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7/29/2019 Drawing an Ellipse
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Drawing an
Brenda Hoddinott
K-02 INTERMEDIATE: PERSPECTIVE TWO
You need to understand ellipses in order to correctly draw cylindrical or cone shapes objects,
such as vases, ice cream cones, mugs, plates, and tires on vehicles. In this exercise, I show you
how to use one point perspective to accurately draw an ellipse. You need your sketchbook, apencil, and a ruler.
This project is divided into three sections:
EYEING A CIRCLE IN PERSPECTIVE: You know a circle is round. But, a circle
changes its shape to an oval when viewed in perspective. Hence, drawing ellipsescorrectly requires you to record circles as you actually see them, not as your mind knows
or perceives them to be.
DRAWING A BASIC ELLIPSE: I show you how to draw an ellipse correctly with onepoint perspective.
DRAWING A PRECISE ELLIPSE: If a drawing subject, or your style of drawing,needs a more precise ellipse, follow the directions in this section.
7 PAGES 1 5 I LLUSTRATI ONS
This lesson is recommended for artists with strong drawing skills and a basic understanding of
geometric perspective, as well as advanced students of home schooling, academic andrecreational fine art educators.
Published by Hoddinott Publishing for Drawspace.com, Halifax, NS, Canada - 2008
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
2
Figure 201
Perspectiveis a visual illusion in a drawing in whichobjects appear to become smaller, and recede into distantspace, the farther away they are from the viewer.
Horizon lineis an element of perspective, also known aseye level that refers to an imaginary horizontal line thatdivides your line of vision when you look straight ahead.Your eye level always stays with you wherever you move.The horizon line is usually drawn parallel to the upper and
lower sides of a square or rectangular drawing space.
Vanishing pointis an imaginary point (marked VP in thisdrawing) on the horizon line where perspective lines seemto converge.
Perspective linesare straight, angular lines (invisible inreal life), which extend from the edges of subjects back toa vanishing point(s) on the horizon line.
EYEING A CIRCLE IN
PERSPECTIVE
An ellipse looks like an oval shape, but in fact is simplya circle drawn in perspective. Perspective is a complex
aspect of drawing. Dont expect to be able to master allcomponents right away. Be patient with yourself.Careful observation of objects around you expands your
understanding of perspective. Your skills at rendering
perspective, improve with practice.
Drawing circles in perspective means unlearning someof what your brain currently knows about what it sees,
and readjusting its perceptions to a different set of rules.
You know a circle is round. But, a circle changes its
shape to an oval when viewed in perspective. Hence,drawing ellipses correctly requires you to record circles
as you actually see them, not as your mind knows or
perceives them to be.
Examine the ellipses and cylinders above andbelow the horizon line (marked HL) in figure
201. Take note, that the closer the ellipses are
to the horizon line, the narrower they appear.
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
3
Figure 202
Figure 204
Figure 205
Figure 203
DRAWING A BASIC ELLIPSE
In this exercise I show you how to draw an ellipse correctly with one point perspective. You
need your sketchbook, a pencil and a ruler.
1) Draw a straight horizontal line asthe horizon line.Refer to figure 202.
2) Add a dot in the center of the lineas the vanishing point.
3) Draw two lines below and parallel to the horizon line to represent the top and bottomof a square viewed in perspective.
Refer to figure 203. Now you have three parallel lines.
4) Connect the lowest parallel line tothe vanishing point with two straight
lines.
Refer to figure 204. Now you have the
other two sides of your square shape,
drawn in perspective.
5) Erase all lines except the four ofyour new square shape.
Refer to figure 205.
The square shape in Figure 205 servesas a guide for drawing an ellipse.
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
4
Figure 206
Figure 207
Figure 208
Figure 209
6) Draw two lines,connecting each set of
two opposite corners.
The point where these
two lines intersect is the
exact center of yoursquare (Figure 206).
This point is also thecenter of the ellipse you
draw.
7) Draw line ABperpendicular to the
two parallel sides of
the square (Figure
207).
8) Add line CD parallelto the two parallel
sides of the square.
Refer to Figure 208.
Points A, B, C, and Dmark the center point of
each of the four sides of
your square.
9) Lightly sketch an ovalinside the square that
touches each of the
four points: A, B, C,
and D.
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
5
Figure 211
Figure 210
Figure 212
10) Erase all lines that are not part of your ellipse.For most drawing needs, this ellipse works great.
DRAWING A PRECISE ELLIPSE
If a drawing subject, or your style of drawing, needs a
more precise ellipse, follow the directions in this section.
1) Follow steps 1 to 8 in the previous section.2) Use a ruler to connect dots A and D, D and B, B and C, and C and A.You now have
another square
drawn at anangle inside
the originalsquare.
3) Focus your attention onthe four large triangular
shapes created by the
four corner sections that
are not part of the new
square.
Notice that each of
the four triangular
shapes is divided inhalf by a line.
4) Use a ruler to measure the total length of each of these four lines, divide the distanceby three, and mark two dots to identify the three equal lengths.
Refer to Figure 213 on the next page. Some artists prefer to divide each of these lines intohalves, and others like to divide each into five or more sections for increased accuracy. I
get by just fine with only thirds.
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
6
Figure 214
Figure 213
Figure 215
As you developstronger skills with
perspective, you may
want to experimentwith dividing
these four linesinto more thanthree sections,
for increased
accuracy.
5) Lighten your drawing with a kneaded eraser.6) Take your time and draw the ellipse, and then erase the guidelines.
Use dots A, B, C, and D as well as the inner dots you just drew as reference points.
My favorite places
to draw the lines of
the ellipse are justpast the one-third
points (measured
from the insideoutward).
If you want a line drawing of an ellipse
appear even more three dimensional,
make the line thicker toward theforeground. Naturally,
according to perspective,
things appear smaller thefarther they recede into the
background. Therefore its
logical to make the line thinner
on the side of the ellipse that isfarther away. Refer to Figure 215.
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Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this document belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever
without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail [email protected] Web site http://www.drawspace.com
7
BRENDA HODDI NOTT - BI OGRAPHY
As a self-educated teacher, visual artist, portraitist, forensic artist, and illustrator, Brenda
Hoddinott utilizes diverse art media including graphite, technical pen, colored pencil, chalk
pastel, charcoal, cont crayon, and oil paints.
My philosophy on teaching art is to focus primarily on the enjoyment
aspects while gently introducing the technical and academic. Hence, in
creating a passion for the subject matter, the quest for knowledge also
becomes enjoyable.
>Brenda Hoddinott