Dr. Chandra Amaravadi

Western Illinois University

INTRO TO ENTERPRISE DATABASES - II

IN THIS PRESENTATION..

Review of concepts from IDatabase OrganizationDBMS activities and functions

Database approachDatabase application

Data vs Information Attribute, primary keyFileRecordFile processing DBMS activities, SQL, QBEDevelopment cycle

CONCEPTS INTRODUCED

Database – A group of related filesFile/table – A group of related recordsRecord – a grouping of related fieldsAttr. value – value of an attr. e.g. hair color

Attribute – property of an entity classSchema -- This is the logical view of the database (tables and fields)Primary key – An attribute whose values are unique within a fileSecondary key – Any other attribute

Database

Files/tables

Records

Attr. values

DATABASE ORGANIZATION

Primary key

Record

Attr. values

Attributes/field namesStructure/schema

DATABASE ORGANIZATION

PROD# DESCR. PRICE QUANTITY

IR888E Refrigerator $1,800 20

TS3233 Television $67 32Record

THE DATA BASE APPROACH

Enterprise

Entity classesEntity classes

Data model(ER model)

File 2

File 1

Data base

cust.cust.

emp.emp.

Information!

THE DATABASE APPROACH..

Organizations need to collect and manage information.

Typically this need can be summarized in terms of entity classes and their relationships

Known as a data model/ER model ER model is converted to database model Implemented

THE BASIC CONCEPTS

Entity – Individual example of person, place or thing.Entity Class – Collection of related entities.Attributes – Properties of entity classes about which we would like to collect information.

DISCUSSION

John San Francisco (as a city) Customer Book Store# Xbox Microsoft Microsoft employees Invoice Production

Classify the following as entity, entity class or attribute

AN EXAMPLE DATABASE APPLICATION

COMMON APPLICATIONS OFDATABASES

Customers, products, vendors, orders Personnel, benefits Stock trades Financial transactions Orders search engines

THE STUDENT ADMINISTRATIONAPPLICATION

ID and personal information Courses Registration Academic history Alumni

The student administration application database consistsof the following tables:

What attributes are associated with each of these tables?

AN EXAMPLE APPLICATION..

• registration• transcripts

• process applns.• admissions D.M.

REGISTRARADMISSIONS

COURSESCHEDULING

• instructor/room assignment•generate schedule•avoid conflicts

• prospects• mailings

MARKETING

StudentAdmin.

database

Admissions enter information into database Printed in form of a report Checked if students meet requirements Student certificates validated Marked as accepted/rejected Student is cleared for registration

System keeps track of registrations Checks clashes/ class limits Monitors enrollment Prints statistics

THE STUDENT ADMINISTRATIONAPPLICATION

THE STUDENT ADMINISTRATIONTHE STUDENT ADMINISTRATIONAPPLICATION..APPLICATION..

ID Table

• Id• First/last/MI•Student or faculty?

Joins the U.

Personal info. Table

• Id• First/last/MI•DOB•GenderWhat DBMS

Activity does this correspond to?

AN EXAMPLE APPLICATION..

Course Info. table

• Course#• ?• ?• ?• ?• ?

Registers

• id•Course#•Term•Etc.

Registration table

AN EXAMPLE APPLICATION..

Grade table

• ?• ?• ?• Term

Completes course

AN EXAMPLE APPLICATION..

Academic history

• id• course#• term• term GPA• cum GPA• Grade

Graduates

• id•Year graduated• degree• major

Alumni table

REPORTS AND QUERIES

List of students who graduated List of students currently enrolled & their majors List of students on hold List of students who started in the current semester List of students having GPA > 3.0

REPORTS AND QUERIES..

WESTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY 10/12/2013

ACADEMIC STANDING REPORTFALL 2013

STUDENT ID LAST NAME FIRST NAME ADDR PHONE# CODE

11898999 Roper Mark 12 Oak 837-9875 GS 11988844 Pilani Maryann 4 Aggres 976-8999 PS

GS -- Good standingPS -- Poor standing

SUMMARY OF DBMS ACTIVITIES

Define structure /schema Enter data modify data query data get reports

Activities with DBMS

REVIEW QUESTIONS

Why are databases important? What is the difference between a database and a DBMS? Which is a bigger item, a file or a field? What is data definition? What are some common DBMS activities? What is a data entry form used for? What is SQL? QBE? Do databases deal with data or information? What is a file? How do we get data out of the database? Is a student an entity class or an attribute? What is a synonym for an attribute?