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Public Administration (Main) 2002Paper I

Section A1. Answer any three of the following in not more

than 200 words each:(a) Though there at certain points of

similarity between public and privateadministration yet no private organisationcan ever be exactly the same as a publicone. - Examine.

(b) Civil society exists to ensure thatgovernment does provide goodgovernance. Discuss.

(c) Public corporations are not an end inthemselves but an extension of thegovernment activities designed topromote public welfare. - Substantiate.

(d) Dicey was wrong not only in his conceptof the rule of law, but he also overlookedthe significance of the administrative law.- Comment.

2. Describe the evolution of the discipline ofpublic administration with special emphasison post 1970 developments.

3. Explain the contribution of George Elton Mayoto the development of the Human RelationsSchool. How did behavioural scientists modifyhis basic findings ?

4. Compare Abraham Maslows theory ofmotivation and Herzbergs motivation -hygiene theory. Do you think that they areuniversally applicable ? If so, why ? If not,why not?

Section B

5. Answer any three of the following in not morethan 200 words each:(a) Development administration is

concerned with maximising innovationfor development. - Discuss.

(b) Public policy is what politics is about. -Substantiate.

(c) The doctrine of political neutrality andanonymity is no more relevant to moderncivil service. - Comment.

(d) Auditing in Government is an exercisein post-mortem. - Examine.

6. Analyse the constitutional, political andoperational dimensions of employer -employee relations. What are yoursuggestions to bring about a satisfactoryrelationship between them ?

7. How did Fred W. Riggs conceptualise theinteractions between administrative systemsand their environment?

8. Examine the government budget as aninstrument of public policy and a tool oflegislative control.

Public Administration (Main) 2002Paper II

Section A1. Comment on any THREE of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) The value premises of our Constitution

in the era of global constitutionalism.(b) Indian federalism is described as federal

in form but unitary in spirit.(c) Rural and urban development

programmes have gained in importance,

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but implementation has been a failure.(d) The role of public sector has been

changing tremendously in the context ofliberalisation.

2. After independence, despite the change insocio economic and political milieu, the basicfeatures of colonial impact on administrationcontinues to exist in our administrativesystem. Comment.

3. (a) The central secretariat is a policyformulating, co-ordinating andsupervisory agency besides being theprincipal executive agency of thegovernment. Explain.

(b) Collector is the representative of theState government in the district and alsorepresents public interest. Comment.

4. The role of local self-government in the stateadministration is of considerable importance.Evaluate the statement in the context of the73rd and 74th amendments made.

Section B5. Comment on any THREE of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) All India Services as an institution is the

result of history.(b) The role of Comptroller and Auditor

General is a limited one.(c) National Development Council has

virtually become a super - cabinet andtries to arrogate itself the functions ofParliament.

(d) Public undertakings no longer occupycommanding heights.

6. The machinery for welfare administration atthe national and state level trickling down tograssroots becomes meaningless in thecontext of global constitutionalism. Discuss.

7. (a) Culturally sanctioned values andsymbols have acted as importantinfluencing catalyst in administration. -Elaborate.

(b) The problems of administrativeimprovement in India are larger andmore complex than in any other country

in the world. - Comment.

8. Womens development programmes ofrecent have shifted from welfarist approachto empowerment of women. - Elaborate.


Section A

1. Answer any THREE of the following in notmore than 200 words each:(a) The advent of the concept of roll back

of the state since the nineteen eightieshas been altering the role of PublicAdministration but certainly notdiminishing its central place in humansociety. Discuss.

(b) Weberian model of bureaucracy lacksempirical validity when applied to moderndemocratic administration. Examine.

(c) The New Public Management (NPM) isan incarnation of a new model of publicsector management in response of thechallenges of liberalization, internationalcompetitiveness and technologicalchanges. Explain.

(d) Citizens charter is the most importantinnovation in the context of promotionof customer-orientation ofadministration. Discuss.

2. Give an account of major landmarks in thegrowth of the discipline of PublicAdministration in the 20th century. What arethe possible trends in its growth in the firstdecade of 21st century ?

3. Account for the increasing corruption inAdministration. Suggest remedies to curbadministrative corruption.

4. What is morale ? State its significance andsuggest methods to foster and sustain moralein an organization.

Section B

5. Answer any THREE of the following in notmore than 200 words each:



(a) Organisations today seem to invest ininformation and information systems, buttheir investments often do not seem tomake sense. Comment.

(b) Development Administration has twoimportant aspects viz. theadministration of development and thedevelopment of administration. Explain.

(c) Training is practical education in anyprofession, not only to improve skills butalso to develop attitudes and scheme ofvalues necessary for effectiveperformance. Elaborate.

(d) Legislative controls over finances areinadequate and incomplete. Comment.

6. Examine the needs and facts ofadministrative reforms in the fast changingscenario of the 21st century. What are theobstacles to administrative reforms? Givesuggestions to overcome them.

7. Comment on the role of public administrationin policy making and its implementation.What are the other factors influencing thepolicy process ?

8. What are the various institutional devicesavailable for the redressal of citizensgrievances against the excesses andmalfunctioning of administration ? Howsuccessful have they been?


