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The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of chargefrom http://www.dnvgl.com, is the officially binding version.

DNV GL AS

STANDARD

DNVGL-ST-0377 Edition May 2016

Standard for shipboard lifting appliances

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FOREWORD

DNV GL standards contain requirements, principles and acceptance criteria for objects, personnel,

organisations and/or operations.

DNV GL AS May 2016

Any comments may be sent by e-mail to [email protected]

This service document has been prepared based on available knowledge, technology and/or information at the time of issuance of this

document. The use of this document by others than DNV GL is at the user's sole risk. DNV GL does not accept any liability or responsibility

for loss or damages resulting from any use of this document.

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Standard DNVGL-ST-0377. Edition May 2016 Page 3


DNV GL AS

CHANGES - CURRENT

This is a new document.

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CONTENTS

Changes - current...................................................................................................3

Section 1 General information................................................................................ 8

1.1 Introduction......................................................................................8

1.2 Services.......................................................................................... 16

1.3 Certification procedure................................................................... 18

1.4 Type of services..............................................................................20

Section 2 Documentation and certification........................................................... 22

2.1 Documentation to be submitted......................................................22

2.2 Certification.................................................................................... 23

Section 3 Materials................................................................................................26

3.1 General........................................................................................... 26

3.2 Selection of materials.....................................................................26

3.3 Manufacture and testing.................................................................28

3.4 Materials for welded components...................................................30

3.5 Materials for hydraulic cylinders.....................................................35

3.6 Forgings..........................................................................................37

3.7 Steel castings................................................................................. 39

3.8 Bolts and nuts................................................................................ 41

Section 4 Design and calculation principles.......................................................... 43

4.1 General........................................................................................... 43

4.2 Design principles............................................................................ 43

4.3 Calculation principles......................................................................50

4.4 Proof of structural safety............................................................... 56

4.5 Proof of safety against overturning................................................58

4.6 Proof of fatigue strength................................................................59

4.7 Proof of suitability for use..............................................................73

4.8 Joints.............................................................................................. 74

4.9 Special structural elements............................................................ 81

Section 5 Cranes and supporting structures......................................................... 99

5.1 General........................................................................................... 99

5.2 Cranegroups................................................................................ 100

5.3 Design loads................................................................................. 102

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5.4 Hoist load coefficients.................................................................. 108

5.5 Load combinations and partial safety factors............................... 112

5.6 Proofs........................................................................................... 117

5.7 Requirements for design and equipment...................................... 120

Section 6 Special lifting appliances and means of transport............................... 129

6.1 General......................................................................................... 129

6.2 Rope and chain hoists.................................................................. 129

6.3 Ramps and car decks....................................................................133

6.4 Lifting appliances for research work.............................................137

6.5 Industrial cargo-handling vehicles................................................138

6.6 Means of conveying persons.........................................................139

Section 7 Loose gear and interchangeable components......................................142

7.1 General......................................................................................... 1427.2 Loosegear.................................................................................... 142

7.3 Interchangeable components........................................................153

7.4 Marking of loose gear and interchangeable components...............160

7.5 Wear, damage, repair................................................................... 163

Section 8 Ropes andrope accessories................................................................ 165

8.1 General......................................................................................... 165

8.2 Wire ropes.................................................................................... 165

8.3 Fibre ropes....................................................................................171

8.4 Rope-end attachments..................................................................1738.5 Tests and examinations................................................................174

8.6 Documentation..............................................................................176

Section 9 Mechanical parts................................................................................. 178

9.1 General......................................................................................... 178

9.2 Design criteria and operational requirements...............................179

9.3 Powerdrives.................................................................................180

9.4 Slewing gears and slew rings.......................................................180

9.5 Winches........................................................................................ 182

9.6 Hydraulic systems.........................................................................1859.7 Protective measures and safety devices....................................... 187

9.8 Examination of drawings and supervision of construction............ 187

9.9 Documentation..............................................................................189

Section 10 Electrical equipment..........................................................................192

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10.1 General....................................................................................... 192

10.2 Design criteria and operational requirements.............................193

10.3 Drives and brakes.......................................................................193

10.4 Cables and lines..........................................................................195

10.5 Switches......................................................................................196

10.6 Protective measures and safety devices..................................... 197

10.7 Examination of drawings and supervision of construction...........199

10.8 Documentation............................................................................200

Section 11 Construction of steel components..................................................... 201

11.1 General....................................................................................... 201

11.2 Requirements for manufacturers................................................ 201

11.3 Design details............................................................................. 205

11.4 Types of welds............................................................................209

11.5 Workmanship and testing of weld joints.....................................214

11.6 Examination of drawings and supervision of construction...........217

11.7 Documentation............................................................................218

Section 12 Technical and operational safety requirements................................. 220

12.1 General....................................................................................... 220

12.2 Design requirements...................................................................220

12.3 Equipment...................................................................................225

12.4 Safety devices.............................................................................226

12.5 Passive protective measures.......................................................228

12.6 Stowage and lashing devices......................................................229

12.7 Operational requirements........................................................... 230

Section 13 Testing and examination of shipboard lifting appliances................... 232

13.1 General....................................................................................... 232

13.2 Supervision of construction........................................................ 233

13.3 Initial test and examination....................................................... 239

13.4 Periodic tests and examinations.................................................242

13.5 Extraordinary tests and examinations........................................ 246

13.6 Wear, damage, repair................................................................. 247

13.7 Lifting appliance documentation.................................................252

Appendix A Calculation of dynamic forces due to motions of the ship.................257

A.1 General......................................................................................... 257

A.2 Dynamic forces generated by ships and similar floating bodies.... 257

A.3 Dynamic forces due to pontoons or barges...................................260

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Appendix B Detail classification for fatigue strength analysis (FAT classes)....... 261

B.1 ..................................................................................................... 261

Appendix C Wind loads, form and sheltering coefficients....................................275

C.1 General......................................................................................... 275

C.2 Form coefficients c....................................................................... 275

C.3 Sheltering coefficients ...............................................................275

Appendix D Rigging plan.....................................................................................279

Changes historic..............................................................................................280

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SECTION 1 GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Objective

1.1.1.1 This standard provides requirements for certification and verification of lifting appliances intendedfor load handling within and outside vessel while in the harbour or in sheltered waters and within the vesselwhile at sea.

Guidance note:

For lifting appliances intended for load handling outside vessel while at open sea, and load handling onboard offshore units/

installations, see DNVGL ST 0378Standard for Offshore and Platform Lifting Appliances.

---e-n-d---o-f---g-u-i-d-a-n-c-e---n-o-t-e---

1.1.2 Scope

1.1.2.1 This standard covers the design, materials, fabrication, installation, testing and commissioning ofshipboard lifting appliances and industrial lifting appliances.

The categorization of lifting appliances is based on installation and intended function for the lifting appliance:

a) Shipboard lifting appliances:

lifting appliances on board ships intended for load handling within and outside ships while in theharbour and within ships while at sea.

b) Industrial lifting appliances:

lifting appliances onshore and offshore, not covered by a) and DNVGL ST 0378.

Guidance note:

The main purpose of the lifting appliance will define the category of the lifting appliance and relevant applicable standard.


1.1.2.2 Each lifting appliance has its separate intended functions. Examples of intended functions are, butnot limited to:

loading and discharging of ships

handling of provision, store and spare parts, cargo hoses, gangways and ammunition

handling of Suez Canal boats and search lights

conveyance of persons/personnel

handling of ramps and moveable cargo decks etc.

1.1.2.3 Requirements presented herein are minimum requirements to be satisfied, although subject toacceptance by the Society, other minimum requirements may be agreed e.g. based on new technologyavailable at the time of application for certification.

1.1.2.4 The requirements of this standard may be supplemented with additional requirements whereinstallation of specific design or assessment shows that standards that provides equivalent or higher level ofintegrity and safety are more appropriate.

