Forename Surname

Title of the Dissertation,Which Can Span Multiple

Lines ‒Use the Forced Line Break

to Get a Nice Layout

ACADEMIC DISSERTATIONTo be presented with the permission of the School of Information Sciences of the University of Tampere, for public discussion in the Pinni auditorium XXXX

on November 22nd, 201X, at noon.

School of Information SciencesUniversity of Tampere

Dissertations in Interactive Technology, Number XXTampere 201X

ACADEMIC DISSERTATION IN INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGYSupervisor: Professor Veikko Surakka, Ph.D.

School of Information Sciences,University of Tampere, Finland

Opponent: Associate Professor Erik Frøkjær, Ph.D.Department of Computer Science,University of Copenhagen,Denmark

Reviewers: Professor Matt Jones, Ph.D.Department of Computer Science,Swansea University, Wales, United KingdomDr. Mark D. Dunlop, Senior LecturerDepartment of Computer and Information Sciences,University of Strathclyde, Scotland, United Kingdom

The originality of this thesis has been checked using the Turnitin OriginalityCheck service in accordance with the quality management system of the University of Tampere.

Dissertations in Interactive Technology, Number XX

School of Information SciencesFIN-33014 University of TampereFINLAND

ISBN XXX-XXX-XXISSN 1795-9489

Juvenes Print ‒ Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy Tampere 201X

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Abstract

This is a document template for the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series. It includes title pages, pre-text sections (abstract, acknowledgements, contents, list of publications (for nippuväikkäri), and author’s research contributions), and the body of the thesis.

By far the easiest way to make sure that your thesis is set according to the guidelines is to start with this template and insert your own text in the appropriate places in the template.

Practical advice on the dissertation preparation process is also given in this template.

Your own abstract should preferably fit on one page, or at most on two pages. It should be readable on its own. This implies that it should not contain citations.

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Acknowledgements

This is the very personal part of your dissertation, and you can write here whatever you like. Typically not even the language is checked, unless you ask for it yourself. The acknowledgments are added in the final version, i.e., they are not yet in the version sent to the reviewers.

Although the content of the acknowledgments is entirely up to you, it is customary to start the acknowledgments by thanking those involved in the research, especially your supervisor and co-workers. It is polite to thank the reviewers as well. Similarly, do acknowledge those who funded your research. Other thanks can be given just as you like. Typically the thanks get more personal towards the end of the acknowledgements, with your relatives and closest family thanked last.

Tampere, October 10, 201X

Forename Surname

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Contents

1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................12 LAYOUT...............................................................................3

2.1 Basic Settings............................................................................32.2 Citations and References...........................................................6

3 DISSERTATION PREPARATION PROCESS.......................................113.1 Preparing the Manuscript.........................................................113.2 Originality Check......................................................................133.3 Publication Process..................................................................13

4 CONCLUSIONS.....................................................................17REFERENCES...........................................................................19

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List of Publications

This dissertation is composed of a summary and the following original publications, reproduced here by permission.

I. Käki, M., & Aula, A. (2005). Findex: improving search result use through automatic filtering categories. Interacting with Computers, 17(2), 187‒206. doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.01.001

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II. Käki, M. (2004). Proportional search interface usability measures. In Proceedings of the Third Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI ’04, Tampere, Finland), 365‒372. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1028014.1028072

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III. Käki, M. (2005). Optimizing the number of search result categories. In CHI ’05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’05, Portland, OR, USA), 1517‒1520. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1056808.1056955

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IV. Käki, M. (2005). Findex: search result categories help users when document ranking fails. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’05, Portland, OR, USA), 131‒140. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1054972.1054991

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V. Käki, M. (2005). fKWIC: frequency based keyword-in-context index for filtering web search results. Report D-2005-3, Department of Computer Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland. (In review for publication in Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology.)

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VI. Käki, M. (2005). Findex: properties of two web search result categorizing algorithms. Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on World Wide Web/Internet (Lisbon, Portugal).

