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Overview:
Qualitative Analysis under Fire
Main types of qual. analysis
Software
Examples of analysis
Recent developments
Conclusion
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Denzin: Qualitative analysis underfire
Bush lying about Saddam
Hussein weapons of massdestruction
Lies about climate change: warmingup is fake
US doesnt sign Kyoto protocol
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In our own country: ICCP lies over melting Himalaya gletschers
in
2035
Holland 25 or 54% under water
Minister Kramer demands a clarification
NRC full of articles from Karel Snip, van Dieren, Tv: prof Icke
on science between opinion and
facts
Reaction In England and the UnitedStates no funding if not SBR-
scientificbased research.
National Research Council is againstqualitative research.
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Recent dissertation inAnthropology: is it possible to
makegeneralizations on 35 respondents
with missing data?
Member of the PHD committee:I dont know but the promotor
thinks
so.It is her opinion. I don t object.
Icke: we are ruled by opinions not byfacts!
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But we have criteria:
Criteria for qualitative analysis
Credibility (internal validity)
Transferability (external validity)
Dependability (reliability)
Confirmability (objectivity)
www.ncddr.org/kt/products/focus/focus9/
http://www.ncddr.org/kt/products/focus/focus9/http://www.ncddr.org/kt/products/focus/focus9/
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1.Content analysis : Krippendorf
2. IPA= Interpretativephenomenological analysis
No phenomenology in strict sense: noeidetic reduction
More experience oriented(belevingspsychologie);
description of what people emotionalexperience, what they
think.
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3. Grounded Theory Glaser en Strauss: analytic induction;
direct
relation with case selection Strauss & Corbin: stepwise
approach
4. Discourse analysis (Foucault) How is language used to frame
discussion? What is the power structure?
5. Narrative analysis V.Propp :31 elements in narratives Gergen
narrative thread in plots Disease history; life history
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Kwalitan (Dutch program, Nijmegen)
Atlas-ti (in Leiden)
Nudist & Nvivo
Maxqda
QDA Miner
T-lab
Qualrus : neurological network learning
SPSS and SAS : text mining
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I. Atlas: HIV-AIDS literature exploration (meta-evaluation)
II. QDA Miner: Beta-test with Wordstat 6
Interruption graph: discussion in SecondChamber (M.Marx)
Atlas with searchstring : good-bad
QDA Miner: Heatmaps in aircraft accident study
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Combination: Emphasis not only onquantitative or only
qualitativeapproaches but on Mixed Methods
Technological development : PDA, cell-phones, laptops; cameras;
devices withmore data in photos; pictures; sound(mp3),etc. Student
comes with 1.4 gig of internet data in
moslima study
Data-mining Association rules Neurological networks combination
of qualitative and quantitative
data
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Milk is good ! Milk is a must
Qualitative analysis is a must
May be qualitative analysis deserves
to get a place in the Leiden Graduate
School for Methodology?
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The end
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1950-1970 research mainly quantitativebut also focus on weaker
data;nonmetric data Simon;Blalock with path-analysis
Coombs with data theory MDS Roskam-Lingoes with minissa
Leiden: de Geer, de Leeuw, Heiser, Meulmanwith Princals and
Homals
Qual.analysis is usually Content AnalysisGeneral Inquirer of
Philip Stone;Handbook of Content analysis Holsti
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in antropology:
study distant countries during war: Benedictand Margaret Mead on
Japan;
Minangkabau study through novels
Mclelland on Achievement motivation
in antropology
vision of participants
Sapir-Whorf language determines thinking
cognitive anthropology models of diseaseclassification
(D'Andrade & Romney)
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Ethnomethodology: Garfinkel
Clifford Geertz Anthropologist as textwriter (thick
description)
postmodernisme :Marcus c.s. role rhetoricdevices in constructing
reality
Minority studies ; what is life for a Black,a slave,or a
woman?
Grounded Theory
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parsing of text
vocabulary/ dictionaries
text preparation with GREP routines
coding Inductive
Autocoding
deductive via coding schemes/classifiers
network view/graphs export to SPSS
Multivariate analyses
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1.Foundationalbased Cochrane & Campbell Collaborations:
research isresearch quantitative or qualitative; confirm to
sharedcriteria like internal&external validity,
credibility,etc.
2.Quasi-foundationalqualitative has unique set of criteria to be
developed likereflexity; theoretical grounding;iconic;
paralogica;rhizomatic and voluptuous validity (Eisner 1993,
Lather1997; Lincoln and Guba,1985)
3. Non-foundational
emphasis on understanding versus prediction Inquirywithin morale
frame; implementing an ethic