1.1.2.5 The standard consists of a three level hierarchy of documents:

Sec.1and Sec.2provides principles and procedures of the Society's classification, certification, verificationand consultancy services.

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Sec.3through Sec.13provides technical provisions and acceptance criteria as well as the technical basisfor the services stated in the first two sections.

Appendices, provides proven technology and sound engineering practice as well as guidance for the higherlevel documents mentioned in this document.

1.1.2.6 This standard distinguishes between: information and description of services

requirements.

Consequently, these two subjects are separated, and the standard is divided into three parts:

Sec.1- Sec.2: General information, application, definitions and references. Description of applicableservices and relations to rules and regulation from institutions other than the Society.

Sec.3- Sec.13: Requirements and technical provisions.

Appendices.

1.1.3 Application

1.1.3.1 This standard shall be applied for certification of shipboard lifting appliances for vessels with classnotation Crane. This standard may also be applied as voluntary basis for verification and certification oflifting appliances that are not classed with the Society.

Guidance note:

The standard may also be applied to industrial cranes.


1.1.3.2 The requirements presented herein should be applied consequently from concept design through thefinal construction, including major modifications.

1.1.3.3 Specifications of the services provided by this standard are given in [1.2]and [1.4].

1.1.3.4 The standard does not apply to launching appliances for LSA, launching gear for diving equipmentand ROVs, structural parts of ramps and car decks, dredging appliances, which are no loading gear, personnel

lifts (elevators), jacks, overhead drilling equipment, fork lifts, portable hoisting gear etc.

1.1.3.5 Personnel lifting with cranes otherwise designed for lifting of loads/cargo may be covered uponagreement.

1.1.3.6 Without prejudice to [1.1.2.4], deviations from the requirements given in this standard may onlybe substituted where shown to provide an equivalent or higher level of integrity or safer than under thisstandard.

1.1.3.7 At the Societys discretion equivalent solutions and exemptions from the requirements given in thisstandard may be accepted.

1.1.3.8 In case of conflict between requirements given in this standard and a reference document, therequirements given in this standard shall prevail.

1.1.3.9 Where reference is made to codes other than the Society's documents, the valid revision shall betaken as the revision which was current at the date of issue of this standard, unless otherwise noted.

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1.1.4 Relation to the Society's other documents

1.1.4.1 For lifting appliances covered by the class notation, Crane, see RU SHIP Pt.6 Ch.5 Sec.3Permanently installed cranes Crane.

1.1.5 Definitions, abbreviations, symbols and references

1.1.5.1 AccessoriesLoad-bearing, not rigidly attached, interchangeable parts which may be integral components of liftingappliances and loose gear as well as employed individually, such as: Hooks, blocks, shackles, swivels, rings,chains, claws, clamps, pliers, load fastening ropes (slings/strops), lifting straps, etc.

1.1.5.2 Active cable tensioning system (ACT)System keeping the tension of the hoisting wire to a given set point value.

Guidance note:

A supply of external energy is required.


1.1.5.3 Active heave compensation system (AHC)System that maintains the position of the load to a given set point value.

Guidance note:

A supply of external energy is required.


1.1.5.4 Actual hook loadThe static weight of the load attached to the hook; includes the useful load lifted plus any loose gear used,such as slings, lifting beams, etc.

1.1.5.5 Additional class notations

Code used by the classification societies to confirm that a vessel possesses certain systems, equipment orfeatures covered by the classification. (Examples are HELDK, Crane, E0and F-AMC).

Guidance note:

E0means that the vessel complies with requirements for having unattended machinery space and F-AMCmeans that the vessel

complies with requirements for additional f ire protection, in this case both for accommodation, machinery space and cargo space.


1.1.5.6 Ship type notationCode used by the classification societies to define a type of vessel related to its most typical service. (Tankerfor oil, Passenger shipand Crane vesselare typical examples).

1.1.5.7 Automatic overload protection system (AOPS)A system that automatically safeguards and protects the crane against overload and over-moment duringoperation by allowing the hook to be pulled away from the crane in order to avoid significant damage.

1.1.5.8 Certificate of conformityA document attesting that a product or service is in conformity with specific standards or technicalspecifications. (ISO Certification - Principles and practice., 1980). Issued by manufacturer or vendor.

1.1.5.9 Competent person/bodyPerson or body possessing knowledge and experience required for performing thorough examination and testof lifting appliances and loose gear, and who is acceptable to the competent authority.

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1.1.5.10 Crane stiffnessCoefficient defined as the weight attached to the hook necessary to obtain a unit deflection at the hook level.

1.1.5.11 CustomerAgreement (contract) holder with the Society. Signifies the party who has requested the Societys service.

1.1.5.12 Dead loads

Dead loads are the weights of all the fixed and mobile components of lifting appliances and loose gearpermanently present during operation.

For the purpose of marking, the dead loads of loose gear are designated as weight by the ILO. The unit isspecified in tons (t) or kilograms (kg).

1.1.5.13 Designer

Signifies a party who creates documentation submitted to the Society for approval or information.

1.1.5.14 Design approvalVerifying that a design, represented by a drawing or set of drawings, is found to comply with all requirementgiven in a specified Society standard or Society regulation.

Guidance note:

In the Society's business procedures design approvals are valid for one order only. One order, however, may include a specified

number of units for specified locations/vessels.


1.1.5.15 Design approval letterWritten confirmation of a design approval.

1.1.5.16 Design assessment for type approvalExamination and acceptance of a design for type approval. The type approval will be assigned first after aprototype test also has been successfully carried out.

1.1.5.17 Design dynamic factorThe dynamic factor applied to the working load for a specific SWL

Guidance note:

For an offshore crane the design dynamic factor is normally referred to the still water condition for determining the SWL at still water.

The design dynamic factor may, however, be defined also to refer to a specified significant wave height.


1.1.5.18 Design verification report (DVR)Formalized report confirming the result of a completed design verification assignment.

1.1.5.19 Dynamic factorA variable factor representing the dynamic effects that the working load is exposed to. Also named dynamiccoefficient.

1.1.5.20 Dynamic load

The working load when subjected to (multiplied with) a dynamic factor.1.1.5.21 Dynamic load chartDiagram or table showing rated capacity depending on sea state and on radius or boom angle.

1.1.5.22 Engineered lift

Safe lift planned by qualified engineers with basis in thorough information with respect to crane capacity,crane functions and performance, rigging, crane support as well as weather and sea conditions.

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1.1.5.23 Heavy lift craneCrane with SWL above 2500 kN.

1.1.5.24 ILOInternational Labour Organization.

1.1.5.25 Inertia forces

The forces induced by change of velocity.

1.1.5.26 Inspection certificate 3.1

A document issued by the manufacturer which contains the results of all the required tests. It shall certifythat the tests have been carried out by the manufacturer on samples taken from the delivered productsdirect. Ref. EN 10204 and ISO 10474.

1.1.5.27 Inspection certificate 3.2A document prepared by both the manufacturer's authorized inspection representative, independent of themanufacturing department, and either the purchaser's authorized representative or the inspector designatedby the official regulations, and in which they declare that the products supplied are in compliance with therequirements of the order and in which test results are supplied. Ref. EN 10204 and ISO 10474.

1.1.5.28 Lifting applianceMachine or appliance used for the purpose of lifting goods and materials, or in special modes, personnel.

1.1.5.29 Lifting equipmentGeneral expression including lifting appliances, lifting gear, loose gear and other lifting attachments; usedseparately or in combination.

1.1.5.30 Lifting gearRef. alsoAccessories([1.1.5.1]) and Loose gear([1.1.5.33]).

Load carrying accessories used in combination with a lifting appliance, however, that are not necessarily apart of the permanent arrangement of the lifting appliance, such as:

attachment rings, shackles, swivels, balls, pins

sheaves, hook-blocks, hooks, load cells

loose gear.

