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Drainage Calculations
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Discharge Unit Values BS.5572 :1978
Type of Sanitary Fitting Interval between Use
Domestic Public Peak Flow DischargeUnit
(min) (min) (min) Value
Automatic Washing Machine 410 20
5 40
WC (9 Litre Cistern) 20 710 14
5 28
Sink 20 610 14
5 27
Wash Basin 20 110 3
5 6
Bath 75 710 18
- -
Shower (Per Head)Domestic 1Public 2
Urinal Bowl 20 0.3
Discharge Unit Maximum Values BS.5572 :1978
Internal diameter Fallof pipe (mm) 1 in 111 1 in 45 1 in 22
100mm 230 430 1050
125mm 780 1500 3000
150mm 2000 3500 7500
Rates of Discharge from Sanitary Fittings BS.5572 :1978
Type of Fitting Discharge (litres per second)
Basin 0.60
Bath 1.00
Sink (32mm Diameter Waste) 0.50
Sink (38mm Diameter Waste) 1.00
Sink (50mm Diameter Waste) 2.00
Urinal 0.15
WC (9 or 14 litre cistern) 2.30
Shower 1.00
Equipment Washer 5.70
Steam Steriliser 0.95
Peak Simultaneous Demand
Simultaneous Demand FactorThe discharge unit value takes into account the number of fittings discharging simultaneouslycompared with the total number of fittings installed.
known as the usage ratio T,
n = total number of fittings installed
t = time in seconds fittings are discharging
T = time in seconds between usage
Total number of fittings installed (n) = 30It has been assumed that each fitting will take 10sec to discharge their contents, and will be used at 900sec intervals
.= 0.11 900
.= 5.10 + square root of 5.874
.= 5.10 + 2.42
.= 7.52
Simultaneous Demand Factor = 7.52%
m = np + 1.80 [2 np (1 - p] 0.5
Where m = number of fittings discharging simultaneously
p = t
p = 10
m = (30 x 0.11) + 1.80 [2 x 30 x 0.11 (1 - 0.11)] 0.5
Residual Drainage Network Pipe Sizing
The following calculations indicate the pipework sizes of the main horizontal sections.The size of branch mains is calculated on the basis that the discharge pipe shall be at least equal to the diameter of the outlet on the appliance to which it is connected.
Section 1.
Sink (38mm waste) 4 x 1.00 l/s = 4.00 l/s
Sink (50mm waste) 4 x 2.00 l/s = 8.00 l/s
12.00 x 7.52% = 0.90 l/s or 0.0009m3/s
Q = VA
0.0009 x 8 = 0.0072
0.0072 / 1 x 3.142 = 0.0023m
Square root of 0.0023m = 0.048m
Section 2.
Sink (38mm waste) 4 x 1.00 l/s = 4.00 l/s
Sink (50mm waste) 5 x 2.00 l/s = 8.00 l/s
Equipment Washer 1 x 5.70 l/s = 5.70 l/s
17.70 x 7.52% = 1.33 l/s or 0.0010m3/s
Q = VA
0.0010 x 8 = 0.008 m3/s
0.008 / 1 x 3.142 = 0.0025m
0.048m x 1000 = 48mm
Suggested horizontal pipe size is 80mm Nominal Bore
= V x π/8 D2 (Half Bore)
D = Square Root Q x 8 / V x π
= V x π/8 D2 (Half Bore)
D = Square Root Q x 8 / V x π
Square root of 0.0025m = 0.05m
Section 3.
Sink (38mm waste) 2 x 1.00 l/s = 2.00 l/s
Sink (50mm waste) 7 x 2.00 l/s = 14.00 l/s
Equipment Washer 2 x 5.70 l/s = 11.40 l/s
Steam Steriliser 3 x 0.95 l/s = 2.85 l/s
30.25 x 7.52% = 2.27 l/s or 0.0023m3/s
Q = VA
0.0023 x 8 = 0.0184 m3/s
0.0184 / 1 x 3.142 = 0.0059m
Square root of 0.0059m = 0.077m
Section A.
17 Sinks @ Peak Flow = 17 x 27 = 459 Loading Units1 Washer @ Peak Flow = 1 x 40 = 40 Loading Units
Total Loading Units = 499 LU
From BS 5772 :1978
100mm Nominal Bore @ 1:22
Section B.
8 Sinks @ Peak Flow = 8 x 27 = 216 Loading Units
0.05m x 1000 = 50mm
Suggested horizontal pipe size is 80mm Nominal Bore
0.077m x 1000 = 77mm
Suggested horizontal pipe size is 80mm Nominal Bore
= V x π/8 D2 (Half Bore)
D = Square Root Q x 8 / V x π
5 Washer @ Peak Flow = 5 x 40 = 200 Loading Units
Total Loading Units = 416 LU
From BS 5772 :1978
100mm Nominal Bore @ 1:45