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1. Base your answer to the following question on the choices below.

(A) Glycolysis(B) Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)(C) Calvin Cycle (light independentreactions of photosynthesis)(D) Light dependent reactions ofphotosynthesis(E) Oxidative phosphorylation

Process in which water molecules are decomposed inoxidation-reduction reactions

A) prepare oxygen for eventual incorporation into glucoseB) produce of NADPH by substrate-level phosphorylationC) produce of ADP by chemiosmosisD) pump hydrogen ions into the inner cristae space for later

generation of ATP by chemiosmosisE) pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space for later generation

of ATP by chemiosmosis

2. The function of the electron transport proteins in the thylakoidmembranes is to

A) ATP B) NADPHC) Oxaloacetic acid D) RubiscoE) RuBP

3. Which of the following compounds is NOT found in the Calvin cycle?

A) ATP and NAD+ B) ATP and NADPHC) ADP and H2O D) Sugar and O2

E) H2O and ATP

4. During photosynthesis, energized photosystems embedded in thethylakoid membranes of chloroplasts produce which of the following?

A) Sunlight B) NADPH and ADPC) O2 and CH2O D) Electrons and ATPE) NADP+ and CO2

5. Which materials are utilized during the Calvin cycle in order to reducefixed carbon to carbohydrate?

A) Oxygen B) Light C) NADPH D) ATP E) CO2

6. The proton gradient created across the thylakoid membrane dependsgreatly on which of the following as its source of power?

A) carbon dioxide does not enter the leaf and water vapor does notleave the leaf.

B) photosynthesis occurs and the leaf conserves water.C) gas exchange and water loss occurs.D) the guard cells surrounding the stomata are turgid.E) carbon dioxide enters the leaf and water leaves the leaf.

7. When the stomata are closed at night,

A) Temperature B) Time of dayC) Respiration rate D) SalinityE) Photosynthesis rate

8. The amount of dissolved oxygen in water depends on all of thefollowing EXCEPT

A) ATPase B) CO2

C) H+ D) O2

E) light energy

9. In the light reaction, NADP is reduced by

A) H2O B) CO2 C) Glucose D) NADP E) O2

10. Which of the following is produced in the light reaction?

A) oxygen is released as a by-product of the redox reactionsB) chlorophyll pigments absorb green lightC) the majority of chemical reactions take place in the thylakoid

disks, which are located in the ribosomeD) RuBP combines with carbon dioxide to make a six-carbon

moleculeE) PGAL diffuses out of the chloroplast and produces substances

such as sucrose and starch

11. During photolysis, the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis,

A) across the chloroplast membraneB) across the plasma membraneC) across the thylakoid membraneD) within the grana onlyE) within the stroma only

12. Chemiosmosis in photosynthesis occurs

A) produce gametes by the process of mitosisB) produce carbon dioxide and water as metabolic wastesC) are able to obtain complex organic materials from the

environmentD) are able to synthesize organic molecules from inorganic raw

materials

13. Maple trees and tulips are classified as autotrophs because they both

A) glucose and oxygen B) glucose and nitrogenC) polypeptide and oxygen D) polypeptide and nitrogen

14. Photosynthesis transforms molecules of water and carbon dioxide intomolecules of

A) A and B combine to produce C and D.B) B and C combine to produce A and D.C) C and D combine to produce A and B.D) A and C combine to produce B and D.

15. The chart below lists substances involved in the process ofphotosynthesis.

Which statement best describes how these substances interact inphotosynthesis?

A) nucleus B) vacuolesC) mitochondria D) chloroplasts

16. An enzyme known as rubisco enables plants use large amounts ofcarbon dioxide. This enzyme is most likely active in the

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A) (1) B) (2) C) (3) D) (4)

17. A biological process that occurs in plants is represented below.

Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process?

A) chlorophyll B) nitrogenC) carbon dioxide D) oxygen

18. The diagram below represents part of a life process in a leafchloroplast.

If the process illustrated in the diagram is interrupted by a chemicalat point X, there would be an immediate effect on the release of

A) chemical energy in the bonds of inorganic moleculesB) chemical energy in the bonds of organic moleculesC) enzymes used to produce inorganic moleculesD) enzymes used to produce organic molecules

19. During the process of photosynthesis, energy from the Sun isconverted into

A) ATP B) CO2 C) PGAL D) O2

20. The synthesis of carbohydrates occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts.This process uses energy supplied by

A) Light is needed for the process of reproduction.B) Glucose is not synthesized by plants in the dark.C) Protein synthesis takes place in leaves.D) Plants need fertilizers for proper growth.

21. An experimental setup is shown below.

Which hypothesis would most likely be tested using this setup?

Base your answers to questions 22 through 24 on the choices below.

