12 Noticed MotionsI.INTRODUCTIONA.Scope of Chapter12.1B.Governin !a"1.Stat#tes12.22.Ca$ifornia R#$es of Co#rt12.%%.App$ica&i$it' of !oca$ Co#rt R#$es and (o$icies12.)C.Tactica$ O&*ectives12.+D.Cons#$tation ,ith C$ient12.-II.TIM. /OR MA0ING MOTIONA.Ti1in Considerations12.21.Stat#tor' and R#$e Restrictions on Ti1in of Motions12.32.Ca$c#$atin .ffect of Service on Ti1in of Motion12.4%..ffect of Service &' Methods Other Than (ersona$ De$iver'12.15B.Shortenin Ti1e12.111.B' Stip#$ation12.122.B' App$ication for Order Shortenin Ti1e12.1%C..6tendin Ti1e12.1)1.B' Stip#$ation12.1+2.B' Motion12.1-III.NOTIC. O/ MOTION AND MOTIONA.Motion Defined12.12B.Necessar' (apers12.13C.Notice of Motion and Motion12.141.(h'sica$ /or1attina.(aper7 (rint7 Spacin7 and Marins12.25&.Bindin12.21c./ooter12.222.Infor1ation Re8#ired in Captiona.Attorne' Infor1ation12.2%&.Tit$e of Co#rt12.2)c.Te$ephone Appearance12.2+d.Tit$e of Case12.2-e.Nat#re of (aper12.22f.Date7 Ti1e7 !ocation of 9earin12.23:1;Date and Ti1e12.24:2;!ocation12.%5.Na1e of 9earin Ta&$e of A#thorities12.)4).OraniBation of S#pportin Me1orand#112.+5a.Introd#ctor' State1ent> Introd#ction12.+1&.Ar#1ent:1;S#11ar' of Ar#1ent12.+2:2;Concise and (ers#asive Ar#1ent12.+%:%;App$ica&$e Stat#tes and Cases12.+):a;I1proper Use of Repea$ed or Overr#$ed !ea$ A#thorit'12.++:&;Usin A#thorit' /ro1 Corcoran v Cit& of Los An#eles:14+2; 1+% CA2d 3+27 3+-;7 or that the *#de "ho r#$es on the 1otion "i$$ see the de$a' as intended to ain an advantae or create an ine8#it'. The deree to "hich the 1otion "i$$ he$p or interfere "ith sett$e1ent possi&i$ities. The cost of 1a?in the 1otion7 in ter1s of 1one'7 effort7 ti1e7 and contin#ed a1ica&i$it' a1on co#nse$. !ess cost$' 1eas#res that 1iht achieve an accepta&$e res#$t. PRACTICE TIP: The o&*ective 1iht &e achieved &' si1p$' disc#ssin the 1atter "ith7 and o&tainin the aree1ent of7 opposin co#nse$. Man' $oca$ co#rt r#$es re8#ire the parties to C1eet and conferD to tr' to reso$ve disp#tes &efore 1a?in a 1otion. See7 e.#., Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.22)> !os Ane$es Ct R %.2+:&;:1;. The overa$$ effect of the 1otion on the *#de=s vie" of the case. I12.-D.Cons#$tation ,ith C$ientIt is #s#a$$' ood practice7 and often ood protection for co#nse$7 to disc#ss "ith the c$ient the possi&i$it' of 1a?in a 1otion. So1e factors to &e eva$#ated in decidin "hether to 1a?e a 1otion or "hat 1otion to 1a?e invo$ve 1atters that are not strict$' $ea$ eva$#ations and a&o#t "hich the c$ient 1a' have stron fee$ins7 e.#., the costs invo$ved. In an' event7 the c$ient "ho is invo$ved in the $itiation decisionE1a?in process is 1ore $i?e$' to fee$ "e$$ represented. II.TIM. /OR MA0ING MOTION M I12.2A.Ti1in ConsiderationsThere are t"o ti1in factors to consider &efore 1a?in an' 1otion@ :1; as a proced#ra$ 1atter7 "hen the 1otion can &e 1ade :inc$#din "hen papers can &e served and "hen the hearin can ta?e p$ace;> and :2; as a tactica$ 1atter7 "hen the 1otion sho#$d &e 1ade. The first factor is disc#ssed in II12.3J12.15. The second factor 1#st &e eva$#ated in the conte6t of the tactica$ o&*ectives of the entire $a"s#it :see I12.+;.I12.31.Stat#tor' and R#$e Restrictions on Ti1in of MotionsSevera$ restrictions affect the choice of the date to serve and to fi$e 1otion papers and the date to noticefor the 1otion hearin. The stat#te or r#$e that provides for a partic#$ar order 1a' set a dead$ine. .6a1p$es inc$#de the fo$$o"in@ A de1#rrer 1#st &e served and fi$ed "ithin %5 da's after service of the s#11ons and co1p$aint. CC( I)%5.)5:a;. A notice of 1otion to co1pe$ f#rther ans"ers to interroatories 1#st &e served "ithin )+ da's after service of the verified response to the interroatories :#n$ess e6tended &' the parties &' "ritten aree1ent;. CC( I25%5.%55:c;. Motions for reconsideration or to a1end an order &ased on ne" facts 1#st &e 1ade "ithin 15 da's after service of "ritten notice of entr' of the order. CC( I1553:a;. Under CC( I252).525:a;7 discover' 1otions 1#st &e heard at $east 1+ da's &efore the date initia$$' set for tria$. /or disc#ssion of discover' 1otions7 see Ca$ifornia Civi$ Discover' (ractice :)th ed Ca$ C.B;> 9and$in Motions to Co1pe$ and Other Discover' Motions :Ca$ C.B Action G#ide;. If the 1ovin papers are served or fi$ed after the appropriate dead$ine7 the co#rt can den' the 1otion as #nti1e$' and an appe$$ate co#rt can overt#rn an order rantin the 1otion.Converse$'7 so1e 1otions are #nti1e$' if 1ade too ear$'. .6a1p$es inc$#de the fo$$o"in@ A notice of 1otion for s#11ar' *#d1ent can &e 1ade no sooner than -5 da's after the adversepart'=s appearance in the action :see CC( I)%2c:a;> see chap %-;. A 1otion to dis1iss can &e 1ade no ear$ier than 2 'ears after the co1p$aint "as fi$ed :see7 e.#., CC( II)3%.)15:&;7 +3%.)25:a;:2;:B;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%)5> see chap %4;. Motions to stri?e and de1#rrers directed to the sa1e p$eadin sho#$d &e noticed for hearin si1#$taneo#s$'. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%22. Reardin de1#rrers7 see chap 2%> reardin 1otions to stri?e7 see chap 2). I12.42.Ca$c#$atin .ffect of Service on Ti1in of MotionCo#nse$ 1#st a$so deter1ine ho" $on &efore the hearin on a 1otion the notice of 1otion 1#st &e served and fi$ed. ,ritten notice of hearin 1#st &e persona$$' served at $east 1- co#rt da's &efore the appointed ti1e for the hearin7 #n$ess a *#de has ranted an order shortenin ti1e. CC( I155+:&;> Ca$R#$es of Ct %.1%55:a;. On ti1in for 1ethods other than persona$ service7 see I12.15. /or so1e 1otions7 a different period 1a' &e re8#ired. See7 e.#., chap %- on s#11ar' *#d1ent 1otions.WARNING: Settin a hearin too 1an' da's in the f#t#re co#$d constit#te i1proper de$a'. See CC( I123.2:&;:1;. See I12.+.PRACTICE TIP: A$tho#h the adoption of Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.25 $i1its the $oca$ co#rts= a#thorit' to 1a?er#$es concernin 1otions7 $oca$ r#$es that are "ithin the r#$eE1a?in a#thorit' of the tria$ co#rts 1a' sti$$ affect 1otion practice. Th#s7 co#nse$ sho#$d cons#$t $oca$ r#$es or the co#rt c$er? a&o#t the appropriate depart1ent for a 1otion hearin as "e$$ as ti1es and dates on "hich the co#rt hears 1otions. See7 e.#., !os Ane$es Ct R %.):a;7 %.+ :ti1e of hearin and fi$in of papers;. I12.15%..ffect of Service &' Methods Other Than (ersona$ De$iver'Movin and s#pportin papers7 inc$#din a "ritten notice of 1otion7 1#st &e fi$ed and served at $east 1- co#rt da's &efore the hearin7 if service is &' persona$ de$iver'. CC( I155+:&;. Section 155+:&; prescri&es increases in the period of notice "hen service is &' 1ethods other than persona$ de$iver' in $ie# of the ti1e e6tension provisions of CC( I151%7 "hich do not app$' to a notice of 1otion7 opposition papers7 or rep$' papers. CC( I155+:&;.If service is by mail, the 1-Eco#rtEda' notice period is increased &' :CC( I155+:&;; + ca$endar da's if the p$ace of 1ai$in and the p$ace of address are in Ca$ifornia> 15 ca$endar da's if either p$ace of 1ai$in or the p$ace of address is o#tside Ca$ifornia t in theUnited States> and 25 ca$endar da's if either the p$ace of 1ai$in or the p$ace of address is o#tside the United States. If service is by fax, the notice period is increased &' 2 ca$endar da's. CC( I155+:&;. On fa6 service enera$$'7 see CC( I151%:e;J:f;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.%55J2.%5-> II13.1-J13.22.If service is by express mail or some other method of overnight delivery, the notice period is increased &' 2 ca$endar da's. CC( I155+:&;. On service &' 1ai$ or overniht de$iver'7 see II13.3J13.12.If service is electronic, the notice period is increased &' 2 co#rt da's. CC( I1515.-:a;:);> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.2+1:f;:2;. On e$ectronic service7 see CC( II1515.-7 151%:;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.2+5J2.2+4> II13.2%J13.)5.PRACTICE TIP: /or e$ectronic service7 CC( I1515.-:a;:); e6tends an' period of notice or an' ti1e for e6ercisin an' riht or perfor1in an' d#t' to do an act or 1a?e a response &' 2 co#rt da's7 #n$ess a stat#te or co#rt r#$e provides other"ise. A$tho#h CC( I155+:&; e6press$' states that the provisions of CC( I151% e6tendin the ti1e "ithin "hich a riht 1a' &e e6ercised or an act 1a' &e done do not app$' to a notice of 1otion7 opposition papers7 or rep$' papers :and provides its o"n e6tension periods for service &' 1ai$7 fa67 e6press 1ai$7 and overniht de$iver';7 it does not 1ention CC( I1515.- or e$ectronic service. The safest co#rse "o#$d see1 to &e to add the 2Eco#rtEda' e6tension of CC( I1515.-:a;:); to the 1-Eco#rtEda' 1ini1#1 notice period prescri&ed &' CC( I155+:&;.I12.11B.Shortenin Ti1eTo o&tain a hearin date on a 1otion that is sooner than "o#$d other"ise &e possi&$e #nder nor1a$ proced#res :see II12.2J12.15;7 a stip#$ation 1#st &e o&tained fro1 the opposin part' :see I12.12; or an order shortenin ti1e 1#st &e o&tained fro1 the co#rt :see I12.1%;.I12.121.B' Stip#$ationThe parties 1a' aree to shorten the ti1e necessar' for a notice for the hearin of a 1otion. An' stip#$ation sho#$d &e in "ritin.Before see?in or o&tainin a stip#$ation7 ho"ever7 co#nse$ sho#$d contact sho#$d the co#rt c$er? in the co#rtroo1 "here the hearin "i$$ &e he$d to $earn of an' $oca$ re8#ire1ents or practices "ith reard to s#ch stip#$ations and the ear$' settin of a hearin. Beca#se it is &est to have a stip#$ation specif' the date7 ti1e7 and p$ace of the hearin7 co#nse$ sho#$d deter1ine in advance that the co#rt can acco11odate the date7 ti1e7 and p$ace areed on &' the parties.If s#ch an aree1ent can &e reached &et"een the parties7 a stip#$ation sho#$d &e prepared7 sined7 and s#&1itted to the co#rt as pro1pt$' as possi&$e. Co#nse$ sho#$d cons#$t $oca$ co#rt r#$es or po$icies in connection "ith stip#$ations.I12.1%2.B' App$ication for Order Shortenin Ti1eIf a stip#$ation for shortenin ti1e is not possi&$e or practica$ to o&tain7 co#nse$ 1#st see? an order shortenin ti1e thro#h a for1a$ app$ication to the co#rt. An app$ication for an order shortenin ti1e 1#st &e s#pported &' an affidavit or dec$aration sho"in ood ca#se. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55. In other "ords7 co#nse$ 1#st de1onstrate that the 1ovin part' "o#$d s#ffer so1e s#&stantia$ pre*#dice or har1 "itho#t the 1otion &ein heard on shortened ti1e. On e6 parte app$ications7 see chap 1%. A$tho#h app$ications to shorten ti1e are #s#a$$' 1ade &' 1ovin parties7 the' can a$so &e 1ade &' a respondin part' that desires an ear$ier hearin date than that specified in the 1ovin part'=s notice of 1otion.PRACTICE TIP: The order shortenin ti1e sho#$d &e drafted to address the fo$$o"in@ :1; "hen 1otion papers are to &e served7 :2; "hen opposition papers are d#e7 :%; "hen rep$' papers are d#e7 :); ho" papers are to &e served :e.#., &' hand de$iver';7 and :+; the date of the hearin.I12.1)C..6tendin Ti1e,hen it is desired to fi$e a notice of 1otion7 or to see? a hearin on a 1otion on a date that is after the $ast date prescri&ed &' stat#te or r#$e7 it is necessar' to o&tain an e6tension either fro1 opposin co#nse$7 in "ritin7 or fro1 the co#rt.I12.1+1.B' Stip#$ationThe parties 1a' aree7 &' stip#$ation7 to e6tend the ti1e to serve and fi$e 1otions7 or the ti1e for hearin on a 1otion. It is safest to prepare a for1a$ stip#$ation7 sined &' &oth parties7 for this p#rpose. !oca$ co#rt r#$es or po$icies sho#$d a$so &e cons#$ted in connection "ith these stip#$ations7 and the' 1a' not &e favored #nder c#rrent de$a' red#ction r#$es.I12.1-2.B' MotionIf the parties "i$$ not aree to stip#$ate7 co#nse$ 1#st app$' to the co#rt for an e6tension of ti1e. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.25. Co#nse$ 1#st present the app$ication for an order e6tendin ti1e to the *#de &efore "ho1 the action7 1otion7 or other proceedin is pendin7 or7 if that *#de is a&sent or not a&$e tohear it7 to another *#de of the sa1e co#rt. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.25:a;. The app$ication 1#st disc$ose the nat#re of the case and an' prior e6tension ranted &' stip#$ation or co#rt order. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.25:&;.After the order has &een sined7 it 1#st &e fi$ed i11ediate$' and copies served "ithin 2) ho#rs #n$ess the *#de has set a different ti1e. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.25:c;.Be s#re to cons#$t $oca$ r#$es reardin e6tensions. On e6 parte app$ications7 see chap 1%.III.NOTIC. O/ MOTION AND MOTION M I12.12A.Motion DefinedA 1otion is an app$ication for an order fro1 a co#rt or *#de7 to &e 1ade or entered in "ritin and not inc$#ded in a *#d1ent. CC( I155%. CMa?in a 1otionD is the process of app$'in for an order. A 1otion is dee1ed to have &een 1ade7 and to &e pendin &efore the co#rt7 on a$$ the ro#nds stated in the notice of 1otion "hen the 1ovin part' has served and fi$ed the notice of 1otion. CC( I155+.+. Inso1e circ#1stances7 c#sto1 or stat#te 1a' dictate that the order to sho" ca#se proced#re &e #sed :see chap 1%;7 t the effect of these t"o proced#res is the sa1e. See )arria#e of *ad!arni:2554; 12% CA)th 1)3%7 1)44 :order to sho" ca#se constit#tes notice of 1otion;.I12.13B.Necessar' (apersRe8#ired 1otion papers inc$#de a notice of 1otion :see II12.14J12.)%;7 a s#pportin 1e1orand#1 :see II12.))J12.+3;7 and7 if appropriate7 the presentation of evidence &' dec$arations :or affidavits; or other 1eans :see II12.+4J12.2+;. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112. These papers 1a' &e fi$ed as separate doc#1ents or co1&ined in one or 1ore doc#1ents. If ite1s are co1&ined7 the' 1#st &e $isted separate$' in the caption. See e6a1p$e of Notice of Motion and Motion for1at in I12.125.Certain 1otions 1a' re8#ire additiona$ papers. See7 e.#., CC( I)%2c:&;:1; :s#11ar' *#d1ent or s#11ar' ad*#dication 1otions; :see chap %-;> CC( I)2+.1- :antiES!A(( 1otions; :see chap 2)A;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%)+ :1otions to co1pe$ discover'; :see Ca$ifornia Civi$ Discover' (ractice7 chap 1+ :)th ed Ca$ C.B;;. I12.14C.Notice of Motion and MotionThe notice of 1otion is the for1a$ state1ent that identifies the ti1e7 date7 and p$ace of the hearin7 the nat#re of the order &ein so#ht7 the ro#nds for the 1otion7 and the doc#1ents and other ite1s that s#pport the 1otion. CC( I1515.NOTE: Under Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.11127 a C1otionD that is $are$' d#p$icative of the notice of 1otion 1#st &e fi$ed in addition to the notice of 1otion7 even tho#h CC( I155+.+ provides that a 1otion is dee1ed 1ade on servin and fi$in of the notice of 1otion7 and 1an' of the specific stat#tes a#thoriBin the fi$in of a 1otion on$' re8#ire the fi$in of a notice of 1otion. See7 e.#., CC( I)13.15 :defendant 1a' fi$e Cnotice of 1otionD to 8#ash service of s#11ons or to sta' or dis1iss action on inconvenient for#1 ro#nd; and CC( I)%+ :an' part' 1a' fi$e Cnotice of 1otionD to stri?e p$eadin;. It therefore appears that the notice of 1otion and 1otion 1a' &e co1&ined in a sin$e doc#1ent tit$ed CNotice of Motion and Motion.DThe CNotice of Motion and MotionD 1#st confor1 to the enera$ for1 and for1at re8#ire1ents that app$' to a$$ co#rt papers. See chap 11. See e6a1p$e of Notice of Motion and Motion for1at in I12.125. 1. (h'sica$ /or1attinI12.25a.(aper7 (rint7 Spacin7 and MarinsCa$ifornia R#$es of Ct 2.155J2.114 enera$$' set the for1at r#$es for for1s. The paper 1#st &e opa8#e7 #n$aBed7 "hite7 or #n&$eached :Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.15%;. In addition7 on$' one side of the paper 1a' &e #sed. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.152.The t'pe 1#st &e 12Epoint "ith a t'peface e8#iva$ent to Co#rier7 Ti1es Ro1an7 or 9e$vetica7 and the printed co$or 1#st &e &$#eE&$ac? or &$ac?. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.15).The $ines 1#st &e one and oneEha$f spaced or do#&$e spaced and n#1&ered consec#tive$'. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.153:1;7 :);. The $eft 1arin 1#st &e at $east one inch and the riht 1arin 1#st &e at $east N inch. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.152.Additions7 de$etions7 or inter$ineations 1#st &e initia$ed &' the c$er? or *#de at the ti1e of fi$in. A$$ copies served 1#st confor1 to the oriina$ fi$ed "ith the co#rt7 inc$#din the n#1&erin of $ines7 paination7 additions7 de$etions7 and inter$ineations. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.115.I12.21&.BindinThe paes of each doc#1ent and e6hi&it 1#st &e attached at the top in a "a' that a$$o"s the paes to &e t#rned easi$' and the entire pae to &e read. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1115:e;. The paes 1#st &e topEp#nched and fir1$' &o#nd toether at the top. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.11%7 2.11+. I12.22c./ooterDoc#1ents &o#nd toether 1#st &e consec#tive$' painated. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1115:c;. (aes 1#st &e consec#tive$' n#1&ered at &otto1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.154. .6cept for e6hi&its7 each paper fi$ed "ith theco#rt 1#st &ear a footer7 printed in at $east 15Epoint t'pe7 in the &otto1 1arin of each pae7 &e$o" the pae n#1&er and divided fro1 the rest of the pae &' a printed $ine7 that contains the tit$e of the paper :e.#., CDefendant ABC Corp.=s Motion for S#11ar' a&sence of sinat#re does not ordinari$' vitiate notice;. I12.)%D.Chec?$ist@ (roced#res for Motions and 9earinsMoving partyOOCons#$t stat#te or r#$e that a#thoriBes 1otion for infor1ation on@OO(roced#re re8#ired or per1ittedOOTi1e $i1its for service or fi$inOO.videntiar' sho"in re8#iredOOCo1p#te first and $ast da' for service or fi$in :see II12.2J12.15;.OOIf the period has passed7 chec? stat#te or r#$e for $ate fi$in proced#res.OODeter1ine and co1p$' "ith an' C1eet and conferD re8#ire1ents. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.22)> I)5.+1.OOChec? "ith co#rt c$er?7 if appropriate7 for avai$a&i$it' of hearin dates7 and for an' $oca$ r#$es or c#sto1s re$atin to partic#$ar 1otion.OO(repare 1ovin papers@OONotice of 1otion :see II12.14J12.)2;OOMe1orand#1 in s#pport of 1otion :see II12.))J12.+3;OODec$arations or affidavits7 if needed :see II12.+4J12.2+;OO.6hi&its7 i.e., doc#1ents or papers not 'et on fi$e in action that &ear on 1otion7 if needed :see II12.22J12.35;OORe8#ests that co#rt ta?e *#dicia$ notice7 if needed :see I12.31;OO(roposed order7 if needed :see II12.12+J12.122;OOApp$ication for order e6tendin or shortenin ti1e7 if needed :see II12.11J12.1-;OOAn' other re8#ired papersOO(roof of service :see II12.32J12.45;OOServe and fi$e 1ovin papers :see II12.32J12.45;.OORevie" opposition papers and serve and fi$e rep$' or s#pp$e1entar' papers7 if needed :see I12.115;.OOChec? "ith co#rt for tentative r#$in if one has &een 1ade.OOMa?e arrane1ents for co#rt reporter to &e at hearin :see I12.12%;.OO(repare for and attend hearin7 and present the ora$ ar#1ent :and evidence7 if per1itted; in favor of 1otion :see II12.112J12.122;.OOIf favora&$e r#$in is o&tained7 prepare notice of r#$in or for1 of order7 if needed :see I12.12-;.OOServe and fi$e notice of r#$in or sined order :#n$ess done &' co#rt or other"ise #nnecessar'; :see I12.1%5;. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se.I12.)+2.Motions7 App$ications7 and (etitions Not Re8#irin Me1orand#1Civi$ 1otions7 app$ications7 and petitions fi$ed on (etition for order prohi&itin ase :transitiona$ ho#sin;> (etition to approve co1pro1ise of a c$ai1 of a 1inor or an inco1petent person> and (etition for "ithdra"a$ of f#nds fro1 a &$oc?ed acco#nt. Despite Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111):a;7 if it "o#$d f#rther the interests of *#stice7 a part' 1a' s#&1it7 or the co#rt 1a' order the s#&1ission of7 a 1e1orand#1 in s#pport of an' 1otion7 app$ication7 or petition. The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 1#st co1p$' "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111):&;. %. /or1at of S#pportin Me1orand#1I12.)-a.Contents of S#pportin Me1orand#1A s#pportin 1e1orand#1 1#st contain :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:&;; the fo$$o"in@ A state1ent of facts> A concise state1ent of the $a"> The evidence and ar#1ent re$ied on> and A disc#ssion of the stat#tes7 cases7 and te6t&oo?s cited in s#pport of the position &ein advanced. I12.)2&./or1at and St'$eA case citation 1#st inc$#de the officia$ report=s vo$#1e and pae n#1&er and 'ear of decision. No other citations 1a' &e re8#ired. