Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy in Christian Education - Kent Hovind

8/3/2019 Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy in Christian Education - Kent Hovind

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PATRIOT UNIVERSITY

DISSERTATION FOR DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN

CHRISTIAN EDUCATION

A PROJECT SUBMTTED TO

DR. WAYNE KNIGHT

SBMITTED BY

KENT HOVIND

PENSACOLA, FLORIDA

MAY 2 9


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Dedication page

I can think f many people who have been

influential in the prduction of this book.

Miss Kim Van Gundy spent countless hurs typing

ad reyping the manuscript

M M d Dd 6uppld mputer fr this work

to be done on There have been may times they financially

supported my ministry

My wife has put up with me reading well into the

night many, many times She has also patiently let me

spend hundreds of hurs on the phone gathering information

and scheduling meetings In those hundreds of moments when

I thought of not completing this work, she encouraged me to

go on.

My three children; Kent Andrew, ric and Marlissa

have oten traveled with me as I preach n the subject of

dinosaurs and the Bible They have been a great help t me

as e set up (and later pack up) thre tables full of

books, bones, tapes, maps and gaphs for each meeting

Patriot University inspired me the continue my

education by making it pssible for me t study at my own

pace and cmplete this thesis as I could.

undreds of pastors and laymen have encouraged me

to cntinue on in this nusual and unique ministry

Many cience teachers and writers have left their

mark n m life Sme f these have been evolutionists and

some have been creatonists


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st f a I must than my Lrd Jsus Chrst fr

atntly rng th m and quppng m fr th r f

th mntry. I mar that has untd m fathfu,

uttng m nt th mnstry

nt nd

29


4/102

INODUCIN

H y na i Knt Hvind I a a

ratin/in vangit I iv in Pnaa rida

I hav bn a high h in tahr in 6 I'v

bn vy ativ in th ratin/vtin ntvry f

qit ti A an vangit Gd ha givn th

pprtnity t prah and tah th wndr f try f Hi

arv ratin vr ti ah yar t hrh

h (pbi and privat) parnt grp yth grp

n th radi and in nivrity dbat

It i y brning dir t hp Chritian gt bak

t a ip faith in Gd Wrd Satan' thd ha away

bn t inti dbt in Gd Wrd h firt ntn

that a fr Satan that i rrdd fr in th ib

i Ya, hath d aid? H tartd by ti ning

rd in th gardn f Edn

it vr in

It \40rkd thr h ha d

In th twntith ntry th ajr atta Satan ha

anhd ha bn againt th firt vn haptr f

ni H knw that th ntir ib tand r fa n

th vaidity f th haptr I b iv that th ib

i th in faib inrrant inpird pr ft Wrd f d

I biv that th ib nd t b rad and bivd a

it tand Chritian ar ftn gity f ngting r

Jiting th ib t fit

prnivd ida

thir i fty r tir


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n t h i b ook ' b c cvr i n g i n a nut h t h

r a t i on / v o u t i on c o n t r o vr y i p a i n hy i t i

o i po r t a n t t h f f t t h a t t h t h or y o f v o ut i o n h a

h ad on our ity th c r at i c n a t r n at i v a n d ha t

hou d d o a bo ut t h p r ob i t r y t o n r u t i on

t hat odr n i n h a r a i d f r o a r i p t u r a v i p o i n t

a ithout apoogy a B i b b i v i n hr i t i a n -

ha bn avd f cr tnty-t yar by t h b od f

u C hr i t Gd on b i v t h a t Gcd W or d i

i n f a i b an d f a i n vr y d ta i f t h B i b ay

that othing a ratd a rtain ay thn that i t

th ay it appnd No a a c inc tac hr ant to

kp an opn in d and undr tand hy h and hn God

r a t d t h a r t h i f t h o t h i n g an b k ncn hr ar

o th ing c annot ndr tand an d o th in g b i v

that an

i b i k t po in t out th at thr i

n ot i n g n un d r t h un ot of y ida ar th

u t f th input of hndrd of Gody n and on

t h r o u g h t h y a h a v a t t p t d i n t h i b o o k t o i p y

p i n th t h ing hav arnd through any yar o f

tuy i n g b o t h i n an d t h B i b n th at tntyto yar hav rad hundrd

o boo k by c a t i o n i t a nd vo u t i o i t a i k o n t

u b t o f o r i g i n an y g r a t t h i n k r a n d i n t i t

h av h a d a n i n f u n on . o u t o an y b u t

ut i n t h f i n a a na y i t a k t h b a / r d i t f or ha t


6/102

s t t e n n t h s b k Many thngs an ment an

e f y t h t h e e e t s h at e e a n e p e t s Sme

t h n g s n t h s bk I l n t e t an yn e I n l y a s t h a t y e a l s t a l l y l k a t t h e e a s e s e n t e a n a s k

y s e l f t h e s mp l e q e st n es t h s k e y o pe n t h e l k

es th s anse th e qest n"

