Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi MPH(Aus), MHSM(Aus), MBBS Dept. of
Public Health
Slide 2
The prevalence of malnutrition in Bangladesh is among the
highest in the world. Millions of children and women suffer from
one or more forms of malnutrition including low birth weight,
wasting, stunting, underweight, Vitamin A deficiencies, iodine
deficiency disorders and anemia. Globally, malnutrition is
attributed to almost one-half of all child deaths. 2Dr. Mohammad
Hayatun Nabi
Slide 3
Bangladesh has made good progress in the past decade to achieve
Millennium Development Goal 1, the eradication of extreme poverty
and hunger, more needs to be done. Malnutrition rates have seen a
marked decline in Bangladesh throughout the 1990s, but remained
high at the turn of the decade. Nationally, 41% of children under
five years are moderately to severely underweight and 43.2% suffer
from moderate to severe stunting, an indicator for chronic
malnutrition. 3Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi
Slide 4
Protein energy malnutrition Low birth weight Nutritional anemia
Nutritional blindness Iodine deficiency disorders Seasonal vitamin
deficiency 4Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi
Slide 5
Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) continues to be a major
public health problem in many developing countries. It affects
mostly children under 5 years of age belonging to the poor
underprivileged communities. The condition is particularly serious
during the post weaning stage and is often associated with
infection. 5Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi
Slide 6
Respiratory infection and diarrhea are the common diseases that
precipitate severe PEM and death. Apart from contributing to high
mortality, severe malnutrition can lead to permanent squeal in
those who survive. These include stunted growth, poor learning
ability and reduced work efficiency. 6Dr. Mohammad Hayatun
Nabi
Slide 7
Protein: deficit in amino acids needed for cell structure,
function Energy: calories (or joules) derived from macronutrients:
protein, carbohydrate and fat Micronutrients: vitamin A, B-complex,
iron, zinc, calcium, others 7Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi
Slide 8
Several methods have been suggested for the classification of
PEM. The choice of classification depends on the purpose for which
it is used. In clinical studies, patients with severe PEM are
classified into 3 groups- kwashiorkor, marasmus and marasmic
kwashiorkor. 1. WHO classification 2. Gomez classification 3.
Wellcome classification 8Dr. Mohammad Hayatun Nabi