Guidance note:

Lifting gear, considered as separate components, shall be designed and tested in accordance with the provisions for loose gear.


1.1.5.31 Load chartDiagram or table showing rated capacity depending on radius or boom angle.

1.1.5.32 Loose gear

Means by which loads can be attached to lifting appliances but which do not form part either of thelifting appliance or of the load. They include devices and steel structures such as, but not limited to:grabs, spreaders, lifting magnets, traverses, etc, as well asAccessories(ref.[1.1.5.1]) which are integralcomponents of the loose gear.

1.1.5.33 Machinery components

Rotating components transferring torque for driving/braking purpose. Examples are gearboxes, wheels andshafts.

1.1.5.34 Man riding winchDevice specially designed for hoisting/lowering of a person.

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1.1.5.35 Manual overload protection system (MOPS)System, activated by the crane operator, protecting the crane against overload and over-moment byreducing the load-carrying capacity and allowing the hook to be pulled away from the crane.

1.1.5.36 Mean time to failure (MTTF)

The mean value of service time until failure occurs.

1.1.5.37 MechanismDevices needed to cause or to stop a relative motion between two rigid parts of a crane, between the craneand its foundation, or between the crane and the lifted load. Thus motors brakes, transmission systems andsimilar components are defined as mechanisms.

1.1.5.38 Mobile deck crane

A mobile deck crane is a cable-controlled crane mounted on crawlers or rubber-tired carriers or a hydraulic-powered crane with a boom mounted on truck-type carriers or as self-propelled types.

1.1.5.39 Nominal loadNominal load is the designation for the maximum permissible useful load of lifting appliances and loose gear.

Lifting appliances and loose gear can have different nominal loads depending on varying equipment condition

or operational conditions, cable tackle systems or load radii.

1.1.5.40 OverloadLoad which exceeds the safe working load (SWL).

1.1.5.41 Over-momentLoad moment which exceeds the maximum load moment (safe working load (SWL) multiplied by radius).

1.1.5.42 Passive cable tensioning system (PCT)System keeping the tension of the hoisting wire between predefined limits, using stored energy.

1.1.5.43 Passive heave compensation system (PHC)

System that maintains the position of the load between predefined limits, using stored energy.

1.1.5.44 Probability of failure on demand (PFD)Probability of failure on demand.

1.1.5.45 Product certificate (general)A compliance document validated and signed by the issuing organization:

identifying the product that the certificate applies to

conforming compliance with the referred requirements.

It is required that:

the tests and inspection s have been performed on the certified product itself, or, on samples taken fromthe certified product itself

the tests were witnessed by a qualified representative of the organization issuing the certificate, or, his

authorized representative.

1.1.5.46 Product certificate (the Societys)

The Society's product certificate is a compliance document validated and signed by the issuing organizationand the Society's representative:

identifying the product that the certificate applies to

confirming compliance with referred requirements.

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It is required that:

the tests and inspection s have been performed on the certified product itself, or, on samples taken fromthe certified product itself

that the tests were witnessed by a qualified representative of the organization issuing the certificate andthe Society's representative, or, in accordance with special agreements.

1.1.5.47 Purchaser

Company or person who orders the lifting equipment from a manufacturer. This standard does not necessarilyrequire that the purchaser will need to have any direct relationship to or communication with the Society.

1.1.5.48 Rated capacityActual hook load that the crane is designed to lift for a given operating condition (e.g. boom configuration,reeving arrangement, off lead/side lead, heel/trim, radius, wave height, etc.).

1.1.5.49 REPRope exit point. Location on the lifting appliance where the rope is suspended - typically found at the outersheave in the crane boom tip.

1.1.5.50 Risk

Combination of the probability of occurrence (frequency) of harm and the severity (consequence) of theharm.

1.1.5.51 Risk control measure (RCM)A means of controlling a single element of risk; typically, risk control is achieved by reducing either theconsequence or the frequencies.

1.1.5.52 ROV

Remote operated vehicle.

1.1.5.53 Running riggingWire ropes passing over rope sheaves of guide rollers, or wound on winches, irrespective of whether or notthe ropes are moved under load.

1.1.5.54 Safe working load (SWL)Safe working load is the international designation for the nominal load by ILO. The abbreviation SWL is usedfor marking the lifting appliance, loose gear and accessories.

The unit of SWL is specified in tons (t) or kilograms (kg)

1.1.5.55 Significant wave height HsignAverage height of the highest one third of the individual wave heights in a short-term constant seastate,typically 3 hours.

1.1.5.56 The SocietyThe Society signifies DNVGL.

1.1.5.57 Standing riggingRopes that are not turned round or wound on to winches (e.g. guided wires, pendants, stays).

1.1.5.58 Subsea cranes

Cranes intended for handling of unmanned submersibles, for lowering to and retrieval from below sea level.

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1.1.5.59 Test reportA document signed by the manufacturer stating:

conformity with requirements given by a relevant standard

that tests are carried out on samples from the current production.

1.1.5.60 Type approvalApproval of conformity with specified requirements on the basis of systematic examination of one or morespecimens of a product representative of the production.

1.1.5.61 Type approval certificate (DNV GL)A document issued by the Society confirming compliance with specified requirements is named DNV GL TypeApproval Certificate (TA).

1.1.5.62 Useful loadUseful load is the load which may be directly lifted by the supporting component (e.g. cargo hook or grab) ofthe lifting appliance, by the lift car of a lift, by the platform of a lifting platform or by loose gear.

The useful load consists of the load to be transported and, where applicable, also of the dead load of theloose gear.

1.1.5.63 VerificationA service that signifies a confirmation through the provision of objective evidence (analysis, observation,measurement, test, records or other evidence) that specified requirements have been met.

1.1.5.64 VesselA common term for ships, craft, offshore units and offshore installations.

1.1.5.65 Working load (suspended load)Also designated Hoist load.

The static weight of the useful load lifted, plus the weight of the lifting gear. The working load is subjected toinertia forces.

1.1.5.66 Works product certificate

Reference is made to RU SHIP Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec.5 [2.5]. A document signed by the manufacturer stating: conformity with rule requirements

that tests are carried out on the certified product itself

that tests are made on samples taken from the certified product itself

that tests are witnessed and signed by a qualified department of the manufacturers.

1.1.6 Crane design types

1.1.6.1 Winch luffing crane: a crane where the boom is controlled by wire ropes through a winch.

1.1.6.2 Cylinder luffing crane: a crane where the boom is controlled by hydraulic cylinder(s).

1.1.6.3 Knuckle boom crane: a crane where the boom is hinged and the boom and knuckle angles arecontrolled by a set of hydraulic cylinders.

1.1.6.4 Derrick crane: a simple crane consisting of a vertical mast and a hinged jib. The derrick crane isprovided with devices for raising and lowering a load, luffing the jib and slewing the jib about the mast.

1.1.6.5 Overhead travelling crane: a crane which lifts the object by a trolley which normally moveshorizontally along the crane beam. The crane beam ends have wheels running on rails at high level.

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1.1.6.6 Gantry crane: a crane which lifts the object by a trolley which normally moves horizontally along thecrane beam. The crane beam is supported by vertical legs having wheels running on rails at ground level.

1.1.6.7 A-frame crane: a hinged frame intended for lifting. Hydraulic cylinders control the movement of theA-frame while a winch is fitted for hoisting and lowering the load.

1.1.7 Design temperature

1.1.7.1 Design temperature is a reference temperature used as a criterion for the selection of steel grades.

1.1.7.2 The design temperature TDfor lifting appliances is defined as the lowest acceptable servicetemperature for the crane.

1.1.7.3 For shipboard lifting appliances installed on vessels with Cranenotations, the design temperaturesof the appliances shall be compatible with the design temperature specified for the vessel/unit.

1.1.7.4 If not otherwise specified design temperature according to Table 1-1shall be applied.

Table 1-1 Design temperature for lifting appliances.

