbai 52 %, Ahmedabad cyclingand Walking 54%, Chennai 27 %.


Profile of Walkers

�Walking is the mode for the poor�Mode of disrepute�Pedestrians come from unauthorized

colonies, slum clusters and low -incomeareasareas

�They even cannot afford publictransport fares

�Mostly laborers, students, housewivesetc.


Pedestrian Facilities in India

�Pedestrian facilities are awfully lacking�In Delhi, capital of India, 40 % roads do

not have footpaths�Provided sidewalks are too high, ill�Provided sidewalks are too high, ill

maintained and blocked by parkedvehicles, civic utilities, hoardings,vendors etc .



11contd…CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Crossing Facilities

April, 2008 Study on “Pedestrian Safetyat Urban Intersections in Delhi revealed

�No pedestrian signal�Very few pedestrians refuge islands�Very few pedestrians refuge islands�Zebra crossings missing�Lack of subways or poor design�Inadequate crossing time


Crossing Facilities



Findings of Opinion Surveys

�90% felt unsafe while crossing�Reasons :

• Allotted crossingtime inadequate (65%)

10%10%

WAITING TIME IS TOO LONG

MOTORISTS WILL TAKE CARE OF

HABITUAL TO DO time inadequate (65%)

• Inadequate width offootpaths (73%)• Too high to climb up (64%)• Encroached (81%)

15

80%

REASONS FOR TAKING RISK WHILE CROSSING

L TO DO SO

CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE

�Road Safety Audits carried out byCRRI, New Delhi at various stages ofthe project for up -gradation ofNational Highways revealed thatNational Highways revealed thatthere were no adequate pedestrianfootpaths provided or proposedwhen these passed throughhabitated areas.


Subways Provided are

� Unattractive to see� Be accessed by steps� Not disabled friendly� Require a significant

diversion from directwalking routewalking route

� Poorly maintained� Personal security not

provided


Motorists Are Not Sharing

The Road With PedestriansThe Road With Pedestrians


�Pedestrian Facilities are notplanned and provided

�Roads are widened at the expense�Roads are widened at the expenseof cutting down pedestrian facilities

�Provided ones are taken away bymotorists and other non -transportusers


Impact of Not Sharing the Road with Pedestrians

ROAD FATALITIES AND INJURIES

�Pedestrians accountfor 40-45% fatalitiesfor 40-45% fatalities

�Mumbai 75%, Kolkata 90%


Poverty & Road Safety�Study by CRRI (1991) revealed that

pedestrians accounted for 45% of total roaddeaths in Delhi and 84% of them were poor.

� 55% of them were unaware of the existingprovisions of the compensation law and noone could get any ex-gratia grant within twoone could get any ex-gratia grant within twoyears of accident.

�Study in Bangalore revealed that over 7 outof 10 poor families suffered a decrease intotal household income after a member waskilled or seriously injured .


National Economic Costs

�Road crashes are costing 3% of GDP�Most productive age group people (15-44

years) are killed in road accidents�Because of scarcity of good rehabilitation

care facilities and lack of aids for thedisabled, road crash victims face greaterlack of access and employmentopportunities

�Social suffering is increasing



Inequalities of Transport and Social Unrest

� Inequalities of transportare increasing

� Women, elderly, poor,Disabled, Children are theworst sufferers as theyworst sufferers as theywalk or cycle down anduse public transport

� Long term social,economic psychologicaleffects



Congestion �Due to non -provision of pedestrian facilities

and non -segregation of non -motorizedtraffic, congestion problem is increasing atinhabitated sections of National and StateHighways and roads with heavy pedestrianvolumesvolumes



Suggested Measures

� Share the Road space withPedestrians

� Plan for pedestrian facilities likesideways, non- motorized lanes,subways, underpasses, NMTcrossings.

� RSA can ensure that the road� RSA can ensure that the roadspace is shared at appropriatestages of project in a cost –effective way

� Check for provision for pedestrianfacilities at each stage of Projectdesign and implementation stages


Traffic Calming �Speeds are to be reduced at

certain locations, particularly atinhabitated areas, urban areasand near schools, markets andand near schools, markets andfactories


Traffic Segregation

�Motor Vehicle segregation can bethrough time or space separation

�Quality and space of pedestrian�Quality and space of pedestrianfacilities should be according to theirneeds and at par with those ofmotorists.


Conclusions

�To have sustainable safe and equitabledevelopment, highway engineers and plannersmust ensure that motoristsget their shareof theroad space with pedestrians.

�Not doing so will have far-reaching effectsglobally, in efforts to combat the universalmenace of avoidable roadaccidents.



Documents

Dr.NISHI MITTAL · Dr.NISHI MITTAL [email protected] Head, Traffic Engineering & Safety Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India CENTRAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1. BIBLE