b e g h t

I f t es t st m g h t

O n l y G k n s al l t h e et a l s f h t e a l l y

happene I b e l e e e h a s e e a l e ma n y e t a l s a b t t h e

o g n a l e at n n s b o k t h e B b e e y t h n g e l s e

e ome p th n hee s st o they

y ee l y b a st h a s b e en n s t m e nt a l n

a ns e n g a n m b e f q e s t n s a b t t h e e a t n

eltn ntesy I hae t e t anse qest ns as

t h g h l y a n s p t a l l y as I k no h Eah baast

e a l t t h a f f e e n t t p e hae selete sme f the

mo st h e l p f l t p s a n e el o pe t h em n t h a p t e s t a

t h s bo k h e h a t e s a n ns e e n t l y t h e s b e t

m a t t e f t h e b o k b e g n s b y s s s n g t h e s t o y f

el t n W he e e ge t t h s a y ea a ny a y h e

s e o n h a p t e e a l s t h t h e f a t t h a t e l t o n s a

e l g n a n no t a s e n e a n t h e e f e s ho l b e

e l e f om p b l s h o l l m h e t h h a p t e

e a l s t h t h e e f f e t s f e o l t n W h a t h a s t h e t e a h n

o f e o l t n b o g h t t o t h e l n t h e a y

h a m I n t h e fo t h h a p t e e e al t h t h e s b e t f

t m e o o l s t h e e a t h I n t h e f f t h h a pt e e


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suss the Bg Bg theo t h e s t h h p t e e g e

f o t o ou t t h e G eo o g o l u t h e f o u t o o f

l o l u t o t e h g hpte see e se

quest s out o t g hpte e g h t g e s

the tuth out e e h p t e e s u s s e s t h e " e s t

e ee eol ut st s he f eol ut th t s

heopte hpte te se t h e quest o " s

s e e e t e f e t h e o t o y " W e t o o k t e

h p t e s o f t h e o o k t o es t o y t h e e f e o e o l ut o

l e

fout

ee egt te quest os out th e et o

out ge the Be ee to e see Nue

oe o l l s e t st s e e e eol u t o

hpte el ee e suss set sts pst pe set ho

e e e t o s t s hpte tel e e se ool y

s e o p l t e es s o f t s t h Ge es s 2 .

hpte t h tee e g e t eest g eee t h t

o s u s e e t o e t h e B l e I el e e t h t

os u s e ot o y t h e B l e ut t h e y h e l e

t h l t h o u gh h s s t h o us ye h s t o y

hpte fout ee e el t h the quest o Ae osu set t h p t e f f t e e e suss the h

osu footp ts fou togethe l e ose es

h pt e s t e e e g e t e e t o st s l t e t e

t he o y t o e p t h e g e o l o g f e t u e s o f t h e e t h t h

s thous ye feok


8/102

Wh l e a l l t h e e e e s n t n ye t ee l t

s s t l l t h b e s t t t t a e G s a t a e al e

he B b e has ee be e pe ng yet an b el ee tnee b e


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ISOY O VOUION

W h e e n t h e l t h e e a c m e m t h a t

t h n g s l e t t t h e m s e l e s c a n m p e t h t m e Wh

ul s t a t a c a y e a l k e t h a t h s e a s t he

o p p s t e e e y t h n g t h a t e s e e n t h e l t a y

o n s t a n e a l l t h e h g h ay s n n a t n tay let t

t hemsel es eay ete at e an al l apat A hse

l e t t t s e l l l e c m e a e k I t t a k e s k an

n s t a t p l a n n n g t m a k e a n y t h n g m p e e y t h n g

e n s t o a s o e he st an secn las

hemynams ae e l l e s t a l s h e s e n t c l a s t h a t

hae nee een se e n th e n ese t e ken he

s t l a says that mat te annt e c eate n est ye

y onay means We not see anythng eng eate

t ay an yet e see an ent e un e se eate

ma te a l h s l e a l y n a t es a e t hee ae

e o p l e n t h e o l t o a y h s h t a t h e c n e p t

o he not l ke the e a o a Go tel l n them hat

o o heeoe they hae ome up th the most

nge o us a mn a l e o t n e e e y m ag n e e l u t o n . I

ou l l k e n t h s h a pt e t t a e t h e h st y

e ol u t on a y t n e Whee t h s ange us t ne

ome om

o l u t n s p e l y a e l o n hee s n

s e n t e e n e at a l l t a k up a ny o m o ma

e o l u t n


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h e t e h a e t e u t m e a s

h ae h e e s q ue st t h a t t h g s h a g e Al

h g e s e t e e t h e a t a l e s s e

e t t t h e ms e e s u p a t h a m as t e m b e h t

h e t e s t h a t e e h a e e l e e t h e y e a s

h e t y h e e y u a e p b a b l y t e e e s t

thee hue yeas ag A e g e p e ss t l m e t h a t

t e s e e t h t m e s a t h m a g e e

y u se t h s s y u e t e e t h e y u e

u g a e s g a e s g e a t s p l a e

t e l l g e t p g e s s t h a s e e b y e Nt e

t h e b u l g s yu t y b u l t t se b y th e mat e a l

s g up u t t h e g u t t h ap p e t h a t ay

t es t ee happe that y. t e e l l h a p p e

ht y t e qu es t e l l g e e a e s g e .W h e I s p e a e l ut am t e e g t

s m l m h g es t h a t t u a l l y u as m a l s h e t

m e s me u s t me t s t t h e e m e t F s t a e

e e l e as e h u e s ab b t s e t h l

t e l y t h e m l s t h t h e h e e u u

s u e . o t h a e y ea s t h e p p u l a t u ha e

l t t l e h e a e u t h a t h e e e p u l t s hese

s ma l l m p p u l at sh t s b u g ht b ut b y e me t

e e e e t as m el ut . hee has bee

h g e t h e g e et m a te a l t h e b b t hee has

l y b ee h a g e th e a t t h e p p ul a t Y u

st l l h a e t h e same k a ma t h t l mt e e e


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t h a n g e a t a m e mat e t h e p p at n

