DIVISION OF APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES NCSR “DEMOKRITOS” Innovative hybrid desalination unit for potable water production with simultaneous removal of harmful

DIVISION OF APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES NCSR “DEMOKRITOS”

Innovative hybrid desalination unit for potable water production with simultaneous removal of harmful substances.

Scientific Coordinator : Dr. - Ing. C. Makropoulos


The Problem and SolutionThe Problem and Solution Brackishness of

underground waters especially in insular areas

Contamination of water with nitrates, pesticides and heavy metals

Shortness of potable water resources

Development of an innovative hybrid system for desalination and removal of harmful substances

High quality potable water production without any further chemical treatment

Use of renewable energy sources for better efficiency




Reverse Osmosis methodReverse Osmosis method

Reverse osmosis is considered as one of the most effective and financial feasible methods for the desalination of waters containing high Na+ and Cl-

concentrations, like sea and brackish water.

Usual pretreatment of RO feed water includes:

Chlorination for microorganism’s disinfection

pH regulation for the prevention of Calcium Carbonate scaling

Adding of antiscallant substances for the prevention of insoluble Calcium and Barium salts precipitation

Dechlorination (using NaHSO3) for protection of membranes from the free

Chlorine

Adding of poly- electrolyte for colloids precipitation


B001..Antiscaling Dosing B112..Cleaner A

FM260.. RO membranes B194..CaCO3

B101..Acid Dosing B113..Cleaner C

B192..Permeate B122..Brackish Tank

B111..Cleaning 1st/2nd B671..Conc.Batch

B100.. NaOCl B121..NaHSO3 FS131..Sand

Filter FC141..Cartridge Filter

FLOW SHEET OF CONVENTIONAL R.O.

FC 141FS 131

B 100

B 122

Brackish

Water

B 101 B 194

B 001B 121

B 671

B 112 B 113

B 111

B 192

Permeate

FM 260 DT

Concentrate


HYBRID DESSALINATION UNITHYBRID DESSALINATION UNITSimplified Flow SheetSimplified Flow Sheet

Rock Filter

Concentrate

Feed (Brackish Water)

Sand Filter

NF 1st Stage

RO 2nd Stage

Activated carbon

Potable Water


B112..Cleaner A FM260.. RO membranes

B113..Cleaner C B192..Permeate

B122..Brackish Tank B111..Cleaning 1st/2nd

B671..Conc.Batch FS131..Sand Filter

FC141..Cartridge Filter

Hybrid Desalination Unit Flow Sheet

B 671

Concentrate

First Stage NF

FS 131 FC 141

B 112 B 113

B 111

Permeate

FM 260

SW

Second Stage

RO

FM 260

SW

FM 160

DTF

FM 160

DTF

B122

Br. water

B 192



Membrane Surface : 7,7 m²/ 9,7 m²

Module Diameter : 8”

Module Length : 1,2 m/ 1,43 m

Max. oper. Pressure : 62 bar

Max. oper. Temp. : 40°C

pH Range : 3-11

Ion Rejection : >99%

Test Conditions:

60 bar, NaCl Solution (32 g/l), T= 25°C, pH =7, Water

Recovery Ratio<25%, Feed Flow 1200 l/h

Minimization of membrane

scaling and fouling.

Long membrane life.

Lower membrane replacement

costs.

Easy access to all membranes

films.

Less or no chemical

pretreatment of the feed water

(up to 15%/min SDI)

Better membrane cleaning

Higher efficiency with lower

pressure drop due to the

advanced flow pattern


DT MODULE


Chemical Analysis ResultsChemical Analysis Results Feed Product

Water Limits Mineral Bottled

waters

Conductivity

(μs/cm)

36300 540 - 390-700

Ca2+ (ppm) 460 45 100 11 – 100

Mg2+ (ppm) 830 25 50 1 – 72

Cl- (ppm) 16000 220 250 12 – 180

Να+ (ppm) 9200 98 200 3 – 120

K+ (ppm) 267 2.8 12 0.8 – 3

ΝΟ3- (ppm) 300 6 50 3 – 10

Atrazine (ppm)

8.35 0.01 0.1 -


DIAGRAMS IDIAGRAMS IEnergy Consumption

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

20 25 30 35 40 45 50P (bar)

Εc

on

s.(

KW

h/m

3) RO (KWh/m3 permeate)

NF-RO (KWh/m3 permeate)


DIAGRAMS IIDIAGRAMS II

System Performance

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

P (bar)

Eff

icie

ncy

%

RO %NF - RO %


Photovoltaic Cells

Wind Turbine Generators

Solar Collectors


Financial Data IFinancial Data I

Unit Capital Expenses 200 m3/d 350.000 €

Water Production Cost 0.8-1.5 €/m3 max

Water buying & transport Exp. 3.0 €/m3

Annual Profit 158500 -108000 €

Payback Period ~2.2 – 3.2 years


Financial Data IIFinancial Data II

Unit Capital Expenses 500 m3/d 1.000.000 €

Water Production Cost 0.8-1.5 €/m3 max

Water buying & transport Exp. 3.0 €/m3

Annual Profit 396000 - 270000 €

Payback Period ~2,5 – 3,7 years


Final Configuration of NF-RO System

11.6 m


2.27 m

2.5 m




Key Competitive AdvantagesKey Competitive Advantages I I Desalination and removal of harmful substances (nitrates,

pesticides, heavy metals, etc) in one pass, Production of potable water without any further chemical

treatment that misquotes its quality, Reduce in the energy consumption up to 15%, Up to 35% increase in the water production, retention rate of ions and other harmful substances that

exceeds 97% - with the retention of nitrates exceeding 99,5% Further decrease in the energy cost and higher System

performance by using solar energy or other mild or renewable energy resources,


Key Competitive AdvantagesKey Competitive Advantages II II

Use of DT modules with high tolerance in relation with the feed water specifications

Flexibility in the use of the unit as Hybrid or as RO Higher operational life of membranes Use of natural rocks bed in order to enrich the desalinated

water with the necessary trace elements, Tele-monitoring System to ensure the reliable operation of the

System.

Documents

DIVISION OF APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES NCSR “DEMOKRITOS” Innovative hybrid desalination unit for potable water production with simultaneous removal of harmful