Doc 3000 N (2000) What's New in the Wiring Rules

Doc 3000 N (2000)

What’s new in the Wiring Rules

Doc 3000 N

(2000)

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W h a t ’ s n e w i n t h e W i r i n g R u l e s

I N T R O D U C T I O N

The purpose of this document is to indicate the changes of major importance which havebeen made in the new edition of the Wiring Rules (AS/NZS 3000:2000) as comparedwith the 10th edition (AS 3000 1991). Also an indication is given of those clauses andparts of clauses of the 1991 edition that were omitted as a result of providing aperformance based joint Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules which is as far aspossible aligned with accepted international practice and contains a minimum ofprescriptive ‘how to do it’ work practices.

Where possible the technical sense of any changes has been indicated, but where thiswould involve much detail, the change has been identified and the reader encouraged tocompare the old and the new versions. In fact to fully understand the variations betweenthe two documents it is essential to carry out a thorough review of both documents.

In this document the basis of reference is the clause number of the new edition with the1991 edition clause number appearing in brackets. For the purpose of this document theterms ‘former’ and ‘former clause’ are used to refer to requirements of the 1991 editionand ‘clause’ or ‘new clause’ are used to refer to the 2000 edition. As further assistance inunderstanding the changes, a summary of clauses not used from the 1991 edition arelisted in a separate section.

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G E N E R A L C O M M E N T

Generally, Sections 1 to 5 (inclusive) of the new joint Wiring Rules cover topics similar tothe requirements contained in Sections 1 to 5 of AS 3000 1991. However there is nodirect relationship between the clause numbers of the new and former sections.

The arrangement of the new joint Wiring Rules is as follows:

TITLE

Simplified to Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules).

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES

Generally covers in more detail the fundamental requirements that were included in theformer Sections 0 and 1 (including definitions).

NOTE: The requirements of this new Standard apply to electrical installations that may affectlivestock.

SECTION 2 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF SWITCHGEAR ANDCONTROLGEAR

Contains requirements relating to protective devices, switchgear and controlgearassociated with an electrical installation, which were included in the former Section 2.Former requirements related to the selection, installation and mechanical protection ofcables and conductors have been relocated in Section 3. Other requirements related toemergency systems (formerly Essential equipment) have been relocated in Clause 7.10of Section 7.

SECTION 3 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS

Covers those items relating to wiring systems that were included in Sections 2 and 3 ofAS 3000 1991. Protection requirements for wiring systems expanded.

SECTION 4 INSTALLATION OF APPLIANCES AND ACCESSORIES

Generally covers the requirements associated with the installation of electrical equipmentpreviously covered by Section 4 of AS 3000 1991.

SECTION 5 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS AND EARTHING CONDUCTORS

Contains requirements relating to earthing generally which were included in Section 5 ofAS 3000 1991. Explanatory figures added.

SECTION 6 TESTING AND VERIFICATION

This is a new Section providing extensive guidance information on visual inspections aswell as expanding initial testing requirements (both mandatory and optional) from thenew Section 1.

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SECTION 7 REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS ORLOCATIONS

Generally contains the requirements for special locations which were included in formerSections 6, 7, 8 and 9, and for wiring of emergency systems (previously known asEssential equipment) in Section 2 of AS 3000 1991.

APPENDICES

Contains former Appendix A, Standards applicable to materials and equipment (in part),Appendix D, Aerial lines data, and Appendix G, Examples of applications of variousprovisions of this Standard (in part).

The new Appendix B contains information that identifies steps required to determineconductor size and appropriate protective devices with a special emphasis on fault-loopimpedance.

The new Appendix C contains guidance on the calculation of maximum demandincluding examples.

The new Appendix D (former Appendix D) contains guidance information on the sizing ofpoles and posts for supporting aerial conductors.

INDEX

An index is provided.

RESUSCITATION CHART

The existing resuscitation guidance is retained.

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S P E C I F I C C O M M E N T S

S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D F U N D A M E N T A L S A F E T YP R I N C I P L E S

1.1 (0.1.1) Scope

Former Clause expanded to embrace requirements in respect to design, constructionand testing, and for the protection of persons, livestock and property, from electric shock,fire and physical injury hazards.

1.2 (0.1.2) App lication

Former Clause expanded to qualify the areas of application of the Standard and it’spurpose in legislative requirements.

1.3 (A3) Referenced doc uments

Refers to the new Appendix A for a list of documents referred to in the Standard.

1.4 (0.5) Definitions

Many former definitions have been retained without change. These definitions, eventhough they have a different number within Clause 1.4, are not specifically identified.

1.4.10 (0.5.11) Appliance, stationary

Former definition expanded to include a reference to stationary appliances being greaterthan 18 Kg in mass in accordance with equipment standards.

1.4.11 (9.0.1) Area, hazardous

Former definition from Section 9 moved to Section 1.

1.4.12 (New) Arm’ s reach

New definition following international practice to explain this concept.

1.4.13 (0.5.14) Authority, Regulatory (was Authority, Inspecting)

New definition to clarify responsibility.

1.4.16 (New) Barrier

New definition following international practice.

1.4.19 (0. 5.21) Cable core

Reference to dielectric removed.

1.4.23 (0.5. 25) Cable, sheathed

Former definition amended.

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1.4.25 (New) Class I equipment

New definition following equipment standards.

1.4.26 (New) Class II equipment


1.4.27 (New) Class III equipment


1.4.30 (0.5.29) Consumers mains


1.4.31 (New) Contact, direct

New definition with explanatory figure added.

1.4.32 (New) Contact, indirect

New definition with explanatory figure added.

1.4.34 (New) Current, fault

New definition.

1.4.40 (0.5.41) Earthed

Former definition revised.

1.4.41 (0.5.42) Earthed situation

Former definition revised to embrace arm’s reach.

1.4.42 (0.5.47) Electrical equipment

New definition to more clearly define meaning.

1.4.43 (0.5.54) Electrical installation

New definition to more clearly define meaning.

1.4.44 (0.5.55) Electrical installation, domestic


1.4.45 (0.5.56) Electrical installation, multiple


1.4.46 (0.5.15) Electricity distributor (was Supply authority)

New definition to explain responsibility.

1.4.47 (New) Emergency system (was Essential equipment)

New definition to clarify meaning.

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1.4.48 (0.5.46) Enclosure


1.4.49 (New) Equipotential bonding

New definition to clarify meaning.

1.4.50 (0.5.48) Exposed conductive part (was Exposed metal)

New definition following international practice.

1.4.51 (New) Extraneous conductive part

New definition to follow international practice.

1.4.53 (New) Fault-loop impedance

New definition.

1.4.54 (New) Functional earthing

New definition.

1.4.57 (0.5.58) Insulation system

Former definition expanded to explain system.

1.4.58 (New) IP Classification

New definition, with explanatory notes, in accordance with equipment standards.

1.4.59 (0.5.61) Live part


1.4.61 (0.5.43) Main earthing conductor

Former definition amended to define main earthing conductor.

1.4.64 (New) Obstacle


1.4.66 (New) PELV (Protected extra-low voltage)


1.4.68 (0.5.70) Point (in wiring)


1.4.71 (0.5.30) Point of supply (was C onsumers terminals)

Former definition of consumers terminals amended.

1.4.72 (0.5.43) Protective earthing conductor

Former definition amended to define protective earthing conductor.

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1.4.73 (0.5.74) Residual current device (RCD)

Classification of RCD’s deleted from definition.

1.4.74 (New) Ripple-free d.c.

New definition outlining tolerances.

1.4.75 (New) SELV (Separated extra-low voltage)


1.4.76 (0.5.76) Service protective device

Definition heading amended.

1.4.78 (0. 5.80) Socket-outlet

Reference to general purpose outlet (GPO) deleted from former definition.

NOTE: GPO is no longer a defined term.

1.4.79 (0.5.81) Source of supply


1.4.82 (8.01) Substation

Former definition from Section 8 amended and moved to Section 1.

1.4.83 (0.5.84) Switchboard.

Former definition amended to remove reference to a control panel.

1.4.86 (New) Touch current

New definition.

1.4.87 (New) Touch voltage

New definition.

1.4.88 (0.5.93) Track system

Former definition amended to confirm busbar trunking systems (busways) are notregarded as track systems.

1.4.90 (0.5.95) Voltage

Former definition amended to reflect increased level of extra-low voltage.

1.4.91 (0.5.96) Wiring, catenary


1.4.94 (0.5.100) Wiring underground


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1.5 (APPENDIX H) ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS

The relevant parts of the former Appendix H have been included in this Clause. Otherparts of Appendix H, where required, are covered in appropriate Sections.

1.6 (0.3 and 0.4) ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS

The requirements of former Clauses 0.3 and 0.4 have been rationalized to allow the useof new materials and methods and allow dispensation for installations in areas such asresearch, testing, educational laboratories and the like.

1.7 (1.1) PROTECTION FOR SAFETY

Generally the requirements of the former Clause 1.1 are included in this Clause togetherwith the following additional information contained in the parts of Clause 1.7 below.

