7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

1/30

Ljk`rike, @etbramvbreibetko

^kebo me Lo`iktb Ljkeab

Ibd`k Trk`e`ea Qmrcsjmp `e ^rbpkrkt`me gmr tjb

LM^8>Redbrstked`ea tjb \l`belb mg Lo`iktb Ljkeab

X. C. ^kljkur`

;7 Mltmhbr 8>;4, O`ik, ^br

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

2/30

Juike `egoubelb me tjb lo`iktb systbi `s

lobkr ked jks hbbe dbtbltbd `e wkri`ea mg

tjb ktimspjbrb ked tjb mlbke, `e ljkeabs

`e tjb aomhko wktbr lylob, `e rbdult`mes `esemw ked `lb, `e aomhko ibke sbk obvbo r`sb,

ked `e ljkeabs `e smib lo`iktb bxtrbibs.

- @^LL KX2 Qmrc`ea Armup @

\murlb 6 @^LLKX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

3/30

sl`bet`g`lpuho`lkt`mes l`tbd

Qmrc`ea Armup @@

@ipklts, Kdkptkt`me ked

Wuoebrkh`o`ty

0 kutjmrs

1> lmuetr`bs

2>,444 lmiibets

Mvbr ;8,>>> sl`bet`g`l

rbgbrbelbs l`tbd

Qmrc`ea Armup @@@

I`t`akt`me mg Lo`iktb

Ljkeab

8,>>>rbgbrbelbs tm o`tbrkturb

Tjb \yetjbs`s Xbpmrt w`oo hb rbobksbd `e Lmpbejkabe me 8edEmvbihbr

8>;4

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

4/30

4

Mhsbrvbd ljkeabs `e tjb lo`iktb systbi

Lo`iktb ljkeab `s uebqu`vmlko

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

Tjb mlbkes jkvb wkribd ked r`sbe

Tjb kimuets mg semw ked `lb jkvbd`i`e`sjbd

\bk obvbo jks r`sbe

Tjb lmelbetrkt`mes mg arbbejmusb

aksbs jkvb `elrbksbd

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

5/30

2

Juike `egoubelb mg tjb lo`iktb systbi `s lobkr

Redbrstked`ea tjb lkusbs

02% lbrtk`ety tjkt juike `egoubelb

jks hbbe tjb dmi`eket lkusb mg tjb

mhsbrvbd wkri`ea s`elb tjb i`d-8>tj

lbetury

\`elb tjb ;02>s, ikey mg tjb

mhsbrvbd ljkeabs krb ueprblbdbetbd

mvbr dblkdbs tm i`oobee`k.

O`i`t`ea lo`iktb ljkeab w`oo rbqu`rb

sustk`ebd ked suhstket`ko rbdult`mes

`e arbbejmusb aks bi`ss`mes

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

6/30

7

Tmtko ketjrmpmabe`l AJA bi`ss`mes wbrb tjb j`ajbst `e juike j`stmry grmi

8>>> tm 8>;>

Trbeds `e AJAs ked tjb`r dr`vbrs

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

Arbbejmusb aks bi`ss`mes hy blmemi`l sbltmrs

Aomhkooy, blmemi`l ked

pmpuokt`me armwtj lmet`eub

tm hb tjb imst `ipmrtket

dr`vbrs mg `elrbksbs `e LM8bi`ss`mes grmi gmss`o gubo

lmihust`mes

Tjbsb krb bxpbltbd tm

lmet`eub tm dr`vb bi`ss`mes

armwtj w`tjmut kdd`t`mekobggmrts tm rbdulb AJA

bi`ss`mes.

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

7/301

Mhsbrvbd lo`iktb ljkeab `e ^br

@e LK ked \K, dblkdko vkr`kh`o`ty ked ljkeabs `e bxtrbibs jkvb hbbe kggblt`ea okrab sbltmrs

mg tjb pmpuokt`me, bspbl`kooy tjmsb imrb vuoebrkhob ked bxpmsbd tm lo`iktb jkzkrds.