a n m a s h a n g e a t h a n g a g h t e

M a -e t n e e n e a s h a n g n g n t a

e en t k n a n ma he e s n s m a t y et ee n

m e t n an ma et n Many e t n sts

s e m - e t n t t y t p e t h a t m a

et n s t e We mst ga se es nt t a

t h s a s e g

he e a t h a t e t n s t s t y t g et a ss t a y

s tht thee s a ntna pa pgessn. hey

a m t h a t e e y t h n g s g e t t n g et t e m p n g a y

t s e as t h e e s an n n e e t a m e p e e t

a n e h s s t t a y pp s t e t h e s t an

sen a themynam s. t ges aga nst a

s ent e ene that has een am at e Y e t t h s

e s hat many men e ee tay . We nt see t

hppeng anyhee n nese tay

e e e t h s n t h e s s e .

e t see any

ke t tae the h sty e t n

eg nn ng th the a tn m heaen thgh the

st s th san yeas t menay e t n an

e p a n h t t h s e t e ah n g t h t n e h a e p a n n e

the te

e a y n e s t a n t h e h st y e t n e

hae t nestan the ath. atan s the mastemn

eh n th s a se t n e e as th n t heaen

e a se h s e s e t e a t h m s e t gh ne


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t h n d y i g s s t h t t i s t s y

i s b s i t s t s i d I s h 3

s y s I i s t h g y t h d t s d

i y t h h g h t { s s t h d " Gd i s g i s t

d . I I s i h 4 4 t h B i b t s s t h

St hn

t th h i s t h n i n g h t th t d t thg n d h i h d i d s t k n t h n t i n s t h h s t s i d i n t h i h t I i s n d

i n t h I i t y th n b thst s Gd I i s i t s n th nt t h g g t i n i t h s i d s t h n t h I s d b t h h i g h t s t h d s ; I i b i k t h st g h

t n n th ssg Gd sys tht i st dn

i

I sn y b i tht St h

bt hnd d y s t t h t n Ad nd

b i th t h hd t hd Ad nd h shi

t h t h i t t h i d d ny i h s h t .

hd b n Gd s h i d i t s n h s t d i s

s i t b Gd s tht d hn Gd st h i t

hn

k i 8 t s i t g h s y

g n s t y s It i s b s th tt tht th

k g y s i t ty St n k i

2 8 2 -5 s ys

Sn n sy nt th i ys hss i t h t h d G d B s t h i h t i s t d h s t h i d d t h h st s i d

I

gd I s i t in th st Gd n th i dst th ss ; yt th t nd t Gd


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thgh th set the hert s the hert f B e h t h r t w s e r t h e l t h e r e s seret tht they he fr thee; t h t h y w s w t h t h y e r s t g t h

hst gtte thee r hes hst gtt e g s e r t t h t r e s r e s By thy gret ws by t h y t r f f h s t t h c r e s e t h y r c h e s

h e h e rt w s f t e p b e c s e f t h y b t y th hst rpte thy ws by res f thyb r g h t e e ss w l st t h e e t t h e g r , w y t h e e b e f r e g s t h t t h e y y b e h t h e e

y s s t y p e f S t w h l f t e h s he rt r e s

e t e e p e t e l y t h e B b e s b e g e f t h e

ths tht htes he te see hre

e f e r e e s t p e t h t s h w s t t t e t w r t e

tes t ere e seer l

e 2 1 w l b r e t h e p d e f y r p w er S 2 3 t l r e s e e e g l y pdlyP s l 1 2 h e w c e h s p d e th persecte

t h e p "

P s 1 h e w e t h gh t h e pr d e f h sct e e w l l t see f t er

P s l 3 6 'P d e psses the bt s h 1

s 1 1 5 t h t h th h g h l p Lde t w l l t s f f e

s 1 12 1 h hst ebe the prd

P 6 1 6 he se s t h g s t h t h e r ht e D

F 8 13 P d e g y c h t e "P 1 3 1 O l y b y p d e et h c t e t "P 1 5 25 he w l es t y t h e h se f

t h e prcd


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1 5 ey ne th t s pd n t h e h e t s b m n t t t h e

1 e g e th b e r e e st r t 4 An h g h pud h e t s

s

s 1 4 1 St n s f s e "

Jer 3 " e t t t h e se m n g y n h sw s d e t h e et t h e m h t mg y n h s m; et n ct t h e c h n g r y n h s h e s

be 3 e h th ec e e t h ee

M tt 3 " e t h e Ler mst r ms t f e st s "M t t 3 1 h s e e s h e h t m se f s h

b e b se "

M r k F t h n p ee e t h g h t s e Lke 1 5 e s t t e e t h e pd t h e

m g n t n f t h e h e t s

m 1 3 " r f e ss n g t h e m se es t b e s e pr d 1 Kn e g e p f f e t h p

" h t y s nt p f fe p "

m 3 f t e p t h p r e ye f nt

m . ' - "Men sh be er s f th e r se es prd

J m es G r e s s t et h t h e prd 2 1 " pr d e f f e "here y he st fe f the my erses n the

B b e t h t e t h pr e G h t es p r e n h s

p e S t n e e h e e t h ms e t e e

the thrne f G h s s h e e e t n s t t e t


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sta t han th hat of Sat a Satan a a

mb of angl s t hat fol l o h m ast o t th

a t h . h ha th stoy at th hat of

ma n Ma n s t y n g t o a l t h ms l f h s s h a t

ol t o s t ac h g t o a y t h a t m a s t h p n a c l t h

l t m a t

Whn Sata al h o l o t t a o th

t h on o f Go h to st oy hat Go ha at

nsta. Sat

th f o m o f a s p t b o g h t t h o c t n f o l t o t o t h G a o f E n . I Gss

35 th spnt says to E y s h al l b a s g o s .

