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Do Now: What do you know about Shakespeare?
Write down anything and everything that comes to mind when you hear the name Shakespeare. Think of places, titles of his works, history, etc.
The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet
William Shakespeare
“Hostility and its Effect on the Innocent”
Structure
Play
Act I Act 2
Scene 1 Scene 2 Scene 3
Plot: Types of Conflict
Character vs Nature
Character vs Society
Character vs Self
Character vs Character
The Renaissance: 1400 - 1650The Renaissance: 1400 - 1650 Renaissance means "rebirth“.Renaissance means "rebirth“. It was characterized by a surge of interest It was characterized by a surge of interest
in classical learning and values. in classical learning and values. The Renaissance witnessed The Renaissance witnessed
the discovery and exploration of new continents the discovery and exploration of new continents the understanding of the Solar System the understanding of the Solar System the growth of commercethe growth of commerce the invention ofthe invention of
paperpaper PrintingPrinting the mariner's compassthe mariner's compass gunpowder. gunpowder.
It was a time of classical learning and It was a time of classical learning and wisdom.wisdom.
The ReformationThe Reformation
1A 161A 16thth century movement in Europe. century movement in Europe. A time of religious reform. A time of religious reform. Characterized by reforming the Characterized by reforming the
Cathoic Church and the Cathoic Church and the establishment of Protestant establishment of Protestant Churches. Churches.
King Henry VIIIA true Renaissance Man:
•Developed his own church.
•Indulged every impulse.
•Killed many wives.
• Most notably Queen Mary I – also known as “bloody Mary”
•Left two powerful daughters and one weak son to fight and divide a nation for many years
Elizabeth IProtestant “Virgin”
Queen
Elizabeth is reported to have killed or maimed many of her lovers as well as anyone else who crossed her.
Her very public tantrums changed England for ever –
socially and politically.
Shakespeare feared her wrath and wrote to
please her – most of the time!
William Shakespeare
and his Romeo and Juliet
English I
Biography of a Poet and Playwright
• Born April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, England.
• Parents: John and Mary
Shakespeare.
• William was the third child of eight and the first son.
• Wrote 154 sonnets and 38 plays.
• Died April 23, 1616
Marriage Anne Hathaway was 26 years old
when she and Shakespeare married. William was 19.
Anne and Will would have three children as a family.
After William turned 21, William left Anne for over twenty-five years.
Shakespeare returned to Anne shortly before his death.
Upon her death, Anne asked to be buried with him.
Children Sussana, born May 23, 1583 – six months
after her parents’ marriage Sussana would care for her father in
London for many years until her marriage to a doctor.
Two years later on January 31, 1585, Anne and William's twins, Hamnet and Judith Shakespeare, were born.
Hamnet Shakespeare contracted the Bubonic Plague and died at the age of eleven.
ELIZABETHAN THEATRES
1500 - 1650
Theatre Characteristics
They were of two types:
Open-air amphitheatres Indoor halls
There was little or no scenery used on the stage.
Admission to the open-air amphitheatres cost one old penny.
Was an acting group that included Shakespeare.
The group that acted at The Globe
Also known as “The King’s Men”
Was one of the largest group of actors at the time
The Globe Theatre
The Globe is located on the edge of London
On Southwark Street
The Globe is near the Thames River
The Globe Theatre – Shakespeare’s Most Successful Financial Venture
Called the “Wooden O”
because of its eight sided
shape.
Ticket Prices:
1 pence – to stand by the
stage
2 pences – to sit around the stage
walls
No curtains or set pieces
The orchestra stood on the balcony of the stage.
The penny pit was the area
on the ground in
which peasants
would stand to see the
play
The Globe - built in 1599.
Open-air amphitheatre, with three tiers of galleries, a covered stage, and a thatched roof.
The first Globe burned down in 1611, when its thatch caught fire during a performance.
The second Globe was built on the foundations of the
first but given a tiled roof.
It could accommodate an audience of 3,000.
Do Now:Do Now:
William Shakespeare wrote ________ William Shakespeare wrote ________ sonnets and _________ plays. He had three sonnets and _________ plays. He had three children; Susanna, __________, and children; Susanna, __________, and _________. His most famous theater was _________. His most famous theater was called The _________ theater, for its called The _________ theater, for its circular shape. Poor folk, or ___________, circular shape. Poor folk, or ___________, could pay one pence to see a play by could pay one pence to see a play by Shakespeare’s acting troupe called Shakespeare’s acting troupe called _________ __________’s Men._________ __________’s Men.
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare and the and the
Shakespearean Shakespearean SonnetSonnet
English IEnglish I
dialogue:dialogue: conversation between two or more conversation between two or more characterscharacters
monologue:monologue: a long speech by one charactera long speech by one character
soliloquy:soliloquy: an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of anyone else hearingwhen by oneself or regardless of anyone else hearing
aside:aside: a remark or passage by characters in a play a remark or passage by characters in a play intended to be heard only by the audience, not the intended to be heard only by the audience, not the other characterother character
What is a sonnet?What is a sonnet?
14 line poem written in iambic 14 line poem written in iambic pentameterpentameter
Iambic Pentameter?Iambic Pentameter?
Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and meter in which poets and playwrights meter in which poets and playwrights wrote in Elizabethan England.wrote in Elizabethan England.