(A) Stroma(B) Grana(C) Photolysis(D) Chlorophyll a(E) Rubisco

22. Catalyzes a reaction in which CO2 and a 5-carbon molecule combine tomake an unstable 6-carbon molecule

23. Structures that look like stacks of coins

24. Contains enzymes of the carbon-fixing reactions

A) cellular respiration B) asexual reproductionC) active transport D) autotrophic nutrition

25.Which process usually uses carbon dioxide molecules?

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A) Increased use of starch in root cells B) Increased concentration of glucose in leaf cellsC) Decreased ATP in root cells D) Decreased concentration of oxygen in leaf cells

26.Which phrase, if placed in box X, would correctly complete the flowchart shown below?

A) red B) orange C) blue D) green

27. In the setup shown below, which color light will cause the plant toproduce the smallest number of gas bubbles?

A) cell membrane B) vacuoleC) ribosome D) nucleus

28. The diagram below which represents a cross section of a leaf of agreen plant, showing an opening (stomate) in the lower surface.

A stomate in the lower surface of the leaf has a function mostsimilar to the function of which cell structure?

A) require carbon dioxide for cellular respirationB) release oxygen as a product of cellular respirationC) synthesize nutrients using carbon dioxide and waterD) break down sugars to assemble other molecules

29. Autotrophs differ from heterotrophs in that only autotrophs

A) row A, only B) row B, onlyC) rows A and B D) rows A and C

30. The chart below contains both autotrophic and heterotrophicorganisms.

Organisms that carry out only heterotrophic nutrition are found in

A) Neither leaf contains starch.B) Both leaves contain the same amount of starch.C) Leaf A contains more starch than leaf B.D) Leaf B contains more starch than leaf A.

31. Which statement best describes the starch, a type of carbohydrate,content of two leaves taken from the same plant shown in the chartbelow?

A) protein B) fat C) DNA D) glucose

32. In the transfer of energy from the Sun to ecosystems, whichmolecule is one of the first to store this energy?

A) photochemical reactions B) cellular respirationC) dehydration synthesis D) alcoholic fermentation

33. Most of the oxygen gas present in the atmosphere is produced as aresult of

A) oxygen release B) water absorptionC) PGAL synthesis D) glucose formation

34. In the photosynthetic reaction, which event normally occurs beforethe other three?

A) fermentation B) photosynthesisC) oxidation of glucose D) hydrolysis of nutrients

35. Which process is represented by the arrow in the diagram below?

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36. Base your answer to the following question on the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology.

A student conducts an experiment to determine how the amount of light affects the rate of oxygen production in a plant.The graph represents the rate of oxygen produced for one trial, X, in the experiment. By the end of the experiment, the planthad not reached maximum oxygen production.

The diagram above represents a cell from the plant being used in the study. Draw an arrow to a cell structure directly responsiblefor oxygen production in this cell. The tip of the arrow must touch the cell structure.

Base your answers to questions 37 through 39 on the diagram below. The diagram represents plant photosynthetic activities takingplace in a "food factory."

A) RNA B) glucose C) alcohol D) auxin

37. Which substance is most likely represented by letter B?

A) oxygen B) nitrogen C) methane D) carbon dioxide

38. Which gas is represented by letter A?

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A) enzymes necessary for fermentation B) structural components known as granaC) enzymes necessary for carbon-fixation reactions D) structural components known as mitochondria

39. The chemical synthesis area most likely contains

Base your answers to questions 40 and 41 on the diagram below, which is a concept map that shows the relationship betweenphotosynthesis and respiration, and on your knowledge of biology.

A) water B) oxygen C) glucose D) hydrogen

40. Which molecule belongs in area Y?

A) lactic acid B) carbon dioxide C) water D) oxygen

41. Which molecule belongs in area X?

Base your answers to questions 42 and 43 on the diagram below, which represents some metabolic activities in a chloroplast, and onyour knowledge of biology.

A) O2 B) CO2 C) PGAL D) ATP

42. Which substance acts as an immediate energy source for the reactions that occur in the part of the diagram labeled B?

A) carbon dioxide B) glucose C) oxygen D) starch

43.Which substance diffuses in the direction of arrow 1 after it is formed in the structure represented in area A?

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A) The amount of oxygen present would decrease and the amount of carbon dioxide would increase.B) The amount of glucose present would increase and ATP would no longer be available.C) The amount of carbon dioxide present would decrease and ATP would continue to be synthesized.D) The amount of oxygen present would increase and the amount of glucose available would decrease.

44. The cells of some organisms contain both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Which statement describes what would happen in thesecells if they were moved from a light environment to a dark one?

A) parasitic B) holotrophicC) holophytic D) autotrophicE) heterotrophic

45. Organisms generally referred to as plants are NOT

A) The stroma of the chloroplasts.B) The vascular bundles of the stem.C) The vacuoles of mesophyll cells.D) The cytosol of the guard cells.E) The aquaporins.

46. Where do CAM plants store the organic acids they make during thenight?

Base your answers to questions 47 through 49 on the image below.

