DO NOW 1. Get out your measuring homework 2. Put all signed paperwork in the bin. 3. Estimate the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder pictured below. Examine the two types of cookies on the next slide. Answer the following: - Which cookie would you eat first: A or B? - List at least 2 reasons why you would eat that cookie first. WHICH WOULD YOU PREFER? COOKIE A COOKIE B Steps of the Scientific Method 1. Observation Steps of the Scientific Method 2. Question Steps of the Scientific Method 3. Research Steps of the Scientific Method 4. Hypothesis -Proposed answer to a scientific question. Steps of the Scientific Method 5. Experiment Steps of the Scientific Method 6. Analyze Data Steps of the Scientific Method 7. Conclusion Data supports or does not support the hypothesis! PROVE Cookie Lab! Variables Types of Variables: Independent Definition: what is changed by the scientist (experimenter) HINT: THATS YOU! Types of Variables: Independent Definition: what is changed by the scientist (experimenter) Explanation: What is tested? What is manipulated? Types of Variables: Dependent Definition: what might be affected by the change Types of Variables: Dependent Definition: what might be affected by the change Explanation: What is observed? What is measured? The data collected during the investigation Types of Variables: Constant Definition: something that is not changed but remains the same throughout Explanation: How we know the changes are due to the independent variable and not something else. Control Group Definition: Standard of comparison. Explanation: - Compare the experimental group(s) to the control group. * Usually does not have independent variable. Lets Practice!!!!!! Example #1 Students of different ages were given the same jigsaw puzzle to put together. They were timed to see how long it took to finish the puzzle. Identify: Dependent variable: Independent variable: Constant: Dependent Variable: Time: How long it took the students to put it together Independent Variable: Ages of the Students Constant: Same Puzzle Example #2 An investigation was done to see how different fertilizers would affect plant growth Identify: Dependent variable: Independent variable: Control Group: Dependent Variable: Plant Growth Independent Variable: Fertilizers Controlled group: Same plant, same location, etc. BUT no fertilizer added Example #3 An investigation was done with an electromagnetic system made from a battery and wire wrapped around a nail. Different sizes of nails were used. The number of paper clips the electromagnet could pick up was measured. Identify: Dependent variable: Independent variable: Constant: Dependent Variable: Number of paper clips picked up Independent Variable: Size of nails Constant: Battery, wire, type of nail, etc Example #4 The higher the temperature of water, the faster an egg will boil. Identify: Dependent variable: Independent variable: Constant: Dependent Variable: Time to cook an egg Independent Variable: Temperature of water Control Group: Egg that was never cooked Example #5 The temperature of water was measured at different depths of a pond. Identify: Dependent variable: Independent variable: Constant : Dependent Variable: Temperature Independent Variable: Depth of water Constants: Pond measured, thermometer, time of day Hypothesis Practice Suzie observed that plants need sunlight, water and soil to grow. Suzies Research Question: What amount of water makes a peace lily plant grow the tallest in two weeks? Suzies Hypothesis: If the plants are watered different amounts, then the plant watered everyday will grow the tallest in two weeks. Practice: Write hypothesis for the scenarios below 1.Mai observed that leaving fruit on the counter for a few days attracted fruit flies. 2.Ali went to the park and noticed that the kids playing basketball did not make all of their shots. 3. Noah cooked some pasta and noticed that the noodles got soft after cooking.