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VII. Tuisku, O., Surakka, V., Gizatdinova, Y., Vanhala, T., Rantanen, V., Verho, J., & Lekkala, J. (2011). Gazing and frowning to computers can be enjoyable. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE 2011, Hanoi, Vietnam), 211‒218. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society. doi:10.1109/KSE.2011.41

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VIII. Tuisku, O., Rantanen, V., Špakov, O., Surakka, V., & Lekkala, J. (Submitted). Pointing and selecting with facial activity. Submitted to Interacting with Computers.

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IX. Tuisku, O., Surakka, V., Rantanen, V., Vanhala, T., & Lekkala, J. (2013). Text entry by gazing and smiling. Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, Article ID 218084, 13 pages. doi:10.1155/2013/218084

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The Author’s Contribution to the Publications

If you are the sole author of all the articles included in the dissertation, then this section is not needed. Usually, however, at least some of the papers have co-authors, and then you need to explain your role in them.

If the set of authors is (almost) the same in all the papers, then you can probably get away with a fairly generic statement. See Mirja’s dissertation (Ilves, 2013) for an example.

If, on the other hand, the roles of the authors vary a lot, or if there are several papers without co-authors, then you should give a more detailed explanation. Tomi’s dissertation (Heimonen, 2012) provides a good example of this.

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1Introduction

This document gives guidelines for dissertations that are published in the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series. Chapter 2 gives guidelines on the layout, while Chapter 3 gives advice on the process.

This document is maintained by the editor of the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series. The current editor is Roope Raisamo. He can be contacted by email at roope.raisamo@sis.uta.fi.

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2Layout

General rules on page layout are first given in Section 2.1, followed by details on references and citations in Section 2.2.

2.1 BASIC SETTINGSWe start with the basics. Body text (Word style “Normal”) is typeset in Book Antiqua 12pt. Headings and other stand-out text is typeset in Trebuchet MS in varying sizes. Spacing in the text is based on the use of styles: there are no empty paragraphs between text paragraphs.

Use the styles of this template in setting up your document. Headings are set using styles “Heading 1”, “Heading 2”, etc. Note that there is a tab mark after the chapter or section number (i.e., not a space). Content words (nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs) in the title of the dissertation, as well as in chapter and section headings, are set with an initial uppercase letter1.

This example has heading numbering only up to the second level headings. Feel free to include numbering below that point if you wish. In addition, headings below the second level are not included in the table of contents, you are free to change that if you wish.

Each first level heading is decorated with a graphic consisting of two horizontal lines and a bitmap picture. Its creation is not 1 More detailed advice is available, e.g., at http://web.archive.org/web/20130117225252/http://writersblock.ca/tips/monthtip/tipmar98.htm

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…automatic; instead, you need to copy it manually. Make sure that it is aligned with page margins to the top of the page.

The publications (in a dissertation that is not a monograph) are not mentioned in the table of contents, but are listed in the next page along with page numbers indicating where the articles are located in the book. There is no automatic way of knowing on which pages the articles will appear so you need to insert the page numbers as one of the final steps in preparing the dissertation. The format of the references in the list of publications is the same as in the list of references at the end (see Section 2.2), with one exception: in the list of publications you can also give the location of the conference where a conference paper was presented. List the publications in their logical sequence. Often, but not always, this is the order in which they were published.

The last page of the template contains the list of publications in this series. Contact the series editor to get the last page for insertion in your dissertation. That will guarantee that all the previous publications are mentioned in the list. Send the series editor a version of your thesis as soon as you have it in the form of this template, for checking that it confirms to the house style used in the series.

The number of this publication in the series is mentioned in three places: first page, second page, and the list of publications in the last page. Make sure that the publication number is correct in all these places. In addition you need to update the ISBN number on the second page (see Chapter 3 on how to obtain the ISBN number).

Actual text starts at page 1 (Arabic number). All the preceding pages are numbered using Roman numerals. Thus you need to introduce a section break before the start of the actual text and restart the page numbering. Each new chapter starts on an odd-numbered page. If needed, leave the previous page blank. This is obviously something to do only after the text does not change any more.

The footers on even-numbered and odd-numbered pages are different, so you need to set those separately (as already done in this template).

The template does not use headers. If you wish, you can add them to show titles of chapters (on even numbered pages) and sections (on odd numbered pages); see Aulikki’s dissertation (Hyrskykari, 2006) for examples. Be warned that this does require quite a bit of manual processing and is best done only as the last step when the body text is frozen.