Section A1. Comment on any three of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) The Arthashastra is Indias oldest

complete text on public administration.(b) Though India emerged as a sovereign

state after Independence, theadministrative system remained thesame as was during the British period.

(c) Despite all the powers that he has, theIndian Prime Minister cannot become adictator.

(d) District Collector has increasinglybecome multi-dimensional.

2. Looking back to our past experience, thefear that the emergency provisions can bemisused have at times proved right andwrong at other times. Discuss withexamples.

3. (a) Article 163 makes the Governor the solejudge in matters in which he is requiredto act in his discretion. Explain.

(b) It is at the district level that the commonman comes into direct contact with theadministration. Elucidate.

4. The steady expansion and the gradualdecline of the public sector has been one ofthe most conspicuous development in post-Independence India. Discuss this statementand suggest measures to arrest the declineof the public sector in India.

Section B5. Comment on any three of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) The size of the leviathan goes on

expanding, despite the countrys recentcommitment to downsiz ing orrightsizing.

(b) Questions represent a powerfultechnique of parliamentary control overexpenditure.

(c) A distinctive feature of the Indianadministration, since Independence, hasbeen the noticeable efforts undertakento make the administrative systemeffectively reach and respond to citizensgrievances.

(d) Indian planning is highly centralized.

6. In-service training of officers belonging tohigher civil services has been perhaps themost conspicuous development in Indianadministration. Discuss with reference totraining designed for the IndianAdministrative Service officers.(a) Criminalization of politics in India has

been extended to politicization ofcriminals. Comment.



(b) NGOs are fast replacing the governmentin the implementation of a large numberof programmes. Elucidate.

8. Information technology, if properly used,can bring about sweeping changes in thenature of governance in India. Discuss thecurrent status and future possibilities aboutthe use of information technology in thegovernance of India.


Section A1. Answer any THREE of the following questions

in not more than 200 words each:(a) Bureaucracy can exist only where the

whole service of the state is removedfrom the common political life of thepeople, its chiefs as well as rank andfile. Its motives, its objectives, its policy,its standards must be bureaucratic. -Discuss.

(b) Motivation theory is not synonymouswith behaviour theory. The motivationsare only one class of determinants ofbehaviour while behaviour is almostalways motivated, it is also almost alwaysbiologically, culturally and situationallydetermined as well. Comment.

(c) Delegated Legislation is not absolute.Explain.

(d) Public Policy is not an independentvariable and human history shows littleevidence of systematic learning frompolicy experience. Discuss.

2. Democracy and rood governance arecontradictions in terms. Discuss withexamples.

3. Webers ideas of impersonal detachment andesprit de corps are incompatible. Explain.

4. Discuss the legal and political implications ofRight to information. Is it a feasible conceptin the developing countries ?

Section B5. Answer any THREE of the following questions

in not more than 200 words each:(a) Policy is a decision driven model of

research use. Explain.(b) Civil Service neutrality is a thing of the

Past. Discuss.(c) Recruitment is the backbone of Public

Administration. Explain.(d) The administrator needs autonomy and

discretion in much the same way as thepolitician needs control and intervention.Discuss.

6. What is Information Technology ? Describeits impact on Public Administration.

7. Explain the meaning, significance and Modelsof Comparative Public Administration.

8. Describe the changing profile of DevelopmentAdministration and identify its efforts towardspeoples empowerment.


Section A1. Comment on any THREE of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) The main features of Briti sh

governmental and administrative systemcontinue to influence the presentAdministrative System.

(b) The National Human Rights Commissionis unable to play its role effectively dueto various hindrances.

(c) Presidents of India prior to the passageof 42 and 44" amendment could affordto be more assertive.

(d) The highly significant and elevatedposition of Chief Secretary is significantlyundermined in practice to-day.

2. The position of Governors towards exercisingtheir discretion and powers has considerablychanged after 1967. Discuss.

3. (a) The district officer as a chief agent andrepresentative of state serves as achannel of communication between theGovernment and the residents of thedistrict. Explain.



(b) In the context of liberalisation the roleof Public Sector and its welfaristapproach is being drastically changed.Elucidate.

4. The special development programmes takenup for poverty alleviation with a hope thatbenefits of these programmes may reach tothe people living below poverty line - haveutterly failed to achieve its objectives.Comment.


not more than 200 words each:(a) The Estimates Committee is a continuous

economy committee.(b) Values, more than techniques are the

eventual determinants of the actions ofthe administrators.

(c) National Development Council wasestablished to co-ordinate betweenUnion government, the PlanningCommission and the State governments.

(d) Criminalisation of politics has beenresponsible for the problems related tolaw and order in our nation.

6. Welfare of the people has been aconstitutional and legal obligation of the state,wherein both the Centre and StateGovernments are required to discharge theobligation within available resources. Doesthis stand true in the context of globali-zation ?

7. (a) In spite of valuable suggestions throughAdministrative Reforms, still we havenot been able to come up to theexpectations of the people. Discuss.

(b) Effective implementation of planprojects has been the weakest link inthe chain of the entire planningprogramme. Elucidate.

8. One of the greatest weakness inherent in aFederal polity is the possibility of conflict ofloyalty and responsibility on the part of publicservants as between Central and StateGovernments. - Elaborate and comment.



than 200 words each:(a) Administrative question are not political

questions. Discuss.(b) Organisation is a system of consciously

coordinated activities or forces of twoor more persons. Comment.

