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doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/720r0May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 1
Smart Grid ad hoc – May 2011
Date: 09 May 2011
Abstract:
1 – SGIP NIST PAP2
Name Company Address Phone emailBruce Kraemer Marvell 5488 Marvell Lane,
Santa Clara, CA, 95054
+1-321-751-3988 [email protected]
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 2
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 3
Abstract: This work area investigates the strengths, weaknesses, capabilities, and constraints of existing and emerging standards-based physical media for wireless communications. The approach is to work with the appropriate standard development organizations (SDOs) to determine the characteristics of each technology for Smart Grid application areas and types. Results are used to assess the appropriateness of wireless communications technologies for meeting Smart Grid applications.
http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 4
PAP2 Links
• PAP02: Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid (6.1.5)• Contents of this topicUseful Hot LinksAbstract:• Status of PAP02: Wireless Communications for the Smart Grid (6.1.5)• Task Details:• Description:• Objectives:• Why:• Where:• Who:• 2011 Upcoming Meetings
– May 10 - Teleconference 2:30pm ET– May 24, June 7, June 21, July 5, July 19, Aug 2, Aug 16, Aug 30 - Teleconferen
ce 2:00pm ET– July 12-14, 2011 - SGIP Summer Meeting, Montreal Canada
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 5
Subscription to NIST PAP#2
• To see the complete NIST Priority Action Plan list go here:
• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PriorityActionPlans#Individual_PAP_Lists
• To subscribe to PAP#2 mailing list go here:
• http://www.smartgridlistserv.org/cgi/wa.exe?SUBED1=SGIP-PAP02WG&A=1
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 6
OpenSG
• SharePoint Documents
• http://osgug.ucaiug.org/UtiliComm/Shared%20Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 7
NIST Timeline (Anticipated)
Release of draft 0.6
Draft 0.5July 28, 2010
Call for Input to Section 6August 4, 2010
End of draft 0.5 review periodSeptember 15, 2010
December 3, 2010
November 4, 2010 OpenSG + PAP2 meeting, Fort Lauderdale
SGIP face-to-face, St LouisTentative PAP 2 meeting
September 16, 2010
End of draft 0.6 review period
September 30, 2010
October 29, 2010
Release of Version 1January 15, 2011
Extended edit period
Release of Version 2? June/July 2011 ?
Continuation of project to extend findings
August , 2009 Project initiation
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 8
PAP#2 Version 1
• Guideline for Assessing Wireless Standards for Smart Grid Applications
• Version 1.0 released Jan 13, 2011
• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/pub/SmartGrid/PAP02Objective3/NIST_PAP2_Guidelines_for_Assessing_Wireless_Standards_for_Smart_Grid_Applications_1.0.pdf
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 9
Priority Action Plan for Wireless communications (PAP#2) Activity Summary
Calls every two weeks – details on NIST Twiki
Version 1 paper approved by SGIP board
Procedures approved
Current primary task is to qualify a propagation model that can be used for metering applications
This task will extend to at least thru May 10th
Next proposed task will be to re-work Section 4 - on the Matrix material
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
PAP#2 Procedures approved
• 14 voters, 12 yes, 0 no, 0 abs, 2 dnv
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 10
PAP#2 procedures
http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 11
Next PAP 2 meetings• Next face-to-face meeting
– SGIP meeting July 12-14, Montreal Canada
– Logistics available here:• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/SGIPCalenda
r
• PAP 2 conference call schedule
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
2011 NIST PAP2 Meeting History
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 12
Date & Time Agenda & Slides Presented Approved Meeting Minutes 4/26/11 2:00PM ET Download Download (Unapproved) 4/12/11 2:30PM ET Download Download 3/29/11 6:00PM ET Download,
Rural Area Propagation Analysis, Spreadsheet
Download
3/10/11 8:00AM PT Download Download 2/25/11 3:00PM ET Download,
PAP02 Proposed Operating Procedures
Download
2/11/11 1:00PM ET Download Download
http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-sggrid/bin/view/SmartGrid/PAP02Wireless
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 13
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Primary PAP2 Work Items for past several weeks
• Terrain & Clutter
• Propagation loss models
• Characterization of deployment categories
• Rural (<1/person or household/sq mi
• ……
• Very Dense >10,000 people or households/sq mi
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 14
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
NIST PAP#2 Agenda for May 10, 2011
1. Review & Approve Today’s Agenda
2. Approve Prior Meeting Minutes
3. Operating Procedures Ballot Results
4. Current Tasks– Framework Proposal to Move Forward (Cunningham)
– Updates to Section 4 Matrix (Kraemer)
5. Meeting announcements
6. New business
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 15
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Update on Propagation ModelsMay 10, 2011
Prepared by Doug GrayConsultant to WiMAX Forum
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Outline
• Update on Erceg-SUI model
• 802.11ah work
• Closed form expression for atmospheric absorption
17
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Modified Erceg–SUI Model
• Goal: Extend model to cover broader frequency range– Original: 1800 to 2700 MHz based on measurements at 1900/2000
MHz
– Objective is to cover 1000 MHz to 4000 MHz