\trmea ebakt`vb prbl`p`tkt`me trbeds ked

wkri`ea dbtbltbd `e tjb Iketkrm Wkooby,

^br

K`r tbipbrkturb `elrbksbs e tjb smutjbre

Kedbs mg ^br (;074-8>>7)

@e tjb ^bruv`ke wbstbre Kikzme`k, ibke

rk`egkoo gmr ;0748>>< jks dblrbksbd

Xkp`d rbtrbkt ked ibot`ea mg tjb trmp`lko

Kedbs aokl`brs mg Wbebzubok, Lmomih`k,

Blukdmr, ^br ked Hmo`v`k

1 mut mg 0 r`vbr hks`es jkvb prmhkhoy

lrmssbd k lr`t`lko tjrbsjmod, bxj`h`t`ea k

dblrbks`ea dry-sbksme d`sljkrab `e tjb

Lmrd`oobrk Hokelk mg ^br

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

8/30

Bxtrbib bvbets dur`ea ked hy tjb bed mg tjb 8;stLbetury

\murlb 6 @^LL \XBZ

@t `s vbry o`cboy tjkt tjb obeatj, grbqubely, ked/mr

`etbes`ty mg wkri spboos mr jbkt wkvbs w`oo `elrbksb mvbr

imst oked krbks

Redbr smib slbekr`ms, k ;-`e-8> ybkr jmttbst dky `s o`cboy

tm hblmib k ;-`e-8 ybkr bvbet `e imst rba`mes

@t `s o`cboy tjkt tjb grbqubely mg jbkvy prbl`p`tkt`me mr tjb

prmpmrt`me mg tmtko rk`egkoo grmi jbkvy gkoos w`oo `elrbksb

mvbr ikey krbks mg tjb aomhb

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

9/300

Guturb ljkeabs `e tjb lo`iktb systbi

Qkri`ea w`oo lmet`eub hbymed 8;>> uedbr koo XL^ slbekr`ms bxlbpt XL^8.7.

Aomhko surgklb

tbipbrkturb

ljkeab gmr tjb bed

mg tjb 8;stlbetury6

`s o`cboy tm bxlbbd ;.2L rbokt`vb tm ;:2> tm

;0>> gmr koo XL^ slbekr`ms bxlbpt XL^8.7.

`s o`cboy tm bxlbbd 8L gmr XL^7.> ked

XL^:.2

`s imrb o`cboy tjke emt tm bxlbbd 8L gmrXL^4.2.\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

10/30;>

Khrupt ked `rrbvbrs`hob `ipklts

Imst kspblts mg lo`iktb ljkeab w`oo pbrs`st gmr ikey lbetur`bs bvbe `g bi`ss`mes mg LM8

krb stmppbd.

\ustk`ebd ikss omss hy `lb sjbbts

(smib mg wj`lj `rrbvbrs`hob) wmuod

lkusb okrabr sbk obvbo r`sb.

\ustk`ebd wkri`ea arbktbr tjke smibtjrbsjmod (arbktbr tjke khmut ;L hut

obss tjke khmut 4L aomhko ibke

wkri`ea w`tj rbspblt tm prb-

`edustr`ko) wmuod obkd tm tjb ebkr-

lmipobtb omss mg tjb Arbbeoked `lb

sjbbt mvbr k i`oobee`ui mr imrb,lkus`ea k aomhko ibke sbk obvbo r`sb mg

up tm 1 i.

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

11/30;;

@ipklts me gmmd sblur`ty

Koo kspblts mg gmmd sblur`ty krb pmtbet`kooy kggbltbd hy lo`iktb ljkeab, `eloud`ea gmmd kllbss,

ut`o`zkt`me, ked pr`lb stkh`o`ty. @ipklts w`oo mllur `e tjb lmetbxt mg rkp`doy r`s`ea lrmp dbiked.

^rmfbltbd ebakt`vb

`ipklts gmr prmdult`me mg

wjbkt, r`lb ked ik`zb gmr

omlko tbipbrkturb

`elrbksbs mg 8L mr imrb

khmvb oktb-8>tj-lbetury

obvbos, w`tjmut kdkptkt`me.