(c) In Folletts view, authority belongs tothe job and stays with the job. Explain.

(d) The failure of classical science ofadministration lies in its capacity toconfront theory with evidence. Discuss.

2. In what ways and how can informationtechnology play a crucial role in effectivegovernment-citizen interaction in the contextof good governance ?

3. Today the content of administrative law isdriven primarily by the scope of publicadministration activity. Explain.

4. What is judicial activism ? How far has it beensuccessful in exercising a check overadministration ?

Section B5. Answer any three of the following in not more

than 200 words each:(a) Development administration is starved

for theories which will guide the poolingof empirical knowledge, orient newresearch, and recommend administrativepolicy. Explain.

(b) If positions are the raw material ofclassification, class is the operating unit.Discuss.

(c) The budget is an instrument ofcoordination. Explain.

(d) No science of public administration ispossible unless.... there is a body ofcomparative studies from which it maybe possible to discover principles andgeneralities that transcend nationalboundaries and peculiar historical



experiences. Discuss.

6. Why do public organisations evaluateemployees performance ? How canperformance evaluation systems affectemployees behaviour ? How canadministration effectively evaluateemployees?

7. Give an assessment of the processes of policyformulation and discuss the problems ofpolicy implementation.

8. Why does the issue of budgeting as politicsversus budgeting as analysis remainimportant in the budgeting process? Do youagree that some synthesis of the twopositions seems possible? Illustrate.


Section A

1. Comment on any three of the following innot more than 200 words each:(a) The Mughal Administrative System was

a military rule by nature and wascentralized despotism.

(b) The veto-power of the Indian Presidentis a combination of the absolute,suspensive and pocket veto.

(c) The District Collector is an overburdenedofficer due to the expansion andincreasing developmental activities.

(d) A strong PMO is a salvation for anyIndian Prime Minister, but concentrationof power is a danger to democracy.

2. The Chief Minister symbolizes ruling powerstructure and is the real executive head ofthe State Government. Discuss the abovestatement in the light of his position in aCoalition Government.

3. (a) The Cabinet Secretariat provides theeyes and ears for the Prime Minister tokeep in touch with the process of officialbusiness in Central Government.Comment.

(b) The primary emphasis in District

Administration has to be onimplementation of developmentprogrammes in cooperation with activesupport of people. Elucidate.

4. Even after a decade of having adopted the73rd Amendment to the Constitution, thePanchayat Raj institution still faces a numberof problems towards making it a strong, andvibrant unit of Government. Comment.


not more than 200 words each:(a) One of the most distinctive

characteristics of Indian AdministrativeService is its multipurpose character.

(b) Public Accounts Committee conducts apost mortem examination of PublicAccounts.

(c) Efforts made towards administrativereforms so far have been lacking in acongruence between strategy, structureand substance.

(d) The role played by Central and StateGovernments in maintaining law andorder is inadequate and unmatched togrowing criminalization.

6. From highly centralized planning system,India has moved towards indicative planningunder which long-term strategic vision of thefuture is built and nations priorities aredecided. Elucidate.

7. (a) Audit provides a healthy safeguardagainst public money going down thedrain. Comment.

(b) National Development Council iscriticized as an usurping authority -functioning as a virtual super-cabinet.Explain.

8. TheLokayuktas inStates havenot succeededin tackling mal-administration, while the Billon Lokpal still faces stiff opposition on thefloor of the Parliament. Comment.





than 200 words each:(a) If public administration is to play a major

legitimising role in governing ourcomplex society, it needs to be more fullyconceptualised. Discuss.

(b) Simon s work has had majorimplications for the study of publicadministration and the practice of publicadministration profess ionalism.Comment.

(c) The main problem with Mary ParkerFolletts work is that her idealism isshowing Explain.

(d) Autonomy and accountability in PublicEnterprises cannot walk together.Explain.

2. Critically examine the Classical Science ofAdministration with special reference to itscriticism by Dwight Waldo and Robert Dahl.

3. Define the term civil society. How does civilsociety influence the public policy ?

4. Today the content of administrative law isdriven primarily by the scope of publicadministrative activity. Explain.

Section B5. Answer any three of the following questions

in not more than 200 words each:(a) The rise of information technology is

an opportunity to overcome historicaldisabilities. Explain.

(b) Audit continues to be considered assomething alien, something extraneousand something of the nature of animpediment. Explain.

(c) Nothing comes across more stronglythan the great naivete about policyimplementation. Discuss.

(d) Successfully implementing budgetingapproach _ requires favourable incentivestructures. Discuss.

6. Do you agree with the view that developmentadministration has in recent years lost itsimpetus without making any significant

intellectual breakthrough ? Discuss.

7. To what extent has the human relationsmovement contributed to the knowledge andpractice within the field of personneladministration ?

8. Discuss the main approaches to increase theefficiency of government and publicadministration.


Section A1. Comment on any three of the following in

not more than 200 words each:(a) In the happiness of his subjects lies the

kings happiness; in their welfare hiswelfare. Comment on Kautilyan stateadministration. In what respects ismodern democratic rulers behaviourdifferent from Kautilyan rulers ?