P s th sam thg that Sata s to as t h f al l

o f ma th Ga of E . Sata as alos of Aam

an E an th l o s n o t h Go h sam s t

toay Sata ats y attntn ay tm y t y t o

s th anl y ath Wh Aam a E fl l fo th

l that thy c ol bc om as gos th oct n of

ol t o n a s s c ss f l l y n t o c t o t h o l M a s

a g ha b aal to a h as no long

contt th th stats Go ha gn hm

Wh t go om th Gs s 43 s ay s A

ocss of tm t cam to ass that an boght of

th f t f th g on a of f ng t o th " a

kn btt G o a t a b l o o s a c f Go ha sh

nocnt bloo to o th s of Aam a E a

Go a nt a b l o o y an m a l s a f a l a mb t o b p s

a n thoght that h o l gt fao th Go by b ng ng


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t h w f h s wn h a n d s a n m t d t h v l t n a y

d t n t h a t m an a n g s s b y h s w n f f t s t w a s

a n ' s d t h at a s d h m t d s ga d G d ' s mman d s t

b n g a l a m b n s t a d h b g h t t h f t f t h g n d

wh h s n t s h s w n f f t s t l a s G d Whn Gd

t d h s f f h b a m an g y a t G d S n h l d

nt h t Gd h tk t h s a n g n Gd ' s s a nt h s

b t h n d , h s l w h bh bas hs

b t h s sa f wa s a c d W a t l d l a t n t h

N w s t a m nt t h a s n wh y a n k l l d h s b t

Jhn 3 1 2 w ad Nt as a n wh was f th at w kd

n a n d s l w h s b t h A n d w h f s l w h h m

B a s h s wn w k s w v l a nd h s b t h s

n

g h t L s " h s s s t l l t t d a y Anyn that ds

gd n t h s w l d s h at d b y t h s t h at d v l a n ' s

f f t s t l s t G d m t w t h d s a s t a n

wa s d v n t f m h s f a m l y t w an d n t h w l d s

dsn d a n t s a a nt l y n t n d t n g G d M an f l l

f d w l l s l d m a d m t t h a t h s w n g

h v l n t h w l d n t n d t g t w s nt l

G d h a d t d s t y t h n h a b t a n t s f h a t h w t h a

f l d Whn th l d was v Sat an bgan t w k n

Nahs dsndants h st y f vl t n t ns n

G 22 And am th fath f anaan saw th

n a k dn s s f h s f a t h a nd t l d h s tw b t h n

w t h t " am n s t a d f d n g t h w s t h n g f v n g

h s f a t h s n a k d n s s w n t t a nd l a g h d a b t t t


17/102

h t brthr v dnt Th rtd n cr

bng p c d pn H nn H prd d

h t tr t k fthr bd p h r

cttng d n thr r tvtd b prd

h th nk kng n r h

k th v k bttr

h tr ntn n Gn 1 T h p p h d

bn cndd b Gcd t prd ct nd rpnh th

r t h dc dd ntd t r b gnt Gcd '

thrt nd xt thv G 18 And

h bgt Nrd ; h bgn t b ght n n th

H ght hntr bfr th rd hrfr

t d Evn N d t h ght hntr b fr t h

rd Th r d b fr ' n th t vr n n th fc

f th rd gnt th rd Nr cd r b c n

nt th rd cd h t bgn cntrtn f th

T r f Bb t h t ntn d n Gn

1

d th h rth f n ngg nd fn chAnd t c t p th nd f r th t tht th fnd pn n th n fhnr nd th d t th

And th d n t nthr G t t kbrk nd brn th thrgh And th hdb r k fr t n nd hd th fr rt r And th d G t t b d nd tr h tp r c h nt hvn ; nd t k n t b cttrd brdpn th f c f th h rt hAnd th r d c dn t th t nd tht r hch th ch dr n f n b d And th r d d Bh d th p n ndt h hv n ngg; nd th th bgnt d ; nd n nthng b rtr nd fr


18/102

h e h c h h e y h ae a e o o G o l e o o a h e e o o h e l a a e h a h e y ay o e a o e

a o h e eec h o h e o a e e h e a b o a o h e e o h e a c e o a l l h e ea h a h e y l e o o b l h e c y T h e e o e h e a e o c a l l e Ba be l ; b e a e h e o h e e c o o h e l a a o a l l h e e a h ; a o h e c e h e o a e h e a b o a o h e a c e o a l l h e e a h

h o e e e e e a e e o e a l h e l o h e

ea Go T h e e o h e eb e l a e h e e o l e o

a o o b e y G o They ae o ay oehe a

b l b e ee h o h G o h a c o a e h e o

e a o a l l h e e a h

Ba by l o a o e o h e e b l a e h e

lo . l l e o ay h e e o l e e l c a l y

ea o ae Go e he by o he

aae.