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In general, it is recommended that you take a look at previous dissertations in this series for examples on layout. The style has evolved slightly over the years, so the newest dissertations are the best examples in this respect. The editor also appreciates suggestions on how this template document should be modified or extended.

Images and their captions are centered (see Figure 1 for an example). The text “Figure x.” in the caption is in boldface, followed by a space. Do not use abbreviations like “Fig. 1” in the text. When referring to Figure 1, the “F” is in upper case, whereas if you want to for instance talk about “the figure below”, it is not. Thus “Figure 1” is treated as the “name” of the figure and therefore written with a capital F.

Figure 1. A piezoelectric actuator placed under the touchscreen of a mobile device. The actuator is shown in its bent stage (Laitinen & Mäenpää, 2006, Figure

2, © IEEE 2006).

Similarly, captions of tables are placed below the table, with “Table x.” set in boldface. The caption ends with a period. Make sure to keep all the rows in the table on the same page and also on the same page with the caption (see Table 1 for an example).

Kamvar & Baluja (2006)

Kamvar & Baluja (2007)

Church et al. (2007)

Church et al. (2008)

Yi et al. (2008)

Adult (> 20%)

Adult (> 25%)

Adult (53%) Adult (61%) Entertainment (42%)

Entertainment (> 10%)

Entertainment (> 10%)

Multimedia (10%)

Email, messaging &

chat (9%)

Technology (5%)

Internet & telecoms

(> 5%)

Internet & telecoms

(> 4%)

Email, messaging &

chat (8%)

Search & finding things

(7%)

People (3%)

Local services (> 5%)

Lifestyles/online

communities (> 4%)

Search & finding things

(8%)

Entertainment (5%)

Retail (3%)

Games (> 2%)

Local (> 4%) Entertainment (8%)

Multimedia (5%)

Travel (3%)

Table 1. The top search query categories in log analysis studies(based on Heimonen, 2012, p. 74).

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…2.2 CITATIONS AND REFERENCESThe style of citations and references used in the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series is based on the APA style (American Psychological Association, 2010). For detailed rules and additional examples the reader is referred to the APA Manual (American Psychological Association, 2010). Only the main rules and some examples are given here.ReferencesA reference consists of the name of the author followed by the year of publication in parentheses. This is followed by the title of the paper (no capitalization of words in the title) that usually ends in a period (unless the title itself ends in a question mark or exclamation mark). Next comes the name of the publication forum and the pages in the publication. The reference ends with the doi or urn address (when available).

Names of journals, books and conference proceedings are written in italics and with uppercase first letters for content words. The publisher’s name and city are given for books and conference proceedings but not for journals.

Below are two example references, one for a journal publication and another for a conference publication.

Kaikkonen, A., Kallio, T., Kekäläinen, A., Kankainen, A., & Cankar, M. (2005). Usability testing of mobile applications: A comparison between laboratory and field testing. Journal of Usability Studies, 1(1), 4–16.

Kammerer, Y., Nairn, R., Pirolli, P., & Chi, E. H. (2009). Signpost from the masses: Learning effects in an exploratory social tag search browser. In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’09), 625–634. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1518701.1518797

All references should follow these rules:

If the paper lists several forenames or initials for an author, all the corresponding initials should be given in the reference. There is a space between the initials (preferably a non-breaking space, created in MS Word by clicking “Ctrl+Shift+Space”).

In case of multiple authors there is a comma after every author’s name. Exception: the last author’s name is not followed by a comma. Instead, it is preceded by the “&” sign. Note, in particular, that also in the case of two authors the first author’s name is followed by a comma.

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There is a period after the closing parenthesis of the publication year.

The separator between page numbers is an n-dash (“–”), not a hyphen. You can create an n-dash in MS Word by clicking “Ctrl+Num –” or by selecting it through the INSERT menu.

If an Internet address of a publication is given, it is at the end of the reference. It should preferably be in the form of a doi or urn (see the list of references for examples). If such a version of the web address does not exist or is not known, give the full url.

Additional rules for journal references:

The name of the journal is set in italics with capitalization of the content words. The name is written in full without abbreviations.

The name is followed by a comma and volume number, still in italics.

