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Drill: Name the following + 2 isomers. F. F. OH. Name:. O. I. SH. H. F. Addition Reactions. Addition Reactions. Reactions in which more atoms are added to an alkene or alkyne. Halogenation. Reactions in which halogens are added to an alkene or alkyne. Halogens. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Drill: Name the following + 2 isomers
F F
OH
Name:
SH I
F
O
H
Addition Reactions
Addition Reactions
•Reactions in which more atoms are
added to an alkene or alkyne
Halogenation
•Reactions in which halogens are added
to an alkene or alkyne
Halogens•Elements from
column 7A or column 17
•F, Cl, Br, & I
Halogenation
C=C + X-Y -C-C-
X Y
Halogenation
C=C + IBr H-C-C-H
I BrH
H
H
HH H
Predict Product
C=C + ICl
H
H
CH3
H
Drill: Draw the reactants, then
predict, draw, & name the products
when Cl2 is added to trans-2-pentene:
CH3
CHCH
CH2
CH3
ClCl
CH3
CHCH
CH2
CH3
ClCl
CH3
CHCH
CH2
CH3
ClCl
CH3
CHCH
CH2
CH3
Cl
Cl
Pentyl-2,3-dichloride
Hydrohalogenation
•Reactions in which hydrogenhalides are added to an alkene or
alkyne
Hydrohalogenation
C=C + H-X -C-C-
H X
Hydrohalogenation
C=C + HClH-C-C-H
H ClH
H
H
H H H
Markovnikov’s Rule
•The major products get the “H” on the
atom in the DB that already has more “Hs”
Predict & Name Products when HF is
added to:
Halogen Rxns: Predict the products for each of
the examples:
2-methyl-2-butene + HIPropene + HF
Organic HW•Draw the reactant, then predict & name the major & minor products when HCl is added to 1-pentene.
Drill:Draw the reactant, then
predict & name their products when excess
HCl is added to1-pentyne
Hydration•An addition reaction where water is added to an alkene or alkyne
HydrationC=C + H2O
C-C
H OH
H+
Predict & Name Reactants & Products
C=C
H
H
H
H
+ H2OHOClHeat
Ethanol
C C
H OH
HH
H H
Predict & Name Reactants & Products
C=C
CH3
HH
H
+ H2Oacid
heat
C C
H OH Major Product
CH3H
H HC C
H H
CH3H
HO HMinor Product
Hydrogenation•An addition reaction where hydrogen is added to an alkene or alkyne
Hydrogenation
C=C + H2 H-C-C-H
H HH
H
H
H H H
cat
Predict the Product
+ H-H
Pd
Name:
Organic HW•Draw the reactant, then predict & name the major & minor products when HOH in acid is added to 1-pentene.
Drill: Draw the organic reactants, & draw &
name the major products when 3 equivalences of
HF is added topenta-1-ene-3-yne
Collect HW
Substitution Reactions
•Reactions that look as if they should be addition, but substitution occurs instead.
Substitution Rxns
•Reactions in which a halogen replaces a
hydrogen on an arene (benzene ring)
H
X-X cat
X
+ HX
H
Br-Br cat
Br
+ HBr
Hydrocarbon polymerization is the foundation of
the plastics industry.
Monomer•Molecules that can combine in repeating
units creating a polymer
Polymer•Large molecules made
up of repeating units of single molecules
Naming Polymers•The polymer is named
after the monomer from which it’s made:
polymonomer
Polymerization•The act of making
polymers out of monomers
Polymerization Reactions
C
C
C
C
C
C
Catalyst is added to start rxn, DB breaks & connects to nearest C & the process continues
C
C
C
C
C
C
or (-C C-)n
Typical Monomers
•Single molecules in which repeating units make up molecules or
polymers
Ethene (Ethylene)
C=C
H
H
H
H
Polyethylene
(-CH2-CH2-)n
Propene (Propylene)
C=C
H
H
H
CH3
Polypropylene
CH3
(-CH2-CH-)n
Chloroethene orVinyl chloride
C=C
H
H
H
Cl
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Cl
(-CH2-CH-)n
Tetrafluoroethene
C=C
F
F
F
F
Teflon
(-CF2-CF2-)n
Isoprene
C=C
C=C
CH3H
H
H
H
H
Polymers of rubber
(-H2C-C
CH-CH2-)n
CH3
Isoprenes
Isoprenes
Rubber Polymer
Styrene
C=C
H
HH
Polystyrene
(CH-CH2-)n
+ +
+ +
Predict & Name the Product
Polycyclopropylethylene