DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Work Breakdown Structure WBS

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A hierarchical system which sub-divides

larger elements of the project into smaller

elements.

The smallest unit of the WBS is the work

package.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Work Breakdown Structure ExampleLevel

Level Description

1

Total Project

2

Subproject

3Category of

Work

4Work

Package

5

Resources

Work Breakdown Structure

MasonryWall

FloorSlab

FootingSiteworkInteriorFinishes

RoofSystem

SteelColumns& Joints

PlaceFootings

Form &ReinforceFootings

ExcavateFootings

EquipmentMaterialLabor

MasonryWall

Mobilization/Demobilization

AdministrationRoof

System

SteelColumns& Joints

Warehouse

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (cont.)

The scope of work in each work package should be

defined to avoid overlaps and omissions between work

packages.

Work packages should be defined in terms of design,

construction methods, and completion requirements, with

associated performance dates

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Scope of Work Packages

Each work packages should be:

1. Manageable– Specific authority and responsibility can be assigned.

2. Independent– With minimum interfacing or dependence on other

elements.

3. Measurable– In terms of progress.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

The Project Cost System

Objectives of Establishing Project Cost System.

1. Keep the construction costs of the project within

the established budget

2. Develop labor and equipment productivity

information for estimating the cost of future

work.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Cost Code

9708B 05 03157.20 3

ProjectNumber

AreaCode

Work Type Code

DistributionCode

Cost Code for stripping concrete

formwork for bridge deck (Labor).

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Project Number

Eighth project in 1997 (Bridge)

9708B 05 03157.20 3

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Area Code

Geographic location

OR

Associate Field Cost to Specific

Supervisor or Management

9708B 05 03157.20 3

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Work Type Code

03 Concrete

0315 Concrete Formwork

03157 Wood Concrete Formwork

03157.20 Wood Concrete Formwork for Deck

03157.30 Wood Concrete Formwork for

Abutment

9708B 05 03157.20 3

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Distribution Code

9708B 05 03157.20 3 1. Total

2. Material

3. Labor

4. Equipment

5. Sub-Contract

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Cost Code and Cost Control

All items of expense are charged to the project

where they are incurred.

"General" or "miscellaneous" cost accounts

should not be used, are poor practice, and should

be avoided.

The cost code is to serve its basic purpose, it must

be understood and used consistently by all

company personnel.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

COST ACCOUNTING REPORTS

Cost report intervals are a function of the project

size, nature of the work, and type of contract

involved.

There must be a balance between the cost of

generating the reports and the value of the

management information received

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

COST CODES

The most widely used cost codes are

– Masterformat, CSI (Construction Specifications Institute)

– Uniformat, UCI (Uniform Construction Index).

Masterformat is widely used software companies and

government agencies.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Most contractors match their cost control

system to their payroll periods and to their

time-monitoring system.

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

COST CODES (cont.)

Masterformat– Has 16 divisions– Divisions were developed according to trades

Uniformat– Has 12 divisions– Tends to follow the progress of construction

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

Relationship Between UNIFORMAT & MASTEFORMAT

Leve

l 2

01 G

ener

al R

equi

rem

ents

02

Sub

stru

ctur

e

03

Sup

erst

ruct

ure

04

Ext.

Clo

sure

05

Roofi

ng

06

Int.

Clo

sure

07

Conv

eyin

g S

ys.

08

Mec

hani

cal

09

Elec

tric

al

10 G

en. C

ond.

OH

& P

11 Eq

uipm

ent

12 S

ite W

ork

Leve

l 3

011

Sta

ndar

d Fo

unda

tions

012

Spe

c. F

ound

atio

n Co

nd.

021

Sla

b on

Gra

de

022

Bas

emen

t Ex

cava

tion

023

Bas

emen

t W

all

031

Flo

or C

onst

ruct

ion

032

Roo

f Con

stru

ctio

n

033

Sta

ir Co

nstr

uctio

n

041

Ext

erio

r Wal

ls

042

Ext

. Doo

rs &

Win

dows

06

1 Par

titio

ns

06

2 In

terio

r Fin

ishe

s

06

3 S

peci

altie

s

08

1 Plu

mbi

ng

08

2 H

.V.A

.C.

08

3 Fi

re P

rote

ctio

n

08

4 S

pec.

Mec

hani

cal S

yst.

091

Ser

vices

& D

istr

ibut

ion

092

Lig

htin

g &

Powe

r

093

Spe

c. E

lect

rical

Sys

t.

111 fi

xed

& M

ovab

le E

quip

.

112 F

urni

shin

gs

113 S

peci

al c

onst

ruct

ion

121 S

ite P

repa

ratio

n

122

Site

Impr

ovem

ents

123

Site

Util

ities

124

Off-S

ite W

ork

01 General Requirments

02 Site work

03 Concrete

04 Masonry

05 Metals

06 Wood & Plastic

07 Therm. & Moisture Protect.

08 Doors & Windows

09 Finishes

10 Specialities

11 Equipment

12 Furnishings

13 Special Construction

14 Conveying Systems

15 Mechanical16 Electrical

Des

ign

Uni

form

at

DR. Nabil Dmaidi

UNIFORMAT Level A and B

Total Building Costs0100 Foundation (level A) 0620 Interior Finishes 0920 Lighting-Power0110 Standard (level B) 0630 Specilties 0930 Special Electrical Systems0120 Special (level B) 0700 Conveying Systems 0940 Communications Systems0200 Substructure 0710 Elevators 0950 Electrical Heating System0210 Slab on Grade 0720 Moving Stairs/Walks 1000 General Conditions0230 Basement Walls 0730 Dumwaiters 1100 Equipment0300 Superstructure 0740 Pneumatic Yubes 1110 Special Equipment0310 Floor Construction 0750 Other Conveying Systems 1120 Furnishings0320 Roof Construction 0800 Mechanical 1130 Special Construction0330 Stair Construction 0810 Plumbing0400 Exterior Closure 0820 HVAC0410 Exterior Walls 0830 Fire Protection0420 Exterior Doors and Windows 0840 Medical Gases 1200 Site Work0500 Roofing 0850 Sewage Treatment 1210 Site Preparation0600 Interior Construction 0900 Electrical Systems 1220 Site Improvement0610 Partitions 0910 Basic Materials 1230 Site Utilities

Total Base Construction Cost