Do Now

1. Update agenda: • Prepare for Quiz on #18 & #19 (Conformity &

Group Influence)

2. Update TOC.• 4/27-28 Group Influence #19

3. Complete today’s Do Now Slip with a small group of 3-4 OR independently.

Straight to your seats.Materials out.

Take out What is Conformity?

Use your own words to express the point that Kipling makes in

this quote:

Tell why you think someone would express this message:

Agree or disagree with Milgrim’s statement and use details to defend

your opinion.

“…often it is not so much the kind

of person a man is as the kind of

situation in which he finds himself that determines how he will act."

–Stanley Milgram

Types of Conformity

• Describe a situation in which a person might use normative conformity.

• Describe a situation in which a person might use informational conformity.

• Describe a situation in which a person might use a compliance technique to conform.

• Describe a situation in which a person might use identification conformity.

Likelihood of Conformity

• Tell about two factors that increase the likelihood that a person will conform.

• Tell about two factors that decrease the likelihood that a person will conform.

CNs: Group Influence

• OBJECTIVE: Summarize four effects that groups have on individual thinking and behavior by taking and finalizing Cornell Notes.

Groups

A GROUP IS…

2+ people who interact multiple times, influence each other, and think of

themselves as “us”

I. Social Facilitation Effect

Simple Tasks

• People perform familiar tasks better when they are in the presence of other people.

Difficult Tasks

• Performing new or difficult tasks is made more difficult when other people are present.

TRIPLET’S RESEARCH: Social Facilitation Effect

• His theory: Competition enhances performance

• 40 children wind a fishing reel. • Some reeled it alone, while

others were reeled it in direct competition against another child. 

• Participants reeling in competition reeled faster than those who had reeled alone.• Triplett concluded that working

in teams improves performance.

• Perhaps due to the competition, the audience factor or the fear of looking lazy

ALLPORT’S RESEARCH: Social Facilitation EffectParticipants work on activities: multiplication, vowel

cancellation, and generating counter-arguments to ancient philosophers’ theories.

Group enhanced performance on some tasks.More counter arguments were made in the group setting but the quality of the arguments was low compared to

that of those who were working alone.

NOTICE:Everyone contributes but at a lesser quality.

II. Social Loafing

The tendency for people in a group to put less effort

into a shared task

More people involved in the group task each person

thinks they can put in a little less effort, thinking that

others will make up for their lack of effort.

How does the overall task then appear?

NOTICE:Everyone contributes but at a lesser quantity which may result in less quality

or no completion.

III. Group Think

Janus (1972)

"a deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment that

results from in-group pressures."

People overvalue cohesiveness of the group

and lose their ability to think independently and

make good, sound judgments.

Groupthink

• overestimating the in group we are in

• group members want to be in agreement, which results in closed-mindedness

• leads to decisions that are not always good

• Examples: • Riots & Mob Mentality• Mass Suicide• Heaven's Gate• In group:

• Agreements:

• Decisions:

IV. De-individuationANONYMITY + DIFFUSED RESPONSIBILY + GROUP SIZE

People become less of an individual and more anonymous.

They feel less responsible for their actions.

Loss of some self-awareness and self-restraint when in groups.

Larger groups lead to more de-individuation.

Diener et al gave trick-or-treaters the opportunity steal candy. When in groups and sure of their anonymity, the

stealing went up three times.

Connect and Recapitulate

• When have you experienced or witnessed each of the effects that groups have on the individual?

• Track your thoughts and recollections in the right margin.

• Ex: Social Facilitation Effect…Playing California Speed- I lost once and then three more times in a row. Once I figured out how to play and won once, then I was able to tie overall and won a final time.

Review by Finalizing Your Notes

• Highlight key concepts

• Create HLQs in the left margin

• Develop a strong summary that captures each concept.• Overall, groups make

people…

• Groups lead to…