Down the Ages

8/7/2019 Down the Ages

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Western Art: Significant Periods of Development

Down the Ages


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The Classical Period began

after the defeat of the

Persian invasion at thebattle of Marathon in 490.

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Geometric Period

Geometric Period.

During this time artists

reduced human andanimal body parts into

simple geometric solids,

and their designs were

characterized by linear

motifs, spirals, diamonds

and cross-hatching.

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1. Greek


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The Riace warriors 480-323

B.C.E.

y - greek and roman art is broadly known as classical

art.

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Hellenistic sculptures

y - last phase of Greek art

y -emphasis was still on balance and restraint

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Overthrew the

classical style for

dynamic poses

and

extreme emotions


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The Nike of Samothrace

Statue reigns as the

masterpiece of

the Hellenistic period due

to its

dynamic movement.

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Dying Gaul


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Poseidon or Zeus

and was made about

two centuries earlier

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Lacon group

y - Lacon was a priest of the sun god who according to

mythology was murdered by Poseidon

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Lacon group


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Acropolis, Athens, Greece.


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Doric Ionic Corinthian


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Parthenon, Athens. 447-432 BC.


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Temple of Zeus, Athens.

174 BC 130 AD.


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its acoustics

make the

Epidaurustheatre one of

the great

architectural

achievementsof the fourth

century.

Theatre, Epidaurus, built during the

last quarter of the fourth century B.C.

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Amphitheatre, Epidaurus . 350 BC.


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Roman Sculptures

y -take a step away from idealism and steps toward

realism

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2. Roman 510 B.C.E


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Aphrodite of Melos 1st century

b.c.e.

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Emperor Marcus Aurelius

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Colosseum, Rome 72-80 c.e.


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3. Byzantine Art (c. 500 1200 AD)

y -Byzantine empire

y A Christianized continuation of a much diminished

Roman empire

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3. Byzantine Art (c. 500 1200 AD)

Christ as the Sun, detail of a mosaic under St. Peters

necropolis, Rome. Mid-3rd century.


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apse apsenave

aisles

Typical plan of a Roman basilica.


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Restored view (a), plan (b), and section (c) of Old Saint Peters, Rome, Italy. Begun c.

apsetransept

nave

aisles

atrium

narthexb

a

c


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Reconstructed view of Old Saint Peters.


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St. Pauls Outside the Walls, Rome. Begun c. 385.


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Constantine the Great. 325 26.

Marble, height of head 86.


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Hagia Sophia, Istanbul. 532-37 AD.

San Vitale, Ravenna. c. 527-47 AD.


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Plan of San Vitale.

narthex

chapel

chapel

apsenave


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Emperor Justinian and Retinue. c. 547. Mosaic.


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Empress Theodora and Retinue. c. 547. Mosaic.


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Christ as Pantokrator, Monastery, Daphni, Greece.

Late 11th century. Mosaic.


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Icon with the Crucifixion,

Byzantine, c.11

00.

Icon with Virgin Mary.

4 R ( 1050 1200


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4. Romanesque (c. 1050 1200

AD)


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Sainte-Foy, Conques, France.

c. 1050-1120.


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Plan of Sainte-Foy.

chapels

ambulatory

apse

choir transept

aisles

nave


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Aerial view of Sainte-Foy, Conques, France. c. 1050-


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Reliquary statue of Sainte Foy.

Late

10

th

early11th

century.


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St Sernin Cathedral,

Toulouse, France. 1080-96.


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Angouleme Cathedral,

Charente, France. c 1015.


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5. Gothic (c. 1200 1550 AD)


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Elements of Gothic architecture.

flying buttresses

pier

pointed arches

spire


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Chartres Cathedral, France.

Begun 1134, completed c. 1260.


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Plan of Chartres.

chapels

ambulatory

apse

choir transept

aisles

nave


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Section drawing of Chartres.


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Rose windows at Chartres.


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The labyrinth at Chartres.


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Door jamb statues at Chartres.


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Romanesque Gothic


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Reims Cathedral, France.

1211- c. 1290.


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Romanesque Gothic

Moralized Bible from paris


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Moralized Bible from paris

Luis IX Queen Blanche of Castille

1226-34. ink, tempera and gold.

15x10

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The

Lamentation (

1305-06). Giotto.