Type of Lifting Appliance Design temperature Corresponding Extreme Low Temperature

Shipboard Lifting Appliances -10C (-30C)

Engine rooms and other similar spaces with

controlled temp.+10C (0C)

1.1.8 Extreme low temperatureThe lowest temperature estimated to appear in an area with a corresponding specified design temperature.

1.2 Services

1.2.1 Introduction

1.2.1.1 This sub-section describes possible combinations of the different services offered. Furthermore,various alternatives are described for confirmation of the various services by the Society.

1.2.1.2 Figure 1-1describes the services offered and the associated documents issued by the Society toproof compliance.

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Figure 1-1 Alternatives for documentation that may be issued to Customers depending on typeand combination of services requested.

1.2.2 Regulatory basis

1.2.2.1 This standard is based on the Societys understanding and interpretation of the ILO ConventionNo.152 of 1979.

1.2.3 Acceptance by national authorities

1.2.3.1 Regulatory bodies, such as port authorities, flag administrations, shelf authorities and municipal orgovernmental health and safety authorities require that lifting appliances and loose gear shall be certified.Normally, the Society's certification in accordance with this standard will satisfy the authorities requirements.

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1.2.3.2 In cases where requirements laid down by the pertinent body exceeds the Society's requirementsdescribed in Sec.3through Sec.13. The Society may, as a voluntary service, include the additionalrequirements in the examination and confirm whether or not they are found to be fulfilled

1.3 Certification procedure

1.3.1 General

1.3.1.1 The following parts, components and systems are covered by this standard:

all load-carrying structural members and components of the lifting appliance

cargo hooks, chains, rings, blocks, sheaves, shackles, lifting beams, swivels and ropes

structural integrity of grabs, hydraulic dampers or other load transferring components

rope drums

slewing bearing including fasteners

power systems (for hoisting, derricking, slewing and travelling)

brakes and braking systems

safety equipment protection against fire

seating and fasteners for prime movers, winches and for bearings of power transmitting components

control and monitoring systems

electrical installation.

1.3.1.2 The following activities are covered by this standard:

design examination

survey during fabrication and installation

witness testing and marking.

1.3.2 Design examination

1.3.2.1 Load-carrying and other important components of a lifting appliance are subject to designexamination with respect to strength and suitability for its purpose. A design approval is granted when thedesign examination has been concluded without detection of non-compliances.

The design examination may be substituted, partly or completely, by enhanced manufacturing survey and/ortesting. In cases where the substitutions are applied for by the customer, agreements shall be made betweenthe customer and the Society regarding possible reductions of documentation to be submitted for approval/information.

Upon special agreement, the design examination may be substituted by a strength evaluation based upontesting until failure.

Strength examination of components related to power supply and safety equipment is normally not carriedout by the Society.

Guidance note:

The Societys splitting of the certification process in the sequences design approval, manufacturing survey (including installationsurvey) and testing, shall be considered as a part of the Societys internal scheme to organize its work.

The Societys reports covering the separate phases is considered internal documents, and information enabling the progress of the

certification project.

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The Societys formal documentation of the certification to the customer will be the product certificate Form 71.03a issued after

completeion of manufacturing process and full testing at the manufacturer and CG2 issued after installation and full testing onboard

in accordance with ILO152 requirements. For lifting appliances not subject to ILO 152, test report in accordance with Form OLA101

may be issued after installation and full testing onboard.


1.3.2.2 Each lifting appliance is normally given a separate design approval.

1.3.2.3 The design approval may be obtained either on a case-by-case basis or as a type approval.

The type approval means that the design as approved can be applied for identical units to be fabricated, i.e.requested documents need not be submitted for each unit.

The type approval will be based on certain conditions and its period of validity will be limited.

Reference is made to the Society's document DNVGL CP 0338Type approval scheme.

1.3.3 Survey during fabrication and installation

1.3.3.1 Normally, a survey during manufacture of each separate lifting appliance shall be carried out by the

Society's surveyor in order to ascertain compliance with the approved drawings, other requirements given inthis standard as well as general good workmanship.

1.3.3.2 As an alternative to survey during manufacture of each separate lifting appliance, modified surveyprocedures and survey arrangements may be accepted provided the manufacturer operates a quality-assurance system approved and certified by the Society. Acceptance shall be clearly formalized

1.3.3.3 After a lifting appliance has been installed on its permanent foundation, and before testing can takeplace, it shall be subjected to a survey by a surveyor of the Society.

1.3.4 Testing and marking

1.3.4.1 Components and each completed lifting appliance shall be subjected to functional testing and load-

testing as specified in Sec.13.

1.3.5 Extension of scope of work

1.3.5.1 Upon request from the customer, the scope of work may be extended beyond the subjects andaspects covered in this standard.

1.3.5.2 Extensions shall be agreed in writing. The Society may, if found necessary, require that the customerpresents reference documents for the extended scope of work, such as authority regulations, norms andstandards.

1.3.5.3 In case of disputes regarding interpretations of requirements on which extended work is based, thecustomer shall contact the publisher/owner of the requirements and obtain their written interpretation.

If the publisher/owner is not willing to interpret the disputed requirement, or an interpretation for otherreasons cannot be acquired, the respective extension of the scope of work shall be omitted.

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1.3.6 Reduced scope of work

1.3.6.1 For lifting appliances not to be installed on vessels classed by the Society upon request from andagreement with the customer, parts of the scope of work, components, systems or specific aspects or

requirements may be excluded from the scope of work specified in the standard. This will be annotated in thedocumentary evidence of the completed assignment (certificate).

1.3.6.2 The Society will not agree to limit the scope of work or parts of the suggested services if they are ofthe opinion that this may lead to hazards or unacceptable lowering of the safety standard.

1.4 Type of services

1.4.1 Basic certification

1.4.1.1 The basic requirements presented in Sec.3through Sec.13are considered to cover the requirementsgiven in the ILO Convention No.152 of 1979 specified in [1.2.2.1]. Lifting appliance and loose gear found

to comply with these basic requirements are qualified for the Society's product certification, whereupon theproduct certificate Form 71.03a may be issued based on FAT (Factory Acceptance Test) and survey. Followingsuccessful testing and survey after installation onboard, a DNVGL CG2 certificate will be issued for cranescovered by the ILO regime (cargo cranes). For cranes not covered by the ILO regime, a test report FormOLA101 will be issued by the Society following successful onboard testing. The cargo gear register (CG1 ifpublished by the Society) may be endorsed accordingly, either as ILO crane or as "other lifting appliances".

1.4.1.2 The basic requirement covers the two categories of lifting appliances a) and b) defined in [1.2.1]aswell as loose gear components allocated the same lifting appliances, as well as personnel lifting as denoted in[1.2.2].

1.4.1.3 Some details of the basic requirements given in Sec.3through Sec.13are different for the differentcategory of lifting appliance a) and b). Furthermore, some specific requirements are stated for cranes alsoused for personnel lifting.

1.4.2 Cranes included in class scope

1.4.2.1 On a voluntary basis, cranes installed on board vessels and offshore units classed with the Societymay be included in the scope of work covered by classification. In such cases the vessel/offshore unit will beassigned the additional class notation Craneor Crane(N).

In order to obtain this notation at least the main crane onboard shall have been certified in accordance withthe basic requirements given in Sec.3through Sec.13as well as having been assigned the product certificateCG2 or test report Form OLA101.

1.4.2.2 Some of the requirements given in this standard have been extended with additional detailedrequirements for cranes to be covered by classification.

1.4.3 Assignments completed before installation

1.4.3.1 Assignments completed at the manufacturers premises can be agreed. Such services are normally tobe completed with monitoring of tests at the manufacturer, (FAT-tests). Applicable reports or certificates maybe issued. See also [1.4.3.2].

