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Diversity of Organisms. Six Kingdom System. Archaea Eubacteria Protists Fungi Animals Plants. Archaea & Eubacteria. Unicellular, microscopic Prokaryotic- No nucleus or membrane bound organelles Some are Photosynthetic Autotrophs Ex. cyanobacteria , Saprophytic or parasitic - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Diversity of Organisms
Six Kingdom System
• Archaea• Eubacteria• Protists• Fungi• Animals• Plants
Archaea & Eubacteria
• Unicellular, microscopic• Prokaryotic- No nucleus
or membrane bound organelles
• Some are Photosynthetic– Autotrophs– Ex. cyanobacteria,
• Saprophytic or parasitic– Heterorophs– Saprophytic: feed on dead
substances– Parasitic: obtain nutrients
from living organisms
Protists- 2 KindsProtozoa• Unicellular; microscopic• No cell wall• Nucleus present
– Eukaryotic – complex cells• Autotrophic = makes its own food Heterotrophic = must
go get its foodAlgae- the only ones with cell walls, some multicellular; all
photosynthetic
Fungi
• Eukaryotic• Made up of hyphae- slender threads– Mycelium: a mass of hyphae
• No root, stem and leaf• No chlorophyll– Saprophytic or parasitic
• Reproduce by forming spores• Cell walls made of Chitin
Animals-heterotrophic, have to move to get their food-Multicellular
• Eukaryotic – complex cells with nucleus and organelles
• Divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of backbone:– Invertebrates : without backbone– Vertebrates : with backbone
Invertebrates• Many different body plans!• No backbone• May or may not have an exoskeleton• Includes sponges, echinoderms, crustaceans, mollusks,
worms, as well as several other type organisms
Invertebrates
Invertebrates
Vertebrates• Divided into 5 groups:– Fish– Amphibians– Reptiles– Birds– Mammals
Fish• Aquatic – fresh and salt water
• Cold-blooded – 2 chambered heart
• Body covered with wet and slimy scales
• Streamlined body to move easily through water
• Fins for balance and to control movement
• Gills for breathing • External fertilization
Amphibians• Cold-blooded – 3
chambered heart • Moist, scaleless skin• Limbs present– tetrapods
• Larvae (tadpoles) use gills for breathing; adults use lungs & skin
• External fertilization• No claws on toes
Reptiles• Cold-blooded – 3 or
4 chambered heart• Body covered with
dry, hard scales• Live on land• Breathe with lungs• Internal fertilization;
lay shelled eggs• Claws on toes
Birds• Warm-blooded – 4
chambered heart• Body covered with
feathers• 2 wings and 2 feet• Beak for feeding• Lungs & air sacs for
breathing• Internal fertilization; lay
shelled eggs• Claws on toes
Mammals• Warm-blooded – 4
chamber heart• Hair or fur on skin• Females have mammary
glands for producing milk
• Lungs for breathing• Internal fertilization;
embryos develop inside mothers’ bodies
• Give birth to offspring• Claws or nails on toes
Plants
• Eukaryotic• Most plants contains photosynthetic pigments
(e.g. chlorophyll) for photosynthesis• Autotrophic: makes own food• Cell walls• Multicellular• Reproduce by spores or seeds• Transport by vascular tissue- xylem & phloem
xylem - located on the innermost ring of the stem/root; it carries water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
phloem - located on the outermost ring (of vascular tissue) in the stem/root; it carries dissolved proteins, amino acids, sugars and other complex compounds in any direction.
Xylem and Phloem make up the vascular bundles.