If the issue in the volume is given, it comes immediately after the volume number (no space in between). It is given in parentheses and set in regular font, not italicized.

Additional rules for references to conference papers:

The name of the conference is preceded by “In” (in regular font).

The name of the conference is set in italics with capitalization of the content words. The components of the name are not abbreviated. Thus, do not write “Proc.” or “Int.”, use “Proceedings of” and “International” instead.

Conferences are often known by their short name (e.g., “CHI”). That should be given in parenthesis after the full name, followed by the year of the conference. Note, in particular, that for papers that appear in CHI Extended Abstracts (works in progress, SIGs, etc.), the name of the publication and the abbreviation should read “In CHI ’13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’13)”.

The name and abbreviated name of the conference are followed by a comma, page numbers, and period.

The publisher information is given in the form “Place: Publisher.”

Even with the best intentions it is difficult to get the references right in every detail. It is probably easiest to take a couple of the rules at a time and go through the entire list of references focusing on just those rules, and then repeat this for all rules. This is a bit tedious, but negligible compared to all the time you’ve already invested to get the thesis this far.

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…For papers that appear in the ACM Digital Library you can get a good start for your reference entry by clicking on the “ACM Ref” link on the right in the window that gives the paper’s data (see Figure 2).

Figure 2. ACM Digital Library entry for the paper by Kammerer, Naim, Pirolli, and Chi (2009).

Clicking that link brings up the window shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Reference in ACM reference format.

You can copy the text to your list of references and then edit it there to confirm to the house style. All the right components (and the official name of the conference, in particular) are included, but you need to edit and reorder the components to match the style in the dissertation series.

Other reference management systems, such as RefWorks2 and EndNote3, may provide additional tools.

The papers appear in the references (the last chapter of the summary part, before the publications) ordered alphabetically by last name of author. In case of several papers with the same first author the names of the co-authors determine the sorting order. Several papers by the same author(s) are ordered according to 2 http://www.uta.fi/kirjasto/oppaat/refworks.html3 http://endnote.com/

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year of publication. If there are several publications by exactly the same authors in the same year, they are distinguished by appending small letters (“a”, “b” etc.) after the year and ordered by the title of the paper.

The alphabetical order follows the convention of English, where characters with diacritical marks are sorted equally with their non-diacritical versions. Thus, a paper by “Öquist” comes after a paper by “O’Hara” but before a paper by “Ottmann”.CitationsThe basic form of citations contains surname of the author with the year in parenthesis. For instance, Jones (2012) gives a review of mobile search. This form is used when the citation is part of the text, and the narrative should remain readable and correct English even if the year was omitted. Therefore it is not correct to say that “Jones (2012) is a review…”.

The other form of citations is to include both the author and year in parentheses. For instance, several different solutions for mobile search have been developed (e.g., Jones, 2012). If there are several publications cited in this format at the same time, separate them using semicolons. Exception: for several papers by the same author(s), give the name of the author only once and separate the years of publication by commas. Thus, for instance, the need for more research on mobile search has been brought up by several authors (Heimonen, 2009, 2012; Jones, 2012). However, keep such lists short if you need them: each new citation included in the list decreases the weight of the others.

When you cite long works like books or dissertations, and especially if you cite them verbatim, it is useful to give the page number in addition to the basic citation. For instance, “Should we focus on simple, activity-centered devices – ones that might well combine task-specific communication and formation facilities – or look to providing a ‘Swiss Army Knife’ …” (Jones & Marsden, 2006, p. 11).

Things get a bit trickier when the paper that you cite has multiple authors. For a paper with two authors, always give both last names. However, when the citation appears in text, the separator between the names should be “and”, but when it appears in parentheses, it should be “&”. Thus, when you cite the book by Jones and Marsden in text, you should write “Jones and Marsden (2006) give a detailed account of …” (compare with the citation in the previous paragraph).

When you cite a paper with three to five authors, list them all the first time you cite the paper in the dissertation. After that use the

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…“et al.” form of citation, and list only as many names as needed to make the citation unambiguous. Thus, you can cite for the first time a paper by San Agustin, Hansen, Hansen, and Skovsgaard (2009) (note the comma before “and”), but after that you should cite it only using San Agustin, Hansen, et al. (2009). That is sufficient to distinguish it from the paper by San Agustin, Mateo, Hansen, and Villanueva (2009).