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1.4.3.2 The reason for, or purpose of, such assignments may e.g. be:

completed certification of loose gear or components. The Society will normally issue the product certificateCG3 after completion of the tests.

provisional certification after FAT-test. For instance, if final destination is not decided, or if themanufacturer is producing for stock. Or the customer has requested FAT-tests and a documentaryconfirmation of the Societys service rendered until a certain point. A Manufacturing Survey Report,Certificate of Conformity may be assigned.

See also Figure 1-1.

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SECTION 2 DOCUMENTATION AND CERTIFICATION

2.1 Documentation to be submitted

2.1.1 General

2.1.1.1 The documentation necessary for verification assignments will depend on the scope of work agreed.The documentation and information requirements stated below are necessary for design approval andensuing certification.

2.1.2 Documentation requirements

2.1.2.1 Documentation shall be submitted as required by Table 2-1, as applicable for the lifting appliance.

Table 2-1 Documentation requirements

Object Document type Additional descriptionShipboard

cranes

Shipboardcranes

(class

notation)

C010 - Design criteria

Load charts and/or load tables

dynamic factors

Environment conditions

Category of crane, see definitions [1.1.2]

Particulars of brake spring performance

FI FI

C020 - Assembly or arrangementdrawing

FI FI

C030 - Detailed drawing

Crane structure and components forslewing, luffing and hoisting. Gears and

brakes for shipboard cranes are normallynot subject to approval. Drawings of gears

transmitting braking forces should contain

relevant parameters including torquecapacity.

AP AP

C040 - Design analysis FI FI

C050 - Non-destructive testing (NDT)

planFI FI

Z060 - Functional description FI FI

General

Z161 - Operation manual FI FI

Power supply Z030 - System arrangement plan

Type and maker of prime mover orspecification of other main and

emergency power supply

Including mechanical components

FI FI

E170 - Electrical schematic drawing Including cable list FI APElectric powersystem Z090 - Equipment list FI FI

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Object Document type Additional descriptionShipboard

cranes

Shipboard

cranes

(class

notation)

S011 - System diagram (P&ID) FI APS042 - Hydraulic control diagram FI AP

Z060 - Functional description FI FI

Hydraulic

power system

Z090 - Equipment list FI FI

Control and

monitoring

I200 - Control and monitoring systemdocumentation

Functional description of safety systemand the safety equipment to be included

FI AP

2.1.2.2 For general requirements for documentation, including definition of the Info codes, see RU SHIP Pt.1Ch.3 Sec.2.

2.1.2.3 For a full definition of the documentation types, see RU SHIP Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec.3.

2.1.3 Design analysis

2.1.3.1 For structural parts and components specified in [2.1.2], the drawings shall be supplemented withcalculations demonstrating that the structural strength complies with the requirements.

2.1.3.2 A complete listing of structural components and parts subjected to strength calculations shall besubmitted. The list shall include information of:

types of failures considered (excessive yielding, buckling, fatigue fracture)

method of analysis performed

permissible stress or limit state method used.

See also [4.3].

2.1.3.3 The design calculations for hydraulic cylinders shall be based on the maximum obtainable pressure(safety valve setting). Alternatively, if the maximum dynamic force applied on the crane is known, this maybe used as basis for the design calculations. In both cases different outreach positions shall be evaluated.

2.2 Certification

2.2.1 Certificate requirements

2.2.1.1 Certificates shall be issued as required by Table 2-2for Shipboard cranes.

For certificate definitions, see [1.1.5]Definitions, Abbreviations, Symbols and References.

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Table 2-2 Certificate requirements for shipboard cranes

Object Certificate

type

Issued by Certification standard* Additional description

Slewing bearings PC The Society 3.1 if maker is DNV GL approved

Hydraulic cylinders PC The Society Applicable also for accumulators

Sheaves PC ManufacturerPlastic sheaves to be deliveredwith the Society's TA and PC

Hoisting blocks PC The Society

CG3, alternatively ILO form No.

3, issued by IACS class or Flag

State administration

Hooks PC The SocietyCG3, alternatively ILO form No.3, issued by IACS class or Flag


Chains PC The Society


3, issued by IACS class or FlagState administration

Swivels PC The Society


3, issued by IACS class or Flag


Shackles PC The SocietyCG3, alternatively ILO form No.3, issued by IACS class or Flag


Wire ropes PC The Society


4, issued by IACS class or FlagState administration

Winches PC The Society

Slewing gear PC Manufacturer Works product certificate.

Transmission gears

and brakesPC Manufacturer

Works product certificate.

Applicable when transmittingbraking forces for hoisting and

luffing. For personnel handling

the Society's PC required

Hydraulic components TR Manufacturer Except mountings

*Unless otherwise specified the certification standard is this standard.

PC = Product Certificate, MC = Material Certificate, TR = Test Report

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Table 2-3 Additional certificate requirements for Crane notations

Object Certificate

type

Issued by Certification standard* Additional description

Control & monitoring

system PC The Society

EL.motors with rating

100 kW and abovePC The Society

Motor starters andfrequency conver-ters

with rating 100 kW

and above

PC, TA The SocietyThe Society's product certificatesor the Society's type approval

certificate

Slip rings, 100 kW andabove

PC The Society

*Unless otherwise specified the certification standard is this standard.

PC = Product certificate, TA = Type approval certificate, MC = Material certificate, TR = Test report

For general certification requirements, see RU SHIP Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec.4.

For a definition of the certification types, see RU SHIP Pt.1 Ch.1. Sec.4and RU SHIP Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec.5.

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SECTION 3 MATERIALS

3.1 General

3.1.1This section contains provisions for the selection, manufacture and testing as well as the specification of steelmaterials for various loading gear (including their foundations) and loose gear components. They are basedon RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.1 [3.4].

3.1.2Materials not covered by this section, see list in [3.2.1.5], are, as far as possible, to be dealt with inaccordance with the RU SHIP Pt.2, according to recognized standards or by agreement.

3.1.3

Suitable standardized steels which are not covered in Table 3-2to Table 3-4may also be used uponagreement with the Society.

3.1.4In the following, the Society's rules stated in [3.1.1]are referred to as DNV GL rules for materials andwelding.

3.2 Selection of materials

3.2.1 Selection criteria

3.2.1.1 The selection of materials shall be carried out taking all material properties into consideration, andthe Society's approval is normally effected by means of approved drawings.

3.2.1.2 When selecting materials of normal strength, high strength and extra high strength steel for thevarious lifting appliances and loose gear components, the following criteria shall be applied:

effect of the components on the mechanical strength of the assembly

type and magnitude of the load (static or dynamic loading, internal stresses in the component, stressconcentrations, direction of the stress relative to the structure of the material)

design temperature (see [4.2.3])

chemical composition and weldability

mechanical properties of the material (dimensioning of components)

toughness of the material (resistance to brittle fracture at design temperature, as verified by the notched-bar impact test)

properties of the material perpendicular to the surface of the product (resistance to lamellar fracture).

It may be appropriate to apply further criteria to the selection of materials.

3.2.1.3 For shipboard lifting appliance application at temperatures below -10C and in consideration of[4.2.3], steels shall be used which have sufficient toughness at these temperatures, as verified by thenotched-bar impact test at the prescribed temperature.

For crane pedestals and crane pedestal sub-structures refer to rules RU SHIP Pt.3 Ch.1 Sec.2 [3.5.4].

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3.2.1.4 If a component is subject to multi-axial stresses, e.g. on greater material thickness and largevolume welding connections, steels with improved properties in the direction of thickness shall be selected.

3.2.1.5 Other materials, such as stainless steels, cast steel, aluminium alloys, timber or plastics shall bechosen and used in accordance with the criteria stated in [3.2.1.2]and in consideration of their properties, as

and when applicable.

3.2.2 Categorization of components

3.2.2.1 Depending on their relevance to the overall safety of the structure, components shall be allocated tothe following 3 categories, see Table 3-1.