1.7.1 (1.1.1) General

‘Direct contact’ and ‘Indirect contact’ are introduced as sources of ‘Shock current’.

1.7.2 (New) Protection against both direct and indirect contact by use of extra-lowvoltage.

Protection against both ‘Direct contact’ and ‘Indirect contact’ by the use of extra-lowvoltage has been added.

1.7.3 (1.1.2) Protection against direct contact

The requirements for providing methods of protection against direct contact have beenadded. The methods of protection described are as follows:

(a) The use of insulation.

(b) The use of barriers or enclosures.

(c) The use of obstacles.

(d) Placing out of reach.

1.7.4 (1.1.3) Protection against indirect contact

The requirements for providing methods of protection against indirect contact have beenadded. Where protection is provided by automatic disconnection of supply the followingneed to be considered:

(a) Limitation of touch voltage to 50 V, a.c or 120 V ripple free d.c.

(b) The earthing system impedance (earth fault-loop impedance). An equation showinghow to satisfy the fault-loop impedance requirements has been added.

(c) Disconnection times. Supplementary equipotential bonding may be used to reducethe fault-loop impedance. RCD’s are recognized as a means of providing automaticdisconnection of supply for protection against indirect current within specifieddisconnection times.

NOTE: RCD’s are not recognized as a sole means of protection against direct contact.

1.7.5 (New) Protection by use of residual current devices (RCD’s)

Concept explained where RCD’s are not recognized as the sole means of providingprotection against direct contact but may be used to protect against indirect contact.

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Reference is made to requirements for RCD protection within the electrical installation inother parts of the Standard.

1.7.6 (1.1.4) Protection against thermal effects in normal service

Former Clause amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock.

1.7.7 (New) Protection against unwanted voltages

New Clause requiring consideration of induced voltage in unused conductors.

1.7.8 (1.1.5) Protection against overcurrent

Former Clause amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock.

1.7.9 (1.1.6) Protection against fault currents

Former Clause modified.

1.7.10 (1.1.7) Protection against overvoltage

Former Clause modified and amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock.

1 7.11 (1.2.1) Protection against injury from mechanical movement

New Clause, embracing part of former Clause, reflecting international practice.

1.7.12 (New) Devices for isolation

New Clause reflecting international practice indicating why isolation devices are requiredand in which conductors they shall operate.

1.7.13 (1.2.4.3) Fire integrity

Former Clause amended and reference made to the requirements contained in BuildingCodes.

1.8 (1.2) Design of an electrical installation

Former Clause rewritten to clarify the requirements for the design of an electricalinstallation.

1.8.1 (New) General

New Clause sets out the factors to be considered.

1.8.2 (New) Supply characteristics

New Clause provides a guide to the characteristics of the electricity supply to bedetermined.

1.8.3 (2.5 to 2.8 incl.) Maximum demand

Generally the requirements of the former Clauses are included in this Clause as afundamental requirement. However it should be noted that the calculation of themaximum demand is no longer a mandatory requirement and an informative guide,including some examples of calculations of maximum demand, is provided inAppendix C.

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1.8.4 (2.2.3.1) Voltage drop

Former Clause amended and included in Section 1 as a fundamental requirement.

NOTE: Further information on voltage drop is contained in new Clause 3.6.

1.8.5 (2.11 and 2.12) Installation circuit arrangement

This is a new Clause reflecting international practice which places no limitation on thenumber or composition of points on a circuit, but requires the electrical installation to bedivided into circuits for the reasons outlined in the Clause.

1.8.6 (1.2.1) External influences

Former Clause amended to include reference to environmental and external influences.

1.9 (1.3) Selection of electrical equipment

Former Clause has been amended to identify factors to be considered when selectingelectrical equipment. Explanatory notes added explaining that electrical equipment mayneed to comply with referenced standards, carry the Regulatory compliance mark (RCM)or satisfy appropriate essential safety requirements.

1.10 (1.4) Installation of electrical equipment

Former Clause has been amended to identify factors to be considered when installingelectrical equipment. Reference made to safe and sound practice, accessibility, the needfor information and identification and segregation of circuits.

1.11 (1.5.1) Inspection and testing

Former Clause has been amended and expanded to include inspection as well asadditional mandatory testing for polarity and correct connections.

1.11.2.2 (1.5.3) Continuity of earthing system

The allowance that the resistance of the circuit earthing arrangement may be 2 Ω hasbeen deleted. The maximum resistance of the main earthing conductor has beenreduced from 2 Ω to 0.5 Ω. Detailed information on earthing requirements is contained inSection 5.

1.11.2.3 (1.5.2.1) Insulation resistance

Former Clause retained.

1.11.2.4 (new) Polarity

Outlines requirements for testing for correct polarity.

1.11.2.5 (new) Correct circuit connections

Outlines requirements for testing for correct circuit connections.

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S E C T I O N 2 S E L E C T I O N A N D I N S T A L L A T I O N O FS W I T C H G E A R A N D C O N T R O L G E A R

2.1 (New) GENERAL

This is a new Clause to outline the requirements of this Section.

2. 2 (New) COMMON REQUIREMENTS

Outlines requirements to be considered when selecting protective devices, switchgearand controlgear. This Clause consolidates all the requirements common to switchgearand controlgear.

2. 3 (2.4.2.2) DEVICES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST INDIRECT CONTACT

This Clause provides guidance on the types of devices deemed to provide automaticdisconnection of supply to protect against indirect contact if a fault occurs.

2.4 DEVICES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST OVERCURRENT

2.4.1 (2.4, 2.14.3 and 2. 17) General

This Clause expands the requirements contained in the former Clauses 2.4, 2.14.3 and2.17 and adopts accepted international practices for protection against overcurrent thatincludes overload and short-circuit currents.

2.4.2 (2.4.2.2) Devices for protection against both overload and short-circuitcurrents

Generally contains similar information to that contained in former Clause.

2.4.3 Protection against overload current

2.4.3.1 (Part of 2.4.2.1) General

Specifies that protective devices shall be provided to interrupt overload currents.

2.4.3.2 (New) Coordination between conductors and protective devices

Sets out two conditions to be complied with to ensure coordination between conductorsand protective devices to avoid damage to conductors. Two new equations andassociated notes are provided to assist understanding of the coordination concepts.

2.4.3.3 (2.14.3) Alternative position of overload protective device

Sets out situations where overload protective devices may be placed in positionsalternative to the origin of the circuit.

2.4.3.4 (New) Omission of overload protective devices

New Clause 2.4.3.4 sets out situations where overload protective devices may beomitted.

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2.4.4 (New) Protection against short-circuit current

2.4.4.1 (Part of 2.4.2.1) General

Specifies that protective devices shall be provided to interrupt short-circuit current.

2.4.4.2 (New) Determination of prospective short-circuit current

Specifies that the short-circuit current must be determined.

2.4.4.3 (Part of 2.4.2.4) Characteristics of short-circuit protective devices

Outlines the characteristics of short-circuit protective devices and contains an equation tocalculate the approximate time in which a short-circuit current will raise the temperatureof a conductor to the allowable maximum.

2.4.4.4 (New) Alternative position of short-circuit protective device

Sets out situations where short-circuit protective devices may be placed in positionsalternative to the origin of the circuit.

2.4.4.5 (New) Omission of devices for short-circuit protection

Sets out situations where short-circuit protective devices may be omitted.

2.4.5 Coordination of overload and short-circuit protective devices

2.4.5.1 (Part of 2.4.2.2) Protection afforded by one device

Outlines where one device providing the appropriate protection may be used.

2.4.5.2 (2.4.2.3 and 2.4.2.4) Protection afforded by separate devices

Outlines that the characteristics of overload and short-circuit protective devices shall becoordinated.

2.4.6 (2.19.4.4) Discrimination of circuit protective devices for emergencysystems

Specifies when discrimination between different protective devices is required.

2. 5 PROTECTION AGAINST EARTH-LEAKAGE CURRENT

2.5.1 General and 2.5.2 Selection of devices (2.4.2.5, 2.4.3.1 and 4.14.9)

New Clauses 2.5.1 and 2.5.2 contain requirements from former Clauses 2.4.2.5 and2.4.3.1.

2.5.3 (4.14.9 and H2.6) Where required

Requirements for RCD protection of parts of an electrical installation have beenextended.

2.6 (New) PROTECTION AGAINST OVERVOLTAGE

Sets out accepted international practices to follow when protection against overvoltage isprovided.

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2.7 (New) PROTECTION AGAINST UNDERVOLTAGE

Specifies protection against undervoltage is required and sets out accepted internationalpractices to follow.

2. 8 (New) DEVICES FOR ISOLATION AND SWITCHING

This Clause sets out requirements for the provision of switching devices for isolation,emergency, mechanical maintenance and functional (control) purposes and includessome requirements from the former Wiring Rules.

2.8.1 (New) General

Specifies that isolation and switching devices are required and classifies devicesaccording to function.

