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PRESENTED BY :
Badal Shah
Ashish Rathore
DNA computers
Index1. Introduction – What is DNA?
2. Need for DNA Computers
3. Research - Hemilton Path Problem
4. Programming With DNA
5. Components of DNA Computer
6. DNA vs. Silicon
7. Advantages – Disadvantages
8. Applications & Future
9. Bibliography
DNA computers
What is DNADNA means Deoxy-ribo-Nucleic Acid
It is the primary genetic material in a living body
Basic pairAdenine(A) pairs with Thymine(T)Guanine(G) pairs with Cytosine(C)
DNA Computer It is a computer made up using DNA
Introduction
DNA computers
Need for DNA Computer
Silicon processors has limited speed
Moore’s Law
Scientist found DNA has capability to be used to build a computer
Vast availability of Raw Material
DNA computers
In 1994, leonad Adleman, scientist at the university of California, introduced the idea of using DNA to solve complex mathematical problems.
He inspired by the book “Molecular Biology of the Gene”- written by James wastgon, who discovered the structure of DNA in 1953.
He used DNA to solve the complex Hemilton Path Problem.
Research
DNA computers
Hamilton path problem
DNA computers
GCTACG CTAGTA
TGC GAT
Los Angeles-Chicago
Programming with DNA
Los Angeles Chicago
DNA computers
L.A Chicago N.Y Miami Dallas
L.A-Chicago
Chicago-N.Y
N.Y-Miami
Miami-Dallas
GCTACG CTAGTA ATGCCG CTACGG TCGTAC
TGCGAT CATTAC GGCGAT GCCAGC
Flight path to Los Angeles – Dallas covering all other cities:
One possible answer may be: TGCGAT CATTAC GGCGAT GCCAGC
DNA computers
Components of DNA Computer
Logic gate (“And Gate”) :
Developed at Uni. Rochester
Made up of DNA instead of Silicon
Biochip :
Logic gates can be combined with DNA micro chip to make Bio Chip.
DNA computers
First DNA Computer (Developed by Olympus Corp, Japan)
DNA computers
Olympus Optical co. ltd develop first DNA computer for Gene analysis in Japan,Conjunction with Akira Toyama, Assistant Professor of Tokyo university.
Aim to lead world to make a practical DNA Computer.
They made DNA Computer on February 15,2001 they established an R&D based joint DNA Computer.
DNA computers
Main Features of Dna Computer(made by Olympus corp.)
Parallel processing
Huge memory capacity
Variety of genes diagnostic and genes analysis
High precision
High speed
Low cost
Short time required
DNA computers
Construction of first DNA Computer
DNA computers
Construction (contd…)
Artificial DNA fragment , designed by using special software which has special property physicochemical that make up memory.
Allows scientist to observe chemical reaction.
Start gene analysis using the DNA computer on trial basis for a year.
DNA computers
Advantages
Many time faster
Capable of storing billions
of times more data than Silicon
Compact
Accurate
Efficient
DNA computers
Advantage of DNA over silicon
Cellular supply of DNA make it a cheap resource.
Made very cleanly.
Many time smaller than silicon.
One pound DNA capacity is to high.
Computing speed of One teradrop speed is most powerful.
(contd…)
DNA computers
10 trillion DNA molecules can fit into 1 cubic centimeter, able to hold 10 terabyte of data and perform 10 trillion calculation at a time.
Parallel processing.
DNA computers
Disadvantages
First developed DNA computer is so far from silicon-based computer in terms of speed.
It takes few days to narrow down possibilities.
It needs constant human assistance.
DNA computers
Applications of first generation DNA Computers
Gene analysis.
Useful to Government to break secret codes
To Airlines to map efficient routes
To understand about human Brain – the natural Super Computer
DNA computers
Future
Future is very bright to solving complex problem.
If research gets successful, it will eliminate the Silicon based Super Computers.
More powerful dna computers are likely to be introduced very soon.
DNA computers
Bibliography
www.dna2z.com.
www.abcNEWS.com
www.Howstuffworks.com.
www.Google.com.
www.Bio-ITWorld.com
www.sciencedaily.com
DNA computers
Thank You