Dr.K.C.DAS HEAD PG Dept. of Library & Inf. Science Utkal ...library.kiit.ac.in/pdf/pdf_presentation/Impact_of_Cloud_Computing_o… · nor where the hosting device is located the service

Dr.K.C.DAS HEAD

PG Dept. of Library & Inf. Science Utkal University, Vani Vihar,Bhubaneswar

17 April 2013

Dr. K. C. Das HOD, PG Dept. of Lib & Inf.Sc., Utkal

University,Bhubaneswar 2

There is potential for a lot of confusion surrounding the definition of cloud computing. In its basic conceptual form, cloud computing involves five primary fundamentals: shared resources, on-demand, elasticity, networked access, and usage-based metering.

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Shared resources are the shared pool of IT resources,

such as applications, processors, storage and databases.

On-Demand allows users to call up resource from the cloud and use them as needed. When the user is

finished with the resources they release them in a self-service fashion.

Elasticity, or flexibility that includes scalability, allows the cloud to be dynamic to the users demands allowing the cloud to satisfy peak demands and then

release resources when demand subsides. Networked access allows the cloud to be accessible

widely, primarily though the internet. Lastly, the usage-based metering allows users of the

cloud to pay for the services when needed and used and to release them when they are no longer need, resulting in many benefits including cost and storage efficiency.

The foundation of cloud computing is virtualization .Virtualization is the consolidation of servers and environment management.

Cloud Computing can be defined as “A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”

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University,Bhubaneswar

- the Fifth Generation of Computing (after Mainframe, Personal Computer, Client-Server Computing, and the web) - the biggest thing since the web?

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"Cloud Computing," to put it simply, means "Internet Computing." The Internet is commonly visualized as clouds; hence the term “cloud computing” for computation done through the Internet. With Cloud Computing users can access database resources via the Internet from anywhere, for as long as they need, without worrying about any maintenance or management of actual resources.

http://dotnetslackers.com/articles/sql/Introduction-to-Cloud-

Computing.aspx

DACUN Library

Committee

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http://dotnetslackers.com/articles/sql/Introduction-to-Cloud-Computing.aspx








“Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand through the Internet”

DACUN Library

Committee

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“… means using Web services for our computing needs which could include using software applications, storing data, accessing computing power, or using a platform to build applications. “

Ellyssa Kroski -- Library Journal, 09/10/2009

Ellyssa Kroski Library Journal, 09/10/2009

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Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet.

These services are broadly divided into three categories: Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS).

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http://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,290660,sid201_gci1358983,00.html

http://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid201_gci1332892,00.html

http://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,290660,sid201_gci1170781,00.html

McKinsey: “Clouds are hardware-

based services offering compute, network and storage capacity where:

Hardware management is highly abstracted from the buyer, Buyers incur infrastructure costs as variable OPEX (operational expenditure), and

Infrastructure capacity is highly elastic”

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“…is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (for ex., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.“

Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology

(NIST)

17 April 2013 12 Dr. K. C. Das HOD, PG Dept. of Lib & Inf.Sc.,

Utkal University,Bhubaneswar

FZI (Jens Nimis): ”Building on compute and

storage virtualization, cloud computing provides scalable, network-centric, abstracted IT infrastructure, platforms, and applications as on-demand services that are billed by consumption.”

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Source: IDC October 2008 17 April 2013 14



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it is delivered over a telecommunications network users place reliance on the service for data

access and/or data processing the data is under the legal control of the user some of the resources on which the service

depends are virtualised, i.e. the user doesn’t need any technical awareness about which server is running or which host is delivering the service, nor where the hosting device is located the service is acquired under a relatively flexible contractual arrangement

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On-demand self-service (i.e. automated response by servers to direct requests by clients)

Broad network access (i.e. from anywhere, using any device)

Resource pooling (i.e. the provider allocates resources according to demand, rather than assigning resources to particular clients)

Rapid elasticity (i.e. resources are scalable according to demand)

Measured service (i.e. resource usage is metered)

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Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).

The user does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.

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PaaS provides an application platform, or middleware, as a service on which developers can build and deploy custom applications. Common solutions provided in this tier range from APIs and tools to database and business process management systems to security integration, allowing developers to build applications and run them on the infrastructure that the cloud vendor owns and maintains.

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It is the capability provided to the user to enable processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the user is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The user does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components.

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Public clouds computing environment are open for use to anyone who wants to sign up and use them. These are run by vendors and applications from different customers are likely to be mixed together on the cloud’s servers, storage systems, and networks.

Examples of a public cloud: Amazon Web Services and Google's AppEngine

Source: Wikipedia

17 April 2013 23 Dr. K. C. Das HOD, PG Dept. of Lib & Inf.Sc.,

Utkal University,Bhubaneswar

A private cloud is basically an organization that needs more control over their data than they can get by using a vendor hosted service.

A hybrid cloud combine both public and private cloud models.

