Some STI Statistics in Myanmar

Dr. Soe WinDirector-General, Department of Higher Education(Upper Myanmar)

Ministry of Educationand

Aung ThanTutor, Department of Statistics, Meiktila Institute of Economics

Ministry of Education

IntroductionThe Republic of the Union of

Myanmarsituated in South Eastern Asiatotal land area is 677,000 sq.km.China, Laos, Thailand, India and

Bangladesh are neighborsenjoys a tropical monsoon climatepopulation is estimated over 59

million in 2010 with almost 70% of the population living in rural areas

Myanmar AdministrationDemocratic GovernmentAdministration in two tires:

Union governmentState or Regional government

5-year periodically electionUnion of 7 states and 7 Regions with seats

of government located in the central city, Nay Pyi Taw.

We emphasize on - From Agro-based Economy to Industrialized

EconomyTo Strengthen Scientific Knowledge and

Technological Development Building of modern industrialized nation through - the agricultural development and all-round

development of other sectors of the economy; developing the electric power and energy sectors to

be in conformity with the developing trend of industries;

having continuous development for the infrastructure sector and realizing balanced economy and all-round development of the economy

Statistical System in MyanmarCentral Statistical Organization (CSO)

functioning on a national level since 1952Some ministries set up their own planning

and statistical departments.Other ministries have separate statistical

units in Ministry level as well as Department level.

Science and Technology IndicatorsCannot get S&T Indicators directly because

there is no institution responsible for collecting them.

Respective ministries conduct required surveys and collect data.

By using these data, we can extract the related data and collect the S&T related indicators.

Sources of data, generallyPrimary Source

Administrative Records of Related Ministries

Secondary SourceStatistical Yearbook Handbook on Human Resources Development

IndicatorsSoci0economic Development in Myanmar

Research and DevelopmentMyanmar produce R&D statistics and

indicators indirectly.

Rarely to do R&D Survey because each ministry compute the statistics according to their requirements.

Ministry of Education conducts research in the field of social sciences, arts and natural sciences.

Research and Training Centers under the Ministry of EducationUniversities Research CenterAsia Research CenterMarine Science Research and Training

CenterSet-se Aquaculture Research CenterMyanmar-India Center for English Language

Training Myanmar-India Entrepreneurship

Development Center

30-year Long-term Education Development Plan2001/02 FY – 2030/31 FY

The six core areas under focus are: Development of human resource Utilization of technology Expansion of research Development of a lifelong learning society Promotion of the quality of education and Preservation of national identity and national

values.

Researches under Ministry of Education

Source: Ministry of Education, 2011

Note: UsRJ means Universities Research Journal.MAAS means Myanmar Academy of Arts and Sciences.URJ means University Research Journal which is published by

each university.

Types Finished Operating

Published

Fields UsRJ 1 UsRJ 2 UsRJ 3 MAAS URJ 1 URJ 2 Total

Arts 1987 958 28 77 34 208 154 123 624

Natural Sciences 1747 986 74 120 79 550 162 121 1106

Social Sciences 291 78 8 13 3 55 18 14 111

Total 4025 2022 110 210 116 813 334 258 1841

Number of Higher Education Institutions to Corresponding Ministries

Sr. No. Name of Ministry No. of Institutions1. Ministry of Education 642. Ministry of Science and Technology 613. Ministry of Health 154. Ministry of Defense 55. Ministry of Co-operative 56. Ministry of Transport 27. Ministry of Culture 28. Ministry of Border Affairs 29. Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation 1

10. Ministry of Live Stock and Fisheries 111. Ministry of Environmental Preservation and Forestry 112. Union Civil Services Board 2

Total 161

Source: Ministry of Education

Graduates by Fields of Science and Technology 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Medical and Health Sciences Bachelor's Degree 883 1274 1907 2329 2482 4168 3808

Diploma 609 630 1240 1434 1476 1286 1224Master's Degree 213 272 231 291 296 219 270

PhD 8 7 9 14 15 13 7Engineering and Technology

Bachelor's Degree 2603 4704 1717 1690 3400 3967 0Diploma 743 176 172 210 1043 2576 103

Master's Degree 1179 1465 1758 1720 1405 300 755PhD 46 88 192 132 425 195 298

Social SciencesBachelor's Degree 1665 5325 8966 5750 5722 5793 5156

Diploma 134 530 1225 149 1381 1323 1445Master's Degree 119 109 114 202 186 1175 791

PhD 0 0 2 10 18 8 6Agricultural Sciences

Bachelor's Degree 491 438 548 516 431 296 27Master's Degree 44 31 31 18 13 34 17

PhD - - - 6 6 2 -Art and Natural Sciences

Bachelor's Degree 140572 76260 153758 109927 90016 90448 94457Master's Degree 2636 1882 5058 6013 2681 4996 2669

PhD in Arts 5 17 34 145 329 210 169PhD in Natural Sciences 64 112 267 226 586 563 448

PhD Total 69 129 301 371 915 773 617

Source: Statistical Year Book, 2009 and Ministry of Education

Study abroad by the fields of study

Field of Study 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Medical Science 137 287 61 17 62

Engineering 309 125 49 79 147

Social Science 357 293 205 332 310

Education 203 122 16 32 69

Agriculture 460 472 250 356 423

Natural Science 109 186 39 74 158

Humanities and Arts 12 13 2 5 30

Fine Arts and Culture 5 7 5 6 15

Others 1 5 11 16 42

Source: Statistical Year Book, 2009

Researchers in Higher Education SectorType of Institution 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09

Medicine 1322 1537 1531 1638 1552Dental Medicine 217 209 273 274 263Medical Technology 101 95 135 94 98Nursing 149 269 245 247 218Pharmacy 79 83 115 82 76Community Health 94 51 58 59 75Technology 345 464 686 727 874Myanmar Aerospace and Engineering 88 79 87 70 83Economics 437 496 496 445 433Education 219 250 251 227 374Agriculture 136 140 151 148 171Forestry 36 38 34 55 57Veterinary Science 58 56 58 74 59Computer Science and Technology 367 335 275 272 234Computer 677 1000 627 896 1297Art and Science Universities 9596 10379 10117 9762 9484

Total 13921 15481 15139 15070 15348

Source: Statistical Year Book, 2009

Research, Current and Capital Expendituresof the Ministry of Education

Source: Ministry of Education

Financial Year Types of Expenditure

2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

Upper

Myanmar

Research Expenditure 4.48 5.80 8.44 11.17 14.25

Current Expenditure 1850.00 2420.00 8100.00 7970.00 8192.69

Capital Expenditure 3486.55 3348.62 5534.56 3459.00 1898.27

Lower

Myanmar

Research Expenditure 8.83 10.05 8.60 10.80 9.92

Current Expenditure 3200.00 4150.00 11859.00 11311.60 12062.49

Capital Expenditure 4937.82 4091.05 6656.19 7790.40 2900.65

Innovation is needed for a Nation’s development, Myanmar also try to do

the best.

Main Obstacles1. High cost of the innovation project

2. Lack of financing

3. Need more co-ordination and collaboration.

4. Dedicated institutions are needed.

In future, we are going to promote Research and Development Activities and Innovation.

As a consequence, we will collect R&D and Innovation statistics and conduct R&D and Innovation surveys appropriately.

Thank You