Low Carbon Growth-State in Asia Pacific region

and APN Strategy

Madan Lall Shrestha

Academician

Nepal Academy of Science and Technology

Asia Pacific Graduates' Youth Forum on Green Economy 25-29 September 2012 Kathmandu, Nepal

Preparing next generation leadership in sustainability and engaging them in Rio+20 and UNFCCC process

An APN funded project

• The Small Earth Nepal (SEN)

• Asia Pacific Mountain Network (APMN)

International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

"Low Carbon Green Growth"

Copenhagen Accord/2: ….We should cooperate in achieving the peaking of global and national emissions as soon as possible, recognizing that the time frame for peaking will be longer in developing countries and bearing in mind that social and economic development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of developing countries and that a low-emission development strategy is indispensable to sustainable development.

Green Growth

A path of economic growth which uses natural resources in a sustainable manner. It is used globally to provide an alternative concept to standard economic growth

• Green growth strategies can help economies and societies become more resilient as they work to meet demands for food production, transport, housing, energy and water. Strategies can help mitigate the impacts of adverse shocks by reducing the intensity of resource consumption and environmental impacts, while alleviating pressure on commodity prices.

• The term green growth has been used to describe national or international strategies.

• Green growth, as agreed at the fifth Ministerial

Conference on Environment and Development in Asia and the Pacific, is a strategy for achieving sustainable development.

• It is focused on overhauling the economy in a way that synergizes economic growth and environmental protection, building a green economy in which investments in resource savings as well as sustainable management of natural capital are drivers of growth.

Examples

• Korea: In Korea green growth has become the national strategy model. Lee Myung Bak, the president of Korea, has embraced a vision of Low Carbon, Green Growth as the core of the Republic’s new vision on 60th anniversary of the founding of the nation.

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1. National Strategy of Low-carbon Green Growth

Join the world’s top 7 green leaders by 2020 and the world’s top five by 2050

adaptation to

climate change

& energy independence

1. Effective GHG mitigation

2. Reduced dependence on oil & enhanced energy independence

3. Capacity building for adaptation to climate change

creation of new growth

engines

4. Development of green technology as a new growth engine

5. Greening of industries and promotion of green industry

6. Advancement of industrial structure

7. Establishment of the foundation for green economy

improved quality of life

& enhanced national

standing

8. Creation of green land and transportation

9. Green revolution in life

10. Global leader in green growth

3 Strategies / 10 Policy Directions

Vision

Setting of national GHG mitigation target

Implementation of GHG mitigation

measures for each sector such as disclosure

of information on carbon emissions and

carbon circulation & absorption

Setting of national

long-term GHG

mitigation target

(Nov. 2009)

1. Effective GHG Reduction

Policy Priorities

Main Goal

Innovation of energy efficiency and

management of energy demand for each sector

Promotion of new and renewable energy

Increase of credibility of nuclear power and the

share of nuclear power plants

Energy Independence

2. Energy Independence

Main Goal

100% (’50)

(’20)

(’09)

50%

32%(e)

Policy Priorities

2. 10 Key Policy Directions

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Enhancement of climate monitoring and

prediction capacity

Analysis of climate change vulnerability

Securing and management of stable supply of

water resources

3. Strengthened Adaptation Capacity

Main Goal

Strategic expansion of investment in green R&D

Development & commercialization of 27 key

green technologies (secondary cell, LED, CCS,

low-emission vehicles, CC prediction, etc.)

Promotion of green IT

Increased share of investment in green tech.

4. Promotion of Green Technology

Main Goal

Securing of water resources

30% (’50)

(’20)

(’09)

25%

16%

22.2bil㎥ (’50)

(’20)

(’09)

21.4bil㎥

18.6bil㎥

Policy Priorities Policy Priorities

2. 10 Key Policy Directions

9

4. Examples of the Policies

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Green Production & Green Consumption

Carbon labeling pilot project implemented (Jul. ’08~)

- 10 products obtain certification: LG drum washers, Woongjin water purifiers, Kyung

Dong gas boilers, etc.