A h o h e o k e a l l e e

1 a a e b e a e h e o o oL e h e e e h .

r o eea l ee a o hey l e aboL h

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A e a e h e h o y o eo l o b e o e

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e a l e e l o o eol o h h e h e y l l

h o e h a h e y o l e a l h e el e o o h oo o h e

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19/102

Weser brahes f ev i

I h e r p e a i y , a a y i a r e a f A s i a

M i r a d h e r y f T r k e y , e h av e h e We s e r br a h

f e v i . I h e r i e s f h i a , J ap a , a d I d i a

e a s e r b r a h f e v i d e v e p e d

a a y d e v e p e d s i a e s y

T h e b r a h e s

The d as ab 400 B C h i h aes i ab

400 years ag. T h e T er f B a b e as p r b ab y b

i h h e f i r s h r e e f i v e h d r e d y e a r s a f e r h ef d . es s asse ha i as ab 100 B he

h e Te r o f B ab e as b i . The pepe ere saered

r h e T o er . M a y f e p e p e , i h e i r p r d e , s i

r i e d f i d s e ay b e e h e i r g d

h e b a s i i v e b e h i d e v o i

T h i s i s

o r h e e x s ev er a h d r e d ye a r s f o i g h e

Toer of Babe , here ere ay ev ioary-ype yhs

assed do fr o geer a i o o geer a i o I h e year 4

. . a f e o a ed T h a e s a s b or i As i a M i or

o i h i i f e he be g a h e f i r s o f h e od e r

A se

e o a r y d r e s e s a i d h a a h a d e v o v e d f r

as aias had e fro pas pa s had oe fr

or g a i e e e s a d a o f h e s e h a d o e f r o a e r

Aaader oe of h e sde s of Tha es e ar ged o

h i s heor y s i g h y A a i a de r i v e d f r o o 5 4

e agh Pyhagoras, ho is faos fr he

y hagr ea he re sed i a hea i s .


20/102

A h i s p i , h e r e as a s p i i h e

e v i a r y d r i e e g r p b e a me a h e i s i , a d

s a i d h a h e r e a s d y h a g r a s s a r e d h e g r p

h a b e a m e p a h e i s i e s a i d h e r e h a d b e a d

based he desig he sa i are, b he gd ha he

sa as he gd i a r e T he i d e a i m i i g d h e

a r a e e me s i s h e der y i g h eme f p a h e i s m e

i ve d f r m 5 8 8 B e b e i ev ed h a a r e i s

d i v i e T h er e a r e b as i a y h r e e y pe s f r e i g i s i h e

d T h e f i r s yp e i s a h e i sm h i h s ay s h a h e r e i s

d sa m 1 1 a s h e p ep e h b e i e ve he r e i s

d f s . T he se d yp e f r e i g i i s pa he i s i

h i h s ay s h a a r e i s g d T h i s g r p s ay s h a h e

i v er s e i s i r f i s e f a d k s ha i a s

a h e i s m i m p a r s a d i v i e a r e h e

e e m e s . T h e h i r d y p e f r e i g i s ay s h a d i s

s i d e f a b v e , a d be y d i s r e a i . e is

i m i e d b y i s r e a i i y ay .

i f i i e d f h e B i b e

T h i s i s h e a m i g h y

raes as a paheis reek phispher h

i e d f m B . r a e s d i d e a ve m a y

r i i g b h i s s de a r e p r i f i a y a ,

e h i s e a h er r a e s as d e f i i e y a p a h e i s . e

a s b e i e ve d h a a r e i s g d M i f r m h i s b k

T he r i e s f h e U i v e r s e , pg. says


21/102

P at s kes se f ather g i a t t er f t h g h t i d e s r i b i g t h e i ve r s e sa - i s i v e i v i g C r e t r e , e hse bdyi s e f e t y s he r i a d h s e s aiates

t h e h e r d I a d d i t i t t h i s Wr d -S ,t h e va r i s i d i v i d a h ea ve y b d i es ar er e g a r d e d b y P t a s d i v i e b e i g s

t h e r t i g s f P at e h ve v e r y d e f i i t e

d es r i t i f t h e g r et h i f b e i g , r rder f the

r d e t a gh t th a t t h e i v er se i s i v i g

r e t r e i i t s e f P at s i d e as t e f as e s i

i e v t i b t e f de s e d i g e t h gh t t h a t t

et fr d t a ad d t the ti arties

i s i d e f t t i g e v e r y t h i g i i e e at r d e r e

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h i f b e i g

De r tes i ved fr 0 t 32 B C e started a

h d the Ati st s h Dertes ied the

d t e t h g h t t h t t h e i t e r y f t i

t i e s s t h t s e e s s r y t de s r i b e h t h e

verse gt her e the se bs i de s is tght i

d e v t )

t e e t s t d e t f P t ed Ar i s t t e .

e i v e d f r 8 t 322 B . Ar i s t t e d e ve e d t h e

e f Be i g e b e i e ve d i r e i r t i h i h

t hes th t af ter deth y d r etr t eath as a e

i g ei ther hgher r r deed ig h y behved

d r i g yr r e s e t i f e T h i s i s ver y s i i ar t t h e

d e r - d y s t e r r e i g i s e d e v e e d t h e i d e a f a

)


22/102

r r e f y a p a e a y r e f

e A r e b e v e a e e g r e r f

a r e e be eve e eer a ay

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a r e

r e a .