(b) The basic values of the Constitution ofIndia enshrine social, political andeconomic philosophy symbolisingsovereignty of the people, rule of lawand basic characteristics of a socialist,secular, democratic, republic. Comment.

(c) The 73rd and 74th ConstitutionalAmendments are major landmarks inIndias Constitutional History and LocalGovernance. Comment.

(d) Not the Potomac, but the Thames,fertilizes the flow of Yamuna. In the lightof the statement comment on thesymbolic institution of the President ofIndia.

2. The role played by the National HumanRights Commission in maintaining andpreserving dignity of Indias citizen has beensatisfactory and up to the expectations.Elucidate.

3. Indian Prime Minister should not only beaccountable to the Indian Parliament butshould appear to be so.Comment on the accountability of the PrimeMinister to the Indian Parliament in thecontext of extra-constitutional power.



4. The District Collector, the Additional DeputyCommissioner and Sub-Divisional Officer,have virtually become officers-in-attendanceand have lost initiative and independent ofjudgement. Comment.


not more than 200 words each:(a) The generalist character of I.A.S. is its

chief characteristic as well as its chiefcriticism. Comment.

(b) All efforts in the field of reforms in publicadministration by the political executivehave resulted in no significant output.Comment.

(c) By taking some offices out of thejurisdiction of the Office of Profit Act, theGovernment of India has doubly assuredthe public mind of its duplicity.

(d) Audit, like the judiciary, the executiveand the legislature is one of the importantingredients of democracy. Comment.

6. The main problem of Centre-State relationsin India is bottlenecks in fiscal federalism.Comment.

7. Lok-Ayuktas are judicial institutions withoutadequate teeth. Comment.

8. (a) Critically evaluate the policies of theUnion Government with regard to thewelfare of women and children of Indiain not more than 200 words.

(b) What measures have been taken by theUnion and the States for the welfare ofwomen in the profession of sex ?

(c) What concrete steps have been takenby the Union and the State Governmentsto protect child labour and prevent abuseof children ?


Section A1. Answer any three of the following questions

in not more than 200 words each:(a) Public and Private Administrations are

two species of the same genus, but theyalso have special values and techniquesof their own. Comment.

(b) Taylors scientific management ignoredsocialand psychological factors.Comment.

(c) The distinction between line and staffis relative rather than absolute. Discuss.

(d) Delegated legislation is a necessaryevil. Examine.

2. Analyse McGregors Theory X and Theory Y.Do you agree with the view that with everypassing year, McGregors message hasbecome more relevant and more important? Substantiate your answer.

3. What is meant by morale ? There is a beliefthat moral and productivity go hand in handand higher the morale, higher theproductivity. Do you agree ? Substantiate.

4. Right to information promotes transparencyand accountability in the working of everypublic authority. Explain.

Section B5. Attempt any three of the following questions

in not more than 200 words each(a) Peoples participation is crucial to

development administration. Comment.(b) Training is essential not only for

efficiency and effectiveness but also forbroadening the vision of the employees.Substantiate.

(c) Not to be comparative is to be naivelyparochial (Riggs). Comment.

(d) Implementing a public policy is aprocess of discovering what works andwhat does not. Examine.

6. Bring out the various techniques of O & Madopted in India to improve efficiency inadministration.

7. The widening gap in emoluments ofgovernment employees versus the publicsector corporations and private sectoremployees has a strong bearing on themotivation and ability to work. Comment.

8. What is performance budgeting ? Bring outits merits, limitations and difficulties.





that 200 words each:(a) Kautilya was not only the foremost

politico administrative thinker of ancientIndia but he was an advocate andpreacher of moral values too. Comment.

(b) Because of several judicialpronouncements, Governors in Statesare no longer viewed as agents of theParty in Power at the Central level.Evaluate.

(c) The President of India acts like grand-parent in a family. If younger generationdoes not follow his/her advice, he/sheis just unable to do anything. Comment.

(d) Memorandum of understanding schemebetween government and publicenterprise has forced public undertakingsto improve the overall performance.Comment.

2. There is a separate Central Ministry orDepartment on each subject allocated to StateList. Does it mean supremacy of the UnionGovernment or an emphasis on developmentadministration ? Analyse.

3. 73rd Constitutional Amendment hasprovided permanent structural framework toPRIs resulting into silent social revolution.Comment.

4. The dispute between Secretariat andDirectorate is the result of Generalist vsSpecialist controversy. Analyse.


than 200 words each:(a) The blame for our poor public sector

performance can be laid on the way ourbureaucracy is structured. Comment.

(b) Parl iamentary DepartmentalCommittees have played their roleeffectively in analysing the demands forgrants. Evaluate.

(c) In spite of having Constitutional statusthe District Planning Committee is notable to implement decentralisedplanning due to centralised nature ofeconomic planning. Comment.

(d) A well-designed module-based trainingfor Civil Servants is the best way toachieve the goals of good governance.Analyse.

6. If information is power, nothing can perhapsempower a citizen more than the secret anddevelopmental informations held by variouspublic authorities. Analyse the merits anddemerits of RTI Act, 2005 in the light of thisstatement.