* carbon labeling: convert the amount of greenhouse gases generated from products through processes

such as production, transportation, use and disposal into the amount of CO2 generated and attach

labels that show the amount of CO2 onto products

Carbon labeling implemented in full swing (Feb. ’09~)

- Increase certified products (from 125 as of Feb. ’10) and provide incentives

to participating businesses

- An agreement on Strategic Program Fund (SPF) projects signed between

the Korean and the British governments (Apr. ’09) and a mutual recognition agreement

signed among certifying agencies (Nov. ’09)

Certification of low-carbon products to be implemented (Mar. ’10~)

- Standards for certification of low-carbon products established (Dec. ’09)

Carbon Labeling

Statement by Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama at the United Nations Summit on Climate Change (New York, 22 September 2009)

2．Reduction targets “Based on the discussion in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), I believe that the developed countries need to take the lead in emissions reduction efforts. It is my view that Japan should positively commit itself to setting a long-term reduction target. For its mid-term goal, Japan will aim to reduce its emissions by 25% by 2020, if compared to the 1990 level, consistent with what the science calls for in order to halt global warming.”

“However, Japan‘s efforts alone cannot halt climate change, even

if it sets an ambitious reduction target. It is imperative to establish a fair and effective international framework in which all major economies participate. The commitment of Japan to the world is premised on agreement on ambitious targets by all the major economies.

“Framework Law for Global Warming Countermeasures ”

12 Mar 2010 Cabinet Decision

“New Growth Strategy” 30 Dec 2009

Cabinet Decision

“Road Map forward 2020/2050” under process

Framework Law

New Growth Strategy

+Basic Master Plan + Action Plan

25% reduction of CO2 emission must NOT give a bad effect to the Japan’s economy and it’s future growth.

25% reduction of CO2 emission should contribute to creation of new environment-related markets and new environment sector jobs.

+World Leading Technology +Comprehensive Policy

Package +Growth from Green

Innovation

Road Map forward

2020/2050

In addition to the global climate change Urbanization

UNEP Green Economy Advisory Services

UNEP Green Economy Advisory Services consist of policy advice, technical assistance and capacity building that are provided to governments in support of their national and regional initiatives to transform and revitalize their economies. The advisory services include:

-Fostering multi-stakeholder dialogue and consultation on green economy;

-Delivering comprehensive Green Economy

Assessments that identify key opportunities and options for a green economy transition at country level;

- Assisting countries in creating Indicators and Measurement Frameworks;

- Identifying and facilitating Policy and Fiscal Instruments that enable and encourage investments in high potential green sectors, while assisting the “greening” of other sectors;

- Supporting Centres of Excellence, enhancing local knowledge and building capacity;

-

- Mainstreaming green economy into national development strategies and UN Development Assistance Framework; and

- Forging partnerships and alliances with national, regional and global institutions.

Creating a more level policy-making playing field

• Increase public awareness and the case for change. Greater visibility on the need for this transition can motivate voters and consumers - not just because of the costs but also the economic benefits generated by a Green Economy, such as new jobs and new markets. People will not adopt policies because they are green. They will do so when they believe it is in their interest.

• Promote new indicators that complement GDP. Planning agencies and finance ministries should adopt a more diverse and representative set of economic indicators that focus less exclusively on growth and track the pace and progress of development.

• Open up government decision-making processes to the public and civil society. This would help ensure policies are accountable to the public and not to vested and well-connected interests.

Inter-governmental Network to foster global change research in the Asia-Pacific region Established in ‘96 as a result of the ‘90 White House Conference on Science & Economics Research Related to Global Change 22 Member countries Full time Secretariat in Kobe, Japan since ’99 Major activities Funding research projects (ARCP) Funding capacity building projects (CAPaBLE) Science-policy linkages

WHAT IS APN?

What do we mean by “Global Change”?

The set of natural and human-induced changes in the Earth; in its physical and biological systems that, when aggregated, are significant at a global scale……….

Global Change Research is research regarding global change and its implications for sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region

Pacific Island Countries and Singapore are approved countries whose scientists are eligible to receive funding under APN awards.

APN MEMBER COUNTRIES

The APN is sponsored by the governments of: Japan (Ministry of the Environment and Hyogo Prefecture) New Zealand (Ministry for the Environment) Republic of Korea (Ministry of Environment) United States of America (National Science Foundation, US Global Change Research Program)

FINANCIAL RESOURCES

The APN supports investigations that will:

MISSION

APN GOALS

Supporting regional cooperation in global change

research on issues particularly relevant to the region

Strengthening appropriate interactions among

scientists and policy-makers, and providing scientific

input to policy decision-making and scientific

knowledge to the public

Improving the scientific and technical capabilities of

nations in the region, including the transfer of know-how

and technology

Cooperating with other global change networks and organisations

Evaluation of Projects under the ARCP and

CAPaBLE Programmes

APN-funded projects overall had very good success in

terms of meeting the five goals stated in

the APN Second Strategic Phase

(2005-2010).