2.8.2 (New) Common requirements

2.8.2.1 (New) General

Indicates that electrical installations shall contain isolation devices as necessary.

2.8.2.2 (2.20.2) Switches in neutral c onductors.

Former Clause amended to clarify requirements for where switches in neutral conductorsmay be used.

2.8.2.3 (New) Switches in earthing conductors prohibited

New Clause to clearly indicate requirements.

2.8.3 (New) Devices for isolation


Clarifies the need for circuits to be isolated.

2.8.3.2 (New) Features

Outlines the features applicable to isolation devices.

2.8.3.3 (2.16.1) Main switches

Former Clause amended with regard to number, access to, identification and remotecontrol of main switches.

2.8.3.4 (2.16.2.) Additional switches

2.8.3.4.1 (2.16.2.1) Electrical installation in a separate building

Former Clause amended to clarify requirements.

2.8.3.4.2 (2.16.2.3) Submains and final subcircuits greater than 100 A

Former Clause included.

2.8.3.4.3 (2.16.2.4) Alternative supply


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2.8.3.4.4 (New) Identification

Clarifies the identification requirements for isolation and switching devices.

2.8.3.5 (Part of 4.15.3) Motor supply circuits

Simplifies the isolation requirements for motors.

2.8.4 (4.15) Devices for switching off for mechanical maintenance.

2.8.4.1 (4.15.2) General

Specifies requirement for switching off electrically activated equipment for mechanicalmaintenance.

2.8.4.2 (4.15.3.1 to 4.15.3.3) Features

Outlines the requirements for the devices to be provided for switching-off for mechanicalmaintenance.

2.8.4.3 (4.15.3.4) Installation

Sets out requirements for the arrangement and location of the devices provided forswitching-off for mechanical maintenance.

2.8.4.4 (4.15.3.5) Identification

Clarifies the identification requirements for devices provided for switching off formechanical maintenance.

2.8.5 (New) Devices for emergency switching including emergency stopping.


Specifies requirement for providing emergency switching where necessary to preventdanger and provides examples of possible situations.


Outlines the requirements for the devices to be provided for emergency switching orstopping.

2.8.5.3 (New) Installation

Sets out arrangement and location of the devices provided for emergency switching orstopping.

2.8.5.4 (New) Identification

Clarifies the requirement to identifying the means of operating emergency switching orstopping devices.

2.8.6 (New) Devices for functional (control) switching.


Specifies requirements for providing functional (control) switches.

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Outlines the requirements for functional (control) switches and allowances to beconsidered for certain applications.

2.9 (2.21 – 2.24) SWITCHBOARDS

The requirements for switchboards have been significantly reduced, especially withregard to construction and arrangement of equipment.

2.9.1 (New) Requirements

Specifies the requirements for providing a switchboard in an electrical installation.

2.9.2 (2.22, 2.23, APPENDIX J) Construction

Outlines basic arrangements to ensure that any switchboard meets the requirements ofClause 1.9. Following the philosophy that the majority of switchboards are no longer one-off built on site, some prescriptive requirements in the former Clauses 2.22 and 2.23have been deleted.

NOTE: Clause 2.9.1 acknowledges that switchboards complying with the requirements ofAS 3439 series meet the requirements of this Clause.

2.9.3 (Part of 2.23) Bars and Links

Former Clause 2.23.4.5 has been amended and expanded to include earth bars and newrequirements relating to the design of fixing arrangements where conductors areterminated in tunnel type terminals.

2.9.4 (Part of 2.23) Identification

Former Clause 2.23.5 amended to require identification of the location of the MENconnection if made at a location other than the main switchboard.

2.9.5 (Part of 2.23) Wiring

Former Clause 2.23.7 amended and rationalised to indicate requirements.

2.9.6 (Part of 2.23) Access to live parts

Former Clause 2.23.2 amended and rationalised to indicate requirements.

2.9.7 (Part of 2.22) Fire protective measures

Former Clause 2.22.1.3 amended and a note added highlighting risks associated withwiring enclosures entering the tops or sides of switchboards with respect to thecontribution to the spread of fire if close fitting entries are not used.

2.9.8 (Part of 2.21) Location of switchboards

Former Clause 2.21.1 amended and rationalised to provide guidance on locations ofswitchboards.

2.9.9 (Part of 2.21) Accessibility

Former Clause 2.21.2 amended to provide guidance on minimum requirements foraccess to switchboards.

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2.9.10 (Part of 2.21) Emergency exit facilities

Former Clause 2.21.2 amended and rationalised to provide guidance on provision of exitfacilities for switchboard areas under emergency conditions.

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S E C T I O N 3 S E L E C T I O N A N D I N S T A L L A T I O N O F W I R I N GS Y S T E M S

3.1 (New) GENERAL

This is a new Clause that outlines generally the requirements applying to the selectionand installation of low voltage wiring systems.

3.2 (New) TYPES OF WIRING SYSTEMS

This is a new Clause that refers to new Tables 3.1 and 3.2 and contains acceptabletypes and methods of installation of wiring systems.

TABLE 3.1 (New) ACCEPTABLE TYPES OF CABLE WIRING SYSTEMS

This Table reflects acceptable international practice in presentation of this information.

NOTE: Other types of wiring systems may be used, see Clause 3.2.1.

TABLE 3.2 (New) EXAMPLES OF METHODS OF INSTALLATION OF WIRINGSYSTEMS

This Table reflects international practice for providing these examples.

NOTE: The examples do not depict actual product or installation practices.

3.3 (New) EXTERNAL INFLUENCES

Although new, this Clause includes provisions for 12 different external influences whichwere in various sections of AS 3000 1991, e.g. 1.2, 1.3.2, 1.4.7.4, 3.26.5, 3.28.3 andB4 etc., and requires protection of the wiring systems by construction or supplementarymeasures.

3.4 (2.2.2) CURRENT-CARRYING CAPACITY

3.4.1 (2.2.2.1) General

Requirements are still the same in that the AS/NZS 3008.1 series serves as the basis fordetermining current-carrying capacity under certain conditions. Reference to maximumdemand in determining current-carrying capacity and use of Appendix B (which has beendeleted) no longer occur.

3.4.2 (2.2.4) Operating temperature limits

Clause 3.4.2 and Table 3.3, apply to the operation of and installation of cables.Polymeric cables with normal use temperatures below 75°C are considered as notsuitable for Australian or New Zealand conditions.

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Table 3.3 (Table 2.1) LIMITING TEMPERATURES FOR INSULATED CABLE

Former Table amended.

3.4.3 (2.2.5) Conductors in parallel

Reference to paralleling metric and imperial cables (Appendix H) removed.

3.5 CONDUCTOR SIZE

3.5.1 (3.3 and 3.4) General

Table 3.4, ‘Nominal minimum cross-sectional area of conductors’, following internationalpractice plus an additional note with regard to the use of smaller conductors, included.

3.5.2 (2.2.2.3) Neutral conductor

3.5.2 (b) (ii) (2.2.2.3 (b) (ii)) Harmonic currents

Recognition of harmonic currents extended beyond simply discharge lighting circuits.

3.5.2 (c) (2.2.2.3 (c)) Separate MEN installation

Earthing conductor size required to be considered in determining the size of the neutralconductor.

3.5.3 (New) Earthing conductor size

New Clause added referring to Section 5.

3.6 (2.2.3.1) VOLTAGE DROP

3.6.1 (New) General

New Clause, outlining general voltage requirements.

3.6.2 (2.2.3.1) Value

Reference to the voltage drop dispensation in domestic electrical installations has beenremoved.

3.6.3 (2.2.3.2) Conductors in parallel

No change.

3.7 (3.8 to 3.11) ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Requirements relating to jointing, terminating and connecting cables are contained withinthis Clause.

3.8 (3.2) IDENTIFICATION

Identifying colours of cable cores are set out in Table 3.5 and other special requirementsfor identification are included.

3.9 (New) INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

This new Clause brings together the requirements to be considered in the electricalinstallation, and where necessary, the provision of mechanical or RCD protection ofwiring systems and also contains many of the requirements previously included inAS 3000 1991 as indicated in the following references to Clause 3.9.

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3.9.1 (1.4.1) General

Reinforces the requirements that work must be in accordance with the principles of safeand sound practice.

3.9.2 (New) Methods of installation

Emphasizes protection against external influences.

3.9.4 (New) Protection against mechanical damage

This Clause includes requirements from AS 3000 1991, but includes more stringentmeasures to be adopted to protect wiring systems from mechanical damage particularlywhere run on or in floors, walls or ceilings, or below roofs and sets out three methods ofproviding the required protection.

Figure 3.1 (New) EXAMPLE OF PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRINGSYSTEMS

This Figure expands the requirements that were in the former Clause 3.20.2.1 (b) (ii) andapplies to wiring systems in walls generally.

3.9.5 (3.20.3.2) Wiring systems likely to be disturbed

Former Clause amended and applied to all wiring systems.