3.2.2.2 The categorization of components according to the criteria of Table 3-1shall take place at the designstage, and be submitted with the documents for approval.

3.2.2.3 Components not specifically mentioned in Table 3-1, shall be categorized in accordance with theloading conditions.

3.2.3 Strength categories

3.2.3.1 Materials for welded components shall be subdivided into the following strength categories on thebasis of their minimum yield strength:

normal strength materials with minimum yield strengths up to 265 N/mm2

high strength materials with minimum yield strengths over 265 N/mm2up to 420 N/mm

2

extra high strength materials with minimum yield strengths above 420 N/mm2.

Table 3-1 Categorization of components into categories of order

Category of order Component description Component1)

(examples)

1storder

Components essential for the total

safety of the structure as well as

its safe operation and which, whereapplicable, are exposed to local or

also multi-axial stresses in addition toglobal stresses.

crane jibs

crane houses

crane columns

foundations

hydraulic cylinders for lifting gear and luffing gear aswell as for telescopic crane booms

derrick heel bearing and rotary bearing

screws for slew rings

load-bearing components of loose gear

axles

winch drums

winch frames

2nd

orderComponents essential for safe

operation and functional capability.

hydraulic cylinders for slewing mechanisms

fittings

lateral wind bracings

rope-sheaves

hoisting eyes

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Category of order Component description Component1)

(examples)

3rd

order

Components subjected to low loads, or

of minor importance respectively, andwhich cannot be allocated to the 1

stor

2ndcategory of order.

cabins

stairs

platforms

reinforcements consoles

1) For fasteners such as bolts and screws the category of order of the joined components is applicable. In case ofdiffering categories of the joined components, the higher category shall be chosen.

3.2.3.2 The strength category selected for the component concerned, or the material allocated to thiscategory, shall be indicated in the documents for approval. The same applies where the material is requiredto meet special conditions.

When selecting materials, it shall be borne in mind that a decline in the mechanical characteristics shall beexpected as the product thickness increases.

3.3 Manufacture and testing

3.3.1 Requirements for materials and products

3.3.1.1 ManufacturingAll materials and products shall be manufactured in accordance with sufficiently tested procedures whichguarantee that the required properties are achieved.

3.3.1.2 Chemical composition and required propertiesAll materials and items manufactured from them which shall be categorized as 1stor 2ndorder componentsaccording to Table 3-1shall comply with the requirements given in this section or other applicable provisionswith respect to chemical composition and mechanical properties.

3.3.1.3 Supply condition and heat treatment

All products shall be supplied in the required heat-treated condition. Where the final heat treatment isonly carried out at the final manufacturer, the supply condition of the pre-material shall be appropriatelydocumented in the test certificates.

3.3.1.4 Absence of defectsMaterials and products shall not show defects which may adversely affect the use or further processing of thematerial more than insignificantly.

3.3.1.5 WeldabilityMaterials intended for the manufacture of welded constructions shall be weldable in terms of applyingcustomary workshop procedures. If welding is only possible under special conditions, the conditions shall bedetermined in consultation with the Society and verified by a weldability test.

3.3.2 Testing3.3.2.1 Chemical compositionThe chemical composition of the materials shall be verified by the manufacturer by means of heat analysis,and shall include all elements for which limit values are set in this section or in other applicable provisions, orwhich are added on as alloys in order to achieve the required mechanical properties.

In general, the manufacturer's analysis report is accepted as proof of the chemical composition.

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3.3.2.2 Mechanical and technological properties

3.3.2.2.1 When the mechanical and technological properties are tested, the general procedures and testsamples shall be in accordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.3. Test requirements and results shall bepresented in international (SI) units.

3.3.2.3 Dimensions and absence of defects

3.3.2.3.1 All products shall be checked by the manufacturer for compliance with the prescribed dimensions,surveyed in respect of possible defects and, if required, presented to the Society's surveyor.

Unless specially agreed in the following sections, the Society's surveyor will carry out a random examinationof the dimensions and the surface conditions as deemed necessary.

3.3.2.3.2 Where non-destructive tests are required for the various types of products, they shall be performedby the manufacturer in accordance with DNVGL CG 0051.

The results as well as the particulars of the test procedure shall be evaluated in accordance with recognizedacceptance criteria and attested by a certificate.

Products not complying with the requirements shall be set aside by the manufacturer.

3.3.2.4 Proof of mechanical properties

3.3.2.4.1 The results of the required tests on materials and products of 1stand 2

ndorder components shall

be attested by a certificate according to RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.2 [4.2.3], e.g. inspection certificate 3.1 asper ISO10474, if not specified otherwise in this standard.

3.3.2.4.2 The material certificates of products for components of 1stand 2

ndorder shall include specific

details on manufacturing method, composition, heat treatment, mechanical properties and marking.

3.3.2.4.3 Materials and products for 3rd

order components may be certified non-specifically by themanufacturer in accordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.2 [4.2.4], e.g. test report 2.2 as per ISO 10474.Corresponding equivalent certificates may be accepted.

3.3.2.5 Retesting

Where the certificates for materials or products are insufficient, or their identification or correlation with thetest certificates is not properly possible, the Society may ask for retests on the delivery under the Societyssupervision.

Type and scope of the tests will be determined case by case based on the rules for Materials.

3.3.2.6 Marking

3.3.2.6.1 Materials and products shall be marked by the manufacturer in such a way that a properidentification on the basis of the material certificates can be made.

Materials and products which have been tested under the Society's supervision also receive test stampsaccording to RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.2 [4.1].

3.3.2.6.2 Cast steel and forgings shall be marked with the manufacturer's stamp, an abbreviation for thecast type and a mark or code number for the melting charge (e.g. the last three digits of the melting chargenumber). Any additional markings are a matter of agreement between customer and manufacturer of thematerial.

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3.4 Materials for welded components

3.4.1 General noteThe following requirements apply to plates, profiles, bars and hollow sections, which are intended for themanufacture of welded 1

stand 2

ndorder loading gear and loose gear components.

3.4.2 Selection of materials

3.4.2.1 The criteria and provisions set out in [3.2]are applicable. Steel materials shall comply with therequirements given in [3.4.3].

3.4.2.2 Products made of aluminium or aluminium alloys shall comply with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.10or therequirements given in the relevant standards or approved material specifications, respectively.

3.4.2.3 For design temperatures TEdown to and including -10C, the normal strength, high strength andextra high strength materials set out in the Table 3-2, Table 3-3and Table 3-4can be used, taking into

consideration the thickness-related requirements for the material toughness.

Table 3-2 Suitable materials for welded components in strength category "normal strength"

Applicable product thickness for

design temperatures down to 10C

Components belonging to one of the

order categories set out in Table 3-1

Material groupDNV GL rules,

material standard

Strength class or steel

grade, respectively

1storder 2

ndorder 3

rdorder

VL-A 12.5 mm 25 mm

VL-B 25 mm 50 mm

VL-D 50 mm over 50 mm

Normal strength

hull structural steels

RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2

Sec.2 [3]

VL-E over 50 mm

no particular

provisions

Table 3-3 Suitable materials of strength category "high strength" for welded components


design temperatures down to -10C


order categories set out in Table 3-1Material group

DNV GL rules,

material standard


grade, respectively

1storder 2

ndorder 3

rdorder

VL-A27SVL-

A32VL-A36VL-A40 25 mm 50 mm

VL-D27SVL-

D32VL-D36VL-D40 50 mm over 50 mm

High strength hullstructural steels

RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2Sec.2 [4]

VL-E27SVL-E32VL-E36VL-E40

over 50 mm

no particularprovisions

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order categories set out in Table 3-1