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:c;.The st'$e #sed in a s#pportin 1e1orand#1 sha$$ &e that set forth in the paes of the ta&$es 1#st &e n#1&ered consec#tive$'7 #sin $o"erEcaseRo1an n#1era$s startin on the first pae of the ta&$es> and the paes of the te6t 1#st &e n#1&ered consec#tive$' #sin Ara&ic n#1era$s startin on the first pae of the te6t. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:h;. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. I12.+5).OraniBation of S#pportin Me1orand#1The t'pica$ oraniBation of a s#pportin 1e1orand#1 &eins "ith an introd#ctor' section7 inc$#des one or 1ore separate sections foc#sin on partic#$ar aspects of the 1otion7 and ends "ith a conc$#din s#11ar'. The f#nction of each of these portions of the 1e1orand#1 is disc#ssed separate$' in II12.+1J12.+2.I12.+1a.Introd#ctor' State1ent> Introd#ctionAfter the case caption7 the 1e1orand#1 #s#a$$' &eins "ith an introd#ctor' sentence that identifies the 1ovin part' or parties and the 1otion &ein s#pported. This can &e done "ith a state1ent s#ch as the fo$$o"in@Defendant (anE(acific Machiner' and /o#ndr'7 Inc.7 hereafter C(anE(acific7D s#&1its the fo$$o"in 1e1orand#1 in s#pport of its 1otion re8#irin ($aintiff 0i1&er$' ,i$son to f#rnish sec#rit' for costs.This is often an eas' "a' to esta&$ish the shorthand reference to the 1ovin part' or parties #sed $ater in the s#pportin 1e1orand#1 :e.#., as C($aintiff7D CDefendant7D or &' a $ast na1e or a&&reviated na1e;.PRACTICE TIP: It is enera$$' ood practice to inc$#de7 fo$$o"in the introd#ctor' state1ent7 a section $a&e$ed CIntrod#ction7D "hose p#rpose is to ver' &rief$' define the nat#re of the 1otion &ein 1ade andits conte6t. Doin so #s#a$$' re8#ires a &rief description of the $a"s#it and of the 1otion and its p#rpose. This introd#ction sho#$d &e s#ccinct and sho#$d conve' to the *#de "ho is readin the 1otion the i1portance of the 1otion to the case. If a separate s#11ar' of the ar#1ent is not inc$#ded :see I12.+2;7 the introd#ctor' section can a$so &rief$' s#11ariBe or state "h' the 1otion sho#$d &e ranted. &. Ar#1entI12.+2:1;S#11ar' of Ar#1entAn' 1e1orand#1 that e6ceeds 1+ paes 1#st contain an Copenin s#11ar' of ar#1ent.D Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:f;. This is rare &eca#se 1e1orand#1s 1a' not e6ceed 1+ paes "itho#t $eave of co#rt. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:d;. If appropriate7 the s#11ar' of ar#1ent sho#$d &e re$ative$' short7 and it is &est to have a separate headin identif'in it as a s#11ar' of the ar#1ent.NOTE: /or the footer re8#ire1ents7 see Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.115 and I12.22.I12.+%:2;Concise and (ers#asive Ar#1entAfter the introd#ctor' section or sections7 the s#pportin 1e1orand#1 sho#$d inc$#de one or 1ore separate sections dea$in "ith the specifics of the ar#1ents &ein 1ade. The ar#1ents sho#$d &e divided into separate sections7 "ith captions7 each dea$in "ith a specific iss#e or point. .ach section sho#$d &e re$ative$' short. If the ar#1ent on one topic 1#st &e $enth'7 it is often ood practice to divide it into s#&sections "ith s#&headins. Separate sections and separate s#&headins a$$o" for the *#de readin the 1otion to 1ore easi$' fo$$o" the ar#1ents and points &ein 1ade and a$so to 1ore easi$' ret#rn to a specific ar#1ent if the *#de "ishes to reread a partic#$ar point.The captions or s#&captions for separate ar#1ent sections sho#$d &e descriptive :and acc#rate$' identif' the ar#1ent &ein 1ade; and &e as &rief and concise as possi&$e. (hrase the captions and s#&captions in an ar#1entative 1anner7 i.e., as an assertion in favor of the 1ovin part' :e.#., CThe facts de1onstrate that there "as no privit' &et"een p$aintiff and defendantD rather than si1p$' C(rivit'D or C!ac? of privit'D;. So1eti1es7 ho"ever7 especia$$' "ith s#&headins7 short s#&*ect 1atter captions are s#fficient.I12.+):%;App$ica&$e Stat#tes and CasesThe s#pportin 1e1orand#1 1#st contain &oth a concise state1ent of the $a" and a disc#ssion of the app$ica&$e stat#tes and cases. As a r#$e7 co#nse$ sho#$d $oo? first to the stat#tes app$ica&$e to the $ea$ iss#e invo$ved in the 1otion. Those 1a' inc$#de stat#tes definin the standards or re8#ire1ents for the 1otion :e.#., CC( I)%2c for s#11ar' *#d1ents; or the s#&stantive $ea$ standards invo$ved in the case itse$f :e.#., the app$ica&$e stat#te of $i1itations;.Ne6t7 co#nse$ sho#$d research the app$ica&$e case $a"7 &oth for the $ea$ point or iss#e addressed in the 1otion and for the standards app$ica&$e for the t'pe of 1otion &ein 1ade..ach point or state1ent sho#$d &e s#pported &' citation to a stat#te7 co#rt r#$e7 or reported decision. If these are not avai$a&$e7 other a#thorit' 1a' inc$#de te6t&oo?s or $a" revie" artic$es. Genera$$'7 it is 1ore effective to cite one stat#te or case7 and point o#t its specific app$ica&i$it'7 than to s#pport a point "ith CstrinD citations. A Ca$ifornia S#pre1e Co#rt opinion carries 1ore "eiht than a co#rt of appea$ opinion #n$ess the $atter is 1ore on point or 1ore recent. Often7 one S#pre1e Co#rt citation and the $atest co#rt of appea$ case provide a$$ the s#pport needed for a point #n$ess it is i1portant to sho" ho" a r#$e has &een app$ied in a variet' of fact#a$ settins. On citation for1at7 see I12.)2.JUDGES PERSPECTIVE: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 sho#$d c$ear$' identif' the i1portant contro$$in cases and separate the1 fro1 cases cited for pre$i1inar' or fo#ndationa$ 1atters. Cases &e$ieved to &ear stron$' on the partic#$ar 1atter sho#$d &e disc#ssed at $enth7 co11encin "ith Ca$ifornia cases.It is &etter practice to set forth a &rief s#11ar' or 8#otation of the re$evant s#&stance of the cited a#thorit' and to point o#t in "hat "a' it &ears on the 1atter &efore the co#rt than to provide a p$ethora of citations. A sin$e case in point 1a' &e s#fficient. The va$#e of points 1ade and the $ea$ a#thorities s#pportin the1 $ies in their c#rrent re$evanc' and not in their 8#antit'. .ach case cited for other than pre$i1inar' or e$e1entar' 1atters sho#$d &e disc#ssed in ter1s of its re$ationship to the case at &ar.I12.++:a;I1proper Use of Repea$ed or Overr#$ed !ea$ A#thorit'Co#nse$ 1a' not 1is8#ote a#thorities or cite stat#tes that have &een repea$ed or he$d #nconstit#tiona$ or cases that have &een overr#$ed. Ca$ R#$es of (rof Cond +J255.I12.+-:&;Usin A#thorit' /ro1 Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5-:a;. Code of Civi$ (roced#re I155+ re8#ires that a "ritten notice of 1otion &e acco1panied &' s#pportin dec$arations.Motions are #s#a$$' 1ade and deter1ined on dec$arations a$one. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5-:a;> 'ec!ett v 5a&nar )f#. Co. :14+3; )4 C2d -4+7 -43 n%. Dec$arations are #sed &oth to provide fact#a$ 1atters for the decision on the 1otion and as a 1eans for statin facts in a direct and $oica$ order7 sparin the *#de the need to ferret the1 o#t of the case record. So1e 1otions can &e ranted7 of co#rse7 even tho#h not s#pported &' a dec$aration. See7 e.#., 'lac! 'ros. Co. v $uperior Court:14-3; 2-+ CA2d +517 +527 disapproved on other ro#nds in (en+am v $uperior Court:1425; 2 C%d ++2. Other 1otions re8#ire that a dec$aration &e s#&1itted. See7 e.#., CC( II252%.515:i;7 252%.525 :discover' 1otions;> CC( I1553:&; :"hen prior si1i$ar 1otions have &een 1ade;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.225 :re8#est for dis1issa$ of c$ass action;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%)2:a; :dis1issa$ for fai$#re to prosec#te;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%-5 :1otion for $ien on a ca#se of action or *#d1ent;.In e6ercisin its po"er to e6c$#de or per1it ora$ testi1on'7 the tria$ co#rt fo$$o"s the principa$ that constit#tiona$ d#e process entit$es the parties to notice and hearin appropriate to the case. See )arria#e of *ad!arni:2554; 12% CA)th 1)3%7 1)44 :&eca#se app$ication for restrainin order #nder Do1estic Aio$ence (revention Act "as facia$$' s#fficient7 dis1issa$ reversed and case re1anded for hearin on 1erits;. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. %. Se$ectin Dec$arantI12.-1a.Tactica$ ConsiderationsThe attorne' 1#st 1a?e tactica$ decisions in deter1inin "ho sho#$d s#&1it a dec$aration in s#pport ofa 1otion or ho" 1an' dec$arations to s#&1it. If a fact#a$ point needs to &e esta&$ished7 it 1#st7 of co#rse7 &e esta&$ished &' so1eone "ith s#fficient persona$ ?no"$ede that the dec$aration state1ents are co1petent evidence. See I12.-+. The dec$arant "ho is in a position to verif' or present the fact "i$$pro&a&$' &e the 1ost pers#asive7 and if severa$ facts are to &e presented7 it is #s#a$$' advantaeo#s and 1ore efficient to have those facts addressed &' as fe" "itnesses as possi&$e.There are7 ho"ever7 sinificant differences &et"een tria$ testi1on' and fact findin thro#h dec$arations. Dec$arations 1a' &e caref#$$' drafted &' co#nse$7 "hereas tria$ testi1on' tends to &e spontaneo#s in its "ordin and depends on the "itness=s partic#$ar persona$it'7 $in#istic s?i$$s7 and state of 1ind. /#rther1ore7 a dec$arant in a "ritten dec$aration "i$$ not ordinari$' &e a&$e to &e crossEe6a1ined on "hat is inc$#ded in the dec$aration prior to the hearin on the 1otion.I12.-2&.Attorne' as Dec$arant,hether co#nse$ sho#$d act as a dec$arant depends on the nat#re of the facts to &e presented and the necessit' of #sin the attorne' for that p#rpose. The 1ost co11on sit#ations in "hich co#nse$ presentshis or her o"n dec$aration are the fo$$o"in@ ,hen the dec$aration addresses co11#nication &et"een co#nse$> If the dec$aration presents copies of p$eadins or discover' 1ateria$ :e.#., copies of doc#1ents prod#ced7 interroator' ans"ers7 deposition transcripts;> If a partic#$ar stat#te ca$$s for a certificate that co#$d &e appropriate$' provided on$' &' co#nse$ :see7 e.#., CC( I1553:&;;> or If the facts presented invo$ve the activities of co#nse$ in the $itiation :e.