3.9.6 (3.20.3.3 (b)) Wiring systems installed vertically


3.9.7 (3.20.3.5) Change of direction


3.9.8 (New) Summary of requirements

This new Clause sets out additional installation requirements for different wiring systems.

3.9.8.1 (2.13.2.2) Insulated cables (without sheath)

Former Clause amended.

3.9.8.2 (3.20.2) Sheathed cables (armoured and unarmoured)).


3.9.8.3 (3.21.2.2 and 3.21.2.4 to 3.21.2.6) Mineral insulated metal sheathed (MIMS)cable

Former Clauses amended.

3.9.8.4 (3.24.4) Flexible cords used as fixed firing


3.9.8.5 (3.34.2.1, 3.34.2.2 and 3.34.3) Low voltage track systems

Former Clauses included.

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3.9.8.6 (3.36.2.1 and 3.36.2.2) Under carpet wiring systems

Former Clauses included.

3.9.9 (New) Prevention of mutual detrimental effects between services

This new Clause sets out requirements, which complies with accepted internationalpractices, for the separation of different electrical installations and the separation ofelectrical and non-electrical services to prevent mutual detrimental effects .

3.9.10 (1.2.4.3) Selection and installation to minimize the spread of fire

Former Clause amended and expanded.

3.9.11 (3.6) Limitation of circulating and eddy currents

Former Clause amended and expanded.

3.10 ENCLOSURE OF CABLES

3.10.1 (3.13.1) General

Former Clause used.

3.10.2 (3.25) Wiring enclosures

Former Clause used.

3.10.3 Installation of wiring enclosures

3.10.3.1 to 3.10.3.4 (New)

New Clauses for installation requirements.

3.10.3.5 (1.4.7.2) Passage of conductors

Former Clause used.

3.10.3.6 (3.26.4.7 and 3.27.5) Terminations


3.10.3.7 (3.28.4.6) In direct sunlight


3.10.3.8 (3.28.4.4) Provision for expansion


3.10.3.9 (3.31) Cable trunking


3.11 UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEMS

3.11.1 (3.16.1) General


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3.11.2 (New) Arrangements

This new Clause summarizes the types of wiring systems used as underground wiringsystems. A note is provided indicating those wiring systems that are not considered asunderground wiring systems.

3.11.3 Installation requirements

3.11.3. 2 (New) Unenclosed cables

This new Clause requires 50 mm of sand or friable soil free of sharp stone below andabove any unenclosed cables.

3.11.3.3 (3.16.4.2) Additional mechanical protection for category B systems


3.11.3.4 (3.16.2) Identification of underground wiring


3.11.4 (3.16.5) Spacing from other underground services

Former Clause used.

3.11.5 (3.16.6) Consumers mains


Table 3.6 (Table 3.6) UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEM

The format of the former Table has been modified to indicate the category of systemsallowed under certain conditions and where not permitted (NP). An extra row added tothe Table for neutral screened cables.

Table 3.7 (Table 3.7) UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEM CATEGORIES

Former Table has been re-arranged to indicate acceptable installation methods for thevarious categories of wiring systems. ‘Depth of laying requirements’ for a Category Asystem, below a continuous concrete paved area, have been changed.

3.12 (3.14) AERIAL WIRING SYSTEMS

The former Clause has been amended and former Tables 3.1 to 3.3 have been replacedby Tables 3.8 to 3.10.

3.13 (3.15) CABLES SUPPORTED BY A CATENARY

The former Clause has been amended and the new requirements are based on safe andsound practice.

Former Tables 3.4 and 3.5 have been deleted.

3.14 (2.19.7 and 2.19.8) EMERGENCY SYSTEMS


NOTE: Wiring of emergency systems is included in Clause 7.10.

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3.15 (3.32) BUSBAR TRUNKING SYSTEMS (BUSWAYS) INCLUDING RISINGMAINS SYSTEMS

The former Clause has been amended to include a provision that busbar trunkingsystems shall comply with AS 3439.2 and be installed in accordance with themanufacturer’s instructions and appropriate Clauses of the Standard. Fire barriers arestill required.

3.16 (3.21.6) EARTH SHEATH RETURN (ESR) SYSTEM


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S E C T I O N 4 I N S T A L L A T I O N O F A P P L I A N C E S A N DA C C E S S O R I E S

4.1 (New) GENERAL

This is a new Clause that outlines the requirements of this Section.

4.2 (4.15.2 and 4.15.5) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTIONAGAINST INJURY FROM MECHANICAL MOVEMENT

These former Clauses have been amended to adopt accepted international practice.

4.3 (1.1.4 and 1.2.4) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTIONAGAINST THERMAL EFFECTS

4.3.1 (New) General

New Clause summarizing requirements.

4.3.2 (1.1.4 and 1.2.4) Prevention of fire hazard

These former Causes have been amended to adopt accepted international practice.

4.3.3 (1.1.4) Protection against burns

This Clause expanded to adopt accepted international practice.

4.3.4 (4.15) Motors

4.3.4.1 (New) Protection against overload

This new Clause requires overload protection of motors exceeding a rating of 0.37 kW.

4.3.4.2 (4.15.6) Protection against overtemperature


4.3.5 (4.19) Room heaters


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4.3.6 (4.11 and 4.12) Lighting equipment and accessories

Former Clauses amended and expanded to adopt accepted international practice.

4.3.7 (4.36) Electric duct heaters

Former Clause used.

4.3.8 (4.22) Electric heating cable systems

Former Clause amended to include accepted international practice.

4.3.9 (4.20 and 4.21) Appliances producing hot water or steam


New Clause adopting international practice.

4.3.9.2 (4.20) Water heaters


4.3.9.3 (4.21) Electrode t ype boilers

Former Clause amended to require electricity distributor approval for installation.

4.3.10 (4.16.4) Electrical equipment containing liquid dielectrics

Former Clause amended and incorporated in this new Clause.

4.3.11 (New) Cooking appliances

A new Clause requiring a functional switch for cooking appliances.

4.4 (9.1) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTION AGAINSTEXPLOSION

This Clause refers to the AS 2381 series and Clause 7.9 of this Standard for informationrelated to installations in hazardous areas.

4.5 (4.28) TRANSFORMERS

4.5.1 (4.28.1) General


4.5.2 (4.28.2) Secondary circuit


4.5.3 (5.3.9) Low voltage transformer supply


4.5.4 (4.28.4) Autotransformers

New Clause.

4.5.5 (4.28.4.3) Step-up transformers

New Clause.

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4.6 (4.16) CAPACITORS

Former Clause rearranged and amended.

4.7 (4.27) BATTERIES

This Clause refers to AS 3011.1 and AS 3011.2 for information.

4.8 ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY SYSTEMS

4.8.1 (New) General

This new Clause provides a guide to types of alternative supply systems.

4.8.2 (New) Selection, installation and control

This new Clause includes a list of standards for guidance on the selection installationand control.

4.8.3 (2.16.2.4 and 2.23.5.6) Isolation and switching requirements


4.8.4 (4.26) Electricity supply characteristic changers


4.9 (4.14) SOCKET-OUTLETS


This new Clause provides a list of Standards for approved socket-outlets.

4.9.1.2 (New) Protection against contact with live pins

This is a new Clause advising when additional protection may be necessary.

4.9.1.3.1 (7.14) Extra-low voltage

Former Clause used.

4.9.1.3.2 (New) SELV and PELV

New Clause refers to Clause 7.7 for requirements for SELV and PELV plugs and socket-outlets.

4.9.2 (4.14.1 to 4.14.3) Location


4.9.3 (4.14.4) Earthing contacts

Former Clause amended and exceptions added where earthing contacts are notrequired.

4.9.4 (4.14.5 to 4.14.7) Switching device


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4.9.5 (4.14.8) Polarization

Former Clause amended and expanded to clarify polarization requirements for allsocket-outlets of the same type.

4.10 OTHER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

4.10.2 (4.13.4.2) Goliath edison screw lampholders

Former Clause used.

4.10.3 (3.35) Festoon lighting


4.11 (3.12 and 4.18) CONNECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Former Clauses amended and expanded.

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S E C T I O N 5 E A R T H I N G A R R A N G E M E N T S A N D E A R T H I N GC O N D U C T O R S

NOTE: The former terminology used for earthing conductors has been changed to 'Mainearthing conductor' and 'Protective earthing conductor' (See Clauses 1.4.61 and 1.4.72 forDefinitions) to align with international practice.

5.1 (New) General

New Clause which outlines the requirements of this Section.

5.2 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS

5.2.1 (New) General

New Clause introducing international practices for the use of protective and functionalearthing.

NOTE: See Clauses 1.4.72 and 1.4.54 for Definitions.

5.2.2(5.4.1) For protective purposes

Former Clause amended and expanded to specify requirements.

5.2.3 (New) For functional purposes

New Clause reflecting international practice for providing this arrangement.

5.2.4 (New) For combined protective and functional purposes

New Clause reflecting international practice that, where combined protective andfunctional earthing is used, the requirements for protective purposes must prevail.