Xbd`str`hut`me mg ikr`eb

g`sjbr`bs lktlj pmtbet`ko

pmsbs r`sc mg rbdulbd

suppo`bs, `elmib, ked

bipomyibet.

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

12/30;8

@ipklts me juike jbkotj

Tjrmuajmut tjb 8;st lbetury, lo`iktb ljkeab `s bxpbltbd tm obkd tm `elrbksbs `e `oo-jbkotj

`e ikey rba`mes ked bspbl`kooy `e dbvbomp`ea lmuetr`bs w`tj omw `elmib.

@elrbksbd o`cbo`jmmd mg6

@efury, d`sbksb, ked

dbktj dub tm imrb

`etbesb jbkt wkvbs ked

g`rbs.

Redbr-eutr`t`me grmi

d`i`e`sjbd gmmd

prmdult`me `e pmmr

rba`mes.

X`scs grmi gmmd- ked

wktbr- ked vbltmr-

hmreb d`sbksbs.

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

13/30;-8>>:, mvbr 02% mg ekturko-d`skstbr-rboktbd dbktjs mllurrbd `edbvbomp`ea lmuetr`bs

\murlb 6 @^LL \XBZ

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

18/30

;:

Kdkptkt`me ked I`t`akt`me

Lo`iktb-rbs`o`bet pktjwkys

lmih`eb kdkptkt`me ked

i`t`akt`me tm rbdulb lo`iktb

ljkeab ked `ts `ipklts. \`elbi`t`akt`me rbdulbs tjb rktb

ked ikae`tudb mg wkri`ea,

`t kosm `elrbksbs tjb t`ib

kvk`okhob gmr kdkptkt`me tm k

pkrt`luokr obvbo mg lo`iktb

ljkeab, pmtbet`kooy hy

sbvbrko dblkdbs.

@^LL G`gtj Kssbssibet Xbpmrt

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

j ` j j o d` ` c d

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

19/30

;0

Tjbrb krb strktba`bs tjkt lke jbop ikekab d`skstbr r`sc emw ked

kosm jbop `iprmvb pbmpobs o`vbo`jmmds ked wboo-hb`ea

Tjb imst bggblt`vb strktba`bs mggbr dbvbompibet hbebg`ts `e tjb rbokt`vboy ebkr

tbri ked rbdulb vuoebrkh o`ty mvbr tjb omeabr tbri

\murlb 6 @^LL \XBZ

Bgg ` ` c d d ` `o d o o d

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

20/30

8>

Bggblt`vb r`sc ikekabibet ked kdkptkt`me krb tk`omrbd tm omlko ked

rba`meko ebbds ked l`rluistkelbs

Ljkeabs `e lo`iktb bxtrbibs vkry klrmss rba`mes

Bklj rba`me jks ue`qub vuoebrkh`o`t`bs ked bxpmsurb tm jkzkrds

Bggblt`vb r`sc ikekabibet ked kdkptkt`me kddrbss tjb gkltmrs lmetr`hut`ea tm bxpmsurb kedvuoebrkh`o`ty

\murlb 6 @^LL \XBZ

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

21/30

8;

Kdkptkt`me bxpbr`belb `e ^br

Lmest`tut`meko ked obako rbgmris gmr imrb

bgg`l`bet wktbr rbsmurlbs ikekabibet `elmmrd`ekt`me hbtwbbe 1 lmuetr`bs `e \K

ked LK `eloud`ea ^br3 hut gurtjbr

`ipobibetkt`me `s rbqu`rbd

Tjb ikekabibet mg BE\M-rboktbd bvbets

`e ^br v`k pkrt`l`pktmry mr r`sc rbdult`mekpprmkljbs

Lrmp d`vbrs`g`lkt`me `e tjb ^bruv`ke Kedbs

tm supprbss pbst muthrbkcs ked pktjmabe

trkesi`ss`me

Kddrbss lmestrk`ets me kllbss tm cby

rbsmurlbs gmr rbdul`ea vuoebrkh`o`ty, ks

sjmwe hy stud`bs w`tj `ed`abemus gkribrs

`e j`ajoked ^br

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

22/30

88

@ipklts mg i`t`akt`me me AD^ armwtj

Dboky`ea kdd`t`meko i`t`akt`me gurtjbr `elrbksbs i`t`akt`me lmsts `e tjbibd`ui tm omea tbri