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y in Italy great princes as such are not held in honor

or renown; it is a painter that they call divine.

y -Michelangelo


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y Who is so barbarous as not to understand that the

foot of a man is nobler than his shoe, and his skin

nobler than that of the sheep with which he is

clothed?

y -Michelangelo


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y Be on the watch to take the best parts of many

individual faces.

y -Leonardo da Vinci

y You, therefore, if you desire to compose a fine figure,

must take the head from some, the chest, arm, leg,

hand, and foot from others For from many beautiful

things something good may be gathered, even ashoney is gathered from many flowers.

y -Durer


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St. Mark (1411-13). Donatello.


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The Story of Jacob and Esau,

from The Gates of Paradise (c. 1435). Lorenzo Ghiberti.


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Trinity with the Virgin, St. John the

Evangelist, and Donors (1

425).

SantAndrea (1470-1493).

Leon Battista Alberti.


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Interior of SantAndrea (1

470-1

493).L

eon Battista


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chapels

Plan of SantAndrea (1470-1493). Leon Battista Alberti.


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Birth of Venus (1480). Sandro Boticelli.


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y Studying the effects of light, they developed the

technique of chiaroscuro.

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St. Francis in the Desert (c.1

485). Giovanni Bellini.


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Pieta. Giovanni Bellini.


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Madonna and Child with Saint Anne

(c. 1503-06). Leonardo da Vinci.


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The Dying Slave. Michelangelo.


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Interior of the Sistine Chapel

(1473-80). Michelangelo.


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Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel (1473-80). Michelangelo.


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The Creation of Adam. Michelangelo.


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Madonna of the Meadows.

School of Athens.


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St. Peters Basilica, Vatican,

Rome.

A C


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B

Plans of St. Peters Basilica: (A) Bramante

(B)Raphael (C) Michelangelo and Madena


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Pope Leo X with Two

Cardinals

(c. 1518). Raphael.


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The Tempest (c.

1505).

Gior ione.


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Pastoral Scene (1511).

Titian.


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The Assumption. Titian.


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The Annunciation (c. 1560). Titian.


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Chateau de Chambord, France (1519-

47 .


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Longleat House, England (1567-80).


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Baroque

The Last Supper (1592-94). Tintoretto.


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v

Baldacchino, St. Peters, Rome

(1624-33). Gianlorenzo Bernini.

Important features of Baroque architecture include:


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y long, narrow naves are replaced by broader,

occasionally circular forms

y dramatic use of light, either strong light-and-shade

contrasts, chiaroscuro effects or uniform lighting by

means of several windows

y opulent use of ornaments

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Cornaro Chapel, Santa Maria della

Vittoria, Rome (1642-52).

Gianlorenzo Bernini.



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y the interior is often no more than a shell for paintingand sculpture (especially in the late Baroque)

y illusory effects like the blending of painting and

architecture

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St. Teresa in Ecstacy

1645-

1652 lifesize by Bernini

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David (1623).

Gianlorenzo Bernini.


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San Carlo alle Quatro Fontane

(1665-67). Francesco Borromini.


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Triumph of the Name of Jesus (1676-79). Giovanni Battista Gaulli. Ceiling

fresco with stucco figures in the vault of the Church of Il Gesu, Rome.


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Judith and Maidservant with the

Head ofHolofernes (c. 1625).

Artemesia Gentileschi..


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Judith and Maidservant Beheading

Holofernes (c. 1625).

Artemesia Gentileschi..


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Entombment of Christ (1604).

Caravaggio.


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The Raising of the Cross (1609-10).

Peter Paul Rubens.


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Baroque paintings


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Baroque paintings

y individualism and detailobserved in such things asthe convincing rendering of cloth and skin textures

make it one of the most compelling periods of

Western art.

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Las Meninas (1656).

Diego Velazquez.


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Saskia van Uylenburg

(c. 1635). Rembrandt.


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Carousing Couple (1630).

Judith Leyster.

Rococo


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Rococo

Mirror Room, Amalienburg (1734-

39).


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The Pursuit (1771-73).

Jean-Honore Fragonard.


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Staircase of the Residenz

showing the ceiling fresco

by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo

(1752-53)


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Wallpavillon, Dresden, Germany (1711-

22).


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Down the Ages