7. National Commission to review the workingof the Constitution has suggestedrevolutionary changes in administrativeculture. Analyse its major recommendationson Civil Services and Administration.

8. (a) Critically analyse the functions and roleof Ministry of Social Justice andEmpowerment with regard todevelopment of disabled persons in Indiain not more than 200 words.

(b) Define Civil Society. Is it an effectiveorgan to control administrativemachinery? Comment.

(c) Social (Welfare) Administration in Indiais witnessing specialization and fasterexpansion of its administrative agencies.Evaluate.


Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks : 300

Candditates should attempt Questions Nos. 1and 5 which are compulsory, and any three ofthe remaining questions selection at least one

question from each Section.


in not more than 200 words each:20 3 = 60

(a) Calling Woodrow Wilson, the father of



Public Administration is doing injusticeto equally or even more eminentcontributions made prior to him.Comment.

(b) Leaders do the right things; managersdo them rightly. (Bennis) Comment.

(c) Mary Parker Follett was far ahead ofher times. Discuss.

(d) Instruments of public accountability canbe truly effective only if the people andtheir associations, backed by aresponsible media, are assertively pro-active. Comment.

2. In the last two decades, almost all countriesof the world have experiencedtransformations in their administrativesystems. Explain this phenomenon withexamples from the developed and thedeveloping nations in the context of NewPublic Management Movement. 60

3. Examine the respective roles of facts andvalues in the decision-making process. Is itpossible to make value-free decisions ingovernment system ? How can governmentdecisions be made more rational ? 60

4. To claim that a company or a corporationform is always more effective than adepartmental form of organization is anoutdated view. The real test of a soundstructure is its capacity to balance decisionalautonomy and operational flexibility withoptimal accountability. Critically examine thisstatement. 60



(a) Laxity in monitoring and evaluation canrender even the best policiesinfructuous. Discuss.

(b) e-governance has the potentiality toemerge as the most effective instrumentof efficiency, transparency andaccountability. Comment.

(c) Truly comparative administrative studies

are empirical, nomothetic andecological. (Riggs) In this perspective,examine the current status ofComparative Public Administration.

(d) Training has proved its incapacity tochange the attitudes, behaviour andvalues of civil servants. Do you agreewith this statement ?

6. To talk of administrative modernization andstill continue with the conventional practiceof public personnel administration is a grossincongruity. Offer suggestions to initiateradical reforms in Human ResourceManagement of public administrativesystems. 60

7. Good economics and bad politics cannotcoexist in a sound budgetary process.Discuss this statement in the context of thedevelopmental challenges in countriesexperiencing competitive politics. 60

8. In certain discourses, there is a reflectedbasic distrust against bureaucracy as aninstrument of development. Do you thinkbureaucracy is more appropriate forregulatory administration than fordevelopment administration ? In the changingprofile of development administration in aliberalizing environment, what role ofbureaucracy can be envisaged ? 60


Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 300Candidates should attempt Question Nos. 1 and5 which are compulsory, and any three of the

remaining questions selecting at least onequestion from each Section.


that 200 words each : 20 3 = 60(a) The shift from the Nehruvian to the

liberalisation model of development hasnecessitated reinventing government.Comment.

(b) Economic Development and Social



justice are the hallmarks of the 1992Constitutional Amendment Acts.Elucidate.

(c) District Administration is like a smalltortoise carrying the load of an elephant.Discuss.

(d) Some features of MughalAdministration, in essence, do exist inIndian Administration. . Elaborate.

2. There is constant and continuous collisionbetween bureaucratic values and democraticvalues which adversely affects development.In the light of this statement examine therole of bureaucracy in development. 60

3. (a) What are the tension areas in Union-State relations in Planning ?

(b) Discuss the problems in the planningprocess at the state and sub-state levels.

30 + 30 = 604. The Chief Minister is the real executive of

the State, whose effectiveness is largelyrelated to his personality traits and equationwith central leadership. Explain and illustratewith relevant examples. 60


than 200 words each : 20 3 = 60(a) In urban governance, uni-functional

agencies and development authoritiescreate a functional jungle. Explain.

(b) In India, there appears to be moredisaster of management thanmanagement of disaster. Comment.

(c) The Budget is more than the economichoroscope of the nation. Comment.

(d) Right to Information Act has led togreater transparency and accountabilityof administration. Comment.

6. (a) Training of civil servants for capacitybuilding should be in consonance withthe needs of the socio-economic andtechnological development of thecountry. Explain.

(b) What are the basic hurdles and pitfalls

in the implementation of the NationalRural Employment Guarantee Act ?

30 + 30 = 607. Describe the changing character and new

orientations of Public Services in India sinceIndependence. 60

8. New Localism is identified with the newLocal State and local activism. Examine howthis has impacted city management in India.

60


Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 300

Section A1. Comment on any THREE of the following

questions in not more than 200 words each20 3 = 60

(a) The field of Public Administration is afield of business. (Woodrow Wilson).

(b) New Public Administration is .... arevolution or radicalism in words, and(at best) status-quo in skil ls ortechnologies.

(c) Taylors contribution was not a set ofgeneral principles for organising workefficiency, but a set of operatingprocedures that could be employed ineach concrete situation to secure theirapplication.