A) carbon dioxide B) G3PC) NADP D) sucroseE) glycerin

47. The organic compound exported from the Calvin cycle is

A) oxygen B) ATPC) sucrose D) carbon dioxideE) water

48. If this plant is undergoing photorespiration, the Calvin cycle willrelease

A) Calvin cycle, glycolysis, and ATP synthesisB) Calvin cycle, electron transport chain, and photosystem IC) Photophosphorylation, photosystem I, and carbon fixationD) Carbon fixation, electron transport chain, and ATP synthesisE) Photosystem II, electron transport chain, and photosystem I

49. During photosynthesis, letter X marks the spot for which of thefollowing processes?

A) cyclic phosphorylationB) noncyclic photophosphorylationC) oxidative phosphorylationD) both a and bE) none of the above

50. The light independent reaction is part of

A) chemiosmosis B) hydrogenationC) magnesium excitation D) PGAL synthesisE) photolysis

51. All of the following photosynthetic processes must occur during theday EXCEPT

A) splits oxygen gasB) synthesizes oxygen gasC) splits waterD) synthesizes waterE) splits light with magnesium

52. Photolysis in photosynthesis

A) A only B) B onlyC) C only D) B and C onlyE) A, B and C

53. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below.

Photosynthesis in both C3 and C4 plants occurs in

A) CO2 obtained by diffusion through the upper epidermisB) CO2 obtained by diffusion regulated by guard cellsC) H2O obtained by osmosis through veinsD) O2 obtained by diffusion through veinsE) O2 obtained by diffusion regulated by guard cells

54. The gas needed for photosynthesis is

A) aerobic respiration B) anaerobic respirationC) carbon fixation D) photolysisE) the light reactions

55. Cyclic photophosphorylation takes place during

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A) In the next step of the experiment the paper should be placedin a solvent which moves up the paper by capillary action.

B) As the solvent touches the extract, each component within theextract moves at a different rate.

C) In the end, five spots should appear on the paper.D) Pigments move at different rates according to their ability to

dissolve in the solvent.E) The pigment that dissolves the best moves up the paper the

slowest.

56. In an experiment a drop of leaf extract containing five componentswas placed near the bottom of a chromatography paper. Which ofthe following statements is NOT true?

A) Gel electrophoresis B) Paper chromatographyC) Respirometer D) SphygmomanometerE) Plasmids

57. Four leaf pigments are mixed together during a laboratoryexperiment. What method would you use to separate thesecomponents?

A) Both respiration and photosynthesis use the same startingmaterials.

B) Both respiration and photosynthesis have the same product.C) The products of photosynthesis are the starting materials for

respiration, and vice versa.D) They occur in the same organelles.E) They are not related.

58. How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related in plants?

59. Base your answer to the following question on the 5 lettered headingslisted below. Select the single heading that most directly applies tothe subsequent statement. Each heading may be used once, morethan once, or not at all within its group.

(A) C3(B) C4(C) CAM(D) Photosystem I(E) Photosystem II

Uses the Calvin Cycle for the initial steps that incorporate carbondioxide into 4-C compounds. The first stable intermediate is a 3-Ccompound.

A) nucleic acid B) proteinC) glycocalyx D) triglycerideE) phospholipid

60. ATP synthase in the inner mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes isa

A) carbon photophosphorylationB) glycolysisC) light dependent processD) light independent processE) synthesis of ATP

61. The process of fixing carbon dioxide into carbohydrates occurs in the

A) mesophyll B) PericycleC) Cuticle D) StemE) Xylem

62. Which is the main photosynthetic tissue of plants?

A) GlucoseB) OxygenC) Carbon dioxide and waterD) Carbon dioxide and glucoseE) Nitrogen

63. Which of the following are reactants in photosynthesis?

A) The Calvin cycle in C3 plantsB) Photolysis in C3 plantsC) The ammonification stage of the nitrogen cycleD) The denitrification stage of the nitrogen cycleE) The Kreb's cycle

64. The enzyme RuBP (RuDP) carboxylase helps initiate which of thefollowing processes?

A) Green B) Blue C) Violet D) Red E) Orange

65. Chlorophyll absorbs which of the following wavelengths of light leastefficiently?

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66. Base your answer to the following question on the diagrams of organic molecules below.

This molecule is a product of photosynthesis.

Answer KeyRespiration Quest

1. D2. E

3. C

4. B

5. D

6. B

7. A

8. B

9. E

10. E

11. A

12. C

13. D

14. A

15. C

16. D

17. B

18. D

19. B

20. A

21. B

22. E23. B24. A25. D

26. B

27. D

28. A

29. C

30. A

31. D

32. D

33. A

34. B

35. B

36.

37. B

38. D

39. C

40. C

41. D

42. D

43. C

44. A

45. E

46. A

47. B

48. D

49. E

50. E

51. D

52. C

53. A

54. B

55. E

56. E

57. B

58. C

59. A60. B

61. D

62. A

63. C

64. A

65. A

66. E