#., ti1e spent and the cost of preparin or defendin a 1otion "hen sanctions are so#ht;. PRACTICE TIP: Co#nse$ sho#$d &e caref#$ not to s#&1it a dec$aration that addresses fact#a$ 1atter direct$' s#pportin or contradictin p$eadin a$$eations. S#ch a dec$aration "o#$d ris? "aivin an' app$ica&$e attorne'Ec$ient or "or?Eprod#ct privi$ees.The Ca$ifornia R#$es of (rofessiona$ Cond#ct prec$#de co#nse$ fro1 actin as an advocate for a part' &efore a *#r' "hen co#nse$ "i$$ a$so testif' on s#&stantive 1atters7 at $east "itho#t the c$ient=s infor1ed7 "ritten consent. Ca$ R#$es of (rof Cond +J215. .ven "itho#t *#r' invo$ve1ent7 "hen co#nse$ is e6pected to &e a "itness at tria$ :a concern if co#nse$ is the &est person to s#&1it a s#&stantive dec$aration as to facts;7 consideration sho#$d &e iven as to "hether it is in the c$ient=s &est interests to have co#nse$ act in &oth capacities. On $i1itations of co#nse$ actin as a "itness7 see I).%). ). /or1at of Dec$arationI12.-%a.CaptionA dec$aration is #s#a$$' drafted as a separate paper7 "ith the caption prescri&ed for co#rt papers &' Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.155J2.1147 even tho#h it is attached to a notice of 1otion. A defect in the tit$e of the action does not render the paper inva$id or ineffect#a$ if it inte$$ii&$' refers to the action. CC( I15)-. The caption of a dec$aration 1#st identif' the na1e of the dec$arant :or affiant; and identif' the 1otionor proceedin that it s#pports :or opposes;. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111+:a;. /or e6a1p$e7 a caption co#$d read@ CDec$aration of a dec$aration that states on$' the conc$#sions or opinions of the dec$arant is ins#fficient. See Tri-$tate )f#. Co. v $uperior Court:14-); 22) CA2d ))27 ))+. One test for "hether a state1ent in a dec$aration sho#$d &e considered is "hether a per*#r' prosec#tion co#$d &e &ased on the state1ent if it "ere fa$se. See )ac! v $uperior Court:14-3; 2+4 CA2d 27 15.PRACTICE TIP: An attorne' draftin a dec$aration sho#$d consider not on$' the ad1issi&i$it' and pers#asiveness of "hat is said7 t a$so that the dec$aration 1a' &e #sed to crossEe6a1ine the dec$arant at a $ater deposition or at tria$. The dec$aration 1#st state eno#h fact#a$ 1atter to &e pers#asive in s#pport of the 1otion7 t it sho#$d not &e repetitive or contain #nnecessar' detai$.I12.-4a.State1ents of OpinionOpinions stated in a dec$aration are so1eti1es considered "hen the dec$aration sho"s that The opinion is rationa$$' &ased on the dec$arant=s perception and is he$pf#$ to a c$ear #nderstandin of his or her testi1on' :see .vid C I355;> or The dec$arant is 8#a$ified to testif' as an e6pert on the s#&*ect :see .vid C I351;. I12.25&.9earsa' State1ents9earsa' state1ents 1a' &e disrearded #n$ess ad1issi&$e #nder an e6ception to the hearsa' r#$e. See Pacific Air Lines, Inc. v $uperior Court:14-+; 2%1 CA2d +32. See a$so 2eat+ers v 5aiser Found. Hosps. :1421; + C%d 437 15- :a$tho#h dec$arant=s state1ent 1iht have &een &ased on hearsa'7 it 1iht a$so have &een &ased on o&servation and7 th#s7 co#$d &e considered #nder the pres#1ption that it"as 1ade on persona$ ?no"$ede;. I12.21-.S#&scriptionThe proper s#&scription for a dec$aration or affidavit is i1portant &eca#se the co#rt "i$$ disreard an incorrect$' e6ec#ted dec$aration or affidavit.I12.22a.Dec$aration Under (ena$t' of (er*#r'A dec$aration #nder pena$t' of per*#r' 1#st &e sined &' the dec$arant and certified or dec$ared to &e tr#e C#nder pena$t' of per*#r'.D CC( I251+.+. It is i1proper for an attorne' to sin dec$arations #nder pena$t' of per*#r' on &eha$f of his or her c$ients or "itnesses7 even in fa1i$' $a" co#rt. )arria#e of Reese 6 3u&:1444; 2% CA)th 121)7 1222. The certification or dec$aration 1a' &e in s#&stantia$$' the fo$$o"in for1 :CC( I251+.+;@I dec$are #nder pena$t' of per*#r' #nder the $a"s of the State of Ca$ifornia that the foreoin is tr#e andcorrect.PRACTICE TIP: .ither Ccertif'D or Cdec$areD can &e #sed7 t not &oth. See CC( I251+.+. Most attorne's #se Cdec$areD #n$ess a partic#$ar stat#te ca$$s for a certification or the paper is ca$$ed a certificate. Other attorne's #se Ccertif'D "hen the dec$aration is sined &' an attorne' or co#rt officia$. The phrase C#nder the $a"s of the State of Ca$iforniaD can &e o1itted if the dec$aration is e6ec#ted "ithin Ca$ifornia and the p$ace of e6ec#tion is stated.This state1ent is nor1a$$' p$aced at the end of the dec$aration. See People v Pierce:14-2; -- C2d +%7 +4 :end is preferred7 not re8#ired;. A state1ent dec$ared to &e 1ade C#nder pena$t' of per*#r'D is accepta&$e even tho#h Ctr#e and correctD has &een o1itted. See Pacific Air Lines, Inc. v $uperior Court:14-+; 2%1 CA2d +32. See a$so People v Pacific Land Researc+ Co. :1422; 25 C%d 157 21 n11 :dec$aration did not state p$ace of e6ec#tion or that it "as 1ade #nder pena$t' of per*#r'> address and sinat#re s#fficient to constit#te co1p$iance;> People v Resolute Ins. Co. :142+; )- CA%d 2)47 2+- :dec$aration 1issin date and p$ace of e6ec#tion s#fficient "hen attached doc#1ent contained date and p$ace of e6ec#tion;. I12.2%:1;,ritin Re8#ire1entThe state1ent 1#st &e in "ritin7 &eca#se Cs#&scri&eD as #sed in CC( I251+.+ 1eans to sin "ith one=s o"n hand. Th#s7 "hen a transcript of a te$ephone conversation "ith vario#s "itnesses "as s#&1itted7 even tho#h the "itnesses said that their state1ents "ere tr#e and correct #nder pena$t' of per*#r'7 there "as no co1p$iance "ith I251+.+7 and the transcripts "ere inad1issi&$e as evidence. $toc!in#er v Feat+er River Communit& Colle#e:255%; 111 CA)th 151)7 152-. I12.2):2;Date of .6ec#tionThe date of e6ec#tion 1#st &e stated. CC( I251+.+> People v 7nited 'ondin# Ins. Co. :14-4; 222 CA2d ))17 ))). The co#rt 1#st disreard a dec$aration that $ac?s the re8#ired for1a$ities :'aron v )are:142+; )2 CA%d %5)7 %53; or "hen it is patent$' #ntr#e :5rue#er v $uperior Court:1424; 34 CA%d 4%)7 4%4 :dec$aration predated 1atter verified;;. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. %. Se$ectin Dec$arantI12.-1a.Tactica$ ConsiderationsThe attorne' 1#st 1a?e tactica$ decisions in deter1inin "ho sho#$d s#&1it a dec$aration in s#pport ofa 1otion or ho" 1an' dec$arations to s#&1it. If a fact#a$ point needs to &e esta&$ished7 it 1#st7 of co#rse7 &e esta&$ished &' so1eone "ith s#fficient persona$ ?no"$ede that the dec$aration state1ents are co1petent evidence. See I12.-+. The dec$arant "ho is in a position to verif' or present the fact "i$$pro&a&$' &e the 1ost pers#asive7 and if severa$ facts are to &e presented7 it is #s#a$$' advantaeo#s and 1ore efficient to have those facts addressed &' as fe" "itnesses as possi&$e.There are7 ho"ever7 sinificant differences &et"een tria$ testi1on' and fact findin thro#h dec$arations. Dec$arations 1a' &e caref#$$' drafted &' co#nse$7 "hereas tria$ testi1on' tends to &e spontaneo#s in its "ordin and depends on the "itness=s partic#$ar persona$it'7 $in#istic s?i$$s7 and state of 1ind. /#rther1ore7 a dec$arant in a "ritten dec$aration "i$$ not ordinari$' &e a&$e to &e crossEe6a1ined on "hat is inc$#ded in the dec$aration prior to the hearin on the 1otion.I12.2+&.AffidavitAn affidavit is a "ritten dec$aration #nder oath7 1ade "itho#t notice to the adverse part'. CC( I255%. It is c#sto1ar' for the affiant to sin an affidavit7 t an affidavit "ith a proper *#rat is s#fficient "itho#t the affiant=s sinat#re #n$ess a partic#$ar stat#te or r#$e re8#ires a sined affidavit. Cit& of Petaluma v 2+ite :1452; 1+2 C 1457 14+> (od#e v Free:142%; %2 CA%d )%-7 ))%.The *#rat of an affidavit is a certificate statin "hen7 "here7 and &efore "ho1 the affidavit "as s"orn or affir1ed. See CC( II254%J254). A state1ent "itho#t a *#rat is not s#fficient to serve as an affidavit. People v 7nited 'ondin# Ins. Co.:14-4; 222 CA2d ))17 ))%. The *#rat 1a' ta?e different for1s in other states or if 1ade &' an officer other than a notar' p#&$ic. Code of Civi$ (roced#re II2512J251+ specif' the persons and officers in Ca$ifornia :Can' officer a#thoriBed to ad1inister oathsD; and e$se"here "ho 1a' certif' affidavits.A notar'=s sea$ sta1ped near his or her sinat#re sho#$d indicate the co#nt' in "hich the notar'=s oath of office is fi$ed7 the co#nt' in "hich the notar'=s &ond is fi$ed7 and the date on "hich the notar'=s co11ission e6pires. See Govt C I3252. 9o"ever7 an other"ise s#fficient affidavit 1a' &e va$id "itho#t the sea$. See Reclamation (ist. v $no"-all :1411; 1-5 C -4+.I12.2-C.($eadins and (apers on /i$e($eadins and papers on fi$e in the action are &efore the *#de :at $east if referred to in the notice of 1otion; and 1a' &e referred to in the 1e1orand#1 and dec$arations. .ven tho#h the c$er?=s fi$e of the case "i$$ &e iven to the *#de hearin the 1otion7 co#nse$ sho#$d attach a cop' of the pertinent papers to the 1otion papers for the convenience of the *#de. An' paper previo#s$' fi$ed 1#st &e referred to &' tit$e and date of e6ec#tion. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1115:d;.That a 1atter is stated in a p$eadin or paper in the co#rt fi$e does not7 &' itse$f7 necessari$' satisf' app$ica&$e evidentiar' re8#ire1ents. /or instance7 if the intent is to prove the tr#th of a fact inc$#ded in the a$$eations of a p$eadin7 the p$eadin 1#st have &een verified and the a$$eations 1#st &e in the for1 of evidentiar' facts rather than #$ti1ate facts or conc$#sions. See Continental 'a!in# Co. v 5at,:14-3; -3 C2d +127 +%2.I12.22D.Doc#1entar' .vidence in S#pport of MotionContracts7 $etters7 siness records7 and other doc#1ents can &e #sed to s#pport a 1otion. Co#nse$ sho#$d either O&tain the aree1ent of adverse co#nse$ that the doc#1ent :or a cop'; 1a' &e #sed> or Inc$#de in s#pportin dec$arations a#thenticatin state1ents that per1it the doc#1ent=s ad1ission in evidence over o&*ections to a#thentication :see .vid C I1)55;7 secondar' evidence:see .vid C I1+21;7 and hearsa' :see .vid C I1255;. See (u#ar v Happ& Ti#er Records, Inc.:142); )1 CA%d 3117 31+. The dec$aration that a#thenticates a doc#1ent 1a' a$so incorporate it &' reference7 for e6a1p$e@On O OPdateQO O7 I entered into a "ritten aree1ent "ith O OPnameQO O. A tr#e and correct cop' of that aree1ent7 1ar?ed .6hi&it A7 is attached to this dec$aration and incorporated &' reference.If a doc#1ent is offered to prove the tr#th of 1atters stated in it7 the doc#1ent is hearsa' evidence :see .vid C I1255; and the dec$aration that acco1panies it sho#$d contain state1ents that esta&$ish its ad1issi&i$it' #nder one of the e6ceptions to the hearsa' r#$e :see .vid C II1225J1%+5;. A doc#1ent offered on$' to sho" its e6istence and ter1s is not s#&*ect to a hearsa' o&*ection.So1e 1otions 1#st &e acco1panied &' partic#$ar fi$ins7 as specified &' stat#te or the Ca$ifornia R#$esof Co#rt. /or e6a1p$e7 certain discover' 1otions 1#st &e acco1panied &' a separate paper $istin the discover' re8#ests7 responses7 and reasons for co1pe$$in f#rther response. Other doc#1ents re$ied on 1#st &e s#11ariBed. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1525. I12.23..Attached .6hi&its.6hi&its 1#st &e separated &' a hard 3N &' 11 inch sheet "ith ta&s &earin the e6hi&it desination that e6tend &e$o" the &otto1 of the pae. (aes fro1 a sin$e deposition and an' associated e6hi&its 1#st &e desinated as a sin$e e6hi&it. An inde6 to the e6hi&its 1#st &e inc$#ded. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1115:f;..6hi&its 1a' &e fastened to paes of the specified siBe and7 "hen prepared &' a 1achine cop'in process7 1#st &e e8#a$ to t'pe"ritten 1ateria$ in $ei&i$it' and per1anenc' of i1ae. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.11).A$$ references to e6hi&its or dec$arations in s#pportin or opposin papers 1#st reference the n#1&er or $etter of the e6hi&it7 and7 if appropriate7 the pararaph or $ine n#1&er. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:?;. I12.241.Materia$s !oded ,ith C$er?Materia$s $oded "ith the c$er? sho#$d &e acco1panied &' a ret#rn enve$ope :addressed and sta1ped; so that the 1ateria$ can &e 1ai$ed &ac? after the 1otion is decided. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%52:&;. So1e $oca$ r#$es provide for the #se of attorne' pic?E#p services for $oded 1ateria$s as an a$ternative to providin a ret#rn enve$ope. See7 e.#., !os Ane$es Ct R %.):&;.I12.352.Use of CopiesIf an oriina$ doc#1ent is re8#ired7 copies of the doc#1ents 1a' &e #sed and identified in dec$arations7and the oriina$s &ro#ht to co#rt at the ti1e of the hearin.If the oriina$ is needed and if the doc#1ent is in the hands of an adverse part'7 a notice or s#&poena directin its prod#ction at the hearin can &e served "ith the 1otion papers. CC( I1432:&;J:c;.The Csecondar' evidence r#$eD provides that the content of a "ritin 1a' &e proved &' other"ise ad1issi&$e secondar' evidence #n$ess@ A en#ine disp#te e6ists reardin 1ateria$ ter1s of the "ritin and *#stice re8#ires e6c$#sion> or Ad1ission "o#$d &e #nfair. NOTE: .vid C I1+21. See a$so .vid C II1225J1222. The secondar' evidence r#$e app$ies to evidence offered in 1otion proceedins.Co#nse$ sho#$d a$so re1e1&er that if the e6istence of the doc#1ent7 rather than the tr#th of its contents7 is "hat is &ein proven7 there is not a hearsa' pro&$e1 as to the contents. See7 e.#., .vid C I1255. I12.31/.Re8#ests for see II13.)2J13.)% :disc#ssion;7 II13.)+J13.)4 :for1s;;. A confor1ed cop' of the proof of service for1 is attached to each set of copies of the 1otion papers served.On service and fi$in of the papers enera$$'7 see chap 13.I12.3%1.,ho1 to ServeA$$ parties to the action sho#$d &e served "ith the 1otion papers. See CC( II1515J1525. The attorne' for the p$aintiff na1ed first in the co1p$aint 1#st 1aintain and 1a?e avai$a&$e a $ist of a$$ parties and the addresses at "hich the' 1a' &e served. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.2+).I12.3)2.Service &' Mai$Service of papers &' 1ai$ 1a' &e 1ade "here there is re#$ar 1ai$ service avai$a&$e. CC( I1512. Service &' 1ai$ can &e 1ade &' a person "ho is :CC( I151%a:%;; A resident of7 or e1p$o'ed in7 the co#nt' "here the 1ai$in occ#rs> Over the ae of 13 and not a part' to the $a"s#it> and Readi$' fa1i$iar "ith the co$$ection and processin of correspondence for 1ai$in. (apers are served &' that person p$acin the1 in a sea$ed7 addressed7 and sta1ped enve$ope7 and depositin it "ith the United States (osta$ Service or &' p$acin that sea$ed enve$ope for co$$ection and 1ai$in in accordance "ith ordinar' siness practices. CC( I151%a:%;. On service &' 1ai$ and e6press 1ai$7 see II13.3J13.12.As a 1atter of co#rtes'7 1ai$in sho#$d &e 1ade in a ti1e$' fashion and de$ivered "itho#t #nd#e de$a'.Moreover7 service is pres#1ed inva$id if the posta$ cance$$ation date or postae 1eter date is 1ore than1 da' after the date of the deposit for 1ai$in stated on the proof of service. CC( I151%a:%;.Service is co1p$ete at the ti1e of the deposit of the papers :CC( I151%:a;;7 t an' prescri&ed ti1e that depends #pon the date of s#ch service :e.#., a notice period; is e6tended :CC( I155+:&;; + ca$endar da's for service &' 1ai$ if the p$ace of address and p$ace of 1ai$in is in Ca$ifornia> 15 ca$endar da's if either the p$ace of 1ai$in or p$ace of address is o#tside Ca$ifornia t "ithin the United States> and 25 ca$endar da's if either the p$ace of 1ai$in or the p$ace of address is o#tside the United States. The dec$arant 1a' sin the proof of service &' 1ai$ on$' after the enve$opes have &een sea$ed and are on their "a'. See CC( I151%a:%;. Th#s7 a cop' of the proof of service act#a$$' served on other parties sho#$d not inc$#de the sinat#re of the dec$arant. See for1s in II13.)+J13.)4.NOTE: So1e attorne's add a state1ent that the dec$arant is a"are that7 on 1otion of the part' served7 service &' 1ai$ #nder CC( I151%a:%; is pres#1ed inva$id if the cance$$ation date or postae 1eter dateon the enve$ope is 1ore than 1 da' $ater than the deposit date stated in the dec$aration.I12.3+%.Service &' (ersona$ De$iver'Service can &e 1ade &' persona$ de$iver' of the papers. (ersona$ de$iver' does not necessari$' re8#ire that the recipient act#a$$' &e present "hen the papers are de$ivered. If service is to &e 1ade on an attorne'7 the papers 1a' &e $eft at the attorne'=s office as specified in CC( I1511:a;. ,hen it is appropriate and "hen service is to &e 1ade on a part' rather than co#nse$7 the papers 1a' &e de$ivered to the part'=s residence7 as specified in CC( I1511:&;.On service of process7 inc$#din sa1p$e for1s7 see chap 13. I12.3-).Service &' /a6 or .$ectronica$$'(apers 1a' &e served &' fa6 if the parties aree and the aree1ent is confir1ed in "ritin. CC( I151%:e;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.%5-:a;:1;. Additiona$$'7 the co#rt 1a' serve notices &' fa6 if the parties aree. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.%5-:c;. An attorne' or a part' "ho "ishes to receive service &' fa6 1#st have a fa6 1achine avai$a&$e to receive doc#1ents &et"een the ho#rs of 4 a.1. and + p.1. on "ee?da's7 e6cept for co#rt ho$ida's. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.%5-:f;. On service &' fa67 see Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.%55J2.%5- and II13.1-J13.22.A co#rt 1a' re8#ire e$ectronic fi$in and service of doc#1ents in specified t'pes of cases &' $oca$ r#$e or co#rt order. See CC( I1515.-> CC( II1515.-7 151%:;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.2+5J2.2+4. On e$ectronic service7 see chap 13.I12.32B./i$in (apers ,ith Co#rtThe oriina$ of the 1otion papers7 "ith the appropriate proofs of service7 is fi$ed in the co#rt c$er?=s office. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%52:a;.PRACTICE TIP: Co#nse$ sho#$d chec? $oca$ r#$es to deter1ine if an' copies sho#$d &e fi$ed "ith the co#rt. So1e co#rts re8#ire fi$in one or 1ore copies "ith the c$er?. Co#nse$ sho#$d a$so deter1ine if a cop' sho#$d &e de$ivered direct$' to the assined *#de or to the $a" and 1otion depart1ent.The fi$in sho#$d co1p$' "ith CC( I155+:&; :at $east 1- co#rt da's &efore the hearin;. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55:a;.,hen the oriina$ papers are fi$ed "ith the co#rt7 a set of copies sho#$d a$so &e avai$a&$e so that the co#rt c$er? acceptin the oriina$s can affi6 a co#rt sta1p on the set of copies7 sho"in that the oriina$s have &een fi$ed. Co#nse$ can then retain these sta1ped copies if an' 8#estion arises as to the date of fi$in or if the oriina$s are 1isp$aced. C. Service on (#&$ic Officer or Aenc'I12.331.Service on Attorne' Genera$In addition to an' stat#tor' re8#ire1ents for service of &riefs on p#&$ic officers or aencies7 a part' 1#st serve its &rief or petition on the Attorne' Genera$ if the &rief or petition :Ca$ R#$es of Ct 3.24:c;; G#estions the constit#tiona$it' of a state stat#te> or Is fi$ed on &eha$f of the State of Ca$ifornia7 a co#nt'7 or an officer "ho1 the Attorne' Genera$ 1a' $a"f#$$' represent in A cri1ina$ case> A case in "hich the state or a state officer in his or her officia$ capacit' is a part'> or A case in "hich a co#nt' is a part'7 #n$ess the co#nt'=s interest conf$icts "ith that of the state or a state officer in his or her officia$ capacit'. I12.342.(roof of Service,hen a stat#te or this r#$e of service on the Attorne' Genera$ :see I12.33; re8#ires a part' to serve an'doc#1ent on a nonpart' p#&$ic officer or aenc'7 the part' 1#st fi$e proof of s#ch service "ith the doc#1ent #n$ess a stat#te per1its service after the doc#1ent is fi$ed7 in "hich event the proof of service 1#st &e fi$ed i11ediate$' after the doc#1ent is served on the p#&$ic officer or aenc'. Ca$ R#$es of Ct 3.24:a;.I12.45%.Identification on Cover,hen a stat#te or this r#$e of service on the Attorne' Genera$ :see I12.33; re8#ires a part' to serve an'doc#1ent on a nonpart' p#&$ic officer or aenc'7 the cover of the doc#1ent 1#st contain a state1ent that identifies the stat#te or r#$e re8#irin service of the doc#1ent on the p#&$ic officer or aenc' in s#&stantia$$' the fo$$o"in for1@ CService on Pinsert na1e of officer or aenc'Q re8#ired &' Pinsert citation to stat#te or r#$eQ.D Ca$ R#$es of Ct 3.24:&;. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. AI. O((OSING MOTION A. Tactica$ ConsiderationsI12.411.Initia$ .va$#ation of MotionAn attorne' served "ith a notice of 1otion sho#$d read the 1otion papers i11ediate$' and decide "hatresponse7 if an'7 sho#$d &e 1ade. As a part of that eva$#ation7 tho#ht sho#$d &e iven to The 1erits of the 1otion itse$f7 i.e., "hether the 1ovin part' is entit$ed to the order so#ht> ,hether the 1ovin part' 1et a$$ ti1e and technica$ re8#ire1ents for the partic#$ar 1otion> and 9o" the 1otion is $i?e$' to affect the parties= overa$$ tactica$ positions. The part' served "ith 1otion papers has three &asic options@ Do nothin7 effective$' ac8#iescin in iss#ance of the order so#ht> Atte1pt to neotiate "ith opposin co#nse$ so1e co1pro1ise order or res#$t> or Oppose the 1otion :&' fi$in and servin opposition papers;. I12.42a.CostEBenefit Ana$'sisCo#nse$ 1#st decide "hether opposin a 1otion is advisa&$e in the conte6t of the part'=s overa$$ $itiation p$an. Opposin a 1otion entai$s ti1e7 effort7 and e6pense7 and co#nse$ 1a' find it #sef#$ to #nderta?e a costE&enefit ana$'sis.Co#nse$ sho#$d consider 8#estions s#ch as the fo$$o"in@ Does the anticipated &enefit :after disco#ntin the possi&i$it' of $osin the 1otion and an' disadvantae of ed#catin the adversar'; o#t"eih the e6pense of opposin the 1otionL 9o" does the &a$ance th#s deter1ined co1pare "ith the &a$ance reached &' "eihin the advantaes and costs of other approaches7 s#ch as tr'in to neotiate a reso$#tion "ith opposinco#nse$L I12.4%&./actors to Be .va$#atedA1on the factors deter1inin the attorne'=s response to an opposin 1otion are the fo$$o"in@ The sinificance of s#ccess or fai$#re of the 1otion to the #$ti1ate o#tco1e of the case. /or e6a1p$e7 correctin an easi$' correcta&$e error in a p$eadin 1a' 1a?e reater sense than spendin the ti1e and 1one' opposin a specia$ de1#rrer. Si1i$ar$'7 providin 1ore detai$ or so1e e6tra infor1ation in a discover' response 1a' have no effect on the o#tco1e of the case and 1a' &e faster and cheaper than opposin a discover' 1otion even if the re$evance of the infor1ation is 8#estiona&$e. The $i?e$ihood that vioro#s opposition can defeat the 1otion. The daner of a$ertin the adversar' to 1atters that are &est $eft #nfoc#sed. /or e6a1p$e7 the &est opposition to a partic#$ar 1otion 1iht &e to foc#s on a partic#$ar defect or potentia$ defectin the opponent=s case "ith the res#$t that the opponent "i$$ p#rs#e a different theor' or deve$opadditiona$ evidence on the oriina$ theor'. The advantae7 if an'7 of ear$' deter1ination of the iss#e raised &' the 1otion. In so1e sit#ations7 even tho#h the partic#$ar iss#e is not cr#cia$ to the o#tco1e of the case7 the princip$e that "o#$d &e decided on reso$#tion of the 1otion "o#$d have &roader sinificance in the contin#in cond#ct of the case. /or e6a1p$e7 it 1a' &e #sef#$ to have the co#rt r#$e on attorne'Ec$ient privi$ee 8#estions ear$' if iss#es arisin fro1 that privi$ee 1iht rec#r $ater. /#rther7 favora&$e reso$#tion of the 1otion7 iven the facts on "hich it "i$$ &e decided7 1a' set a pattern for reso$#tion of $ater disp#tes or 8#estions. ,hether opposition to the 1otion "i$$ he$p or interfere "ith an' sett$e1ent possi&i$ities. The cost of opposin the 1otion7 in &oth direct 1onetar' cost to the part' and in the enera$ cond#ct of the $itiation and the re$ationship &et"een co#nse$. ,hether an accepta&$e res#$t can &e achieved &' $ess cost$' 1eas#res. PRACTICE TIP: Un$ess there is a $eiti1ate o&*ective to &e achieved &' opposin the 1otion7 a 1otion sho#$d not &e opposed. /rivo$o#s or #nnecessar' opposition res#$ts in increased costs for the parties invo$ved and #nnecessar' ti1e &' the co#rt7 and 1a' s#&*ect an attorne'7 fir17 or part' to sanctions #nder CC( I123.2.Section 123.2 does not app$' to discover' re8#ests7 responses7 o&*ections7 or 1otions. CC( I123.2:;. Sanctions #nder the Ca$ifornia Civi$ Discover' Act :CC( II251-.515J25%-.5+5; app$' to discover' 1atters. See7 e.#., CC( I252%.5%5. See I1.-. I12.4)2.Cons#$tin ,ith C$ientIt is #s#a$$' ood practice7 and often ood protection7 for co#nse$ to disc#ss "ith the c$ient the nat#re ofthe 1otion and "hether it sho#$d &e opposed. So1e factors to &e eva$#ated in decidin "hether to oppose a 1otion are 1atters as to "hich the c$ient 1a' have sinificant infor1ation or constraints7 inc$#din those invo$vin the costs of opposin the 1otion.PRACTICE TIP: As a r#$e7 the c$ient "ho is invo$ved in the tactica$ decisions 1ade in the $itiation is 1ore $i?e$' to fee$ "e$$ represented than one "ho is not.I12.4+%.!eavin Motion UnopposedO#t of co#rtes' to other co#nse$ and to the co#rt7 an attorne' "ho decides not to oppose a 1otion sho#$d Te$ephone co#nse$ for the 1ovin part' to sa' that there is no opposition7 or to offer to do :or not do; "hatever "as 1oved for7 if "hat is so#ht &' the 1otion can &e achieved "itho#t a for1a$ co#rt order. NOTE: The 1ovin part' sho#$d i11ediate$' infor1 the co#rt that the parties have reso$ved the iss#es raised &' the 1otion7 so that the co#rt can ta?e the 1otion off the ca$endar7 and the *#de and $a" c$er?s can avoid havin to consider the 1otion papers. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5):&;. Advise the co#rt7 "hen a co#rt order is needed or desira&$e7 that there is no opposition to the 1otion so that the co#rt 1a' sin the order "itho#t havin to spend ti1e readin the 1otion papers or to set aside ti1e for a hearin. I12.4-).Reso$vin Motions &' Stip#$ation or Co1pro1iseBefore spendin the ti1e and effort in preparin opposition papers to a 1otion7 the attorne' sho#$d consider "hether a neotiated co1pro1ise or stip#$ation 1iht &e possi&$e to reso$ve the iss#es raised &' the 1otion. If a reso$#tion is possi&$e7 opposin co#nse$ sho#$d contact co#nse$ for the 1ovin part'to tr' to neotiate that reso$#tion. If a reso$#tion is possi&$e t 1ore ti1e is needed for disc#ssion or ana$'sis &efore opposition papers are d#e7 the parties 1a' aree on a $ater date for the hearin on the 1otion and for service and fi$in of opposition papers in order to a$$o" ti1e for neotiation. See I12.152. B. Gro#nds for Opposin MotionI12.421.Nonco1p$iance ,ith (roced#ra$ Re8#ire1entsOpposin co#nse$ 1#st deter1ine "hether the 1ovin part' has 1et the app$ica&$e proced#ra$ re8#ire1ents. Th#s7 the fo$$o"in 8#estions sho#$d &e considered@ ,as the 1otion served and fi$ed at the appropriate ti1eL Did the 1ovin part' 1eet the specificre8#ire1ents in the Code of Civi$ (roced#re or in the R#$es of Co#rt that $i1it the ti1e "ithin "hich the partic#$ar 1otion 1#st &e &ro#htL See7 e.#., II12.2J12.15. The ter1s of an' case 1anae1ent order sho#$d &e chec?ed to see if there are $i1itations e6pressed there. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.223. 9as service &een 1ade in a ti1e$' and proper fashionL If there is an app$ica&$e 1ini1#1 or 1a6i1#1 ti1e for notice7 have those re8#ire1ents &een 1etL See7 e.#., II12.2J12.15. On re8#ire1ents for proof of service7 see II12.32J12.3-. Is there a 1e1orand#1 in s#pport of the 1otion as re8#ired &' Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a; and %.111%L See enera$$' I12.)). If re8#ired7 has evidentiar' s#pport for the 1otion &een providedL See enera$$' II12.+4J12.2+. Are there an' other specia$ re8#ire1ents in the Code of Civi$ (roced#re or in an' other app$ica&$e stat#te or r#$e that 1#st &e 1etL See7 e.#., the affidavit re8#ire1ent in CC( I1553:&; for a 1otion see?in the sa1e order that "as so#ht on a prior 1otion. PRACTICE TIP: ,hen it appears that there is a proced#ra$ defect in the 1otion papers7 opposin co#nse$7 &efore spendin the ti1e and effort for f#rther research or to prepare opposition papers on that &asis7 sho#$d contact the co#rt c$er? to $earn "hether the co#rt has accepted the 1otion papers for fi$inand act#a$$' sched#$ed the hearin. Dependin on the t'pe of defect7 the co#rt 1a' ref#se defective 1otion papers for fi$in a$toether or the hearin 1a' si1p$' not &e sched#$ed. If that occ#rs7 there 1a' &e no daner of the 1otion &ein ranted and ordinari$' nothin f#rther need &e done. B#t see7 e.#., Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55:d; :no paper sha$$ &e re*ected for fi$in on ro#nd that it "as #nti1e$';. If there is potentia$ that the 1otion "o#$d &e heard and r#$ed on &' a *#de7 ho"ever7 then opposition papers 1#st &e fi$ed. An' proced#ra$ defects in the 1otions can &e addressed in the opposition papers.I12.432..videntiar' Matters Inad1issi&$e or Dec$arant Inco1petentIf evidentiar' 1ateria$ is offered to s#pport the 1otion7 opposin co#nse$ sho#$d deter1ine "hether to 1a?e evidentiar' o&*ections. Dec$arations or affidavits7 for instance7 are s#&*ect to o&*ection if these papers do not 1eet the appropriate re8#ire1ents. See7 e.#., CC( I251+.+> see II12.+4J12.2+. The dec$arant 1#st &e co1petent to testif' to the state1ents 1ade in a dec$aration. The sa1e o&*ections can&e 1ade to dec$aration state1ents as "o#$d &e 1ade at tria$ if those state1ents "ere offered as testi1on'. See II12.-+J12.-3. /ina$$'7 the s#&scription on a dec$aration 1#st &e proper. See CC( I251+.+> see I12.22.Reardin other proposed evidence :e.#., doc#1ents7 re8#ests for ad1issions7 or deposition transcripts;7 the standards for ad1issi&i$it' of evidence in connection "ith a 1otion are the sa1e as for ad1issi&i$it' at tria$ and the sa1e o&*ections can &e 1ade. .videntiar' o&*ections can &e 1ade either ina separate paper served and fi$ed7 and identified as s#ch7 or in a separate section in the opposition=s 1e1orand#1. The evidentiar' o&*ections sho#$d c$ear$' identif' the 1atter to "hich o&*ection is 1ade7the precise o&*ection or o&*ections 1ade7 and an' necessar' ar#1ent or s#pportin a#thorit' for s#ch o&*ections./or s#11ar' *#d1ent 1otions7 evidentiar' o&*ections 1#st &e 1ade in "ritin or arrane1ents 1#st &e 1ade for a co#rt reporter to &e present at the hearin :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%+2;> "ritten o&*ections 1#st &e Cserved and fi$ed at the sa1e ti1e as the o&*ectin part'=s opposition or rep$' papers are servedand fi$ed.D :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%+):a;;. On s#11ar' *#d1ent7 see chap %-.I12.44%./acts or !a" Ins#fficient to S#pport MotionThe 1ost co11on "a' to oppose a 1otion is to ar#e that the facts7 the $a"7 or &oth do not *#stif' rantin the 1otion. Accordin$'7 co#nse$ sho#$d perfor1 s#fficient research and ana$'sis to &e a&$e to present a "e$$Ereasoned ar#1ent. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. C. (reparin Opposition (apersI12.1551.Me1orand#1 in Opposition to MotionThe enera$ princip$es for researchin7 preparin7 and oraniBin a 1e1orand#1 in s#pport of a 1otion7 disc#ssed in II12.))J12.+37 app$' e8#a$$' to a 1e1orand#1 in opposition to a 1otion. The opposition 1e1orand#1 1a' &e in a for1 $i?e that sho"n in I12.122. The caption sho#$d identif' the 1ovin part' and the nat#re of the 1otion &ein opposed. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.111:-;.I12.151a.OraniBation of Opposition Me1orand#1The oraniBation of the opposition 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e appropriate to respond to the 1ovin part'=s 1e1orand#1 and ar#1ent. The disc#ssion sho#$d &e divided7 or s#&divided7 into specific s#&*ects so that the *#de hearin the 1otion can easi$' $ocate the response to a partic#$ar point 1ade inthe 1ovin papers. Th#s7 the response is often oraniBed in the sa1e "a'7 and in the sa1e order7 as the 1otion papers.In preparin the opposition 1e1orand#17 opposin co#nse$ 1a' consider doin the fo$$o"in@ (rovide a case s#11ar'7 partic#$ar$' if the 1ovin part' did not s#11ariBe the case in its 1ovin papers. A s#11ar' of the post#re of the case and the settin for the partic#$ar 1otion 1a' &e pers#asive to s#est that a 1otion sho#$d not &e ranted. /or e6a1p$e7 if near$' identica$ iss#es "ere previo#s$' raised in a 1otion and repeated$' denied &' the co#rt7 opposinco#nse$ 1iht &enefit fro1 presentin these facts in a s#11ar' at the &einnin of an opposition 1e1orand#1. Identif' and correct an' 1ateria$ inacc#racies in the 1ovin part'=s state1ent of iss#es or facts. State if partic#$ar points ar#ed in the 1ovin part'=s papers are not disp#ted in an introd#ctor' section or s#11ar'. State "hen one of the 1ovin part'=s points is opposed and &rief$' s#11ariBe the 1ovin part'=s point and then respond to that point. It is #nnecessar' and co#nterprod#ctive to repeat ordetai$ the ar#1ents 1ade in the 1ovin part'=s papers7 and opposin co#nse$=s s#11ar' sho#$d serve on$' to orient the reader to the s#&*ect &ein disc#ssed. O&*ect to inad1issi&$e evidence in an' portion of the 1ovin part'=s papers. These o&*ections 1a' &e stated separate$' or as a part of the opposition 1e1orand#1. See I12.43. I12.152&.!enth Restrictions on Opposition Me1orand#1The opposition 1e1orand#1 1a' not e6ceed 1+ paes e6cept for a s#11ar' *#d1ent or s#11ar' ad*#dication 1otion7 for "hich the 1e1orand#1 is $i1ited to 25 paes. The pae $i1it does not app$' to e6hi&its7 dec$arations7 attach1ents7 a ta&$e of contents7 a ta&$e of a#thorities7 or the proof of service. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:d;.If the opposition 1e1orand#1 e6ceeds 15 paes7 it 1#st inc$#de a ta&$e of contents and ta&$e of a#thorities> if it e6ceeds 1+ paes7 it 1#st contain an Copenin s#11ar' of ar#1ent.D Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:f;. Genera$$'7 the s#11ar' sho#$d precede the ar#1ent itse$f7 it sho#$d &e re$ative$' short7 and it sho#$d have a separate headin identif'in it as a s#11ar'.I12.15%2.Dec$arations Opposin MotionThe attorne' 1#st assess "hether an' opposition dec$arations or affidavits are needed. As "ith 1otion papers7 if a point to &e 1ade re8#ires presentation of a fact to the co#rt7 then the attorne' 1#st present that fact to the co#rt in a proper 1anner. That 1anner is often &' dec$aration or affidavit. Dec$arations 1a' present facts not addressed in the 1ovin part'=s papers at a$$7 or the' 1a' contain denia$s or responses to facts presented &' the 1ovin part'. Not ever' 1otion opposition "i$$ need a dec$aration7 of co#rse. See CC( I251+.+. On the s#&stance and for1at of dec$arations7 see II12.+3J12.2+.I12.15)%.Other .videntiar' Materia$As "ith s#pport for a 1otion7 other evidentiar' 1ateria$ 1a' &e presented as part of the opposition :seeII12.2-J12.35;7 and the co#rt 1a' &e as?ed to ta?e *#dicia$ notice of facts :see .vid C II)+2J)+%; Onre8#estin *#dicia$ notice7 see I12.31. D. Opposition (roced#reI12.15+1.Chec? for Additiona$ /i$in Re8#ire1entsCare sho#$d &e ta?en to ens#re that an' additiona$ fi$in re8#ire1ents in the app$ica&$e stat#tes7 co#rt r#$es7 or $oca$ r#$es that have not &een pree1pted &' Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.257 2.155:a; are 1et.EXAMPLE: A part' opposin a s#11ar' *#d1ent 1otion 1#st fi$e a separate state1ent that responds to each of the 1ateria$ facts the 1ovin part' contends are #ndisp#ted7 indicatin "hether the opposinpart' arees or disarees. The state1ent 1#st a$so set forth an' other 1ateria$ facts the opposin part' contends are disp#ted and inc$#de references to the s#pportin evidence. /ai$#re to fi$e s#ch a state1ent"o#$d a$$o" the co#rt to den' the 1otion. CC( I)%2c:&;:%;.I12.15-2.Ti1e for /i$in Opposition (apersA$$ papers opposin a 1otion 1#st &e fi$ed "ith the co#rt and a cop' served on each part' at $east 4 co#rt da's &efore the hearin. CC( I155+:&;.NOTE: Other ti1es 1a' &e specified for partic#$ar 1otions> for e6a1p$e7 papers in opposition to 1otions to dis1iss for fai$#re to prosec#te are d#e 1+ da's after service of the 1otion papers. Ca$ R#$esof Ct %.1%)2:&;.A$tho#h CC( I155+ is e6p$icit in re8#irin that papers opposin a 1otion &e fi$ed at $east 4 co#rt da's&efore the hearin7 co#rts have so1e discretion to accept and consider papers fi$ed after that ti1e. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55:d;. C$ear$'7 it is not ood practice to depend on a *#de=s "i$$inness to e6ercisethat discretion7 &eca#se fai$#re to fi$e ti1e$' opposition papers can &e considered a "aiver of opposition and consent to entr' of the order re8#ested &' the 1otion.I12.152%.Servin and /i$in Opposition (apersOpposition papers 1#st &e served &' persona$ de$iver'7 fa67 e6press 1ai$7 or another 1ethod consistent "ith CC( II1515J151% and reasona&$' ca$c#$ated to ens#re de$iver' &' the c$ose of the ne6t siness da' after the papers are fi$ed. CC( I155+:c;. .$ectronic service is e6press$' a#thoriBed &' CC( I151%:;. On e$ectronic service7 see CC( II1515.-7 151%:;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.2+5J2.2+4> II13.2%J13.)5. Section 155+:c; app$ies to the service of opposition and rep$' papers on 1otions for s#11ar' *#d1ent or s#11ar' ad*#dication7 in addition to the 1otions $isted in CC( I155+:a;.NOTE: Cons#$t $oca$ r#$es to $earn "here the opposition papers sho#$d &e fi$ed. In so1e co#nties7 the' 1#st &e fi$ed direct$' in the depart1ent "here the hearin ta?es p$ace7 instead of7 or in addition to7 at the co#rt=s centra$ fi$in "indo". See Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.155:a;7 %.25. See I12.)7 chap 11.On service7 see chap 13. On proof of service7 see II12.32J12.32.I12.153).Movin for Contin#anceIf 1ore ti1e is needed to prepare opposition papers7 co#nse$ 1a' see? a contin#ance of the date of hearin and the date for service and fi$in of opposition papers. It is #s#a$$' &est to first see? aree1entfro1 the 1ovin part'. If that aree1ent is iven7 $oca$ practice sho#$d &e cons#$ted on ho" to acco1p$ish the chane on the co#rt=s ca$endar. See7 e.#., San /rancisco Ct R 3.2:B;. If aree1ent cannot &e reached7 an e6 parte 1otion 1a' &e 1ade to contin#e and resched#$e the hearin date and date for fi$in opposition papers. On e6 parte 1otions7 see chap 1%. On s#11ar' *#d1ent7 see chap %-. I12.154..Chec?$ist@ (roced#re for Respondin to Noticed MotionAttorney for Party Served With Notice of MotionOORead and ana$'Be 1otion papers to deter1ine effect of order on c$ientOOIf 1otion directed to another part'7 and rant or denia$ "o#$d not affect c$ient=s position7 1onitor proress of 1otion to ens#re aainst iss#ance of #ne6pected orderOOIf 1otion #no&*ectiona&$e7 te$$ 1ovin part' 'o# "i$$ not oppose itOOIf co1pro1ise co#$d 1a?e order so#ht #nnecessar'7 neotiate 1odified order or arrane1ent "ith1ovin part'OOCons#$t stat#tes or r#$es a#thoriBin 1otion to deter1ine "hether it "as proper$' 1ade and s#pported :see I12.42;OO/ind o#t date on "hich opposition papers 1#st &e served and fi$ed :see I12.15-;OOIf additiona$ ti1e to respond is neededOOSee? aree1ent of other co#nse$ to resched#$e hearin and d#e date for papers opposin 1otionOOIf no aree1ent7 1a?e e6 parte app$ication for additiona$ ti1e :see I12.153;OO(repare opposition papersOOMe1orand#1 in opposition to 1otion :see II12.))J12.+37 12.155;OODec$arations7 if needed :see II12.+4J12.2+7 12.15%;OO.6hi&its :papers and doc#1ents not 'et on fi$e; :see II12.22J12.357 12.15);OORe8#ests for *#dicia$ notice :see I12.31;OOO&*ections to evidence in 1otion papers :see I12.43;OO(roposed order :see II12.12+J12.122;OO(roof of service of a&ove papers :see II12.32J12.45;OOServe and fi$e opposition papersOOIf 1ovin part' serves rep$' papersOORevie" and7 if there is ti1e7 fi$e "ritten responseOOChec? "ith co#rt for tentative r#$inOONotif' co#rt and other parties if 'o# "i$$ &e contestin the tentative r#$inOOMa?e arrane1ents for co#rt reporter to &e at hearin :see I12.12%;OOAttend hearin :see II12.112J12.122;OO(resent ora$ ar#1entOO(resent evidence7 if per1ittedOOIf r#$in is favora&$eOO(repare order and notice of r#$in7 if necessar' :see II12.12-J12.122;OOServe and fi$e notice of r#$in and sined order :#n$ess done &' co#rt or other"ise #nnecessar'; :see I12.1%5; AII. R.(!FI12.115A.Rep$'in to Opposition (apersOpposition papers are often fi$ed and served on$' 4 co#rt da's &efore the hearin. CC( I155+:&;. See I12.15-. Beca#se rep$' papers 1#st &e served and fi$ed at $east + co#rt da's &efore the hearin7 the' 1#st &e prepared and s#&1itted 8#ic?$'. CC( I155+:&;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55:a;. Note that s#11ar' *#d1ent rep$' papers 1#st &e served + da's &efore the hearin. CC( I)%2c:&;:);. Service of rep$' papers 1#st &e 1ade persona$$' or &' fa67 e6press 1ai$7 or so1e other 1ethod that is reasona&$' ca$c#$ated to ens#re de$iver' to other parties &' the c$ose of the ne6t siness da' after the rep$' is fi$ed. CC( I155+:c;. .