8> T`ibLurrbet

AD^

AD^ w`tjmut

i`t`akt`me

AD^ w`tj str`eabet

i`t`akt`me (rbklj`ea 42> ppi LM8bq `e

8;>>)

Omss `e aomhkolmesuipt`me`e 8>6 ;.1%

(ibd`ke)

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

Omss `eaomhkolmesuipt`me`e 8>2>6>6 4.:%(ibd`ke)

8>2> 8;>>

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

23/30

8 ppi LM8bq hy 8;>> (o`cboy

ljkelb tm cbbp tbipbrkturb ljkeab hbomw 8L rbokt`vb tm prb`edustr`ko obvbos)6

Omwbr aomhko AJAs `e 8>2> tjke `e 8>;> (4>%

tm 1>% omwbr aomhkooy)

Bi`ss`mes obvbos ebkr zbrm AtLM8bq mr hbomw

`e 8;>>

Imrb rkp`d `iprmvbibets `e bebray

bgg`l`bely

K tr`po`ea tm ebkroy k qukdrupo`ea mg tjb sjkrb

mg bebray suppoy grmi rbebwkhobs hy 8>2>

Ikey slbekr`ms rbklj`ea 42>, 2>> ked 22>

ppi LM8bq hy 8;>> rbqu`rb w`dbsprbkd

dbpomyibet mg HBLL\, kggmrbstkt`me, ked

mtjbr LDX tbljemoma`bs pmst 8>2>

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

XB t t`oo j` j tj ` t` ` h t ` `

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

24/30

84

XB lmsts krb st`oo j`ajbr tjke bx`st`ea bebray pr`lbs hut `e vkr`mus

sbtt`eas XB `s korbkdy lmipbt`t`vb.

\murlb 6 @^LL \XXBE

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

25/30

82

Lm-hbebg`ts

Tjb etbrsblt`mes mg i`t`akt`me ked kdkptkt`me w`tj mtjbr sml`btko amkos, g wboo ikekabd,

lke strbeatjbe tjb hks`s gmr uedbrtkc`ea lo`iktb klt`me6

@iprmvbd bebray bgg`l`bely ked

sblur`ty

Lobkebr bebray smurlbs

K`r quko`ty ked juike jbkotj

Xbdulbd bebray ked wktbr

lmesuipt`me `e urhke krbks

\ustk`ekhob kar`luoturb ked gmrbstry

^rmtblt`me mg blmsystbis gmr lkrhme

stmrkab

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

26/30

87

@etbarkt`me mg lo`iktb ljkeab `etm pmo`l`bs

L4> L`t`bs- Lo`iktb Obkdbrsj`p

Armup (@LOB@) ked O`iksIbtrmpmo`tke \trktbay tm LLK

Armw`ea kwkrbebss mg LK ked \K

amvbreibets me tjb ebbd tm

`etbarktb lo`iktb ljkeab ked

guturb lo`iktb r`scs `e tjb`r

pmo`l`bs

;: rba`meko Eme-Keebx lmuetr`bs,

`eloud`ea ^br jkvb korbkdy

puho`sjbd tjb`r ;stked/mr 8ed

Ekt`meko Lmiiue`lkt`me tm tjb

REGLLL koomw`ea tm ibksurb

tjb`r bi`ss`mes ked tm kssbss tjb`r

prbsbet ked guturb vuoebrkh`o`ty.

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

27/30

81

Lo`iktb ljkeab ked sustk`ekhob dbvbompibet

Amvbre`ea k trkes`t`me tmwkrd ke bggblt`vb lo`iktb rbspmesb ked sustk`ekhob

dbvbompibet pktjwky `s k ljkoobeab`evmov`ea rbtj`ec`ea mur rbokt`me tm ekturb.

K stkhob lo`iktb `s meb lmipmebet

mg sustk`ekhob dbvbompibet.

Dbs`ae`ea ke bggblt`vb lo`iktb pmo`ly

`evmovbs ik`estrbki`ea lo`iktb e

tjb dbs`ae mg sustk`ekhobdbvbompibet strktba`bs.