Key Highlights of

Institutional Development

Increased membership and further developed the APN Framework document

Initiated Country Reports submission which have been used to streamline and plan the APN’s strategies

Established Southeast and South Asia Sub-Regional Committees that improved the flow of information among members of the APN at the sub-regional level and strengthened collaboration with key partners

Engaged at numerous international fora organised by the global change community and other institutions including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of Parties and Meeting of the Parties (COP/MOP) and Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) and also in a number of outreach activities

Devised Communications and Resources Development Strategies

Completed the review process of all three APN agendas based on the strategies outlined in the 2nd Strategic Plan and formulated the 3rd Strategic Plan

a) demonstrate its work within and

outside the region;

b) effectively communicate the outcomes of the

projects it supports;

c) strategically disseminate the

results and outputs of its activities to the

global change community; and

d) enhance communications among the APN

organs and with the wider global change

community.

APN recognises that effective communication is crucial to the success

of any organisation and has been working hard to strengthen the

implementation of its Communication Strategy to…

COMMUNICATIONS and DEVELOPMENT

Strategies for communications

and recent developments

Continue to produce and improve the information materials translated in vernacular language of member countries and various communication tools

Develop special publications: synthesis reports, book, policy-relevant document

Attract favourable media attention and increase visibility through news/press releases and pro-active communication with editors at the newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television stations and/or television networks in APN member countries

Contributors Editors: Michael J MANTON Lance HEATH James SALINGER Linda Anne STEVENSON

Contributing Authors: Wenjie DONG (China) Lance HEATH (Australia) Srikantha HERATH (Japan) Kanayathu KOSHY (Malaysia) Won-Tae KWON (Republic of Korea) Rodel LASCO (Philippines) AILIKUN (China) Michael J MANTON (Chairperson, Australia) James SALINGER (New Zealand) Madan Lall SHRESTHA (Nepal) Linda Anne STEVENSON (Japan)

New projects and activities for 2010/11

APN New Focused Activity on Low Carbon Initiatives

FY2012/2013 to FY2014/2015 Budget US$300,000 (April 2012/March 2013) Components (TBD) 1) Regional-base research activities (in line with ARCP): approx. 50% of available funds

• Competitive joint research activities within the Asia-Pacific region • Conducted by at least three member countries, two of which are developing countries • Thematic criteria

Research to develop/deepen components of integrated assessment models Research on low-carbon development pathways and scenarios in a regional scale Cross-cutting research on low carbon development including studies on traditional knowledge in the

region

2) Capacity building activities (in line with CAPaBLE): approx. 30% of available funds • Scientific capacity development activities within the Asia-Pacific region • Conducted in at least one developing member country • Thematic criteria

Training workshops to develop capacity of scientists for formulating low carbon scenarios and pathways

Dialogues between researchers and national/local policy makers in developing member countries Development of educational tool-kits on law carbon development (possible to shift to joint

research activities)

3) Networking/Communication activities: approx. 20% of available funds • Networking events co-organized by APN and LoCARNet

Note: As for ARCP and CAPaBLE, refer to the 2012 Calls for Proposals in the APN Website, http://www.apn-gcr.org/

APN Low Carbon Initiatives / Schedule (TBD)

Tuesday 10th July: Launch Call for “Expressions of interest” with respect to proposals for 1) regional research and 2) capacity building projects

21st September : Deadline of “Expressions of interest

(Review of Expression of interest. Then ask proponents who pass the review for submitting full proposals)

Friday 19th October 2012: Deadline of submission of full proposals

(Review of full proposals)

30th October to mid-November: Recommendations by experts representing APN (i.e., Scientific Planning Group (SPG) and Capacity Development Committee)

By December 2012: Endorsement of funded projects by APN Steering Committee and announcement of the results

From January 2013: Contract of funded projects with APN Secretariat

ENGAGEMENT OF THE GC COMMUNITY

For more information, please visit:

www.apn-gcr.org

or email

info@apn-gcr.org

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