$ectronic service is e6press$' a#thoriBed &' CC( I151%:;. On e$ectronic service7 see CC( II1515.-7 151%:;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct 2.2+5J2.2+4> II13.2%J13.)5.Co#nse$ for the 1ovin part' in a 1otion "ho has &een served "ith opposition papers sho#$d i11ediate$' consider "hether it is "orth"hi$e to s#&1it a "ritten rep$'.PRACTICE TIP: If a point or ar#1ent 1ade in the "ritten opposition papers has not &een ade8#ate$' addressed in the initia$ 1otion papers7 co#nse$ sho#$d s#&1it a "ritten rep$' if there is s#fficient ti1e to do so. If there is ti1e7 it is #s#a$$' &etter to rep$' in "ritin than to depend on the opport#nit' for an ora$ rep$' at the hearin.If a#thorit' is cited in a rep$' that "as not cited in ear$ier papers7 the "ritten rep$' "i$$ ive the opposition part' an opport#nit' to address that a#thorit' ora$$' at the hearin7 "hich "i$$ #s#a$$' avoid the daner of the *#de de$a'in a r#$in on the 1otion &' a$$o"in the opposin part' an opport#nit' to revie" the ne" a#thorit' and f#rther respond. /#rther1ore7 havin the rep$' ar#1ent &efore the *#de "hen the papers are read and "hen tentative r#$ins are 1ade "i$$ a$$o" the rep$' ar#1ents to &e 1ore pers#asive. Rep$' papers sho#$d respond to the opposition=s papers and not raise ne" points.I12.111B.Respondin to Rep$' (apersAn' rep$' papers fro1 the 1ovin part' 1#st &e served and fi$ed at $east + co#rt da's &efore the hearin. CC( I155+:&;> Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%55:a;. .ven tho#h the rep$' 1#st &e served &' persona$ de$iver'7 fa67 e6press 1ai$7 or other 1ethod consistent "ith CC( II1515J151% and reasona&$' ca$c#$ated to ens#re de$iver' &' the c$ose of the ne6t siness da' after the papers are fi$ed :CC( I155+:&;> see I12.115;7 there is #s#a$$' $itt$e ti1e for an' detai$ed response to ne" 1ateria$s presented in the 1ovin part'=s rep$' papers. Nonethe$ess7 if so1e ne" point or ne" evidence necessitates a response7 at $east t"o possi&$e options are avai$a&$e@ (resent the response as part of the ora$ ar#1ent at the hearin on the 1otion. The *#de hearin the 1otion "o#$d not7 of co#rse7 have the &enefit of the response "hen readin the 1otion papers &efore the hearin. /#rther7 it 1a' &e i1possi&$e to present evidence ora$$' at thehearin. (erhaps the attorne' co#$d 1a?e an offer of proof7 areein to provide s#pp$e1enta$ dec$arations or evidence after the hearin. (repare7 serve7 and fi$e responsive papers 8#ic?$'. If there is ti1e to do so &efore a *#de reads the 1otion papers7 s#&1ittin a "ritten response 1a' &e 1ore effective than "aitin for ora$ ar#1ent. An' s#ch "ritten papers sho#$d &e as &rief and to the point as possi&$e7 avoidin repetition of points or ar#1ents a$read' 1ade and foc#sin on$' on the ne" ar#1ent or piece of evidence raised in the rep$' papers. Co#nse$ sho#$d &e read' to 1a?e the sa1e points ora$$' at the hearin if the papers are ref#sed for fi$in or if the' do not reach the *#de in ti1e to &e read and considered. /i$in of an' s#ch papers sho#$d &e direct$' "ith the co#rt in "hich the hearin is to ta?e p$ace7 if possi&$e7 and service on the opposin part' sho#$d &e 1ade &' hand de$iver'. NOTE: /or 1otions see?in dis1issa$ for fai$#re to prosec#te7 different ti1e periods are prescri&ed. The opport#nit' to respond to the 1ovin part'=s rep$' papers is esta&$ished &' the Ca$ifornia R#$es of Co#rt7 and those responsive papers are d#e + da's after the 1ovin part'=s rep$' papers "ere fi$ed. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%)2:d;. /or disc#ssion of 1otions to dis1iss7 see chap %4. IA. SU((ORTING DOCUM.NTS A. Me1orand#1 in S#pport of MotionI12.))1.,hen S#pportin Me1orand#1 Re8#iredA$$ 1otions and de1#rrers 1#st &e s#pported &' a 1e1orand#1 that co1p$ies "ith Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1112:a;7 %.111%. A de1#rrer or "ritten notice of 1otion #nder CC( I155+7 e6cept for a 1otion $isted in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111)7 1#st &e acco1panied &' s#pportin 1e1orand#1. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;. On 1otions not re8#irin a s#pportin 1e1orand#17 see I12.)+. The a&sence of the 1e1orand#1 1a' &e constr#ed &' the co#rt as an ad1ission that the 1otion or specia$ de1#rrer is not 1eritorio#s and ca#se for its denia$ and7 in the case of a de1#rrer7 as a "aiver of a$$ ro#nds not s#pported. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.111%:a;.PRACTICE TIP: The s#pportin 1e1orand#1 is #sed to convince the *#de "ho hears the 1otion that the $a" and facts s#pport iss#ance of the order so#ht. (ers#asion is the o&*ect of the 1e1orand#1. .ven tho#h co#nse$ 1a' have a chance to present ar#1ent and cite a#thorities at the hearin on the 1otion :see II12.42J12.122;7 so1e co#rts iss#e a tentative r#$in &ased on the 1otion and response papers a$one :see II12.12)J12.1%5;7 and in other co#rts the *#de "i$$ co1e to the hearin "ith a r#$in a$read' in 1ind. The "ritten 1e1orand#1 sho#$d &e the &est ar#1ent for the 1otion that can &e 1ade> on$' in rare and #n#s#a$ sit#ations sho#$d a pers#asive ar#1ent or point &e he$d &ac? for $ater #se. AIII. 9.ARINGI12.112A.Attendance(arties have the riht7 on ivin notice of nonappearance7 to s#&1it a 1atter "itho#t appearin at the hearin. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5):c;. If no part' appears :and no notice of nonappearance "as iven;7 theco#rt 1a' ta?e the 1atter off ca$endar to &e reset on$' on 1otion7 or 1a' r#$e on the 1atter. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5):d;. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%25:f; on de1#rrers.NOTE: .ven &efore Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5):c;7 no stat#te re8#ired the attorne' for the 1ovin part'7 or for an adverse part'7 to attend the hearin on a 1otion. See 4ns+er, Ale8ander 6 'arsoom, Inc. v 4ns+er:14-); 22+ CA2d %137 %2+. The 1otion is dee1ed to have &een 1ade "hen the notice of 1otion "as served and fi$ed. CC( I155+.+. The parties are not nor1a$$' re8#ired to &e present at 1otion hearins7 and their presence 1a' even &e a distraction.If a 1atter "i$$ not &e heard on a sched#$ed date7 the 1ovin part' 1#st pro1pt$' notif' the co#rt. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%5):&;.PRACTICE TIP: An attorne' "ho does not "ish to attend a hearin sho#$d contact adverse co#nse$ to see "hether a$$ "i$$ aree to s#&1ission of the 1otion on the papers fi$ed. The attorne' sho#$d a$so notif' the c$er? that the 1otion is s#&1itted for decision "itho#t attendance of co#nse$. This 1ethod per1its the co#rt to 1ove 1ore 8#ic?$' thro#h the ca$endar and ens#res that the *#de "i$$ not p#t the 1atter offEca$endar or interpret nonattendance as $ac? of interest in a r#$in.There are severa$ reasons for attorne's to attend a hearin. The *#de 1a' as? for c$arification of so1e point raised in the 1otion or opposition papers. In addition7 if the attorne's co#$d not infor1a$$' so$ve the disp#te a&o#t "hich the 1otion "as 1ade7 and it "as "orth co#nse$=s ti1e and effort to prepare the1otion or opposition papers7 it sho#$d a$so &e "orth the ti1e to attend the hearin. See II12.114J12.121.NOTE: A co#rt=s $a" and 1otion ca$endar for a iven da' nor1a$$' $ists severa$ cases that "i$$ &e ca$$ed in the $isted order &einnin at a specified ho#r. The attorne's on the first case sho#$d &e read' to present ar#1ent at that ti1e. Attorne's on s#&se8#ent cases sho#$d a$so &e present and read' &eca#se ear$' cases 1a' &e ta?en off the ca$endar or s#&1itted "itho#t ar#1ent. I12.112AB.Tentative R#$insMost co#rts offer a tentative r#$in proced#re that a$$o"s the co#rt7 &efore the hearin7 to infor1 the parties of a tentative decision &ased on its revie" of the s#&1itted papers. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%53. See7 e..7 Riverside Ct R %%1-> San /rancisco Ct R 3.%.A co#rt that fo$$o"s a tentative r#$in proced#re 1#st state that in its $oca$ r#$es and 1#st specif' :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.1%53:c;;@ The te$ephone n#1&er or "e&site for o&tainin the tentative r#$ins> and The ti1e &' "hich the r#$ins "i$$ &e avai$a&$e. ,hen the tentative r#$in is aainst a part'7 that part' 1a' contest the tentative r#$in &' re8#estin a hearin. The $oca$ or depart1enta$ r#$es 1a' specif' proced#res &' "hich co#nse$ 1#st contest the r#$in7 e..7 thro#h the co#rt=s "e&site or &' $eavin a voice1ai$ 1essae "ith the depart1ent in "hich the hearin "i$$ ta?e p$ace after notice to a$$ parties.Genera$$'7 a part' sho#$d contest the tentative r#$in if@ Ora$ ar#1ent 1a' chane the co#rt=s decision> The record needs to &e c$arified> or The ro#nds for the co#rt=s decision are #nc$ear fro1 its tentative r#$in. /ai$#re to contest a tentative r#$in "i$$ ca#se it to &eco1e the co#rt=s order. See7 e.#., San /rancisco CtR 3.%:.; :if no part' appears7 Cthe tentative r#$in "i$$ &e adoptedD;. C. Te$ephone AppearancesI12.11%1.,hen Te$ephone Appearance Is AppropriateA$$ parties7 inc$#din 1ovin parties7 have the option of appearin &' te$ephone at a$$ conferences7 hearins7 and proceedins7 s#&*ect to these e6ceptions :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:c;;@ (roceedins "here persona$ appearance is re8#ired #nder Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:e;:see I12.11+;> The co#rt 1a' e6ercise its discretion to 1odif' the r#$e and re8#ire a part' to persona$$' appear7if it finds that a persona$ appearance "o#$d 1ateria$$' assist in deter1inin the proceedins or effective$' 1anain or reso$vin the case :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:f;:2;;> Specia$ r#$es app$' to te$ephone appearances in e6 parte proceedins :Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:d;; :see I12.11+A;> and The part' 1#st co1p$' "ith the notice provisions in Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:h; :see II12.11-J12.11-A;. The option to appear &' te$ephone app$ies to civi$ actions as defined in Ca$ R#$es of Ct 1.-:); and to #n$a"f#$ detainer and pro&ate proceedins. Ca$ R#$es of Ct %.-25:&;.!oca$ r#$es 1a' a$so provide proced#res for an appearance &' te$ephone. See Ca$ R#$es of Ct7 Stan