QuatrainQuatrain
QuatrainsQuatrains are are four line stanzas four line stanzas of any kind of any kind
Rhyming Pattern/ Rhyme Rhyming Pattern/ Rhyme SchemeScheme
The The Shakespearean Shakespearean sonnetsonnet has three has three quatrains followed quatrains followed by a couplet, the by a couplet, the scheme being: scheme being: abab cdcd efef abab cdcd efef gggg. .
Sonnet 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Sonnet 130Sonnet 130My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips' red; Coral is far more red than her lips' red;
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
I have seen roses damasked, red and white,I have seen roses damasked, red and white,
But no such roses see I in her cheeks; But no such roses see I in her cheeks;
And in some perfumes is there more delight And in some perfumes is there more delight
Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.
I love to hear her speak, yet well I know I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound; That music hath a far more pleasing sound;
I grant I never saw a goddess go; I grant I never saw a goddess go;
My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. My mistress when she walks treads on the ground.
And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare
As any she belied with false compare.As any she belied with false compare.
Iambic Pentameter?Iambic Pentameter?
Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and Iambic Pentameter is the rhythm and meter in which poets and playwrights meter in which poets and playwrights wrote in Elizabethan England.wrote in Elizabethan England.
Iambic…Iambic…
Quite simply, it Quite simply, it sounds like this: dee sounds like this: dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM, dee DUM. It consists of a DUM. It consists of a line of line of fivefive iambic iambic feet, ten syllables feet, ten syllables with five unstressed with five unstressed and five stressed and five stressed syllables. syllables. It is the It is the rhythm of the rhythm of the human heart beat. human heart beat.
Syllables? Syllables?
What is a syllable?What is a syllable?
There are three syllables (separate There are three syllables (separate sounds) in the word syllable!sounds) in the word syllable!
““But soft, what light through yonder But soft, what light through yonder window breakswindow breaks.”.”
How many syllables are there in that How many syllables are there in that quotation?quotation?
Pentameter…Pentameter… Well an ‘iamb’ is ‘dee Dum’ – it is the heart Well an ‘iamb’ is ‘dee Dum’ – it is the heart
beat.beat.
PentaPenta is from the Greek for five. is from the Greek for five. MeterMeter is really the pattern or rhythm is really the pattern or rhythm
Every set pattern is a Every set pattern is a footfoot
So, there are five iambs (So, there are five iambs (feetfeet) per line!) per line!
((IambicIambic pentapenta meter meter ))
Scan These LinesScan These Lines
I am a pirate with a wooden legI am a pirate with a wooden leg
I AM / a PI / rate WITH / a WOOD / en LEGI AM / a PI / rate WITH / a WOOD / en LEG
But soft: what light through yonder window But soft: what light through yonder window breaks?breaks?
Sonnet 116Sonnet 116Let me not to the marriage of true mindsLet me not to the marriage of true mindsAdmit impediments. Love is not loveAdmit impediments. Love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds, Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove:Or bends with the remover to remove:O no! it is an ever-fixed markO no! it is an ever-fixed markThat looks on tempests and is never shaken; That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark, It is the star to every wandering bark, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeksLove's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeksWithin his bending sickle's compass come:Within his bending sickle's compass come:Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
If this be error and upon me proved, If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved. I never writ, nor no man ever loved.
Shakespeare’s Writings Histories 2 Henry VI 3 Henry VI 1 Henry VI Richard III Richard II King John 1 Henry IV 2 Henry IV Henry V Henry VIII
Tragedies Titus Andronicus Romeo and Juliet Julius Caesar Hamlet Othello Timon of Athens King Lear Macbeth Antony and Cleopatra Coriolanus
Comedies The Two Gentlemen of Verona The Taming of the Shrew The Comedy of Errors Love's Labour's Lost A Midsummer Night's Dream The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor Much Ado About Nothing As You Like It Twelfth Night Troilus and Cressida Measure for Measure All's Well That Ends Well Pericles Prince of Tyre The Winter's Tale Cymbeline The Tempest
PoetryVenus and Adonis The Rape of Lucrece Sonnets `A Lover's Complaint' The Passionate Pilgrim The Phoenix and The Turtle
Romeo
and
Juliet
Prologue Establishes the setting Introduces main characters Explains background Introduces character’s main conflict Spoken by the chorus If the audience does not like the story, they
may leave and get their money back.
Prologue: Romeo and JulietPrologue: Romeo and Juliet [[EnterEnter] CHORUS. ] CHORUS. ChorusChorus
1 Two households, both alike in dignity, 1 Two households, both alike in dignity, 2 In fair Verona, where we lay our scene, 2 In fair Verona, where we lay our scene, 3 From ancient grudge break to new mutiny, 3 From ancient grudge break to new mutiny, 4 Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. 4 Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. 5 From forth the fatal loins of these two foes 5 From forth the fatal loins of these two foes 6 A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life; 6 A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life; 7 Whose misadventured piteous overthrows 7 Whose misadventured piteous overthrows 8 Do with their death bury their parents' strife. 8 Do with their death bury their parents' strife. 9 The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love, 9 The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love, 10 And the continuance of their parents' rage, 10 And the continuance of their parents' rage, 11 Which, but their children's end, nought could 11 Which, but their children's end, nought could remove, remove, 12 Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage; 12 Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage; 13 The which if you with patient ears attend, 13 The which if you with patient ears attend, 14 What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend. 14 What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend.
[[Exit.Exit.] ]
Do Now: What are your thoughts and feelings
about love and marriage? You will have a few minutes to write out your thoughts in your notebook. We will quickly discuss your thoughts and I will share and offer answers aloud.
