Do Now:Do Now:

• Students come in Students come in quietlyquietly

• Grab your composition notebook for laterGrab your composition notebook for later

• Then begin preparing a piece of paper in Then begin preparing a piece of paper in your notebook for your notebook for Cornell Note takingCornell Note taking

Mr. PowerMr. PowerAntioch HS Nashville, TNAntioch HS Nashville, TN

Mr. PowerMr. PowerAntioch HS Nashville, TNAntioch HS Nashville, TN

Key QuestionsKey Questions

1. How do we1. How do webring the Southbring the Southback into the back into the

Union?Union?

1. How do we1. How do webring the Southbring the Southback into the back into the

Union?Union?

2. How do we 2. How do we rebuild the rebuild the

South after itsSouth after itsdestruction destruction

during the war?during the war?

2. How do we 2. How do we rebuild the rebuild the

South after itsSouth after itsdestruction destruction

during the war?during the war?

3. How do we3. How do weintegrate andintegrate andprotect newly-protect newly-emancipatedemancipated

black freedmen?black freedmen?

3. How do we3. How do weintegrate andintegrate andprotect newly-protect newly-emancipatedemancipated

black freedmen?black freedmen?

4. What branch4. What branchof governmentof governmentshould controlshould controlthe process ofthe process of

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

4. What branch4. What branchof governmentof governmentshould controlshould controlthe process ofthe process of

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

Failure of Reconstruction Video:Failure of Reconstruction Video:• http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/

rutherford-b-hayes/videos/the-failure-of-reconstruction?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

• Do Now: How did the Reconstruction Era shift Northern and Southern conflict from the battlefield to the political sphere?

• What rights did the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments grant African Americans?

13th Amendment13th Amendment Ratified in December, 1865.

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

14th Amendment14th AmendmentRatified in July, 1868.

* Provide a constitutional guarantee of the rights and security of freed people.

* Insure against neo-Confederate political power.

* Enshrine the national debt while repudiating that of the Confederacy.

Southern states would be punished for denying the right to vote to black citizens!

15th Amendment15th Amendment Ratified in 1870.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Women’s rights groups were furious that they were not granted the vote!

Freedmen’s Bureau (1865)

Freedmen’s Bureau (1865)

Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.

Many former northern abolitionists risked their lives to help southern freedmen.

Called “carpetbaggers” by white southern Democrats.

Freedmen’s Bureau Seen Through Southern Eyes

Freedmen’s Bureau Seen Through Southern Eyes

Plenty to eat and

nothing to do.

Freedmen’s Bureau School

Freedmen’s Bureau School

Slavery is Dead?Slavery is Dead?

Black CodesBlack CodesPurpose:

* Guarantee stable labor supply now that blacks were emancipated.

* Restore pre-emancipationsystem of race relations.

Forced many blacks to become sharecroppers [tenant farmers].

SharecroppingSharecropping

Major Developments in Major Developments in Tennessee During Tennessee During

Reconstruction:Reconstruction:• Because it ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, Tennessee

was the only state that seceded from the Union that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction.

• Only two or three African Americans in the Tennessee legislature during Reconstruction

• The white, elite-dominated legislature thus had the power to add more Jim Crow laws and establish state segregation with provisions that would last until the mid-20th century

Black Senate & House Delegates

Black Senate & House Delegates

Colored Rule

in the South?

Colored Rule

in the South?

Black & White Political Participation

Black & White Political Participation

Blacks in Southern PoliticsBlacks in Southern Politics Core voters were black veterans.

Blacks were politically unprepared.

Blacks could register and vote in states since 1867.

The 15th Amendment guaranteedfederal voting.

• Were African Americans free during Reconstruction? In what ways?

• What does it mean to be free?

• Based on these documents, was Reconstruction a success or failure? Use textual evidence

Do NowDo Now

• Name two failures of the Reconstruction Era that we discussed last class period.

1876 Presidential Tickets1876 Presidential Tickets

1876 Presidential Election

1876 Presidential Election

Electoral CollegeElectoral College

• In the real Electoral College system, the number of electors for each state is the number of representatives plus the number of senators. Presently, in most states, all electors vote for the candidate the majority chose. Only Nebraska and Maine choose to split their votes.

The Political Crisis of 1877

The Political Crisis of 1877

“Corrupt Bargain”Part II?

Hayes PrevailsHayes Prevails

Alas, the Woes of Childhood…

Alas, the Woes of Childhood…

Sammy Tilden—Boo-Hoo! Ruthy Hayes’s got my Presidency, and he won’t give it to me!

A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877

Results of Compromise of Results of Compromise of 1877:1877:

• Hayes said he would remove the federal troops from Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida, where they remained after the Civil War. This officially ended Reconstruction, the time of rebuilding the relationship between the North and the South. 

End of Reconstruction:End of Reconstruction:

• Jim Crow Laws and Disenfranchisement Jim Crow Laws and Disenfranchisement MethodsMethods

• http://classroomclips.org/video/785http://classroomclips.org/video/785

Pap Singleton and the Pap Singleton and the Exodusters:Exodusters:

• Former slave from TN Former slave from TN who escapedwho escaped

• Established African Established African American Settlements American Settlements in Kansasin Kansas

• Organized movement Organized movement of thousands of black of thousands of black colonists called colonists called “Exodusters”“Exodusters”

Exit Ticket: Choose 2

1) Explain how the Hayes-Tilden Presidential election of 1876 brought about the end of the Reconstruction Era

2) What were the Jim Crow laws?

3) What were the Black Codes? Give an example.