(d) The Barnard-Simon Theory ofOrganisation is essentially a theory ofmotivation.

2. Answer the following in about 300 wordseach: 30 2 = 60(a) Consider the statements below:(i) Technically, the bureaucracy represents

the purest type of legal rational authority.(ii) Bureaucracy does not represent the

only type of legal authority. Identify thetheoretical context and analyse the abovestatements.

(b) Which of the model(s) in developmentadministration is/are characterised bySelectivism, Attainment and



Poly functionalism ? Describe thecorresponding theoretical roots andattributes.

3. It is said that the perspective of publicadministration, developed over a century,with a tradition of management of publicinstitutions and services has received a joltfrom the novelty of New Public Management.Bring out the core values, approaches andassumptions of traditional publ icadministration and show how the New PublicManagement has attempted to change orretain them, and to what extent. 60

4. From Woodrow Wilson to Herbert Simonmost writers on administration have takenthe achievement of efficiency as the centralobjective. Justify the statement withreferences to the work of major writers.

60Section B

5. Attempt any three of the following questionsin not more than 200 words each:

20 3 = 60(a) There is no doubt the

departmentalisation is fraught withcomplexities. These are in part technical,in part political. Discuss.

(b) Techniques like PERT and CPM help ineffective office management.. Elaborate.

(c) ... non-western states often, if notalways, have unbalanced politics, butthese may not necessarily bebureaucratic politics. Discuss.

(d) Yehezkel Drors normative models ofpolicy making tend to be academic inperspective with poor operational utility.Comment.

6. Consider the statements below:(a) Self-Help Groups (SHGs) enable women

to realise their full potential in somespheres of life.

(b) Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are providingavenues of political mobilisation.Examine the implications of these twostatements and assess the potential of

SHGs for development. 607. It is said that position classification, as

originally conceived is sound in terms of itsoperational characteristics, but complicatedand unresponsive in practice. Why is it stillconsidered better than other models of civilservice classification ? 60

8. ... even if policies are well-organized,efficiently operated, widely utilized,adequately financed and supported, we maystill ask, so what ? Do they work ? ... Whatabout their costs, outputs and imact ?Discuss. 60

Public Administration (Main) 2009Paper - II

Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 300

Section A1. Attempt any three of the following in not

more than 200 words each : 3 20 = 60(a) Bureaucracy developed by the British

stifled the village self-rule. Comment.(b) Comment on the view that despite

different contexts, administrative maximsof Kautilya s Arthashastra bearconsiderable similarity with features ofWebers ideal bureaucratic model.

(c) The weakest aspect of Indianadministration is the grievance redressalmachinery. Discuss.

(d) There is no basic contradiction betweenCivil Service neutrality and Civil Serviceactivism. Comment.

2. (a) Law and order problems of thetwenty first century cannot be tackledthrough legislations and structures ofthe nineteenth century. Give sugges-tions for transforming the law and ordermachinery at the State level.

30(b) The recommendations of the Second



Administrative Reforms Commission onreforming the Civil Service are radicalyet implementable. Do you agree ? 30

3. (a) Briefly discuss the mainrecommendations of any two of thefollowing: 30(i) Paul Appleby (1953 and 1956)(ii) Santhanam Committee(iii) Hota Committee(iv) Sixth Pay Commission

(b) Examine the role of the Finance Ministryof the Union Government in designingand implementing monetary and fiscalpolicies. 30

4. (a) Discuss the relationship betweengovernance and development in any oneIndian State, giving illustrations. 30

(b) Do State Services suffer in comparisonwith the All-India and Central Services?Suggest measures for enhancing therole, competence and impact of StateServices. 30


not more than 200 words each :203=60(a) India has failed to devise a long-term

strategy for drought management.(b) A fixed tenure in Civil Service postings

can increase productivity, accountability,and probity in Government.

(c) Sound municipal governance requiresa cadre of specialized municipal servicesexecutives equal in status to StateServices.

(d) Administrative talent of a Ministerdetermined his success.

6. (a) The respective roles of the CabinetSecretary of the Government of Indiaand of the Chief Secretary of a Stateare similar in certain respects, anddissimilar in other. Explain. 30

(b) Do you agree with the view that CitizensCharters in India have not succeeded intheir objective of making theadministrative system citizen centric ?

Analyze and give your suggestions in thisregard. 30

7. (a) The National Human Rights Commissionhas done a commendable job indeveloping a sense of responsibilityamong organizations towards theprotection of human rights. Commenton this assessment. 30

(b) In your view, which have been the fivemost important administrative reformsimplemented after Independence? Whathas been their impact ? 30

8. (a) Values of Indian administration mustbe rooted in the Preamble of the IndianConstitution. Discuss. 30

(b) Many of the programmes ofdevelopment being implemented at theState and the Local level have beeninitiated or financed by the UnionGovernment. This has transformed thenature of Indian federalism. Criticallyexamine this assessment. 30





(a) Not merely governance but goodgovernance is the key factor in achievingthe United Nations Millennium Goals(2000). Explain.

(b) In McGregors view, the managerialcosmology meaningfully addresses theunderstanding of manager and his roleperceptions. Explain.