Material groupDNV GL rules,

material standard


grade, respectively

1storder 2ndorder 3rdorder

VL-F27SVL-

F32VL-F36VL-F40over 50 mm

Table 3-4 Suitable materials of strength category "extra high strength" for welded components




order categories set out in Table 3-1Material group

DNV GL rules,

material standard


grade, respectively

1storder 2

ndorder 3

rdorder

VL-A420 / A460VL-A500 / A550VL-

A620 / A690

25 mm 50 mm

VL-D420 / D460VL-D500 / D550VL-

D620 / D690

50 mm 70 mm

VL-E420 / E460VL-

E500 / E550VL-E620 / E690

70 mm

Extra high strength

steels for weldedconstructions,hull

structural steels

RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2Sec.2 [5]

VL-F420 / F460VL-

F500 / F550VL-

F620 / F690

70 mm

by specialagreement

Table 3-5 Percentage limits for the chemical composition of other normal strength and higherstrength carbon and carbon manganese steels

C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Cu Ni Al Other

0.22 0.55 1.60 0.04 0.04 0.30 0.08 0.30 0.40 0.081

1) Nb max. 0.05%, V max. 0.10%, Ti max. 0.02%

Nb + V + Ti max. 0.12%

3.4.3 Requirements for steel materials for welded components

3.4.3.1 Production methodThe steels shall be produced in accordance with a method approved by the Society. The steels shall be fullykilled.

3.4.3.2 Chemical composition

3.4.3.2.1 For normal strength and higher strength carbon and carbon-manganese steels, the chemicalcomposition shall not exceed the maximum content given in Table 3-5in the heat analysis.

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3.4.3.2.2 For evaluation of the weldability or susceptibility to cold cracking, respectively, the carbonequivalent Cqor the Pcm-value shall be determined by the following equations:

1

The values determined by the above equations shall not exceed the values given in Table 3-6.

3.4.3.2.3 For extra high strength or alloyed steels, above strength class 460, the provisions of the Society'sapproved material specifications apply.

3.4.3.3 Delivery condition and heat treatment

3.4.3.3.1 For normal strength and high strength steels the provisions of RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [3.3]or RUSHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [4.3]apply, respectively.

3.4.3.3.2 Extra high strength steels shall be delivered in principle in a heat-treated condition or treated bya method approved by the Society, e.g. thermo-mechanically formed according to RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2[5.3].

3.4.3.3.3 For austenitic, stainless steels, the provisions of RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.3 [4]apply.

Table 3-6 Weldability requirements

Carbon equivalent [%]Strength category Strength class

general TM-rolled Pcm[%]

Normal strength 235 0.45 by special agreement

275

3150.36

355 0.38High strength

390

0.45

0.40

420 0.48 0.45

460 0.53 0.46Extra high strength

over 460 by special agreement

by special agreement

3.4.3.4 Mechanical properties

3.4.3.4.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [3.4], RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [4.4]and RUSHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [5.4]apply, as well as the requirements given in the relevant standards or approvedmaterial specifications.

3.4.3.4.2 The requirements relating to tensile strength, yield strength or 0.2% proof stress, respectively,elongation and reduction in area at fracture shall be verified by tests.

1Value for determining the preheating temperature and cold crack sensitivity

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3.4.3.5 Impact energy

3.4.3.5.1 The requirements relating to impact energy depend on the category of order of the componentunder consideration, see [3.2.2], the product thickness, the yield strength and the design temperature. Therequirements shall be determined in accordance with Table 3-7and Table 3-8.

3.4.3.5.2 Material selection shall be made based on the material specification, such that the requirementscan be met by it. For design temperatures down to 10C, the applicable product thicknesses for normalstrength, high strength and extra high strength materials are given in the Table 3-2, Table 3-3and Table 3-4.

3.4.3.5.3 The requirements relating to impact energy of steels apply similarly to components which areunwelded, tension-stressed, notched or otherwise subjected to a 3-axial stress state and shall be verified asprescribed by tests with an ISO-V-specimen.

3.4.3.6 Characteristics in direction of thicknessWhere steel plates and wide flats are required to have enhanced properties in the direction of thickness, RUSHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [6]shall be observed.

3.4.3.7 Test of surface finish and dimensions

3.4.3.7.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.2 [2.11]or the requirements given in therelevant standards or approved material specifications, respectively, apply.

Compliance with the requirements shall be confirmed by the manufacturer of the material.

3.4.3.7.2 The manufacturer shall check the products with respect to their external finish and dimensions.Surface defects may be removed mechanically, weld repairs are not permitted.

3.4.3.8 Non-destructive tests (de-lamination proof)

3.4.3.8.1 Plates and wide flats with enhanced properties in the direction of thickness shall be subjectedto an ultra-sonic test. They shall meet the requirements for Test Class 2, laid down in the "Stahl-Eisen-Lieferbedingungen 072" or of Test Class S2/E3 according to EN 10160.

The test width of the rim zone depends on the product thickness, but should have a minimum width of 50

mm.

3.4.3.8.2 Flats products with a product thickness of t 15 mm which are used for the manufacture ofconnection flanges and rings for 1

storder components, shall undergo an ultrasonic surface test. They shall

meet the requirements for Test Class 2, laid down in the "Stahl-Eisen-Lieferbedingungen 072" or of Test ClassS2 in accordance with EN 10160. The test grid used shall not exceed 100 mm.

3.4.3.8.3 Connection flanges and rings made of flat products with a product thickness t 40 mm shallundergo a non-destructive test according to [3.6.3.6].

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3.4.4 Proof of mechanical properties of pipesThe mechanical properties of pipes shall be certified in accordance with [3.3.3.4].

Table 3-7 Requirements for impact energy

Impact energy KV1)

[J] min.Strength category Strength class

Longitudinal Transverse

Normal strength 235 27 20

275 29 21

315 31 22

355 34 24High strength

390 41 27

420 42 28

460 46 31

500 50 33

550 55 37

620 62 41

Extra high strength2)

over 690 69 46

1) Mean value for 3 specimens. There may be one lower value but not less than 70% of the mean value.

2) Up to 70 mm thickness, larger thicknesses upon special agreement.

Table 3-8 Test temperatures for the notched bar impact test (welded components)

Test temperature Tp[C]

Components belonging to one of the order categories set out in Table 3-1Product thickness t [mm]

1storder 2

ndorder 3

rdorder

t 12.5 Tp= TE+ 302)

1)

12.5 < t 25 Tp= TE+ 10 Tp= TE+ 30

25 < t 50 Tp= TE 10 Tp= TE+ 10

50 < t 70 Tp= TE 20 Tp= TE+ 10

over 70 Tp= TE 303)

Tp= TE 10

No special provisions1)

1) The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2or in the relevant standards or approved material specifications apply2) TE= design temperature

3) Generally, test temperatures below -60C are not required (-50C for y 355 N/mm2)

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Table 3-9 Test temperatures for the notched bar impact test (non-welded components, 1- or 2-axial stress state)


Components belonging to one of the order categories set out in Table 3-1Product thickness t [mm]

1storder 2

ndorder 3

rdorder

t 12.5 1)

12.5 < t 25 Tp= TE+ 202)

25 < t 50 Tp= TE+ 10

50 < t 70 Tp= TE+ 10

over 70 Tp= TE 10



1) The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2or in the relevant standards or approved material specifications apply

2) TE= design temperature

3.5 Materials for hydraulic cylinders

3.5.1 General notes

3.5.1.1 The following provisions apply to pipes intended for the manufacture of cylinder jackets of 1stand

2ndorder hydraulic cylinders.

3.5.1.2 Where cylinder jackets are manufactured from flat products by rolling and fusion welding, therequirements given in this section apply as and where relevant to the basic material. In addition, the DNV GLrules for welding shall be observed.

3.5.2 Selection of materials

3.5.2.1 For the selection of material, the selection cri-teria and provisions laid down in [3.2]apply. Theselected materials shall comply with the requirements given in [3.5.3].

