Do-Now

Take out your homework.

Use page 2 to contribute to the flow charts on the board.

Leave the packets on your desk open to page 3 so that we can check to see it is not completed.

Wednesday, April 1st

Agenda• Do-Now• Homework Quiz• Intro to Manifest Destiny with questions

HomeworkFinish Manifest Destiny Questions

Do-NowDo-Now

• What does the word “Destiny” mean?

• Do you think that as Americans today we have a sense of destiny for our country? Why or why not? Where are we headed as a nation?

Intro To Manifest DestinyIntro To Manifest Destiny

1. What is Manifest Destiny?

2. What are some of the reasons why Americans went west?

3. Who is James K. Polk?

4. How did he lead the way toward America’s Manifest Destiny?

5. What overall effects did Manifest Destiny have on Native Americans?

6. What is the Black Hawk War?

AMERICA’S AMERICA’S MANIFEST DESTINYMANIFEST DESTINY

Expanding our borders Expanding our borders from sea to shining seafrom sea to shining sea

A Period of ExpansionA Period of Expansion Expansion Fever hits [again] in 1840’s

– Americans were moving west, energized by a belief in the

rightful expansion of the US from coast to coast

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny-

The 19th century belief that the US was destined to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territory– America should become a vast republic, spreading the blessings

of democracy and civilization across the continent– Many believed westward and southward expansion was

destined and ordained by God– This concept was used to justify settling westward lands

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

The actual term came from the editor of the United States Magazine & Democratic Review.

He reported the Annexation of TX (1845) as :

“the fulfillment of our manifest destiny over spread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions.”

So, why go west?So, why go west?

Americans hit the trails to:• Escape religious persecution• Find new markets for commerce• Claim land for farming, ranching, and mining• Locate harbors on the Pacific for trade• Seek employment and avoid creditors after the

panic of 1837• Spread the virtues of democracy• Fulfill America’s “Manifest Destiny”

Who is James K. Polk?Who is James K. Polk?

November 2, 1795 - June 15, 1849

Who is James K. Polk?Who is James K. Polk?

• 11th President (1845-1849) Democrat from NC– “Dark horse candidate”– “Polk the purposeful”

• Responsible for great territorial expansion

• Led the US into war with Mexico in 1846

James K. PolkJames K. Polk

• Born in NC, lived in TN

• Democrat, a friend and firm supporter of Andrew Jackson and his policies– Aided Jackson’s war on the

National Bank

• The last Jacksonian– last “strong” president before

the Civil War

James K. Polk James K. Polk How he led the way to our Manifest DestinyHow he led the way to our Manifest Destiny

• Committed to geographic expansion• Ignored Whig objections, worked for the largest

territorial gains in the nation's history– New lands exceeded the Louisiana Purchase– He secured the Oregon Territory

• WA, OR, ID, MT, WY

– Purchased 1.2 million square miles in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (the end of the Mexican-American War)

• NM, CA, AZ, NV, CO, UT

– Completed the acquisition of most of the current continental 48 states

Polk TriviaPolk Trivia• Scholars have ranked him 8th to 12th on the list of

greatest presidents for his ability to set an agenda and achieve all of it

• Oversaw the opening of the U.S. Naval Academy, the Smithsonian, the groundbreaking for the Washington Monument, and the first postage stamps in the US

• First President to be photographed frequently in office

• First president not to seek reelection after one term

Manifest DestinyManifest DestinyEFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANSEFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANS

Westward settlements conflicted with existing Native American communities

Native Americans responded by:• Fighting• Assimilating• Ceding lands while clinging to their traditions elsewhere

The Black Hawk War• 1832, Old Northwest Territory• The Sauk and Fox tribes take a stand

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The Black Hawk War

Rebellion motivated by:• a prophecy• increasing pressure by

white settlers

The Black Hawk War – resulted in devastation for the Native Americans – August 1832, Illinois militia members slaughtered

more than 200 Sauk & Fox people

Tribes were forced to relocate west of the Mississippi– Eventually confined to reservations

Manifest DestinyManifest DestinyEFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANSEFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANS

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny EFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANSEFFECTS ON NATIVE AMERICANS

American pioneers / settlers became fearful

US government responds with a conference near Laramie, WYGoal: “To maintain good faith and friendship in all their mutual

intercourse, and to make an effective and lasting peace.”

Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851)Provided various Native American nations control of the

Central PlainsIn return they promised peaceful interaction with settlers

– US government also promised to honor boundaries and to make annual payments to the Native Americans

Terms of the treaty were repeatedly violated– Native hunting grounds were destroyed– more treaties ensue, resigning Native Americans to reservations

Intro To Manifest DestinyIntro To Manifest Destiny

1. What is Manifest Destiny?

2. What are some of the reasons why Americans went west?

3. Who is James K. Polk?

4. How did he lead the way toward America’s Manifest Destiny?

5. What overall effects did Manifest Destiny have on Native Americans?

6. What is the Black Hawk War?