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from r f a b e a r r e f a

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av ba pp f rg. Oe ppy

ayg a r g a a e er

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23/102

i d i s beae very ar ar 0 0 B C I

r baby bega ay years bere h a h s r e i g i i s

b r k e i r b r a h e s V ed a a i s h e s a rbr ah I e a h e s h a h e i v er se i s a i v i g s

i k h i s i s a aher brah ha bega ard 15 A . D

J a i s i s a b r a h i d i s h a s ay s h a h e r e i s

gd a a . J a i s e h e s h e d r e K a r a h i s i s

a s ys e r e i a r a i h e r e e e a r e s a y b e i g

b r b a k a s a d i e r e r e a r e d e e d i g h hey

i ved i h i s r d he i a s a ge h i s r e i a r a i

s N i r v a h i h i s a i h i a i a d y i a y g e

s i g b a k Y s e a se e x i s he Lrh

br ah i s a e d a hy a h h s a s a h e i s i

her r e i g i de ve i g h e as e r r d

d r i g h i s i e a s i i s s i v ed r

1 e very srgy edrsed aesr

r sh . her e as gd r a er i e h e sys e

d e v e ed by s as s y a sys e e h i a ,

d r a g a i e a h g s . s v er y

e s r e g y e d

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deveed rd . D s d ys, h ere bh

e d h e e er e er s Zr s e r i s

e ss b e h h e i e e h e eh ehe er e

h he r e i s y r v e h i s e r a i

s r e g i b e e ve d h a d d er e e q a y

er h e r e b y i g d his shs ha hey did


24/102

h a v h r g h v w f d h r h g

as r r g s s p r d a

h s

h B d d h s r g as a s d v p g d r g

h s h a s B dd h a v d f r 63 B .

B d dh a s h g h d . h s r g

r g a d I d a , a d w as a r x p d f r h a

r a r b a v r p p l a r h a .

v a , r g d w h h a h g s f f s , a d

b a a s r f h dg -p dg r g . was a vr

a h s r g h a d a vr r g d s s f K a r a ,

a s a a s a f f s s . B ha a, h

b v d h a r d d s a h a r a , a s h

a d , w r r f d h r a r a

s B dd h s f h r g a r .

hr

h f h a r as r r g h a bga ha

pr d was a s fdd b a v d f r

64 1 7 B . h s r l g w as a a l f

f s a s h a . a s . was a s a

l a r r l g b l a r d h p f h

a h g War Agas d, p 22 I as a l pa h s ph l sp h . as ahs ha

a r s b - p a r A l f a r s d v d d a d

a g Y s r p r s d b w a r h d , a d ag

s r r s d b f r a h r d .

h f a r as r r g s h a d v l p d

d r g h s wr d s , f a s , Zr as r s ,

B d d h s , a d a s . B a s f h a h s a d


25/102

a h e i h i l h i e f h e e r e l i g i , a d h e l a k

f i r a e l a e d d , h e e r a e f i i

h e e r i e a v e r i l e W he h e ev l i a r d r i e a a g h i h e e r i e , h e e l e d i d

have h a g e h e i r r e l i g i i r d e r i l d e i

l i ad i bl eded i f i e i h h e a e r

r e l i g i ab 1, a a aed Ye r al aed

T h a l e b k i Ch i e e h a a r b a b l h e

r i g i i C h i a led he a fr i

a k e v er a f h e r i e a l r i e

A h e i e f Ch r i i a a l i v er al l

a e ed a i e i f i f a h a h e r l d a i f i i e l

l d T h e h i l h i e e i ed a b ve er e v er

r e va l e d r i g h e d e ve l e f h e e ar l h r h

T h e e a r e h e h i l h i e h a e r e r e f e r r e d i C l

2 her e he Bi bl e a ear e l e a a i l

h r g h h i l h a d v a i d e e i A h e A l e a l

a r e a h i g ar i l l , he b e ga h i er b a l k i g

ab h i f i i e r e a , h e d h a ad e h e r l d

T h e a l d i h e i d f ar h i l l a d a i d Ye e f Ahe er e i ve ha i al l

h i g e ar e er i i r a J aed b, ad behel d r dev i Ifd a a l ar i h h i i r i i , TO TUNNOWN O Wh heefre e igralr h i h i d e l a r e I d h a a de h e r l d a d a l l h i g h er e i eei ha he i rd f heave ad ea r h d l l ; h i e l e d e i h h a d ; A 1 22)

h i i e d i a e l g h e el e ' a i . We are


26/102


27/102

par f a g ar a ga s d T e a d e a s b r g

d d f f s r e S a a a s a ay s a e d d

a a d e as ' g ve p ye

May e Aeadra s ere f s

p sopy . e y a a y r e - p e d p a r s f e B b e

be re e er be ef s ad ade a are k

d ay as e A e x a d r a a s r p s ese ave bee

d s r e d e d a d r e e ed b y s B b e b e ev g C r s a s

be a s e e r e a r e d f f e r e e s e s e a s r p s a d e

er a s r p s f e B b e M a y f e A e a dr a

asrps are der a e asrps sed by e

b ebe evg rs as ye der des ea be er

y ak e sese a f a asrp ere aeped

s ae by e beevers a d be sed ver

vr as r e a e py be

a e b e e k e e e s v e y b y e p r e s s

ve r y a a b e e p e r r e y e y ev e

e b er f e er s v er f y a a as r r e .

e p y b e d e s r y e s pr ess as

epeae es as asrps beae sabe se

as r p a ere aep ed d be sed ad

e r e f r e d a s g e r e A e a dr a a s r p s

r e e s r e f a y e er day r as as .