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Google

IBM

Microsoft

Amazon MOSSO

Force.com

Cordys

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1. Assured maximum availability of your data, application and infrastructure

2. Need to pay only for what has been used (i.e. Bandwidth, Resources)

3. Relieves burden of IT staff within organization, as routine jobs are being handled by service providers

4. Easily scalable as per requirement of organization Another benefit of cloud computing is that it addresses

resource management in profoundly better ways. Through a cloud computing environment users can save and eliminate cost in services, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Reducing cost is one of the major attractions to cloud

computing. Lastly, the new resources requested by a user can be delivered much faster.

General disadvantages of cloud are dependency upon network connectivity, security, legal issues(ownership of data), latency etc. which needs to be carefully reviewed.

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Most common library services can be scoped in to following three categories.

Data: Bibliographic, Technical, Access, Licence

Content: Collection, Subscription, Digital, Print, Publishing.

Services: Library as a place, content-access, content-creation, research, preservation

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There are very few libraries which are having IT support staff with expertise on advance IT management. This situation makes SaaS, PaaS or IaaS approach tempting to move towards cloud computing for providing better library services.

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Libraries have been adopting cloud-based solutions services like electronic journal access management, statistics tracking, digital library hosting and now trend is coming up for hosted library management systems.

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The use of SaaS in libraries dates back to early 2000 with the establishment of companies like Serials Solutions (http://serialssolutions.com).

There are also examples of availability of hosting platforms like INFLIBNET’s OJAS (Open Journal

Academic System) available at http:/www.inflibnet.ac.in/ojs/, For Institutional repositories there is http://duracloud.org/, for open publishing http://www.biomedcentral.com/ is a well-known platform.

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In the IaaS, one of the pioneer i.e Amazon Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2) offers IT infrastructure with differently sized servers using a choice of operating systems, including several flavours of Linux and Windows.

EC2 provides organizations with unlimited storage using Simple Storage Service(S3), the ability to take snapshots of both data and servers, and the ability to include EC2 servers in an organization’s private network. A full catalogue of EC2 features is available on the EC2 website (http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/).

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By using cloud technologies, library services can be made online without worrying about correct versions of platforms or the underlying technology.

It also gives facility to induce new applications quickly without having to focus on identifying available server space or configuration and IT-based library services can be delivered much more quickly than when using locally-based hardware or software.

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Cloud computing reduce energy consumption significantly. The 1000 plus US government data centers, for example, were consuming 6 billion kWh of energy in 2006, and if left unchecked, the consumption can be more than double by 2013.

Cloud computing involves centralizing the computing resources on the Internet (the cloud) and making these available to those who need it, when needed. Because the resources are shared by many, capacity utilization goes up. And modern developments like virtualization can make the same resources available to multiple users "simultaneously," thus reducing the need for physical resources even further.

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At the micro level, enterprises that used cloud computing services are freed of worrying about the technological issues related to IT installations. They can replace their complex installations of servers, workstations, networking and numerous applications with simple workstation computers and fast Internet connectivity. The cloud service providers will attend to the infrastructure, platforms and even applications needed by the enterprises.

Cloud computing resources are available immediately as soon as the agreement with the service provider is executed. Under the utility model of service provision, users are charged only for what they use, for the memory, CPU, data transfer, I/O requests, storage space and so on. As the business expands, the enterprises can seamlessly expand their computing capacities.

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Universities can open their technology infrastructures to businesses and industries for research advancements;

The efficiencies of cloud computing can help universities keep pace with ever-growing resource requirements and energy cost;

The extended reach of cloud computing enables institutions to teach students in new, different ways and help them manage projects and massive workloads; and

When students enter the global workforce they will better understand the value of new technologies.

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Cloud computing has brought us a new

perspective to look at the current resource-sharing problem, cloud computing can be applied to digital library resources to improve information sharing capabilities, improve resource utilization.

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“Cloud computing” is emerging as a relevant computing paradigm aiming to be the technology that will mark the difference between Web2.0 and Web3.0.

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Software as a Subscription Reduced Software Maintenance Increased

Reliability Increased

Scalability

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Cost Reduction Environmentally Friendly Matches Current Computing Trends Portability/Accessibility Efficient Use of Computer Resources Versionless Software

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Cost savings Flexibility and innovation Broad, general IT skills vs. deep, specialized skills

Cloud OPAC and Cloud ILS Private clouds, hybrid clouds and community clouds

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Companies have to pick and choose and be careful with what data they allow to be out there in a cloud. Cloud computing can be a useful resource to help companies save money but can also have downfalls. The average citizen doesn't want their personal information unprotected and available. As companies perfect their cloud computing services, I think that more companies will be open to using these services. This service will provide new inventive ways to use computers and provide services.

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Companies have to pick and choose and be

careful with what data they allow to be out there in a cloud. Cloud computing can be a useful resource to help companies save money but can also have downfalls. The average citizen doesn't want their personal information unprotected and available. As companies perfect their cloud computing services, I think that more companies will be open to using these services. This service will provide new inventive ways to use computers and provide services

Thanks for Patience

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Documents

Dr.K.C.DAS HEAD PG Dept. of Library & Inf. Science Utkal ...library.kiit.ac.in/pdf/pdf_presentation/Impact_of_Cloud_Computing_o… · nor where the hosting device is located the service