Objective: To be able to pronounce and read Latin with fluency; to be able to understand the differences and similarities between English and Latin word orderDo Now:1. Take out your homework for inspection. 2. If you did not print out a copy of the homework from the website, take one

from the front desk3. Here is the NEW official website address:

1. http://magistrasnyder.weebly.com/4. Open up your textbook to pg. 15 and finish your translation for the passage

‘Rōma et Italia’ in your notebook.5. COGITATE

1. What do you notice about the word order of Latin sentences?2. What do you notice about the endings of nouns?3. What do you notice about the difference between plural and singular verbs?

IX/XIX/MMXII

HW #3- Theogony translation assignment due TOMORROW! Translate all sentences and

Macrons• All Latin vowels come in 2 types, long and short• Long vowels have a symbol known as a macron,

or long mark, which changes their sound slightly– ā = ahh as in calm– ē = ‘A’ as in pay– ī = eee as in free– ō = ‘O’ as in go – ū = ooo as in glue

Latin Alphabet and Pronunciation

• The Latin and English alphabets are almost identical with the exception of a couple letters– The Latin alphabet does NOT have the letters “j”, “u”

or “w”• The letter “i” in the Latin alphabet can act as a vowel or a

consonant• It acts as a consonant when it is the first letter of a word

(ex. iam) or when it comes between two vowels (ex. huius). When it acts as a consonant, it is pronounced “yuh”

• The letter “v” is pronounced like a “w” as in Salvē!• The letter “c” is pronounced like a “k” like in “can”

Exerceāmus!

Practice saying the following words aloud:• Salvē!• Valēte!• iamdudum• silvae• insulae

Objective: To be able to pronounce and read Latin with fluency; to be able to understand the differences and similarities between English and Latin word order

Do Now:1. Take out your homework for inspection. 2. If you did not print out a copy of the homework

from the website, take one from the front desk3. Here is the NEW official website address:

1. http://magistrasnyder.weebly.com/4. Open up your notes from yesterday and complete

your Latin vs. English word order examples

IX/XX/MMXII

HW #4- No homework! Quiz on Monday and worksheet due

Word order in English vs. Latin

Word order in Latin DOES NOT MATTER! Word order in English DOES! Whenever we translate from Latin to English, we may need to re-order words in put them back into English word order.

Latin Sentence Word Order of Parts of Speech

English Translation Word Order of Parts of Speech

Rōma est in Italiā

Italia paene est īnsula

Est America īnsula?

Italia paenīnsula est.

Subject, verb, prepositional phrase

Rome is in ItalySubject, verb, prepositional phrase

Subject, adverb, verb, noun Italy is almost an

islandSubject, verb, adverb, noun

Subject, verb, adverb, noun

Is America an island?

Verb, Subject, noun

Subject, noun, verb

Italy is a peninsula

Subject, verb, noun

Latin vs. English Word Order

• English word order is rigid. Parts of speech are in the following order:– Subject, Verb, Predicate (the rest of the sentence)– Adjectives the nouns they modify are taken together

• The bright girl reads books– subject + adjective, verb, predicate

– Adverbs can be in almost any position within a sentence• Quickly the girls read books

– Adverb, subject, verb, predicate• The girls read books quickly

– subject, verb, predicate, adverb• The girls quickly read books

– subject, adverb, verb, predicate

THEOGONY

• Est nihil in princīpiō. Nomen illō nihilō est Chaos. Chaos spontāneē advenit. – In the beginning there is nothing. The name for that

nothing is Chaos. Chaos arrives spontaneously.• Chaos est abyssus tenebrae. Ex Chaō, Terra venit.

Terra est humus et ager. Nomen Terrae est Gaia.– Chaos is an abyss of darkness. From Chaos, Terra

comes. Terra is the soil and the land. The name for Terra is Gaia.

THEOGONY

• Deinde post Terram, Tartarus apparet. Tartarus cavum sub Terrā est. Tartarus caecus et ater est. – Then after Terra, Tartarus appears. Tartarus is a pit

beneath Terra. Tartarus is dark and murky.• Erebus tenebrae in Tartarō est. Tum post Tartarum

Eros venit. Eros est amor. Eros alās aureās habet.– Erebus is the darkness in Tartarus. Then after Tartarus

Eros comes. Eros is love. Eros has golden wings.

THEOGONY

• Eros pulcher est. Tum, Gaia Ūranum prōducit. Ūranus caelum super Terrā est. – Eros is beautiful. Then, Gaia produces Uranus. Uranus

is the sky above Terra.• Terra et Ūranus multōs filiōs prōdūcunt. Sed aliī

filiī pulchrī sunt, et aliī filiī taetrī sunt.– Terra and Uranus produce many children. But some of

the children are beautiful, and other(s of the) children are ugly.

Compare these verbs…

• Terra et Ūranus multōs filiōs prōdūcunt• aliī filiī taetrī sunt

• Eros pulcher est• Tartarus apparet• Chaos spontāneē advenit

To these verbs…

PLURAL!

SINGULAR!

Plural verbs end in the letters ‘-nt’Singular verbs end in the letter ‘-t’

List all plural and singular verbs!

