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Distribution and Occurrence of Distribution and Occurrence of Nitrate-Nitrogen and Total Nitrate-Nitrogen and Total
Phosphorus in the Water Resources Phosphorus in the Water Resources of the Suwannee River Water of the Suwannee River Water
Management DistrictManagement District
David HornsbyDavid Hornsby
Dissertation ProposalDissertation Proposal
May 27May 27thth, 2005, 2005
ObjectivesObjectives
• To determine the distribution and occurrences of nitrate-N and total phosphorus in the SRWMD
• Define the influence on water quality and quantity due to the interaction of ground and surface water in the Suwannee River basin
• Define ground water basins in the SRWMD• Integration of the findings with
landuse/landcover to assess influence on water quality
HypothesisHypothesis
• Impacts on the occurrence and distribution of nitrate-N and total phosphorus in the water resources of the Suwannee River Water Management District can be attributed to landuse/landcover
Floridan Aquifer SystemFloridan Aquifer System
KarstKarst
• Terrain formed by the Terrain formed by the dissolution of dissolution of underlying limestoneunderlying limestone
• Internal Drainage: Internal Drainage: SW=GWSW=GW
• Characterized by Characterized by caves, caverns, caves, caverns, sinkholes, sinking sinkholes, sinking streams, springs, etc.streams, springs, etc.
Sinking Streams
Underwater CavesUnderwater Caves
SpringsSprings
Floridan Floridan Aquifer Aquifer SystemSystem
Confined
Unconfined
Aquifer VulnerabilityAquifer Vulnerability
Physiographic ProvincesPhysiographic Provinces
Cody Scarp
Karst FeaturesKarst Features
Water
Movement
Provide by Karst Productions
Suwannee Suwannee River River BasinBasin
Total Area 9,950 Square Miles
Georgia
Florida
Surfacewater Surfacewater Quality Quality Monitoring Monitoring NetworkNetwork
Nitrate-N TrendsNitrate-N Trends• Suwannee River Suwannee River
Increasing trend for Nitrate-N concentration in Increasing trend for Nitrate-N concentration in Suwannee River at Branford, FloridaSuwannee River at Branford, Florida
• Santa Fe River Santa Fe River Data from the Surfacewater Quality Monitoring Data from the Surfacewater Quality Monitoring shows an increase in Nitrate-N concentrations shows an increase in Nitrate-N concentrations in the Lower Santa Fe River in the Lower Santa Fe River
High/High/LowLow Flow FlowNitrate-N
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4
S.R. at Gopher R.
Fowler's Bluff
Wilcox
Rock Bluff
Branford
Luraville
Dowling Park
Ellaville
S.R. Above Withla.
Suw.Springs
White Spring
S.R. at SR 6
NOx-N (mg/L)
June 1998 (Low)March 1998 (High)Georgia
Gulf of Mexico
Troy SpringsTroy SpringsFirst MagnitudeFirst Magnitude
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
No
v-6
0
Oc
t-7
3
No
v-9
2
Ju
n-9
3
Ju
l-9
3
Au
g-9
3
Se
p-9
3
Ju
n-9
4
Se
p-9
4
Ju
n-9
5
Ju
l-9
5
Au
g-9
5
Se
p-9
5
Ju
n-9
6
Ju
l-9
6
Au
g-9
6
Ju
n-9
7
Ju
l-9
7
Se
p-9
7
Ju
n-9
8
Ju
l-9
8
Au
g-9
8
NO
x-N
(m
g/L
)
USGS FGS SRWMD
WARN - WARN - Groundwater Groundwater
Quality Quality NetworkNetwork
Trend WellsTrend Wells
Status WellsStatus Wells
Mean Total Phosphorus Concentration (mg/L)October 2002 to September 2003
TP (mg/L)is a measure of the amount of total phosphorus in the ground water.
>10
1 to 5
0.5 to 1
0.1 to 0.5
0.05 to 0.1
0.01 to 0.05
0 to 0.01
N ote:This m ap represents a genera lizationof groundw ater qua lity data.
5 to 10
Mean Nitrate-Nitrogen Concentration (mg/L)October 2002 to September 2003
N ote:This m ap represents a genera lizationof groundw ater qua lity data.
>4.0
2.0 to 4 .0
1.0 to 2 .0
0.5 to 1.0
0.05 to 0.5
0 to 0.05
Nitrate-nitrogen (mg/L)is a measure of the amountof nitrate dissolved in theground water expressed interms of the amount ofnitrogen in the form ofnitrate.
SuwanneeSuwanneeBasinBasin
Nitrate-N Nitrate-N and TPand TPLoadsLoads
ByByBasinBasin
23.8%23.7%
0.8%54.1%
0.7%8.9%
15.5% 5.9%
34.4%10.8%
-4.6%-8.3%
-1.6%-10.0%
Total Loadingsfor Water year 20034,485 tons Nitrate-N1,627 tons TP
18.9%-3.7%
12.2%18.5%
0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
30,000,000
Su
w
La
f
Gil
Ala
Co
l
Un
ion
Ma
d
Le
vy
Jef
Bra
d
Ha
m
Ta
ylo
r
Dix
ie
Po
un
ds
of
N p
er
Ye
ar
29
1413
119 8 7 7 6 5 4 3 3
Estimated Annual Nitrogen InputsEstimated Annual Nitrogen InputsSRWMDSRWMD
Beef Cows5.8%
Dairy Cows5.4%
Poultry34.1%
People1.0%
Fertilizer48.9%
Atmospheric4.8%
Estimated Nitrogen InputsEstimated Nitrogen InputsSuwannee CountySuwannee County
Total28,992,636pounds of N
ExampleExample
Suwannee
ColumbiaBaker
Union
5040
30
20
1060
70
1995 Potentiometric Surface Map
Potentiometric Surface Potentiometric Surface September 2002September 2002
5050
4040
30303535
4545
2525
20201515
GroundwaGroundwater ter DomainsDomains
Spring and Inner Spring and Inner Basin Basin Groundwater Groundwater QualityQuality
Outcomes/ProductsOutcomes/Products• Temporal and spatial distribution of nitrate-N
and total phosphorus.• GIS coverage of groundwater basins with
landuse/landcover.• A comparison of water quality to
landuse/landcover by groundwater basin.• A correlation of landuse/landcover in
groundwater basins to water quality.• Impacts of landuse/landcover on the ground
and surface water quality in the middle Suwannee and lower Santa Fe rivers.
• Develop a ranking of landuse/landcover to ground and surface water quality.
AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments
• Committee Dr. Donald Graetz (Chair) Dr. Tom Obreza Dr. Vimala Nair Dr. Wendy Graham
• Assistance Suwannee River Water Management
District