(c) The successful management leadersare found in Likerts System-4 approach



to organizational leadership. Examine.2. (a) Simons identifying decision-making as

the core field of public administrationappears logical ,acceptable_ but hispositivist underpinning is problematic.Critically examine the statement.

(b) New Public Management is dead; longlive digital era of governance.Comment.

3. Discuss the impact of privatisation on publicadministration with special reference to:

20 3 = 60(a) the issue of users must pay(b) the Public Private Partnership(c) Outsourcing technique

4. Examine the basic principles underlyingcitizens charter 20 3 = 60With special reference to(a) Its administrative philosophy(b) Promoting public accountability(c) Ensuring standards of public service


in not more than 200 words each:20 3 =60

(a) The concept of development is multi-dimensional and ever-expanding.Explain.

(b) The Prismatic model of Riggs is equallyapplicable to developing as well asdeveloped society. Comment.

(c) The market has become the new iconof developmentalism. Comment.

(d) Public administration can be portrayedas a wheel or relationships focused onthe formulation and implementation ofpublic policy. Explain.

6. (a) Explain the Peter Principle in respect ofpromotion policy in a hierarchicalorganization.

(b) Discuss in the connection the case forand against promotion based onseniority.

7. (a) Distinguish fully between the syndicatemethod, role playing method, and T-

Group taining method in personnelmanagement.

(b) Do you think that there is a sort ofparadox between e-Governance andgood governance? Explain fully.

8. (a) Distinguish between PPBS andperformance budgeting.

(b) Briefly discuss the principles of ensuringethics in public service as recommendedin the Nolan Committee Report (1994).

(c) Cost-benefit analysis is a veryunsatisfactory view of evaluating publicpolicy. Comment.



Section AAttempt the following in not more than 200 wordseach: 3 20 = 60

1. (a) The rule of kings depends primarily onwritten orders. Why did Kautilyafavour Codification of Laws?

(b) Is it correct to state that One of themajor reasons for the failure of many.public sector undertakings was dueto departures from the original conceptof autonomy?

(c) Does the emergence of an Empoweredgroup of Ministers at the central levelimpair the doctrine of cabinetresponsibility?

2. (a) It is said that the British made asignificant contribution towardsmodernizing the Indian AdministrativeSystem on a rational-legal basis. Justifythe assessment with reference to theperiod from 1830 to 1865. 30

(b) Comment on the following statements:30



(i) The more developed anadministrative system become thegreater the likelihood that it wouldhave developmental affects.

(ii) The thrust of developmentadministration failed to energise theIndian bureaucracy.

3. (a) With reference to India, discuss theassertion that administrative reforms aremulti-dimensional and need to besubstantiated by reforms in other relatedareas of state action. 30

(b) The prevalence of multiple channels fortransfer of resources from the Centre tothe State is stated to have compoundedthe problems of federal fiscalarrangements. Discuss. 30

4. (a) In an era of hung parliaments the powerof the President expands, more so whenthe incumbent decides to be assertive.Comment on the statement withreference to the situation in India duringthe last two decades. 30

(b) .Judges and Courts have creativelyreinterpreted their statutory authority andexpanded their own power and enhancedtheir standing vis--vis the legislature andexecutive. Critically examine thisassessment. 30


not more than 200 words each:3 20 = 60

(a) Public Interest Litigation (PIL) hasundergone several changes since itsinception in 1980s..

(b) Civil service neutrality is a fiction. Howany thinking person can be neutral?

(c) States with a record of good governance,it is argued by spokespersons of somestates, lost their earlier share from theFinance Commissions award.

6. (a) Explain the context and perspectives ofthe following statements: 30(i) The Planning Commission is an

armchair adviser.(ii) The Planning Commission should

reinvent itself as a systems reformscommission in the backdrop ofchanged global and domesticscenarios.

(b) The Second Administrative ReformsCommission, in its 10th Report, observesthat the common perception is that theincentive structure in government tis tooweak and inadequate to motivate betterperformance. Elucidate. 30

7. Comment on each of the following in notmore than 200 words each:(a) Non-Governmental Organisations play

a catalytic role in enabling communitiesto define their own priorities.

(b) The optimism expressed by theproponents of the Financial Rsponsibilityand Budged Management Act, 2003, inensuring fiscal discipline appears to beunwarranted.

(c) The Jawaharlal Nehru National UrbanRenewal Mission (JNURM) is one of thebigges reforms-linked developmentprogrammes taken up by theGovernment.

8. (a) It is argued that the Bhopal gas disasterand the response pattern to it reflectmultiple vulnerabilities relating to systemsof corporate social responsibility,governance at local, state and centrallevels, and legal safeguards andliabilities.Comment on this assessment. 30

(b) With the creation of new regulatoryagencies in the wake of liberalization,overlapping jurisdictions and conflictsbecame the new trend. Is there needfor the creation of a super-regulator orunified regulator? 30





Section A1. Answer the following questions in not more

than 200 words each: 203=60(a) A crisis of credibil i ty in the

administrative system can be overcomeonly by reinventing government.Comment.

(b) Media is a Parliament of citizens,Explain.

(c) E-governance is the final arrival of MaxWebers iron cage of rationality. Discuss.