• Hint! There are 6 singular verbs and 2 plural verbs

SINGULAR

•est•habet•advenit•venit•apparet•prōdūcit

PLURAL

•prōdūcunt•sunt

Objective: To be able to pronounce and read Latin with fluency; to be able to understand the differences and similarities between English and Latin word orderDo Now:1. Take out your homework for inspection. 2. If you did not print out a copy of the homework from the website, take

one from the front desk3. Here is the NEW official website address:

1. http://magistrasnyder.weebly.com/4. Find the following forms:

1. Neuter plural noun: _____________2. Future tense verb: ______________3. Ablative without a preposition: ______________4. Genitive showing possession: _________________5. Vocative: __________________

IX/XIX/MMXII

HW #4- Verb synopsis

Review Translatiō

• Quondam puer parvus Pūblius prope Mantuam, oppidum Italiae, habitabat.– Once a small boy Publius used to live near Mantua, a city of

Italy.• Fīlius erat agricolae.

– He was the son of a farmer.• In agrīs Pūblius nōn labōrābat quod numquam valuit, sed

agrōs, silvās, frūmentum, et equōs amābat.– Publius used not to work in the fields because he was never

well, but he (used to) loved the fields, forests, grain, and horses.

• In lūdō multōs librōs legēbat, multās fābulās dē gloriā patriae et dē locīs clārīs Italiae audiēbat, verba sententiāsque magistrī memoriā tenēbat.– In school he used to read many books, he listened to many

stories about the glory of his fatherland and about the famous places of Italy, he held the words and opinions of his teacher in (his) memory.

• Reliquī puerī in patriā mānsērunt, sed Pūblius, nunc vir, in urbe Rōmā studia coluit.– The rest of the boys remained in the fatherland, but Publius,

now a man, cultivated his studies in the city (of) Rome.

Review Translatiō

• In Forō Rōmānō verba numquam fecit quod timidus erat et populus eum terrēbat.– He never made words (gave a speech) in the

Roman Forum because he was afraid and people used to terrify him.

• Bella armaque semper fugiēbat, concordiam ōtiumque amābat.– He always used to flee from wars and arms, he

used to love harmony and leisure.

Review Translatiō

• Agrōs et casam familiae āmīsit, sed auxiliō amīcōrum recēpit.– He lost the lands and home of his family, but he

regained (them ) with the help of his friends.• Magnam grātiam amīcīs semper habēbat.– He always had enormous gratitude for his friends.

• Amīcōs nōn multōs sed firmōs habēbat.– He did not have many friends, but (they were)

loyal.

Review Translatiō

• Tum carmina varia dē agrīs agricolīsque scrībere incēpit.– Then he began to write various poems about fields and

farmers.• Tardē scrībēbat multumque labōrābat, sed nōn multa

carmina effēcit.– He used to write slowly and used to work a lot, but he did not

finish many poems.• Posteā magnum carmen dē bellō Trōiānōrum et dē gloriā

Rōmae scrīpsit.– Finally he wrote a great song about the war of the Trojans

and about the glory of Rome.

Review Translatiō

• Audīvistisne dē Pūbliō, puerī puellaque?– Did you (all) hear about Publius, boys and girls?

• Erat Pūblius Vergilius Marō, clārus poeta Rōmānus, quī reliquōs poētās Rōmānōs superāvit.– He was Publius Vergilius Maro, famous Roman poet, who

surpassed the rest of the Roman poets.• Lēgistis legētisque fābulam pulchram Vergilī dē

Aenēā.– You (have) read and you will read Vergil’s beautiful story

about Aeneas.

Review Translatiō

Objective: To be able to complete a present tense synopsis; to be able to distinguish between active and passive voice

Do Now:1. Take out your homework for inspection. 2. If you did not print out a copy of the homework from

the website, take one from the front desk3. Here is the NEW official website address:

1. http://magistrasnyder.weebly.com/4. What is the difference between the two verbs lēgistis

and legētis in the last line of your Review Translatio?5. Begin to fill out your Present Tense Formation handout

IX/XXI/MMXII

HW #4- QUIZ: Translatio review and verb quiz Monday

1st person singular, laudō (1) – to praise

Present FutureFuture Perfect

Pluperfect Perfect

Imperfect

“I praised”

“I have praised”*

Tense Timeline

“I praise”“I am praising”

“I will praise”“I will have praised”

“I was praising”“I used to praise”“I would praise”

“I had praised”

How do we form a Present Active Verb?

PRESENT ACTIVE VOICE: Removed the -_______ from the 2nd principle part to create your Present Stem and add Present Active Endings• 1st conjugation: portō, portāre = to carry, Present Stem =

________________• 2nd conjugation: doceō, docēre = to teach, Present Stem =

_________________• 3rd conjugation (regular): ponō, ponere = to place, Present Stem =

_______________• 3rd conjugation (-io): capiō, capere = to seize, Present Stem =

___________________• 4th conjugation: audiō, audīre = to hear, Present Stem =

__________________

-re

porta-

doce--

pone--

cape--

audī--

Present Active EndingsPerson and Number Present Ending Translation

1st person singular I _____, I am _____ing2nd person singular you ______, you are

_____ ing3rd person singular he/she/it ________s, is

_______ing1st person plural we ________, we are

______ing2nd person plural you all ________, are

_______ing3rd person plural they ________, are

______ing

-ō

-s

-t

-mus-tis

-(u)nt

Present Passive EndingsPerson and Number Present Passive Endings Translation

1st person singular I am _________ed, I am being ______ed

2nd person singular you are ______ed, you are being _______ed

3rd person singular he/she/it is ____________, he/she/it is being __________ed

1st person plural we are ___________ed, we are being __________ed

2nd person plural you all are _________ed, you all are being _________ed

3rd person plural they are _________ed, they are being ________ed

-or

-ris

-tur

-mur

-minī

-ntur