Hbjkv`mur, o`gbstyob ked luoturb lke

suhstket`kooy lmetr`hutb tm omwbr`ea

bi`ss`mes6

Ljkeabs `e lmesuipt`mepkttbres

D`btkry ljkeabs

Xbdult`me `e gmmd wkstbs

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

28/30

8:

Lo`iktb ljkeab ked bqu`ty

@ssubs mg bqu`ty, fust`lb, ked gk`rebss kr`sb w`tj

rbspblt tm i`t`akt`me ked kdkptkt`me6

D`ggbrbet pkst ked guturb lmetr`hut`mes tm tjb

klluiuokt`me mg AJAs `e tjb ktimspjbrb

Wkry`ea ljkoobeabs ked l`rluistkelbs

D`ggbrbet lkpkl`t`bs tm kddrbss i`t`akt`me ked

kdkptkt`me.

Mpt`mes gmr bqu`tkhob hurdbe-sjkr`ea lke rbdulb

tjb pmtbet`ko gmr tjb lmsts mg lo`iktb klt`me tm

lmestrk`e dbvbompibet.

Bqu`tkhob mutlmibs lke obkd tm imrb bggblt`vb

lmmpbrkt`me

O`i`t`ea tjb bggblts mg lo`iktb ljkeab `s eblbsskry tm klj`bvb \D ked bqu`ty, `eloud`ea

pmvbrty brkd`lkt`me.

\murlb 6 @^LL KX2

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

29/30

K tbljemoma`lko sml`bty jks twm ljm`lbs.

G`rst `t lke wk`t uet`o lktkstrmpj`l gk`ourbs

bxpmsb systbi`l dbg`l`bel`bs, d`stmrt`me kedsbog-dblbpt`mes

\blmedoy, k luoturb lke prmv`db sml`ko ljblcs

ked hkokelbs tm lmrrblt gmr systbi`l

d`stmrt`me pr`mr tm lktkstrmpj`l gk`ourbs.

- Ikjktik Akedj`

\pbbd `s `rrbobvket `g ymu krb am`ea `e tjb

wrmea d`rblt`me

- Ikjktik Akedj`

7/21/2019 Dr. Rajendra Kumar Pachaur: Lima - International Workshop

30/30

8edEmvbihbr6 prbss lmegbrbelb tm prbsbet tjb \yetjbs`s Xbpmrt `e

Lmpbejkabe, w`tj RE \blrbtkry-Abebrko Hke C` Imme, @^LL Ljk`rike X

C ^kljkur`, QIM \blrbtkry-Abebrko I`ljbo Fkrrkud, @^LL \blrbtkry

Xbektb Ljr`st, ked ^bruv`ke Bev`rmeibet I`e`stbr Ikeubo ^uoakr-W`dko

Tjb prbss lmegbrbelb w`oo hb wbhlkst o`vb kt 26>>KI ^BT

Tjb \yetjbs`s Xbpmrt ked tjb prbss rbobksb w`oo hb kvk`okhob uedbr

bihkram meb dky hbgmrb tjb prbss lmegbrbelbrba`strkt`me meo`eb

Kgtbr tjb prbss lmegbrbelb @^LL kutjmrs ked mgg`l`kos w`oo hb kvk`okhob

gmr `etbrv`bw, 16>> KI ^BT mewkrds, `e pbrsme mr hy pjmeb. Xbqubsts

gmr `etbrv`bws lke hb ikdb meo`eb.

Lmetklt6 Ir Fmektjke Oyee, @^LL \be`mr Lmiiue`lkt`mes Mgg`lbr,

foyeeNwim.`etked Is Embi`b Obpr`elb-X`eaubt, \yetjbs`s Xbpmrt

Tblje`lko \uppmrt Re`t, embi`b.r`eaubtNtbr`.rbs.`e

Ibd`k @egmrikt`me

mailto:jlynn@wmo.intmailto:noemie.ringuet@teri.res.inmailto:noemie.ringuet@teri.res.inmailto:jlynn@wmo.int