5.2.5 (New) Selection and installation

New Clause setting out selection and installation requirements.

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5.2.6 (New) Precautions

New Clause relating to risks associated with damage from electroylsis or galvanic action.

5.3 (0.5.63) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM

Former definition used as basis of this Clause with a note that alternative systems maybe used.

5.4 EARTHING REQUIREMENTS

5.4.1 (5.3.1 and Part of 0.5.48) General

Former Clauses amended and rationalized to set out requirements.

5.4.2. (5.4.4.1) Connection of electrical equipment to earth.

Former Clause used.

5.4.3 (1.5.3.3) Resistance of the earthing system

Former Clause amended and reference to 2 Ω deleted. The maximum resistance of themain earthing conductor has been reduced to 0.5 Ω. A note introduced regardingreference to Appendix B for further information.

5.5 EARTHING CONDUCTORS

5.5.1 (5.5.3.2 and 5.5.3.3) Size

Former Clauses amended and reference to aluminium earthing conductors deleted.

Table 5.1 (Table 5.1) Minimum copper earthing conductor size

Former Table amended to delete reference to aluminium earthing conductors. Minimumsize earthing conductors in multicore cables or flexible cords reduced to 1.0 mm2.

5.5.2 (5.5.1) Conductor material and type

Former Clause amended and reference to aluminium deleted. Smaller solid earthingconditions permitted under certain conditions.

5.5.3 Insulation and identification

5.5.3.1 (5.5.2) Insulation

Former Clause amended and reference to standards for insulation deleted.

5.5.3.2 (Note to 5.5.2.1) Identification

Former Note amended and made a Clause.

5.5.4 (5.5.4) Installation

Former Clause amended and reference to aluminium earthing conductors deleted.Requirement for protecting connections to exposed earthing clamps transferred toClause 5.6.3.7.

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5.5.5 (5.5.5) Connections

All requirements relating to jointing, termination and connection are contained in newClause 3.7.

5.5.6 (New) Aluminium conductors

This new Clause contains requirements for consideration when using aluminium earthingconductors which were generally contained in various parts of former Clause 5.5.

5.6 EARTHING SYSTEMS PARTS

5.6.1 (New) General

This new Clause adopts accepted international practice of presentation.

FIGURE 5.1 (New) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM OF EARTHING MEN LINK AT CUSTOMER'S MAIN SWITCHBOARD

This new Figure shows, diagrammatically, a typical MEN system of earthing where theMEN link is at the customer's main switchboard and a separate MEN installation iscreated in an outbuilding or detached portion of an electrical installation.

FIGURE 5.2 (New) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM OF EARTHING MEN LINK REMOTE FROM CUSTOMER'S MAIN SWITCHBOARD

This new Figure shows, diagrammatically, a typical MEN system where the MEN link isremote from the customer's main switchboard.

NOTE: The separate MEN installation and circuit distribution shown in Figure 5.1 maybeapplied to this Figure.

FIGURE 5.3 (New) TYPICAL MEN EARTHING SYSTEMS

This new Figure shows typical MEN earthing systems utilizing a main earthingterminal/connection or alternatively a main earthing bar and provides guidance ondetermining minimum sizes of an earthing system parts by reference to relevant Clausesof the new Standard.

5.6.2 Earth electrodes

5.6.2.1 (5.6.1) General

Former Clause amended by deleting reference to other mediums and approval requiredby the Supply Authority.

5.6.2.2 (5.6.2, 5.6.3.2 and 5.6.3.3) Types

Former Clauses have been amended to adopt accepted international practice. Examplesof acceptable arrangements are provided.

5.6.2.3 (5.6.3.1) Location

Former Clause amended to delete reference to soil conditions.

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5.6.3 Main earthing conductor

5.6.3.1 (5.4.2) Arrangements of main earthing conductor

Former Clause amended to include reference to the main earthing terminal/connection orbar at the main switchboard.

5.6.3.2 (Part of 5.5.3.2) Size (Minimum cross-sectional area)

Former Clause amended by referring to Clause 5.5.1 where former Clause 5.5.3.2 (c) isused excluding reference to aluminium conductors.

5.6.3.3 (New) Conductor material and type

See new Clause 5.5.2.

5.6.3.4 (New) Insulation and Identification




5.6.3.6 (New) Connections


5.6.3.7 (5.7 and 5.5.4) Connection to earth electrode

Former Clause amended to adopt international practice and part of former Clause 5.5.4regarding protection where exposed to the weather included.

5.6.4 Main earthing terminal/connection or bar


This new Clause adopts accepted international practice.

5.6.4.2 (New) Disconnection arrangements for resistance measurement

This new Clause reflects accepted international practice.

5.6.4.3 (New) Main earthing bars

This new Clause refers to Clause 2.9.3 for requirements.

5.6.5 (Part of 5.9.3.1) MEN link

The former Clause has been amended and expanded to provide information relative toconnection, size and identification of the MEN link.

5.6.6 (5.9.4) Earthing in outbuildings and detached porti ons of an electricalinstallation.

The former Clause has been amended and re-arranged to provide clearer requirementswith regard to the installation of the neutral conductor.

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5.6.7 Protective earthing conductors


This new Clause reflects accepted international practice.

5.6.7.2 (5.4.3.1) Arrangement

Former Clause amended to include earthing terminal/connection and reference tovoltage operated earth-leakage circuit-breakers deleted.

5.6.7.3 (5.4.3.2) Protective earthing conductors at distribution boards

Former Clause amended to provide clearer indication of requirements applicable toprotective earthing conductors at distribution boards.

FIGURE 5.4 (New) DIAGRAMMATIC EXAMPLES OF ARRANGEMENT OFPROTECTIVE EARTHING CONDUCTORS (CLAUSES 5.6.7.2 AND 5.6.7.3)

This new Figure provides diagrammatic examples of the various acceptable methods ofarranging protective earthing conductor connections to comply with the requirements ofClauses 5.6.7.2 and 5.6.7.3.

NOTE: The example shows various methods of providing protective earthing and althoughmultiple methods are shown for some locations only one connection is necessary to complywith the requirements of the Standard.

5.6.7.4 Size (minimum cross-sectional area)

5.6.7.4.1 (Part of 5.5.3) General

Former Clause amended and expanded to reflect accepted international practice andnow includes the need to consider earth fault-loop impedance in the process of selectingthe size of protective earthing conductors.

5.6.7.4.2 (Part of 5.5.3) Selection of cross-sectional area of protective earthingconductor

Former Clause amended and notes added drawing attention to consideration of size ofterminals and that calculation may be necessary if short-circuit current is a consideration.

5.6.7.4.3 (New) Calculation of cross-sectional area of protective earthingconductor

An equation is provided for use in calculating the cross-sectional area of protectiveearthing conductors and noting that examples of the application of the equation arecontained in the AS/NZS 3008.1 series.

5.6.7.5 Types

5.6.7.5.1 (Part of 5.4.4) General

Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to means of earthing have beenincluded in the Clause that now reflects accepted international practice.

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5.6.7.5.2 (Part of 5.4.4) Special con ditions

Appropriate parts of the former Clause 5.4.4 referring to conditions associated with theuse of metallic wiring enclosures, cable sheaths, armours or screens and framework, asprotective earthing conductors have been included in this Clause.

5.6.7.6 (New) Insulation and Identification

This new Clause refers to new Clause 5.5.3 for identification and insulationrequirements.

5.6.7.7 Contin uity

5.6.7.7.1 (New) Gener al

This new Clause reflects accepted international practice. Star or cutting washers areconsidered acceptable for ensuring earth continuity across painted surfaces boltedtogether.

5.6.7.7.2 (5.4.4.2) Metalli c wiring enclosur es

Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to continuity included in thisClause.

5.6.7.7.3 (5.4.4.3) Metalli c sheath s, armour s and screens of cables

Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to continuity included in thisClause.

5.6.7.7.4 (5.4.4.5) Conne cting devices

Former Clause amended and appropriate parts referring to continuity of earthing throughconnecting devices included in this Clause.


This new Clause refers to new Clause 5.5.4.

5.6.7.9 (New) Conne ctio ns

This new Clause refers to new Clause 3.7.

5.7 EARTHING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

5.7.1 (New) Gener al

This new Clause sets out requirements for earthing.

5.7.2 Exceptions - speci al situations

5.7.2 (a) (5.3.8) Double i nsulation


5.7.2 (b) (5.3.9) Low voltage t ransf ormer supply-i solatin g tran sformers

Former Clause amended and included.

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5.7.2 (c) (New) Protectio n by SELV or PELV systems

New Clause excluding the need to earth exposed metal parts if SELV or PELV is used tosupply electrical equipment.

5.7.3 Partic ular ele ctric al equi pment

5.7.3.1 (Part of 5. 4.4) Wiring syst ems

Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to earthing of metallic wiringenclosures, sheaths, armours and screens of cables or cords and earthing of electricalequipment supplied by flexible cord or flexible cable have been included in this Clause.