The above is the rule given in the APA handbook (American Psychological Association, 2010). If you wish, you may resort to a simpler solution where you always cite a paper with multiple authors in the same way, without making a distinction between the first and subsequent citations. No matter which of the two techniques you decide to choose, use it consistently.

For papers with six or more authors, the citation consists of the surname of the first author followed by “et al.” and the year. If, however, this is ambiguous, list as many names as needed to make the citation unambiguous. For papers with exactly the same authors published on the same year append “a”, “b” etc. to the year to make them distinguishable.

If you cite the same paper several times within the same paragraph using the within-text format, you don’t need to give the full reference in the later citations within the paragraph. For instance, when you start by saying that Jones and Marsden (2006) present a comprehensive account of mobile user interface design, you can continue by saying that Jones and Marsden also discuss this and that, without repeating the year. Also, don’t forget that personal pronouns can often be used to the same effect.

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3Dissertation Preparation Process

The School of Information Sciences has its official guidelines for doctoral students4. This document supplements the guidelines with particulars of the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series.

3.1 PREPARING THE MANUSCRIPT

Reuse Permissions for Your Own PublicationsFor a dissertation that consists of a summary and original publications you need to get permission from the copyright holders of the publications to be able to include them in the dissertation.

ACM, IEEE, Springer and many other publishers use the Copyright Clearance Center5 (CCC) for handling the permissions. For instance, for papers published by ACM, click on the ’Request permissions’ link on the page that gives the information of your paper in ACM Digital Library. That will take you directly to the RightsLink page of CCC. ACM charges about 6 euros for each publication, while some other publishers may give the permission for free. The School will reimburse the cost of permissions. Ask your supervisor for details.

4 http://www.uta.fi/sis/en/doctoral_studies/dissertation_process.html5 http://www.copyright.com/

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…The copyright rules of ACM, in particular, are evolving. In January 2015 the web page on author rights6 states the following: “Authors can include partial or complete papers of their own (and no fee is expected) in a dissertation as long as citations and DOI pointers to the Versions of Record in the ACM Digital Library are included.” In other words, you do not need to contact CCC and pay for your papers published by ACM.

If the publisher does not use CCC you need to contact the copyright holder of the publication by email. Usually the publisher’s web site contains an email address for the editorial office or editor-in-chief. Here is a model letter that you can use for your email.

Dear sir/madam,

An article titled “____” written by me and my collagues (N.N. and M.M.) was published in XXX, Vol 1, pp. 1987−1989. I am currently finishing my doctoral dissertation with a title “______”, in the series “Dissertations in Interactive Technology” (School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland). The work consists of a summary and original publications and I am planning to include the aforementioned article as part of it.

Since the copyright of the article was transferred to ______, I hereby request a permission to reprint the article as part of my printed and electronic dissertation.

Yours,

N.N., researcher

Your thesis should be published both in print and in electronic form, so make sure that you select this option when you ask for the permission from CCC. If the copyright owner does not grant rights for the electronic version, you should include so-called author’s copy in the electronic version.Reuse Permissions for PicturesIf you use in your dissertation pictures from other publications, you need to obtain permission for reuse from the copyright holder. If the authors have transferred the copyright to the publisher, which is the most common case, you need to purchase the permission for reuse from the publisher. This is again typically handled through CCC.

6 http://authors.acm.org/main.html

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If you want to include a picture from a paper where the authors themselves are copyright holders, it is sufficient to contact the corresponding author (the first author, unless otherwise indicated) for permission. However, in your email ask the corresponding author to ensure that all authors of the paper agree to give the permission.

The fact that permission has been obtained for the pictures is indicated in the caption of the picture. See Figure 1 for an example of the format.ISBN NumberYour thesis needs an ISBN number. It is listed on page 2 of the thesis. You get the ISBN number from the library by sending email to isbn@uta.fi. State your name and the number of the thesis in the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series.

Page 2 also shows the ISSN number, which is the same for all the dissertations in the series.