2. (a) In a evolution of the discipline of PublicAdministration, Minnow brookConference I, II and III reflect thedisciplines reconceptualisation and itschanging values. Elucidate. 30

(b) Critically examine conflict resolutionaccording to M.P. Follett. Explain howMcGregor took forward her ideas in thecontext of complex organizations. 30

3. (a) Whereas Downs model is largelydependent of a theory of psychologicalmotivation, Niskanens model is framedby neo-classical thinking.In the light of the above, discuss thepublic choice approach to decision-making. 30

(b) The Systems Approach is relevant eventoday for organizational analysis. Discusshow Chester Barnard and David Eastonadopted this approach in their respectiveareas of study.

4. (a) Whereas value for money audit aimsat economy and performance audit seekefficiency, social audit goes beyond both,to examine the effectiveness of aprogramme or activity.Examine this statement with suitableillustrations. 30

(b) (i)Make a critical assessment of Diceysunderstanding of the Rule of Law

15

(ii) Make out a case for DelegatedLegislation. 15

Section B5. Answer the following questions in not more

than 200 words each: 203=60(a) Budget is a series of goals with price-

tags attached. Explain.(b) Polity is being made as it is being

administrated and administered as it isbeing. Comment.

(c) Posit ion Classification can beproblematic. A serious complaint in itspractice is that is dehumanizes theemployee. Discuss

6. (a) Neither Edward Weidner nor Fred Riggswas able to describe the process ofdevelopment administration adequately.Explain the drawbacks and weaknessesin their theoretical analyses. 30

(b) Indicate the milestones in the story ofdevelopment from the Nehruvian Modelto the Liberalisation Model. 30

7. (a) Civil Servants must be moralists inaction, living up to Paul Applebys dictumthat responsible government is ethicalgovernment. Examine this statement inthe fight of good governance.

(b) Critically examine the fol lowingstatements in the field of Policy Science.

(i) The increment list paradigm posits aconservative tendency in public policymaking. 15

(ii) Drors Optional Model is a fusion of theeconomically rational model with theextra-rational model.15

8. (a) (i)What are the main functions of an Oand M office? 15

(ii) A system of Information ties planning andcontrol by managers to the operationalsystem of implementation. Elaborate.15

(b) An administrator uses the budget asframework for communication and co-ordination, as well as for exercisingadministrative discipline throughout theadministrative structure. Explain.





Section A1. Attempt the following in not more than 200

words each: 203=60(a) Over-dependence on bureaucracy for

bringing about socio-economicdevelopment in India has proved to bedysfunctional. Comment.

(b) The performance of Lok Ayuktas invarious States has been uneven.Comment with example.

(c) Explain with appropriate illustrations theinterface between political culture andbureaucratic culture in contemporaryIndia.

2. (a) Discuss the evolution of the role of thePrime Ministers Office (PMO) sinceindependence.

(b) The performance of Lok Ayuktas invarious States has been uneven.Comment with examples.

(c) Explain with appropriate illustrations theinterface between political culture andbureaucratic culture in contemporaryIndia.

2. (a) Discuss the evolution of the role of thePrime Ministers Office (PMO) sinceindependence. 30

(b) Administrative reforms get dilutedbecause of constant tinkering on themargin rather than a holist ictransformation. Discuss the statementin the context of reforming districtadministration in India. 30

3. (a) Comment on the following statement:The Comptroller and Auditor-Generalthat hobbles its functioning, a judge

without the power to sentence and alitigant with no right to appeal.

(b) Indian federalism is passing through astate of potential maturity. Discuss thisstatement in the context of the views ofthe Commission on Centre-StateRelations (Justice M. M. Punchi). 30

4. (a) The theme of Police Reforms continuesto haunt the Parliament. In the right ofthis statement, discuss the state ofCriminal Justice System administrationin India. 30

(b) Performance Appraisal System withspecial reference to the PerformanceManagement and Evaluation System(PMES) are expected to transform thebureaucratic culture of Indianadministration. Do you agree? Givereason. 30

SectionB5. Attempt the following is not more than 200

words each: 203=60(a) The real problem of administrative

reforms in India at the State and the locallevels in that they are imposed fromabove. Comment.

(b) Discuss the basic principles of NewLocalism as a part of the global-localdebate.

(c) Absence of District Planning Committeesin a large number of districts hasprevented convergence of planning at thedistrict level.Examine the above statement withexamples.

6. (a) (i)One Lok Pal, howsoever strong it maybe, cannot eliminate corruption in thepolitico-administrative system in India.Comment. 15

(ii) Grievance redressal system is perhapsthe weakest link in Indias civil servicesmanagement. Comment. 15

(b) Community policing has become a victimof elite capture.Discuss the concept of community



policing and bring out the implicationsof the above statement. 30

7. (a) Can the holding companys structure actas in institutional change to add toefficiency? Give your answer withappropriate illustrations. 30

(b) Examine the institutional vulnerability ofmunicipal governance in the midst of anemerging spectre of multiplepartnerships. 30

8. (a) (i)Identify the different conceptualcategories of disasters. 15

(ii) Write a note on the new culture ofdisaster management. 15

(b) Disaster insurance is desirable but notan easy proposition to implement.Illustrate with suitable examples. 30

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