I s ad f g g e r g a a s r p s e d e r

r a s a r s av e b e e s g e A e a r a T s r e s s

a p e r v e r g a d a e r g d f e S r p r e s


28/102

A her vey uea ma h e A ea da

sh as a ma by he ame r ge e as br

a p p m a e y 5 A a d d e d 5 A rge had a very

veheme dese pu he evuary hery pahesm

Chsay e espea y hugh ha eess 1

a d e e d e d b e h a g e d e augh ha hey ee a

a eg y a my h . e s a d h e s e h a p e r s e e u s a

s y r y e p a sme he presses d used ad

ha h ey ere be ae er a y he dea c e es s 1 a d b e g e a y s e a y a c u r a e

a d u e p b a b y h a s e s m a s h e

e a h g s g e e s a key ma he hsry

he e ma hs hsy evu s a ma

b y h e a m e A u g u s e e as br app maey 353

A D a d d e d a b u 3 A . D e s a ed Auguse by

h e a h hu h Auguse s p ays a v pa

h e a h h u h d e . e u d b e h e eq u va e

h es ev us day .

Abu 6 A D . Mhmmed h e uder he

eg sam haed he pyhesm ha as aud hm

a he m Oe hs gs ad deses as devep a

mhe e g . e dee ped a uusua mu e

eee hsay ad udasm e e ve u a y b e a me

vey a- hsa e a e d a m e d d a u r e a

p a h e s y p e g d he gd Mhammedsm s he

d h e B b e b y a y s e h h e m a g a I s


29/102

e p n e od o f r e Bee of , e

m reon ep evoo ver red

enf f bee f o e er

e e o n r o f T r e ( m o

o ded ed o Mommed evo o f .

1 2 2 A . m bor nmed Tm Aq

e e d " e n e d : or e ed

Ane de of e p e od e ver

n f e n r evv Aro e ' e n e

o r A m er o f be m e

e o r o m e A o e

ne fr e o of e vere or o od

be reed ere

e e 1 6 ' e o ve e d e

eoe e ooed e moo d oed e ed

f e of e moon e en d e moo no

mo e A e d A o e d d b k

B . e moo e e fe moo er e

b o e f e e eo even

bed book ed e moon no moo

A e o or d ed b eo on eor o f

v A o e d d e v er o b e f fer e obe eo oved o be

n e md 1 6 e o d e e o f d e

b e o r d o e f er e o f

e e moon o moo e d d r ed

e e d o r n e o f A o e b e


30/102

h h b g H t a s bk t say that

h as g a t hat th as p c ty sth . h

p st s r s t k t h g h G a s t s p

as thy sa th at t as pssss h h

A s t t s p h s p h y t h s t h p p t h at

t as s s t g t h a t s c t p g s s as h r .

W a t h s a t h g t a y . h aty tahg

t s h g s t p g ss

h a s A a s a s bt a y s r a .

Hr h as s y g . H as a r y t a

ps th Rassa h s a t h a t

H s t a t h a t h t h A a k g

a ss a h s as a t g t t g p p t t h k

a g a Thy b ga t s pt a r g g a

a t a th h h p a t ar

h t t a h ara tr t r

t a g t h h st r y t s t a t

H as r 5 a at 13. H as ry

at - a t t ay h t t

bl t h H a s t a s H

t a k h h as h s a sp a k a r

a. H a s a y a a t h s t t st a

t r a st . H a gat t a g : t h

a r t h . H as x t a t h r g t h as

t p a t a y t h t r y r a

A t h a at t h t as M a p t s b r 1 6 9

a

a 1 5 H a s a p h ys s t a a at h a t a a


31/102

as a s r n d o ot a r ot o ts n atd

r st a t y t a pa s s n a n d a n t d t o d o a n yt n g t y

o d t d s r d t t B .ta r orn 1 64 and d d n 1 as a d st

and as n p n n y o r st an t y . Wn as

yar s o a g r d T p t s o a n d n s

dat d sa d a aandond y d and an. sa

go t o H s as o o t d as s ay n g o d d d n ot

st t od nssary r an to nnt " Many

pp n gs tday s t t to p pp aay

r t a n t y Vta r as td a say n g "

ad nr n orn . H s ao ad t a

d at r aa Ntn . Ntn ad n dtatng n

n 1 says " Lt t an t p t

d nd a t k n t t t t nd any

a r n t nd o and kndg sa n r ad .

t d tat d tat day an d go r

t an pr or Vta r p kd p n t s and

agd H tn tr ad rnd pr a n g at t

d da n t t pt L tgt nt

Nt Vt a r ad a d t r nd a a yng an

ad A d atn a ar and pr a y a

n g t r n ot n ot a r t r d t

ta a tn-day r tad a n-day

st t try to gt pp aay r t sn days

at n . T s o o r s as a sr a a r T s

s t an ap o at tr d t d t gt pop


32/102

y r m h e B i b e nd r m C hr i i n i y

An h er r en c h m n d r i n h i i m e r m i

h e 1 nd 17' mn nmed m e de

B n ( 7 7 - 1 7 88 e h e d i r e r h e r e n h

b n i r d e n r i y y e r e r i i c

hr e r e 44 m e er i e n c i e n c e c e d

i X r e h i i e i n r y i d e

d h i r i i n b e r e h e r e n h e i n h e

er r e n d h i n h d e n d h e

e er y i n en i i n r e d i n h e

y e i n r nd h e r d

Anher mn h ery imrn e r c e h e

h i r y e i n i E r m D r i n h e r n d h e r

h e D r i n e b r n i n 7 3 1 nd d i e d i n 8 e

n e r e me y e r n n h e h e y

h d r e i n h e d i n i n r m b e h h e

d g h e b e e m ed i d r e

er y i m m r . e h d e e e i i m e h i d r e n

d w i e i i m e h i d r e n e knn he hd

n i r . e e d m i r e r h e r e n h

i h e r R e h h e h i e h i h e r h e

D r i n d e i n n h e i b

rn nen hr i i n i y n 1 7 h e r e

b e d Znmi h i h n i n e d m n y h ee i n r y i d e h er e e r i me d b y h r e h i