• Approach: Devise or modify a term to achieve a better fit to diffraction/foliage frequency dependence– Need up to 5 dB per octave for hilly terrain and foliage at low BS
antenna heights
– Current formulation provides 1.8 dB per octave (2000 MHz as basis)
18
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Proposed Modification to Erceg–SUI Model • Original formulation:
– L = -27.56 +20LOG(d0) + 20LOG(f)+10(a-bhb+c/hb)LOG(d/ d0) + 6 LOG(f/2000) - XLOG(hr /2); f in MHz, d0 in m, hb is BS antenna height, hr is SS antenna height For Type A: a = 4.6, b = 0.0075, c = 12.6 , X = 10.8 For Type B: a = 4.0, b = 0.0065, c = 17.1 , X = 10.8 For Type C: a = 3.6, b = 0.0050, c = 20 , X = 20
• Proposed modification:– L = -27.56 +20LOG(d0) + 20LOG(f)+10(a-bhb+c/hb)LOG(d/ d0) + 6
(1+ ak/hb)LOG(f/2000) - XLOG(hr/2); k = 4
19
Freq Dependency in dB per Octavehb Type A Type B Type C80 2.22 2.17 2.1350 2.47 2.38 2.3320 3.47 3.25 3.1110 5.13 4.70 4.41
•Type A Terrain: Hilly & moderate to heavy tree density
•Type B Terrain: Hilly & light tree density or Flat & moderate to heavy tree density•Type C Terrain: Flat & light tree density
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Excess Loss Frequency Dependence
20
• BS at 10 m, SS at 2 m• Excess loss for 2.4 km path length
• Foliage depth: 50 meters• Obstruction height: 2 meters
• Diffraction Model: ~3 dB/octave• Foliage Model: 2.9 to 3.5 dB/octave
Original Erceg-SUI
Modified Erceg-SUI k=4
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Atmospheric Absorption
21
• Adry air = [0.00719 + 6.09/(f 2 +0.227) +4.81/((f-57)2 +1.5)] f 2/1000 dB/km
• Awater = [0.050 + 0.0021 ρ + 3.6/((f-22.2)2 + 8.5) + 10.6/((f-183.3)2 +9.0) +
8.9/((f-325.4)2 +26.3)] f 2 ρ 10-4 dB/km
– Where f is in GHz and
ρ = water vapor density in g/m3
– Plotted for ρ = 31.8 g/m3
(100% humidity at 30o C
Source: ITU-R Rec. 676-1 (1990-1992)
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Models vs. Smart Grid Requirements
22
Frequency Range of interest
BS Antenna Height
SS Antenna Height
Special
Situations1
Rural (1) Rural (2) Suburban Urban Dense Urban
700 MHz to 6000 MHz 7 to 100 m Exterior 2 m, Interior 1.5 to
6.5 m
Meter vaults, below grade,
basements, etc
Rolling Hills, Mountains, Valleys, w & w/o foliage
Flat Open Area - Farm-
like
1-3 Story residential -
some commercial
Commercial Industrial, 1-4 story bldgs
High Rise Bldgs:
Residential + Enterprise
1800 to 2700 MHz & with modification: 1000 to 4000 MHz
10 to 80 m (useable 7 to
80 m)
2 to 8 m Type A, B Type C Yes Type A3 Type A3
Hata-Okumura150 to 1500 MHz (usaeble to 2000 MHz)
30 to 200 m 1 to 10 m No2 Question accuracy
Yes? Too optimistic?
Yes Yes
COST2311500 to 2000 MHz 30 to 200 m 1 to 10 m No2 ?? Yes Yes Yes
ITU-R M.12252000 +/- MHz 0 to 50 m
>avg rooftop height
Yes Yes Yes
802.11ah Model Pending< 1000 MHz
Smart Grid Requirements for communications network (WAN or FAN) per Utilities
Commonly available Path Loss Models for PMP coverage analysisErceg-SUI and Modified Erceg-SUI
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Going Forward• Modified Erceg-SUI Model is a good path loss model for suburban and most
rural environments of interest covering 1000 to 4000 MHz with low to high BS antenna heights
• Model can also be applied to urban environments with BS antenna height at or above average rooftop heights
– Confirmed by comparing to Hata and COST231 models
• 802.11ah work may provide a good model for <1000 MHz– Need solution for lower BS antenna heights (7-10 m) in rural with varied terrain and foliage
characteristics
• May still have to treat “extreme” situations on a case by case basis– Use PtP models with link-specific GIS data – analyze each end-point – plus losses for below
grade, enclosed meters, etc
– Use free space loss and add excess loss for “average” foliage, terrain, or bldg clutter for general purpose wide area coverage
• Updated spread-sheet of propagation models– No major changes: some corrections & added
place-holder for 11ah work
23
Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Extended Work Plan Proposal
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 24
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 25
Section 4 - DeliverablesPaper & Matrix1. Identify and fully define all necessary terminology (mesh, etc.)2. Come up with sane metric definitions for Section 43. Come up with guidelines for filling out the wireless technologies matrix
to make sure entries are comparable across technologies– This includes a selection of high priority, fully described “operating
points” representing deployment scenarios4. Come up with dates for submissions for column entries for the matrix
and appoint coordinators for each technology represented in the matrix5. Submit results to the PAP2 reflector and announce a comment period6. Directly solicit SDO participation and schedule SDO calls to discuss
submissions and comments on all of the above7. Discuss & adjust the deliverables content using OpenSG as the venue and
a proxy for the utility industry
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 26
References
• Previous major submission package to NIST
• Doc 1396
• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt
• And therein:
V6-r1
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Previous submissions to NIST PAP#2
• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1133-01-0000-nist-pap-2-report-r5-consolidated-change-suggestions.ppt
• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1209-00-0000-comment-set-1-on-pap-2-report-r6.doc
• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1210-01-0000-comment-set-2-on-pap-2-report-r6.ppt
• https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 27
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Revision of Section 4 in PAP2During the May 10th call I would like to begin discussion on revisions to Section 4 – Wireless Technology of the NIST_PAP2_Guidelines_for_Assessing_Wireless_Standards_for_Smart_Grid_Applications_1.0.pdf .