5.7.3.2 (5.3.3) Socket-ou tlets

Former Clause amended and exemptions for socket-outlets supplied through an isolationtransformer added.

5.7.3.3 (5.3.4) Lighting poin ts and luminares

Former Clause amended and requirements rationalized.

5.7.3.4 (Part of 5. 4.4) Switchboards

Relative parts of former Clause relating to earthing of electrical equipment mounted on ametallic framework of a switchboard are included in this Clause.

5.7.3.5 (5.3.2.4) Unprotected consumers mains

Former Clause amended and expanded to include requirements for earthing metallicequipment associated with unprotected consumers mains.

5.7.3.6 (5.3.2.3) Metallic supports for aerial conduct ors

Former Clause amended to include reference to arm's reach.

5.7.3.7 (3.11 and 5.3.7) Structur al met alwor k includin g conductive b uildingmaterials

Former Clauses amended and rationalized to provide requirements for earthing structuralmetalwork or conductive building materials including exemptions.

5.7.3.8 (5.4.4.6) Constructional components

Former Clause amended and retained.

5.7.3.9 (5.4.4.5 (c)) Submersibl e pumps


5.8 EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING

5.8.1 (5.8.1.1) General

Former Clause amended and included.

5.8.2 Arrangeme nt


New Clause outlining requirements.

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5.8.2.2 (5.8.1.2) Metallic water piping

Former Clause amended and requirements added indicating that the connection of therequired bonding conductor shall be as close as practicable to the entry of the waterpiping.

5.8.2.3 (5.8.1.7) Other metallic piping systems

Former Clause amended and piping systems identified as 'metallic'.

5.8.2.4 (5.8.1.8) Metal cable sheaths and metallic wiring enclosures


5.8.2.5 (6.3.9.2) Swimming and spa pools


5.8.2.6 (5.8.1.3) Telephone and telecommunication earthing systems


5.8.3 Bonding conductors

5.8.3.1 (5.8.2.1) General


5.8.3.2 (5.8.2.4) Size (minimum cross-sectional area)

Former Clause amended. Reference to aluminum conductors deleted. References toAppendix H deleted.

5.8.4 (New) Types

Refers to new Clause 5.5.2.

5.8.5 (new) Insulation and Identification


5.8.6 (New) Continuity

New Clause outlining requirements.

5.8.7 (New) Installation


5.8.8 (New) Connections

Refers to new Clause 3.7.

5.9 (New) PROTECTION BY ELECTRICAL SEPARATION

A new Clause which refers to Clause 1.7.4.5 for requirements where it is intended toprovide protection by electrical separation.

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5.10 (New) OTHER EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS

This new Clause requires that in general earthing arrangements of other systems listedshould be separate from the electrical installation earthing system but if connectedthereto the integrity of the electrical installation earthing system shall not be reduced.

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S E C T I O N 6 T E S T I N G A N D V E R I F I C A T I O N

6.1 (1.5) GENERAL

This is a new Clause based on accepted international practice that expands therequirements of the former Clause 1.5 to include inspection as well as testing. Attentionis drawn to ensuring the safety of persons and avoidance of damage to property duringinspection and testing. Alterations and additions must not impair the safety of the existingelectrical installation.

6.2 VISUAL INSPECTION

6.2.1 (New) General

This new Clause, which reflects accepted international practice, requires visualinspection of the work to ensure compliance with the Standard.

6.2.2 (New) Check List

This new Clause follows accepted international practice and includes a guidance list ofmatters to be checked during visual inspections.

6.3 TESTING

6.3.1 (1.5) General

This Clause expands the requirements of former Clause 1.5 by allowing optional testsand other methods of testing with a reference to AS/NZS 3017 for guidance.

6.3.2 (1.4 of AS/NZS 3017) Sequence of tests

The general content of Clause 1.4 and associated Figure 1.1 of AS/NZS 3017 have beenamended to include fault-loop impedance testing and verification of operation of residualcurrent devices and included.

6.3.3 Mandatory tests


This new Clause sets out tests that must be carried out and outlines procedures to befollowed in the event of failure of a test.

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6.3.3.2(1.5.3 and 3.1 of AS/NZS3017) Continuity of the earthing system (earthresistance of the main earthing conductor, protective earthing conductors andbonding conductors).

Former Clause 1.5.3 and the content of Clause 3.1 of AS/NZS 3017 have beenamended and included in this Standard. This new Clause generally sets out the reasonfor the test and the required results.

The maximum resistance of the main earthing conductor has been reduced to 0.5 Ω.

6.3.3.3 (1.5.2 and 3.2 of AS/NZS 3017) Insulation resist ance

Former Clause 1.5.2 and the content of Clause 3.2 of AS/NZS 3017 have been amendedand included in this Standard. This new Clause generally sets out the reason for the test,the performance criteria for test equipment and provides guidance that care should beexercised when testing electronic equipment.

6.3.3.4 (3.3 of AS/NZS 3017) Polarity

Clause 3.3 of AS/NZS 3017 has been amended and included in this Standard. TheClause generally sets out the reason for the test and the required result.

6.3.3.5 (3.4 of AS/NZS 3017) Correct circuit connections

The content of Clause 3.4 of AS/NZS 3017 has been amended and included in thisStandard. The Clause generally sets out the reason for the test and the required result.

6.3.4 OPTIONAL TESTS


This new Clause lists two tests that may be carried out if considered necessary.

6.3.4.2 (New) Fault -loop impedance

This new Clause sets out the reason for measuring fault-loop impedance and therequirement that values of impedance obtained shall satisfy the requirements of newClause 1.7.4.3.3.

NOTE: This test can only be made when the electrical installation is alive.

6.3.4.3 (New) Operation of residual current devices (RCD's)

This new Clause sets out the reasons for and method of testing the operation of an RCD.Notes indicate that the function of the RCD and protection requirements are notnecessarily proved simply by the operation of the RCD integral test device.

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S E C T I O N 7 R E Q U I R E M E N T S F O R S P E C I A L E L E C T R I C A LI N S T A L L A T I O N S O R L O C A T I O N S

NOTE: The requirements of Sections 1-6 also apply to each special electrical installation orlocation where applicable.

7.1 LOCATIONS CONTAINING BATHS, SHOWERS OR OTHER FIXED WATERCONTAINERS

7.1.1 (New) Scope

This new Clause outlines the need for particular requirements due to the increased riskof electric shock by the reduction in body resistance and contact with earth potential inthese areas.

7.1.2 (6.4.2) Classification of zones

The restricted zones specified in former Clause 6.4.2 have been amended and expandedand classified into zones in accordance with accepted international practice. Dimensionsapplicable to the classified zones are provided (which in many cases differ from theformer restricted zones) and examples are provided by figures showing typical zonearrangements and appropriate dimensions. The classified zones do not extend beyondthe room or area containing the bath, shower or other fixed water container.

7.1.3 (New) Protection a gainst ele ctric sho ck - Prohibited measur es.

New Clause, based on accepted international practice, prohibits protection againstelectric shock by obstacles or by placing out of reach.

7.1.4 Selection and installation of electrical equipment

7.1.4.1 (New) Degree of prote ctio n required

New Clause, following international practice, specifying degrees of protection required forelectrical equipment installed in the classified zones.

7.1.4.2 (New) Socket-outlets

New Clause sets out where socket-outlets may be installed and the need for specialrequirements.

7.1.4.3 (New) Switche s and other accessories

New Clause sets out where switches and other accessories may be installed and theneed for special requirements.

7.1.4.4 (New) Other elec trical equi pment

New Clause sets out where other electrical equipment may be installed and the need forspecial requirements. The nominal voltage of electrical equipment installed in Zone 0 (ina bath, shower base or fixed water container) shall not exceed 12 V a.c or 30 V ripplefree d.c. Heating cable systems installed in the floor may require additional mechanicalor electrical protection.

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7.1.4.5 (Part of 2.21) Switchboards

Former Clause amended and included in new Clause 2.9.8 that is referred to in thisClause.

7.2 SWIMMING POOLS, PADDLING POOLS AND SPA POOLS OR TUBS

7.2.1 (New) Scope

New Clause outlines the need for particular requirements due to the increased risk ofelectric shock by the reduction in body resistance and contact with earth potential inthese areas.

7.2.2 (6.3.2) Classification of Zones

The definition of swimming pool and spa pool zones in former Clause 6.3.2 have beenamended and expanded and classified into zones in accordance with acceptedinternational practice. Dimensions applicable to the classified zones are provided (whichin many cases differ from the former definitions) and examples are provided by figuresshowing typical zone arrangements and appropriate dimensions. The dimensions of theclassified zones may be reduced by the installation of suitable barriers.

7.2.3 Protection against electric shock

7.2.3.1 (New) Prohibited measures

New Clause, based on accepted international practice, prohibits protection againstelectric shock by obstacles or by placing out of reach.

7.2.3.2 (Part of 6.3.9) Supplementary equipotential bonding

Former Clause 6.3.9.2 amended and included in new Clause 5.8.2.5 that is referred to inthis Clause.