3.5.2.2 Special steels or pipes manufactured by cold rolling shall comply with a material specificationapproved by the Society.

3.5.3 Requirements


3.5.3.1.1 For the manufacture of welded hydraulic cylinders, carbon and carbon-manganese steels shallpreferably be used, the chemical composition of which complies with the limit values set out in [3.4.3.2]. Thecarbon equivalent Ceqshall not exceed 0.45.

3.5.3.1.2 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [1.7]or RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [4]apply,respectively.

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3.5.3.1.3 Compliance with the requirements shall be verified by the material manufacturer. Where the basematerial is not molten at the pipe manufacturer, the manufacturer's heat analysis of the base material can beaccepted. For special steels, the properties stated in the approved specifications apply.

3.5.3.2 Delivery condition and heat treatment

3.5.3.2.1 For welded hydraulic cylinders, the provisions of RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [1.8]or RU SHIP Pt.2Ch.2 Sec.5 [4]apply.

3.5.3.2.2 For hydraulic cylinders which are not produced by welding, cold-rolled pipes can be used up to awall thickness of 15 mm and design temperatures down to and including 10 C, if the requirements relatingto impact energy set out in [3.5.3.5]are achieved and elongation A is 15% as a minimum.


3.5.3.3.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [1.9]or RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [4]of therequirements given in the relevant standards or approved material specifications apply, respectively.


3.5.3.4 Technological test

3.5.3.4.1 Pipes with longitudinal weld seams and seamless pipes of UTS = 490 N/mm2shall undergo one ofthe ring test examinations specified in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.3 [3.5].

3.5.3.4.2 In the case of fusion-welded pipes with an outer diameter over 200 mm, a weld seam bend test inaccordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.3 [3.3]shall be carried out, applying a bending mandrel diameter of3 times wall thickness t.


3.5.3.5.1 The requirements relating to impact energy depend on the order category of the component underconsideration, see [3.2.2], the product thickness and the design temperature and shall be verified by ISO-V

specimen tests.

3.5.3.5.2 For product thicknesses up to and including 25 mm, RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2apply, or the requirementsgiven in the other applicable standards or approved material specifications.

3.5.3.5.3 Unless otherwise specified, the materials used shall have an impact energy of 41 J (longitudinalspecimen) or 27 J (transverse specimen) at a test temperature as per Table 3-10.

3.5.3.5.4 For pipes manufactured by hot rolling up to a product thickness of 10 mm, the impact energy testmay be dispensed with. Below 6 mm an impact energy test is not generally required.


3.5.3.6.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5 [1.11]and the requirements given in the

relevant standards or approved material specifications, respectively, apply.Compliance with the requirements shall be confirmed by the manufacturer of the material.

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Table 3-10 Test temperatures for the notched bar impact test (hydraulic cylinders)


Order categories of componentsProduct thickness t [mm]

1storder 2ndorder

t 25 Tp= TE+302)

1)

25 < t 50 Tp= TE 10 Tp= TE+30

50 < t 70 Tp= TE 20 Tp= TE 10

over 70 Tp= TE 303)

Tp= TE 10

1) The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.5or the requirements given in the other applicable standards or

approved material specifications apply


3) Generally, test temperatures below -60C are not required (-50C for y 355 N/mm2)

3.5.3.6.2 The manufacturer shall check the products with respect to their external finish and dimensionalproperties. Weld repairs are not allowed.

3.5.3.7 Non-destructive test

All pipes shall be subjected to non-destructive tests along their total length. The success of the test shall beconfirmed by the manufacturer.

3.5.3.8 Tightness test

All pipes shall be tested for leaks by the manufacturer. The success of the test shall be confirmed by themanufacturer.

3.5.4 Proof of mechanical properties

3.5.4.1 Mechanical properties of pipes shall be certified in accordance with [3.3.3.4].

3.5.4.2 Based on a special approval, diverging from [3.3.3.4.1], proof of mechanical properties of 1storder

hydraulic cylinders may also be furnished by certifying in accordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.2 [4.2.3]W(works) Certificate, e.g. inspection certificate 3.1 as per ISO 10474.

3.6 Forgings

3.6.1 General notes

3.6.1.1 The provisions of this section apply to steel forgings and rolled or forged slewing rings as well as forrolled or forged bars for piston rods of hydraulic cylinders. The slewing rings shall conform to a specification

approved by the Society.

3.6.1.2 For rolled or forged bars for the manufacture of bolts and nuts with proof of mechanical propertiesthe requirements given in [3.8]apply.

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3.6.2 Selection of materialsFor the selection of materials, the selection criteria and provisions stated in [3.2]apply. Accordingly, slewingrings are considered to be 1

storder components.

The selected materials shall comply with the following requirements.

3.6.3 Requirements


3.6.3.1.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.6apply.

For special steels and slewing rings the properties in the approved specifications apply.

3.6.3.1.2 Where forgings shall be used in welded structures, preference shall be given to carbon and carbon-manganese steels whose chemical composition meets the limit values stated in [3.4.3.2]. The carbonequivalent Ceqthereof shall not exceed 0.45.

3.6.3.1.3 Compliance with the requirements shall be verified by the manufacturer of the material. Where thebase material is not molten at the forge shop, the manufacturer's heat analysis of the base material can beaccepted.

3.6.3.2 Delivery condition and heat treatmentThe provisions of RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.6apply.


3.6.3.3.1 The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2and the requirements given in the other relevantstandards or approved material specifications apply, respectively.



3.6.3.4.1 For design temperatures down to and including -10C, the requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2Sec.6and the requirements given in the other relevant standards or approved material specifications apply,respectively.

3.6.3.4.2 Unless otherwise specified, for design temperatures below -10C the requirements given in Table3-11apply.

3.6.3.4.3 The requirements related to impact energy shall be verified by tests with ISO-V specimens.

Table 3-11 Impact energy requirements for forgings with design temperatures below -10C

Minimum impact energyKV

1)

[J]Components belonging to one of theorder categories set out in Table 3-1 longitudinal transverse

Test temperatureTP[C]

1storder 41 (29) 27 (19) TE 10

2)

2nd

order 41 (29) 27 (19) TE+ 10

3rd

order No special requirements3)

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Minimum impact energyKV1)

[J]Components belonging to one of the

order categories set out in Table 3-1 longitudinal transverseTest temperatureTP[C]

1) Mean value for 3 specimens. One individual value may be below the mean value, but not less than the individualvalues given in brackets


3) The requirements given in RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2 Sec.6or the requirements given in the other applicable standards orapproved material specifications apply


3.6.3.5.1 The manufacturer shall check the forgings at every stage of the process with respect to theirexternal finish and dimensional properties. Forging defects shall be eliminated if they are not removed by thesubsequent mechanical treatment. Weld repairs are not permitted.

3.6.3.6 Non-destructive test

3.6.3.6.1 Forged or rolled rings shall be subjected to an ultrasonic test by the manufacturer and, where

applicable, also to a surface crack test. The tests shall be carried out in accordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.2Sec.6.

3.6.3.6.2 The results of the non-destructive tests shall be documented by the manufacturer. The test reportsshall be presented to a the Society's surveyor.

3.6.4 Proof of mechanical propertiesThe mechanical properties of forgings shall be certified in accordance with [3.3.3.4]. Diverging from this,proof of the mechanical properties of slewing rings of ships' cranes of groups A or B, and of bars for pistonrods, may be attested by a certificate in accordance with RU SHIP Pt.2 Ch.1 Sec.2 [4.2.3], W (works)Certificate, e.g. inspection certificate 3.1 as per ISO 10474.

3.7 Steel castings

3.7.1 General notesThe provisions in this section apply to steel castings for use in welded constructions.

3.7.2 Selection of materialsFor the selection of materials, the selection criteria and provisions stated in [3.2]apply. The selectedmaterials shall comply with the following requirements.

3.7.3 Requiremen

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Dnvgl St 0377