Introduction:
Prior to the release of Guideline version 1, the IEEE 802 Smart Grid ad hoc generated a set of change recommendations for report Section 4 – Wireless Technology and an associated data collection matrix structure.
The intent was to improve the technical accuracy of the Section 4 text and thereby to make it more useful to the Smart Grid community when considering or comparing wireless technology deployment options.
The complete set of suggestions can be found at:
https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/10/11-10-1396-03-0000-smart-grid-summary-input-to-pap-2-report-nov-2010.ppt and embedded in the document was a revised matrix under the name “V6-r1”.
The proposed changes were not integrated into Guideline version 1 but it was agreed that they should be further considered as part of the process to produce Guideline version 2.
I submit this material with the understanding it serves as a starting point for Section 4 revisions that will be more fully reviewed, rewritten and approved by the PAP2 membership before inclusion in Guideline version 2. It should also be noted that some data collected from SDOs will need to be re-collected when using the revised descriptions and definitions in Section 4.
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 28
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments
In order to analyze an operational scenario we would need to have additional information on the number of nodes and their physical relationship. For example, in the ESI meter example below, how many nodes are there, where are they and what is the characteristic terrain class within which they are located?
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 29
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments - 2
Can assumed that all analysis would be based upon single technology deployment. Was there an expectation that a mixed technology deployment be analyzed?
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 30
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments - 3The analysis of the suitability of a deployment requires a calculation of a link budget. Link budget calculations require using radio performance numbers that are not defined by technology standards documents but are vendor specific. Hence, there may be some differences between individual suppliers’ radio performance numbers. We propose that each technology use a single representative set of radio performance numbers. The chosen set of parameters needs to be specified and approved by PAP2. Additionally, the parameter values would be proposed by each SDO and approved by PAP2.
E.g.
Receive Antenna pattern and gain profile
Transmit Antenna pattern and gain profile
Receiver sensitivity
Transmit power
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, Marvell
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments - 4
The analysis of deployment performance is presumed to be based upon a point to point relationship between a transmitter receiver pair. No analysis of repeaters or mesh links would be performed.
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 32
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments – 5a
The analysis of deployment performance could be based upon only the relationship between a transmitter receiver pair with messages being transferred from one radio MAC to another. Alternatively there could be a more comprehensive definition of end to end.
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, Marvell
PHY
MAC
PHY
MAC
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Framework Questions & Comments – 5b
The analysis of deployment performance could be based upon only the relationship between a transmitter receiver pair with messages being transferred from one radio MAC to another. Alternatively there could be a more comprehensive definition of end to end. How complete are the model end points?
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, Marvell
PHY
MAC
PHY
MAC
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Minimum Output
• The initial “Framework Basics” document states:
• Minimum output: quantity of wireless std/tech/spectrum network gear required by endpoint density category, incremental gear type/count for RF propagation factors & engineering work-arounds for subscribers, and no endpoint coverage conditions
• There is no data traffic volume specfied. It is presumed that some portion of the OpenSG requirements would be selected to quantify the represenative data traffic to be used for analysis. Please identify the traffic flow.
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 35
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Propagation Model Updates
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 36
• As discussed in the Smart Grid Tuesday afternoon session of the 802.11 interim meeting in Palm Springs, this is a link to the description of the COST231 Walfisch Ikegami propagation model which is applicable to sub-GHz frequencies, is friendly to outdoor Metering applications, suitable in preference to urban and suburban environments but I believe extensible to the rural environment.
• http://www.cse.hcmut.edu.vn/~ltquan/Documents_Softwares/CDMA/Walfisch-Ikegami.htm
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
Propagation Model Updates
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 37
• Ron Porat mentioned M.2135
• http://www.itu.int/pub/R-REP-M.2135/en
doc.: IEEE 802.11-11/0720r1
Submission
EPRI UPDATE TIM GODFREY
May 2011
Bruce Kraemer, MarvellSlide 38