3.2 ORIGINALITY CHECKThe University of Tampere uses the Turnitin service7 in checking the originality of dissertations. This template contains on page 2 the statement that the thesis has been checked using Turnitin. Insert it only as the last step after the thesis has indeed gone through the process described in the guidelines.

It is recommended that you use Turnitin during the writing process, not only at the end. Ask also your supervisor to review an intermediate OriginalityCheck report, as explained in the guidelines.

3.3 PUBLICATION PROCESS

Publisher and PrinterGeneral information8 on the publication process is given by the library of the University of Tampere. Here we repeat the most important points and give advice on issues that are specific to this series. In addition to the printed version that is published in the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series, the electronic version should be published in the Acta Electronica Universitatis Tamperensis series9 of the university. Therefore you need to 7 https://intra.uta.fi/portal/fi_FI/group/tietopankki/aiheeseen-liittyvat-dokumentit Originality check of a doctoral or licentiate thesis at the University of Tampere using the Turnitin programme 8 http://www.uta.fi/kirjasto/tup/vaitosohjeet.html9 http://www.uta.fi/kirjasto/tup/actaohjeet.html

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…comply with those rules as well. You have to apply for publication permit in the Acta series using a form that is linked from the info page of the Acta series.

Suomen yliopistopaino will produce the printed version. Contact them at yliopistopaino@juvenesprint.fi for agreeing on the schedule and other details. The printed thesis must be on public display at least 10 days (in practice, two weeks) before the defense. The School’s office will take care of this once they get the printed copies. Another requirement is that the library must get the pdf of the thesis at least two weeks before the defense, at the latest (private communication from the library, January 2015). Also this deadline is strict, and it only holds for this series (other publishers may impose other deadlines). Take this into account when agreeing on the date of the defense with your supervisor.File FormatsSend your thesis for printing as a pdf file. The page size shoud be A4 (the size used in this template). The articles included in your thesis may originally use a different page size, but it is best to print also them using Acrobat in the A4 size, before you add the page numbers and combine all the pdf files into a single file. You need Adobe Acrobat Pro for this. It is not free, so ask your colleagues or the series editor for help if needed; it does not make sense to purchase a license for Acrobat Pro only for this purpose. Yliopistopaino will produce the thesis in the final B5 size.

It is advisable to transform all images into CMYK format. In RGB images the white may come out as grey in printing. This transformation is easiest to do with Acrobat when you produce the final pdf file for the printer. Also the page numbers for the articles included in your thesis can be added using Acrobat.

Yliopistopaino used to have in stock preprinted coloured boards for the thesis, but this has changed after the department structure was changed –the text on the preprinted covers is not valid anymore and they should not be used. Now the text in the front cover, the summary in the back cover and the text in the spine (selkämys) are sent to Yliopistopaino as one pdf file. The cover pages in the file are prepared using Adobe Illustrator. Harri Siirtola will help you with the covers. In addition, the content of the dissertation is sent as another pdf file.

When you discuss the production of the dissertation with Yliopistopaino, remind them that the paper used for the content is regular 80g offset paper. Dissertations in the printed Acta series use different paper.

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The default format is black and white. If you need to have color pages in your dissertation, indicate to the printer explicitly the pages that should be reproduced in color. Each color page affects the cost, and if all pages are printed in color the cost will be extremely high.Printing and DeliveryAfter you have sent the files, Yliopistopaino prepares a proof usually in a week and sends it for your inspection by internal mail. Check that everything is OK and show the proofs also to the series editor before giving the printer the permission to proceed. Actual printing takes about five days after you have accepted the proof, but there may be a backlog close to the end of semester.

You need to inform Yliopistopaino on the number of copies that should be printed. Printing 60 copies is usually enough, and (depending on the unit cost) would leave some funding for the coffee service as well. Out of these ten copies should be delivered to the School’s office. These ten copies include those sent to the opponent, reviewers and the custos. You can agree with the School’s office to take care of these four copies yourself.

The printer automatically sends six copies of the thesis to the National Library of Finland, as determined by the law. You will thus get from the printer six fewer copies than you ordered.

A full collection of the dissertations published in this series is kept in the lobby of the School (room Pinni B1029–30). Please place one copy of your dissertation in that bookshelf.

