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DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

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Page 1: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

DO NOW•What characteristics make someone/character a hero?•What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Page 2: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?
Page 3: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Alliance of Caesar, Crassus, & Pompey

Lasted from 60 B.C.E. – 53 B.C.E.

Combines the abilities of 3 powerful men:

Caesar: enormous popularity and great legal reputation

Crassus: great wealth and influence within the Equestrian order

Pompey: great spectacular wealth and military reputation

Page 4: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?
Page 5: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Pompey thinks that Caesar’s popularity will make him consul

Tells Caesar to disband his army & report home

Caesar agreed to resign if Pompey did also

The Senate demands he immediately disband his army & return home

Page 6: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Caesar denies the request and Caesar denies the request and marches his army across the marches his army across the Rubicon RiverRubicon River

This is a sign of warThis is a sign of war

Caesar has committed treason Caesar has committed treason by crossing the Rubicon with his by crossing the Rubicon with his armyarmy

““Ilia iacta est.” (“The die has Ilia iacta est.” (“The die has been cast.”)been cast.”)

Page 7: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Pompey & the Senate’s legions fight Caesar’s in Greece

Pompey is defeated and flees to Egypt

Caesar’s men find him and kill him

Caesar continues on toward Egypt

Page 8: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Caesar defeated Ptolemy's army

Makes Cleopatra the ruling pharaoh

Falls in love with her and she gives birth to his son, Caesarion

Page 9: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Caesar returns to Rome & is elected dictator for life

Helps the poor get jobs

Expands Rome’s territory

Increases soldier’s salaries

Creates the Julian Calendar

Page 10: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

The Senate is upset The Senate is upset about how about how much power he hasmuch power he has

Caesar sees an oracle Caesar sees an oracle who tells him “Beware who tells him “Beware of the Ides of March” of the Ides of March”

Caesar is stabbed 23 Caesar is stabbed 23 times by his closest times by his closest friends, Brutus and friends, Brutus and Cassius Cassius

“…“…et tu, Brute?”et tu, Brute?”

Page 11: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Assassination of Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.E.) in Roman Senate. Painting (19th century), by Vincenzo Camuccini.

Page 12: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Caesar’s friend Mark Caesar’s friend Mark Antony, adopted son Antony, adopted son Octavian, & the Octavian, & the politician Lepidus politician Lepidus Form the Second Form the Second TriumvirateTriumvirate

But then they turn on But then they turn on each other and each other and Octavian defeats Marc Octavian defeats Marc AntonyAntony

Octavian becomes the Octavian becomes the first Roman Emperor first Roman Emperor and changes his name and changes his name to Caesar Augustus to Caesar Augustus

Page 13: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Antony also met and fell Antony also met and fell in love with Cleopatrain love with Cleopatra

They had several They had several children togetherchildren together

When Antony When Antony realized he was realized he was defeated he defeated he committed suicidecommitted suicide

Cleopatra killed Cleopatra killed herself soon afterherself soon after

Page 14: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

Writing Assignment•Write an obituary for

Caesar that could have been read at his funeral. Include information on:–His accomplishments–How he died –Surviving family–The effect of his death on society

Page 15: DO NOW What characteristics make someone/character a hero? What characteristics make someone/character a villain?

EXIT TICKET•Who would you consider the heroes in this story and who are the villains? •Explain your reasoning for both sides.