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In your composition book, draw and fill
out this table, be sure to include today’s
date (1/11/18):
Replicate Definition(you write this)
The word in another language
Root of the word:
from Latin replicātiō
meaning (a folding
back)
ILLUSTRATE(Draw a picture
illustrating the word)
Use the word in asentence
● https://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/03-mechanism-of-replication-basic.html
DNA & Replication
Headings
Vocabulary
Important Words
CHROMOSOME
CHROMATIN
DNA
NUCLEUS
Structure of DNA
(DeoxyriboNucleic Acid)
• Using critical info from the work of others (Rosalind Franklin & Linus Pauling)…
• James Watson & Francis Crick made 1st
model of DNA in 1953
• DNA is a Nucleic Acid(AKA: Organic Compound)
• DNA is made up of small subunits called: Nucleotides
DRAW THIS IN YOUR NOTES!“YES, THE ENTIRE PICTURE!!!”
Each nucleotide is made up of:
1. Deoxyribose (sugar)
2. Phosphate group (“P”)
3. Nitrogen Base (4 types)
•Adenine- A
•Thymine-T
•Cytosine- C
•Guanine-G
What Makes Up DNA?
Purine
Pyrimidine
Purine
Pyrimidine
Sugar =
Ends in
-ose
•2 long chains of nucleotides
•Joined together in the form of a ladder
•Ladder is twisted in the form of a double helix or spiral
What Is the “Ladder”?
Hydrogen
bonds
Nucleotide
Sugar-phosphate
backbone
Key
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Structure of DNA
•Sides of the Ladder =
•Alternating Deoxyribose(Sugar) & Phosphate
•s-P-s-P-s-P-etc.
•Rungs or Steps of ladder =
•Pairs of Nitrogen Bases
•A-T or C-G
•T-A or G-C
•Adenine(A) pairs up w/ Thymine(T)
•Guanine(G) pairs up w/ Cytosine(C)
Example:
A G C T A C G C A 5’
T C G A T G C G T3’
How Do Nitrogen Bases Pair Up?
3’
5’
•All organisms have the same type of nucleotides
•Nucleotide arrangement provides for all the different types of organisms
Ex: A mouse and a rosebush have the same nucleotides…but…
Different Nucleotide Order = Different Organism!!!
*This sequence of nucleotides = GENETIC CODE
Why Do Organisms Look So Different?
Replication of DNA•During cell division a copy of DNA must be made
•When new cells are formed each new cell gets an exact copy of the genetic information.
•This copy of DNAis made through a process known as Replication.
Let’s see DNA Replication at Work!
Steps of Replication•During replication, each strand serves as a pattern to make new DNA molecule.
1. The 2 nucleotide strands separate at base pairs.
• They unzip like a zipper using DNA Helicase (enzyme)
2. Each strand then builds its opposite strand by base pairing with nucleotides that float freely in the nucleus.
3. Each new DNA molecule has 1 nucleotide strand from the original DNA molecule and 1 nucleotide strand made from free nucleotides in the nucleus.
DNA Replication
Growth
Growth
Replication
fork
DNA polymerase
New strand
Original
strand DNA
polymerase
Nitrogenous
bases
Replication
fork
Original
strand
New strand