7.2.3.3 (New) Voltage gradients

New Clause drawing attention to the need to consider protective measures to preventhazardous voltages being transferred to the pool water in the event of an electrical fault.

7.2.4 Selection and installation of electrical equipment

7.2.4.1 (New) Degree of protection required

New Clause, following international practice, specifying degrees of protection required forelectrical equipment installed in the classified zones.

7.2.4.2 (Part of 6.3.3) and 6.3.4) Wiring systems

Former Clauses amended and rationalized to reflect international practice. Any suitablewiring system is allowed provided care is taken to prevent the entry of moisture toconnections and water siphoning through any wiring enclosure or cable. Bare aerialconductors are prohibited over Zones 0,1 and 2.

7.2.4.3 (Part of 6.3.6) Socket-outlets

Former Clause amended and rationalized to reflect international practice and sets outwhere socket-outlets may be installed and the need for special requirements.

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7.2.4.4 (Part of 6.3.6) Switches and other accessories

Former Clause amended to reflect international practice and sets out where switchesand other accessories may be installed and the need for special requirements.

7.2.4.5 (Part of 6.3.7 and Part of 6.3.8) Other electrical equipment

Former Clauses amended and rationalized to reflect international practice and to set outwhere other electrical equipment may be installed and the need for special requirements.The nominal voltage of electrical equipment installed in Zone 0 (the interior of a watercontainer) shall not exceed 12 V a.c. or 30 V ripple free d.c. Heating cable systemsinstalled in the floor of Zone 1 and 2 may require additional mechanical or electricalprotection.

7.2.4.6 Part of (2.21) Switchboards

Former Clause amended and included in new Clause 2.9.8 that is referred to in thisClause.

7.3 LOCATIONS CONTAINING SAUNA HEATERS

New Clause, based on accepted international practice, sets out requirements for Saunaswhich where included in former Clause 6.6. Information generally includes theclassification of zones within the area, protection against electric shock, selection andinstallation of electrical equipment including wiring systems and provision of atemperature limiting device within the area.

7.4 REFRIGERATION ROOMS

Previously covered in former Clause 6.6. The Clause has been amended and redraftedto follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional informationgenerally includes requirements for protection against electric shock and the degree ofprotection required for electrical equipment within the refrigeration room.

7.5 LOCATIONS WHERE GENERAL HOSING DOWN OPERATIONS ARE CARRIEDOUT

Previously covered in former Clause 6.7. The Clause has been amended and redraftedto follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional informationgenerally includes requirements for protection against electric shock and wiring systemsfor use within the classified zone.

7.6 FOUNTAINS AND WATER FEATURES

Previously covered in former Clause 6.5. The Clause has been amended and redraftedto follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional informationgenerally includes the classification of zones within the area, protection against electricshock, and drawings showing examples of determination of the classified zones. Thedepth of water in fountains or water features that requires compliance with this Clausehas been reduced to 0.3 m.

7.7 EXTRA-LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Previously covered in former Section 7. The Clauses of former Section 7 have beenamended, rationalised and redrafted to include requirement that extra-low voltageelectrical installations must be either a

(a) separated extra-low voltage (SELV) system; or

(b) protected extra-low voltage (PELV) system.

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Otherwise they will be deemed to be operating at low voltage and shall be subject to therelevant requirements of other Clauses of this Standard. Information provided in relationto SELV and PELV systems generally covers the sources of supply, segregationrequirements and arrangement of circuits for these systems.

7.8 HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Previously covered in former Section 8. The Clauses of former Section 8 have beenamended to reflect changes to preliminary considerations regarding approval of theregulatory authority or electricity distributor, accessibility and emergency exit facilitiesand the need for fire rated construction for sub-stations in buildings.

7.9 HAZARDOUS AREAS

Previously covered in former Section 9. Some of the Clauses in former Section 9 relatingto classification of hazardous areas have been included in this Clause. Informationrelative to the selection and installation of electrical equipment including wiring systemsand electrical installations in specific occupancies is contained in the AS 2381 series aswell as guidance on additional inspection techniques and maintenance and repairmethods.

7.10 EMERGENCY SYSTEMS

This Clause refers to the provision of electrical services to emergency systems,previously referred to as 'Essential equipment'. Former Clauses 2.19.1 to 2.19.9 havebeen amended and included in this Clause. Amendments consist generally of changing'essential equipment' to 'emergency systems' and identifying 'installation' as 'electricalinstallation' to align with the new definitions.

7.11 SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION STANDARDS

This new Clause outlines Standards that are applicable to specific electrical installations.Former Clauses 4.34, 4.35, 6.9 to 6.13 (inclusive.), 6.15, 6.16, and 7.17 are included.

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A P P E N D I C E S

APPENDIX A LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

New Appendix A only contains a list of documents referenced in this Standard.Compliance requirements and Approval and test specifications included in the formerAppendix A have been deleted. New Clause 1.9 outlines requirements for the selectionof electrical equipment for use in the electrical installation.

APPENDIX B CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS

Former Appendix B has been deleted. Information relative to current-carrying capacitiesof cables under differing conditions of installation including grouping and guidance on thedetermination of voltage drop are contained in the AS/NZS 3008.1 series.

The new Appendix B is an informative appendix which identifies the steps required todetermine the essential circuit arrangements that affect conductor size and selection ofprotective devices.

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Coordination between conductors and overload protective devices for protection againstoverload current is explained as well as providing guidance on the application of therequirements of Clause 1.7.4.3.3 in respect to circuit fault-loop impedance and the testoutlined in Clause 6.3.4.2.

The fault-loop is explained diagrammatically and guidance Tables are included providingmaximum disconnecting times and maximum circuit lengths for different sizes ofconductors and types of protective devices.

APPENDIX C CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM DEMAND

Former Appendix C has been deleted and the pertinent parts will be included in theAS 3439 Series. The new Appendix C is an Informative appendix which contains therequirements of former Clause 2.6, Tables 2.3 and 2.4 and part of Appendix G as well astwo additional examples related to commercial and industrial installations.

APPENDIX D AERIAL LINES DATA

Former Appendix D has been included in the Appendix together with Example 14 fromformer Appendix G.

FORMER APPENDIX E INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR NUMBER OF CABLES INCONDUIT, TUBE OR PIPE

Former Appendix E has been deleted and it is envisaged that this information can beobtained by use of manufacturer's literature or by calculation.

FORMER APPENDIX F GUIDANCE ON THE ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTSAPPLYING TO THE VOLTAGE-OPERATED ELCB SYSTEM

Former Appendix F has been deleted as new Clause 5.3 recognizes that the MENsystem of earthing satisfies the requirements of the Standard.

FORMER APPENDIX G EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUSPROVISIONS OF THIS STANDARD

Only the parts of the former Appendix G relating to maximum demand and aerialconductors have been incorporated in appropriate parts of the Standard.

FORMER APPENDIX H ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS

Former Appendix H has been deleted and the basic requirements are covered inClause 1.5.

FORMER APPENDIX J GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TESTED ANDUNTESTED SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLIES

Former Appendix J has been deleted and the requirements are covered in Clause 2.9.

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S U M M A R Y O F C L A U S E S F R O M A S 3 0 0 0 - 1 9 9 1 T H A T A R EN O T I N C L U D E D I N A S / N Z S 3 0 0 0 : 2 0 0 0

The process of rewriting the Wiring Rules included the philosophy of alignment, wherepracticable with international practices, as well as removing many prescriptive workpractices. Therefore many Clauses in the 1991 edition have not been reused and othershave been amended or modified but with the intent of the Clause still being maintained.

Some of the reasons for deletion or modification of Clauses are as follows:

(a) Obsolete definition.

(b) Prescriptive.

(c) Not pertinent to the new document.

(d) Did not reflect accepted international practice.

(e) Information provided in other Standards or Codes.

(f) System no longer widely used.

(g) Covered generally by requirements of Section 1.

(h) Change in philosophy.

A summary of the Clauses that are not included in the new Wiring Rules is set out below.