The remaining copies should be made available to the audience in the auditorium where the defense takes place.PublicityThe library will send out the press information about your thesis before the defense10. At least two weeks before the defense you should fill in the press release form in Finnish11 or in English12. Spend some effort on producing an announcement that is catchy and understandable by the public. Work on the text together with your supervisor.

The form asks for the publisher of the thesis. Here you can putUniversity of Tampere, School of Information Sciences.

After the defense information on your dissertation will appear on a specific web page of TAUCHI13. You should send to the series 10 http://www.uta.fi/kirjasto/tup/vaitosohjeet.html11 https://elomake3.uta.fi/lomakkeet/15942/lomake.html12 https://elomake3.uta.fi/lomakkeet/15960/lomake.html13 http://www.uta.fi/sis/tauchi/dissertations.html

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…editor the following information after your defense.

1. The text in the back cover of your thesis in plain ASCII. This is the text that will appear on the web page.

2. A picture that serves as an illustration of your dissertation. Often this is one of the pictures that appear in the dissertation, but it can be custom made for the web as well. It is important that you have permission to allow the inclusion of the picture on this public web page. The best way to ensure this is that you yourself are the copyright holder of the picture.

If needed you can send a separate thumbnail version and a bigger version to be linked from the thumbnail. The thumbnail will be scaled to a width of 230 pixels.

ExpensesIn principle, the author is in charge of covering the expenses related to the dissertation. Typical cost items are the cost of language review, the cost of printing, and the cost of coffee service after the defense. The school will cover the cost of the auditorium for the defense.

Fortunately, many forms of support are available. First, you should definitely make use of the grants offered by the Science Fund of the City of Tampere to subsume part of the printing cost14. The information on the web is only available in Finnish, so work with your supervisor if needed to fill in the application form. Applications can be made each year in early December, and the decisions on accepted applications are made in May the following year. You can apply for this grant either before or after the defense. Allotments stay valid for two years after they have been granted. In 2015 the size of the grant was a fixed amount of 440 euros.

Another source of support is your employer. If you work in a research project, the budget may contain funds for dissemination of the research results, and a thesis defense definitely falls in this category.

As a last resort, if there are cost items not covered by the above sources, the School of Information Sciences can support the thesis expenses. Currently the maximum support from the School is 1.000 euros.

It should also be mentioned that if you proceed with your studies quickly and get the PhD in less than four years, the School can award you with an extra bonus. Recently that remuneration has also been 1.000 euros.14 http://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/yhteystiedot-ja-asiointi/avustukset/apurahat/tiederahasto.html

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4Conclusions

Although some of the steps presented above may seem tedious and pedantic, they are the culmination of a long process. Give the hard work the final touch it deserves!

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References

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Sixth Edition). Washington, DC, USA: American Psychological Association.

Heimonen, T. (2009). Information needs and practices of active mobile Internet users. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications, & Systems (Mobility ’09), Article 50, 8 pages. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1710035.1710085

Heimonen, T. (2012). Design and Evaluation of User Interfaces for Mobile Web Search. Ph.D. thesis. Dissertations in Interactive Technology 14, University of Tampere. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:978-951-44-8991-4

Hyrskykari, A. (2006). Eyes in Attentive Interfaces: Experiences from Creating iDict, a Gaze-Aware Reading Aid. Ph.D. thesis. Dissertations in Interactive Technology 4, University of Tampere.http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:951-44-6643-8

Ilves, M. (2013). Human Responses to Machine-Generated Speech with Emotional Content. Ph.D. thesis. Dissertations in Interactive Technology 15, University of Tampere.http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:978-951-44-9174-0

Jones, M. (2011). Classic and alternative mobile search: A review and agenda. International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction, 3(1), 22–36. doi:10.4018/jmhci.2011010102

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…Jones, M., Buchanan, G., Harper, R., & Xech, P.-L. (2007).

