Domain- EukaryaDomain- Eukarya

Kingdom AnimaliaKingdom Animalia

Phylum- ChordataPhylum- Chordata

Class- MammaliaClass- Mammalia

Mammal characteristics Mammal characteristics

HairHair Different types of teethDifferent types of teeth Mammary glands (feed milk to young)Mammary glands (feed milk to young) Endothermic (maintain constant body Endothermic (maintain constant body

temperature)temperature) Have lungs must breathe airHave lungs must breathe air

EchidnaEchidna

PlatypusPlatypus

insectivorainsectivora

Eat insectsEat insects

Shrews, moles, hedgehogShrews, moles, hedgehog

Star nosed moleStar nosed mole

Order - Rodentia Order - Rodentia

Continuously growing teethContinuously growing teeth High metabolismHigh metabolism High reproductive rateHigh reproductive rate

Mice, rats, beaver, squirrels, capybara, Mice, rats, beaver, squirrels, capybara, porcupines, chinchilla, gopher, ground porcupines, chinchilla, gopher, ground squirrelssquirrels

Ground hogGround hog

MarmotMarmot

Capybara Capybara

Order LagomorphaOrder Lagomorpha

Pika, rabbitsPika, rabbits Ever growing teethEver growing teeth Large feetLarge feet

PikaPika

Bat – order ChiropteraBat – order Chiroptera

Only true mammalOnly true mammal

fliers fliers

Use echolocation toUse echolocation to

Find food-Find food-

Most eat insectsMost eat insects

Some eat fruitSome eat fruit

Order ArtiodactlyaOrder Artiodactlya

Walk on even number of toesWalk on even number of toes GrazersGrazers Camels, pigs, cows, deer, elk, antelope, Camels, pigs, cows, deer, elk, antelope,

hippos, giraffe, llama, sheephippos, giraffe, llama, sheep

AntelopeAntelope

Order PerissodactlyaOrder Perissodactlya

Odd toed grazersOdd toed grazers Horses, rhinos, tapirsHorses, rhinos, tapirs

TapirTapir

Order Xenarthra –Order Xenarthra –Anteater sloths, Anteater sloths, armadilloarmadillo

Order CarnivoraOrder Carnivora

Meat eaters or omnivoresMeat eaters or omnivores Dogs, cats, hyena, civets, seals, walrus, Dogs, cats, hyena, civets, seals, walrus,

skunk, raccoon, bears, weaselsskunk, raccoon, bears, weasels

civetcivet

CheetahCheetah

DingoDingo

FoxFox

Sea LionsSea Lions

Sea OtterSea Otter

Order HyracoideaOrder Hyracoidea

Not a ruminant but a multichambered Not a ruminant but a multichambered stomachstomach

Warm blooded but not good at regulating Warm blooded but not good at regulating temperature so they huddle to help keep temperature so they huddle to help keep warmwarm

herbivoresherbivores

HyraxHyrax

Order cetaceaOrder cetacea

Whales and dolphinsWhales and dolphins Live in water but have to breathe airLive in water but have to breathe air Have nose on top of head – blow holeHave nose on top of head – blow hole Two groupsTwo groups

toothed whales – beluga, killer whales, toothed whales – beluga, killer whales, dolphinsdolphins

Baleen whales- blue whale, humpbacked Baleen whales- blue whale, humpbacked whale, bowhead whalewhale, bowhead whale

Beluga whalesBeluga whales

Grey WhaleGrey Whale

Killer whalesKiller whales

SireniaSirenia

Include manatees and dugongsInclude manatees and dugongs Closest relatives- elephant and hyraxClosest relatives- elephant and hyrax HerbivoresHerbivores Have fingernails on their finsHave fingernails on their fins

ManateeManatee

Order PrimatesOrder Primates

Lemurs, sifaka, old world monkeys, new Lemurs, sifaka, old world monkeys, new world monkeys, great apes, Lorises, world monkeys, great apes, Lorises, Tarsiers, peopleTarsiers, people

Howler monkeyHowler monkey

Spider monkeySpider monkey

Family hominidaeFamily hominidae

Orangutan, chimpanzee, gorilla, PeopleOrangutan, chimpanzee, gorilla, People Binocular visionBinocular vision Opposable thumbsOpposable thumbs Large brainsLarge brains Long term parental care of offspringLong term parental care of offspring Omnivores or herbivoreOmnivores or herbivore Male larger than female (sexual Male larger than female (sexual

dimorphism)dimorphism)

Ancient humansAncient humans

Australopithecus- extinct 2million yrs agoAustralopithecus- extinct 2million yrs ago H. habilisH. habilis and and H. gautengensis 2.4-1.4 H. gautengensis 2.4-1.4

myamya H. rudolfensisH. rudolfensis and and H. georgicus 1.9-1.4 H. georgicus 1.9-1.4

myamya Neanderthal and Denisovan 400,000- Neanderthal and Denisovan 400,000-

30,000 ya30,000 ya H. sapiens 250,000 ya to presentH. sapiens 250,000 ya to present

AVERAGE WEIGHT AVERAGE STATURE

SPECIES males    females    females as   % of males   males    females 

  females as   % of males

  Australopithecus afarensis 

92 lbs(42 kg)

64 lbs(29 kg)

64% 4 ft 11 in(151 cm)

3 ft 5 in(105 cm)

70%

  Australopithecus africanus  

90 lbs(41 kg)

66 lbs(30 kg)

73% 4 ft 6 in(138 cm)

3 ft 9 in(115 cm)

83%

  Paranthropus robustus

119 lbs(54 kg)

88 lbs(40 kg)

74% 3 ft 9 in(114 cm)

3 ft 3 in(99 cm)

87%

  Paranthropus boisei 108 lbs(49 kg)

75 lbs(34 kg)

69% 5 ft 4 in(137 cm)

4 ft 1 in(124 cm)

91%

  earliest humans     (Homo habilis) 

114 lbs(52 kg)

70 lbs(32 kg)

61% 5 ft 2 in(157 cm)

4 ft 1 in(125 cm)

79%

  modern humans 1

     (Homo sapiens)144 lbs(65 kg)

119 lbs(54 kg)

83% 5 ft 9 in(175 cm)

5 ft 3 in(161 cm)

92%