SECTION 0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS

0.5 DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATURE

0.5.6 Aerial conductor, insulated

0.5.12 Approved

0.5.17 Busway

0.5.20 Cable assembly, flat

0.5.32 Cord, flexible extension

0.5.36 Danger

0.5.37 Dead

0.5.38 Direct earthing system

0.5.44 Earthing system

0.5.45 Earth-leakage circuit-breaker(ELCB) system, voltage-operated

0.5.50 Fire-isolated stairway, passageway or ramp

0.5.52 Fuse-element

0.5.53 Fuse, HRC

0.5.58 Insulation, double

0.5.59 Insulator, outdoor type

0.5.60 Lampholder, all insulated

0.5.61 Live (alive)

0.5.65 Non-hygroscopic

0.5.66 Outlet, general purpose (GPO)

0.5.68 Panel, control

0.5.73 Polyphase (or multiphase)

0.5.75 Resistance area (for an earth electrode only)

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0.5.77 Service line

0.5.78 Service cable, underground

0.5.86 Switches, linked

0.5.87 Switch, single pole

0.5.88 Switch, multipole

0.5.90 Switchgear, self-contained

0.5.91 Switchgear, enclosed

0.5.92 Switchgear, partly enclosed

0.5.99 Wiring, open

SECTION 1 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.2.4.2 Provision for plate or tray between a machine and the floor

Table 1.1 Fire protective clearances

1.2.5 Limitation, reduction and control of voltage

1.4.3 Prohibited connections

1.4.5 Defects

1.4.8 Equipment in fire-isolated stairways, passageways and ramps

1.5.3.4 Direct earthing system

1.5.4 Resistance of equipotential bonding system

SECTION 2 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT, CONTROL AND PROTECTION

2.2.2.2 Effect of bulk thermal insulation

2.4.3.2 Semi-enclosed rewirable fuses

Table 2.2 Approximate current rating of fuse elements composed of tinned copperwire for use in semi-enclosed rewirable fuses

2.4.4 Fault-current limiters

2.9 Maximum demand of final subcircuits

2.10 Separate final subcircuits required

2.11 Number of points per final subcircuit - General

Table 2.5 Number of points per single purpose final subcircuit in a domesticinstallation

Table 2.6 Number of points per single purpose final subcircuit in a non-domesticinstallation

Table 2.7 Loading and number of points per mixed final subcircuit in a domesticinstallation

Table 2.8 Loading and number of points per mixed final subcircuit in a non-domesticinstallation.

2.12 Number of points per final subcircuit - Special application final subcuits innon-domestic installations

2.13.1 Current-carrying capacity

2.13.2.1 General

2.14.1 Origin of submains and final subcircuits

2.14.2 Submains minimum current-carrying capacity

2.15.1 Consumers mains and submains

2.15.2 Final subcircuits

2.16.1.2 Number of main switches

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2.16.3 Connection of main switches

2.17.3 Fuse in neutral conductor

2.18 Control and protection of circuits Neutral not solidly earthed

2.22.1.2 Material

2.22.1.4 Metallic escutcheon plates and unhinged metallic access covers

2.22.2 Switchboard panels

Table 2.9 Thickness of non-metallic switchboard panels

Table 2.10 Fixed switchboard spacings

Table 2.11 Spacing and maximum cable sizes for hinged and removable switchboardpanels

2.23.3 Access for removal and replacement of equipment

2.23.4.1 Mounting surface

2.23.4.2 Spacing from edge of panel

2.23.4.3 Fixing

2.23.4.4 Fuses and circuit-breakers

2.23.5.5 Fuses

Table 2.12 Minimum clearances and creepage distances in air between liveconductors and live and earthed conductors

2.23.7.2 Wiring of switchboard panels

2.23.7.4 Auxilliary wiring

2.24 Manufactured switchgear assemblies

2.25 Alterations and additions to switchboards

2.26 Control panels

SECTION 3 INSTALLATION OF WIRING

3.2.2.2 Earthed sheath return (ESR) system

3.2.5 Switchboard and appliance wiring

3.3.2 Aluminium conductors

3.4 Maximum size of single wire

3.7.2.2 Consumers mains

3.9.5.1 General

3.9.8 Joints in paper insulated and armoured cables

3.9.9 Joints in cables having aluminium conductors

3.11.3 Aluminium conductors

3.11.4 Common terminals

3.15.2 - 6 Cables supported by catenary wire

Table 3.4 Approximate mass of cables

Table 3.5 Minimum sag for 8.5 mm2 galvanized low carbon steel catenary wire

3.16.3 Types of wiring enclosures for underground wiring systems

3.17 Bare conductors other than aerial and earthing conductors

3.18 Open wiring

Table 3.8 Open wiring distance between supports

3.19.2 In concrete

3.21.1 General

3.21.2.1 Class of cable

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3.21.3 Fittings

3.22 Neutral–screened cable

3.23 Aluminium cables

Table 3.9 Minimum bending radius for aluminium sheathed cable

3.24.1 Flexible cords Types and applications

Table 3.10 Types of elastomer or PVC flexible cords

3.24.3 Support by flexible cord

Table 3.11 Application of flexible cords

Table 3.12 Mass supported by flexible cords

3.24.5 Flexible pendants prohibited locations

3.24.6 Held in position

3.26 Metallic conduits and fittings

3.27 Flexible conduit (3.27.5 is covered)

3.28 Rigid non-metallic conduits (3.28.4.4 and .6 are covered)

3.29 Corrugated non-metallic conduit

3.30 Number of cables in conduit, tube or pipe

3.31.2.1 Materials and construction

3.31.3.1 Accessibility

3.31.3.3 Location of accessories

3.31.4.1 General

3.31.4.3 Unsheathed cables

3.32 Busways

3.33 Flat cable assemblies

3.34 Low voltage track systems (3.34.2 and 3.34.3 are covered)

3.34.4 - .9 Low voltage track systems

3.35 Festoon lighting (3.35.6 is covered)

3.36 Undercarpet wiring systems (3.36.2.1 and 3.36.2.2 are covered)

SECTION 4 EQUIPMENT4.2.1 Switches General4.2.2 Pendant switches4.2.3 Cord-line switches4.2.4 Switch lamp-holders4.3 Circuit breakers (4.3.3 is covered)4.4 Thermal circuit-opening devices (other than fuses)4.5 Fuses4.6 Mounting and protection of accessories (4.6.1.3 covered by segregation)4.8 Mounting blocks4.9 Ceiling roses4.10 Suspended lamp-holders, luminaires and socket-outlets4.13 Lamp-holders (4.13.4.2 is covered)Table 4.1 Rating of lamp-holders4.15.1 Connection4.15.4 Limitation of starting and transient current4.16.4.2 Special materials4.17 Radio interference suppression devices

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4.18.1.2 Appliances supplied from a busway, cable trunking, track system or similarwiring system

4.18.2 Portable appliances4.19.2 Where suspended4.20.3 Mounting4.20.4 Connection4.20.5 Arrangement of conduit4.20.6 Earthing4.21 Electrode type boilers (Part of 4.21.1 is covered)4.22 Electric heating cable systems (4.22.3 and 4.22.4 are covered)4.23 Electric discharge illumination systems4.24 Welding machines not manually operated4.25 Manually operated arc welding equipment4.28.3.2 Additional requirements for high voltage4.28.4 Autotransformers4.28.5 Supports and enclosures4.28.6.2 Special materials4.29 Inductors and resistors4.30 Static rectifiers4.32 Bell-ringing and signalling transformers and circuits4.33 Refrigeration plants

SECTION 5 EARTHING

5.2 Systems of earthing

5.3.2.4(b) For direct earthing system

5.3.5 High voltage equipment

5.3.6 Explosion protected equipment

5.4.3.3 Restricted connections

5.5.5.5 Crimped joints

5.9.1 Resistance to earth

5.9.2 Number of earth electrodes

5.9.3.3 Connections between neutral and earthing conductors

Table 5.2 Minimum size of neutral conductor for aerial submains for separate MENinstallation

5.10.1 Resistance to earth

5.10.3 Earthing of exposed metal in outbuildings

SECTION 6 SPECIAL SITUATIONS

6.2 Damp situations

6.3 Swimming and spa pools

Figure 6.1 Guide to delineation of a pool zone

6.4 Damp situations near baths, showers and other fixed water containers

Figure 6.2 Guide to restricted zones in damp situations near baths, showers andother fixed water containers

6.8 Theatres and public halls

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SECTION 7 EXTRA-LOW VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS

Former Section 7 has been completely rewritten and is now Clause 7.7. Some of therequirements from the former Section 7 are included in the new Clause.

SECTION 8 HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS

The former requirements of Section 8 have been included in the new Clause 7.8 withminor amendments.

SECTION 9 HAZARDOUS AREAS

Only former Clause 9.4 has been used in the new Clause 7.9. Information relating toequipment, wiring systems and specific occupancies is in the AS 2381 series.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

A1.2.2 Declared type or class

A1.2.3 Non declared type or class

A1.2.4 Equipment for use in hazardous areas

A1.2.5 Electromedical equipment

A2 Approval and test specifications

APPENDIX B CABLE AND CONDUCTOR TABLES

All deleted.

APPENDIX C CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF COPPER AND ALUMINIUMBUSBARS

All deleted.

APPENDIX E INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR NUMBER OF CABLES IN CONDUIT,TUBE OR PIPE

All deleted.

APPENDIX F GUIDANCE ON THE ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TOTHE VOLTAGE-OPERATED ELCB SYSTEM

All deleted.

APPENDIX G EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS PROVISIONS OF THISSTANDARD

Only examples 1-3 (inclusive) and 14 used in the new Wiring Rules.

APPENDIX H ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS

All deleted except Paragraph H2.1 is referenced in the new Wiring Rules.

APPENDIX J GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TESTED AND UNTESTEDSWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLIES

All deleted.

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Documents

Doc 3000 N (2000) What's New in the Wiring Rules