Questions not answers: A novel mobile search technique. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’07), 155–158. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1240624.1240648

Jones, M., Buchanan, G., & Mohd-Nasir, N. (1999). An evaluation of WebTwig — A site outliner for handheld Web access. In H.-W. Gellersen (Ed.), Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing: First International Symposium (HUC’99), LNCS 1707, 343–345. Berlin Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. doi:10.1007/3-540-48157-5_41

Jones, M., Buchanan, G., & Thimbleby, H. (2002). Sorting out searching on small screen devices. In F. Paternó (Ed.), Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices: 4th International Symposium (Mobile HCI 2002), LNCS 2411, 81–94. Berlin Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. doi:10.1007/3-540-45756-9_8

Jones, M., & Marsden, G. (2006). Mobile Interaction Design. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.

Jones, S., Jones, M., & Deo, S. (2004). Using keyphrases as search result surrogates on small screen devices. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 8(1), 55–68. doi:10.1007/s00779-004-0258-y

Käki, M. (2005). Enhancing Web Search Result Access with Automatic Categorization. Ph.D. thesis. Dissertations in Interactive Technology 2, University of Tampere. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:951-44-6490-7

Laitinen, P., & Mäenpää, J. (2006). Enabling mobile haptic design: piezoelectric actuator technology properties in hand held devices. In Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on Haptic Audio Visual Environments and their Applications (HAVE ’06), 40–43. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE. doi:10.1109/HAVE.2006.283787

San Agustin, J., Hansen, J. P., Hansen, D. W., & Skovsgaard, H. (2009). Low-cost gaze pointing and EMG clicking. In CHI ’09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’09), 3247–3252. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1520340.1520466

San Agustin, J., Mateo, J. C., Hansen, J. P., & Villanueva, A. (2009). Evaluation of the potential of gaze input for game interaction. PsychNology Journal, 7(2), 213–236.

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Paper I

Käki, M., & Aula, A. (2005). Findex: improving search result use through automatic filtering categories. Interacting with Computers, 17(2), 187‒206. doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.01.001

© Elsevier B.V., 2005. This is a minor revision reprinted with permission.

Paper II

Käki, M. (2004). Proportional search interface usability measures. In Proceedings of the Third Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI ’04, Tampere, Finland), 365‒372. New York, NY, USA: ACM. doi:10.1145/1028014.1028072

© ACM, 2004. Reprinted with permission.

Paper III

Publications in the Dissertations in Interactive Technology series

Details of the dissertations are available athttp://www.uta.fi/sis/tauchi/dissertations.html.

1. Timo Partala: Affective Information in Human-Computer Interaction2. Mika Käki: Enhancing Web Search Result Access with Automatic

Categorization3. Anne Aula: Studying User Strategies and Characteristics for Developing

Web Search Interfaces4. Aulikki Hyrskykari: Eyes in Attentive Interfaces: Experiences from

Creating iDict, a Gaze-Aware Reading Aid5. Johanna Höysniemi: Design and Evaluation of Physically Interactive

Games6. Jaakko Hakulinen: Software Tutoring in Speech User Interfaces7. Harri Siirtola: Interactive Visualization of Multidimensional Data8. Erno Mäkinen: Face Analysis Techniques for Human-Computer

Interaction9. Oleg Špakov: iComponent ‒ Device-Independent Platform for Analyzing

Eye Movement Data and Developing Eye-Based Applications10. Yulia Gizatdinova: Automatic Detection of Face and Facial Features

from Images of Neutral and Expressive Faces11. Päivi Majaranta: Text Entry by Eye Gaze12. Ying Liu: Chinese Text Entry with Mobile Phones13. Toni Vanhala: Towards Computer-Assisted Regulation of Emotions14. Tomi Heimonen: Design and Evaluation of User Interfaces for Mobile

Web Search15. Mirja Ilves: Human Responses to Machine-Generated Speech with

Emotional Content16. Outi Tuisku: Face Interface17. Juha Leino: User Factors in Recommender Systems: Case Studies in e-

Commerce, News Recommending, and e-Learning18. Joel S. Mtebe: Acceptance and Use of eLearning Solutions in Higher

Education in East Africa19. Jussi Rantala: Spatial Touch in Presenting Information with Mobile

Devices20. Katri Salminen: Emotional Responses to Friction-based, Vibrotactile, and

Thermal Stimuli21. Selina Sharmin: Eye Movements in Reading of Dynamic On-screen Text

in Various Presentation Formats and Contexts22. Tuuli Keskinen: Evaluating the User Experience of Interactive Systems in

Challenging Circumstances