DO NOW 1-6-15Directions: Write the question and answer.1. The consumers at the top of the food pyramid have much

less energy available to support them than those closer to the bottom. What causes this to occur?

A. Energy at each level decreases as it is used by organisms at that level.

B. Tertiary consumers eat all the producers in the pyramid.C. Tertiary consumers eat all the primary consumers in the

pyramid.D. Energy at each level is hidden by animals that occupy that

level.2. An abundance of ___________ is important in the

stability of an energy pyramid.A. producers B. 1st level consumers C. carnivores D. 2nd level consumers

DO NOW 1-7-15Directions: Write the question and answer. 1. A compound is organic if the carbon is bonded to at

least one _____.a. hydrogen b. phosphorousc. oxygen d. sulfur2. Organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, and

other elements such as –A. aluminum and nickel B. sodium and chlorineC. nitrogen and sulfur D. magnesium and

calcium

DO NOW 1-8-151. Which formula represents an organic compound?A. NH3 B. H2O C. C6 H12O6 D. AgNO3

2. The compounds carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) both contains carbon atoms, but carbon dioxide is not an organic compound. Why?

A. organic compounds do not include oxygen elementsB. organic compounds cannot be gasesC. organic compounds are only found in nonliving thingsD. organic compounds must have carbon and hydrogen

atoms bonded together

Organic Organic CompoundsCompounds

By: Sabin Thomas

EQ

•What elements are common in our body?

What is an element and compound?

• An element is made up of one kind of atom and is represented by the symbol for the atom (EXAMPLE: O is the symbol for the element oxygen)

• A compound is made of two or more kinds of atoms (EXAMPLE: H2O is the chemical formula for water)

MISCONCEPTION NOTE!!• Not all elements have one letter for a symbol.

Some elements have two-letter symbols, but the second letter will always be lower-case

For ex: Fe is the symbol for iron Ca is the symbol for calcium• When a compound is made, the number of

capital letters will tell you how many elements make it up.

For ex. CO2 – has 2 element, carbon and oxygenNaCl – has 2 elements, sodium and chlorineCaCO3 – has 3 elements, calcium, carbon, and

oxygen

What does “organic” mean?

• In the non-science world “organic” means something made from nature

• In chemistry, “organic” means a carbon containing compound whose behavior and characteristics are a direct result of the flexibility of the carbon atom

Organic Compound

• Organic compounds are chemical compounds made of carbon and made of carbon and hydrogen atomshydrogen atoms, and can include oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, or sulfur.

• Ex. C6H6 – Benzene C8H10N4O2 – Cholesterol C10H12N3O3PS2 - Azinphos-methyl

Think-Pair-Share

• Where are organic compounds found?

• Organic compounds are found in living or once living organisms

Why is carbon so basic to life?• The reason is carbon’s ability to form

stable bonds with many elements, including itself. This property allows carbon to form a huge variety of very large and complex molecules.

DOL 1-6-15• 1. What is a compound made of ?• A. one element B. two or more elements• C. One compound D. two or more compounds

• Identify which is an element or compound• 2. O2

• 3. Co• 4. C8H10N4O2 • 5. MgO

DOL 1-6-151. What is a compound made of ?A.one elementB. two or more elementsC. One compound D. two or more compounds2. What makes a compound organic? A. hydrogen and oxygen B. oxygen and carbonC. carbon and hydrogen D. carbon and silver3. Where are organic compounds found in nature?A.In non-living thingsB.In metalsC.In living or once living thingsD.All of the above

Types of Organic Compounds

The millions of organic compounds can be grouped into just four major types:•Proteins•Nucleic Acids•Carbohydrates•LipidsALL OF WHICH ARE FOUND IN LIVING ALL OF WHICH ARE FOUND IN LIVING THINGS!!THINGS!!

Proteins• Are made up of carboncarbon, hydrogenhydrogen, oxygenoxygen,

nitrogen,nitrogen, and sometimes sulfursulfur atoms• Are most abundant organic compounds in

living cells• Are essential in building and repairing body

cells and tissues• Some foods including fish, eggs, meat, nuts,

and beans are high in protein

Nucleic Acids• Are mostly made of carboncarbon,

hydrogenhydrogen, oxygenoxygen, nitrogennitrogen, and phosphorousphosphorous atom

• The two kinds of nucleic acids are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

• DNA is the genetic material that carries information about an organism.

• RNA is important for making proteins.

Carbohydrates• Consists mostly of carboncarbon,

hydrogenhydrogen, and oxygenoxygen atoms where the proportion of H atoms to O atoms is 2:1.

• Are the chief energy sources in all organisms

• Provides raw fuel for muscles and organs

• A lot of food that comes from plants have starches in them. Your body breaks down the starches into a sugar that your cells can use for energy.

Lipids• They are made of mostly

carboncarbon and hydrogenhydrogen atoms

• Includes fats and fat molecules

• Come from a combination of glycerol and fatty acids

• Stores energy• Insulators to protect from

cold• Fatty acids – come from

nuts, meat, and milk

Elements Found in Organic Compounds

Use the following acronym to remember the elements found in organic compounds:

N-CHOPSNNitrogenCCarbonHHydrogenOOxygenPPhosphorousSSulfur

Can you identify the Organic Compounds from this list?

1. C6H8O6 – Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C)2. CO2 – Carbon Dioxide3. HCl – Hydrochloric Acid4. C8H10N4O2 – Caffeine5. C27H46O – Cholesterol 6. H2O2 – Hydrogen peroxide7. C19H19N7O6 – Folic Acid (Vitamin M)8. C6H12O6 – Glucose9. MgO – magnesium oxide10. O3 – Ozone11. C13H18O2 – Ibuprofen12. C20H30O – Retinol (Vitamin A)

The Organic Compounds Are…1. C6H8O6 – Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C)2. CO2 – Carbon Dioxide3. HCl – Hydrochloric Acid4. C8H10N4O2 – Caffeine5. C27H46O – Cholesterol 6. H2O2 – Hydrogen peroxide7. C19H19N7O6 – Folic Acid (Vitamin M)8. C6H12O6 – Glucose9. MgO – magnesium oxide10. O3 – Ozone11. C13H18O2 – Ibuprofen12. C20H30O – Retinol (Vitamin A)

DOL 1-7-141. KOH – Potassium Hydroxide2. NaCl – Sodium Chloride (table salt)3. C19H28O2 – Testosterone4. CH4N2O – Urea5. H20 – Water6. C12H22O11 – Sucrose (table sugar)7. CO – carbon monoxide

The Organic Compounds Are…1. KOH – Potassium Hydroxide2. NaCl – Sodium Chloride (table salt)3. C19H28O2 – Testosterone4. CH4N2O – Urea5. H20 – Water6. C12H22O11 – Sucrose (table sugar)7. CO – carbon monoxide