he Un i ed S e nd En nd ere n ye red y

e h e e i n r y i d e b e e h e r e i


33/102

s u s r ng r i s i n i n f u n A b u 5 s r

i s gr n s n C r s g r f r m r n i s f

i n Ersms Dr in f n unr i i n

i r m i ng m En g n i n 1 7 00 ' s

i n i i s n i n i n r

i s s r u i n i s s f r q u n i

i f s r s i f s g i n s i n

i n g s f i b r f r u i n i s n s

wa y f r m us i f i r i f s r b m i s

n f i s n n f s i n n ' n

th t b a bcas f i r i i f s Tat

is tir r r b m

n m n i n i n f u n i r i n i s

i s r f i n s n i s m r b r n i n

1 did in 18 mr fmus bs n

zlgy n in 18 n n in 1815 H was a rn

"tist H s in by t Fn Rltinary

gvrnmnt wa ry bittly n i - i b n n i

Critia. H atd t Bibl, ially t r i n n

th f1 :d st H wa dtermind t giv an

altrnativ xplanatin fr hw t art gt r bid

th ratin and f als wa an i m m r m n

H d i illgitimat ildrn by tr i f f r n mn

H taught a try at gia f fs had ngr nks bas

wld strt tir n s ra s igr

n t r s s tat w nt abl t tt wld

simply i u i n i m s f r ug n g n s


34/102

g r f f e o d h r o h e r h d r e h

k o h e h e r c e o f c q r ed c h r c er c

h e r e o b o g od y h be e e h h e or y

A qred r re o her ed bee hey he o

e f f e c o h e g e e c er

ed he he ded

r c k d ed oer y d

e f he e gre y f eed by r k

n e d h r e ye ye b o r 1 7 9 7 d d e d

1 87 e e d he f h e o f od e r g e o g y e yer , o c e e d e e e d h c e d

g e g o u h u g h

eer y erh ee roo ody_ h e h o e d e o f h e

e o g u b ed o u f or r or he

r ee he key o he h e oed

e 3 he re y n he dy of fe r r e g o g

oe d hey y h o e hey ere

e y I eer 3 h hey re g y

gor f he re o d he f ood h e f o o d e

e gy h e ree r ee d e eo gy

Te odo R er d d fr he r d yo he

d ny fo red he f ood e do ye ok

he o d h o o hy f n ur d ed e r h

h ry S d y y o f he r e of h d y

eed h h oohy hey hugh e

d e h e B b e d o e ho k e h e B b u f

r e o d e e o o f e ye c ee r y ed

h r o f h d y h h e r r e o u e c h g e


35/102

re bcc Pr c e c G e c g hbk h eced Chr e Dr h e he h

ye h e M Be e my yer er ye Dr r e d d r e d h m b h h b k r g e e ye hd deerm dery he de he Bb d h e md e e e rcmced

h e e h Ech h ee me b

eh her k d here meme

h e e r y 8 d r m h e m r h y e m

e me hey h h e Bb e h h y h d

ey he k d her ere h e B e d he y

e m r y . h ey hh h y dr he B b e hey

d e b e dr m h e mr h hey hd

e r e h

r m r m ye e r d ed h he ed

M c e y e ery hred d heree eer

e y < k e d h e B e . e r y M r h k g r Ag d y y e d m h d e r e d er m e h e h y h e

.

he e m e me r h e hr y

e m y he me hr e Dr D r was r 89 d d ed 88 e m m

k h he hr ed he e d e he De e

M h r e d m m he r g e e Q Me r ee h k hd b e e d he r e e r h e r e d R e


36/102

h e S r gg e or i e He oo ie yer oyge i he

1 830 o h e HM S B e g e D r i g h o y ge h e r e d

e e i e y ye b oo h i g r e y i e e d h i m o i h h e e r h m i i o o yer o d Whe he

r e r e d r o m h i oy g e h e e o r g ed b y y e o

b i h bo D r i r o e o r m y y e r b e e r

b i h e d h e b o o y e r e i e d h m m ed

e g o i g o b e D r i o h e h i b i h i g

h boo o eo i o ye e or ge d D r i o g o

he d d b i h h i b oo D r i b i h ed i i 8 59

h e d r i R e o i o e d er y d e o e

er e oo i g or om e y i y h e r e y h

o m i ed h i r e o i o Ch i 1 d 1 bo r e he

e . D r i ' bo o h h e o r d e e d ed o

i h e r e r h e i o h e i d r i

e i o r i h d h e o o g y d e g r e e

d e r er y r o d y h e i

e beme

h e r e r e m y

i e o h m r e e i g o h i d e h be d b h e r e i

m h o i o o h e e

h e e e y h r e r i h e h i o r y o e o i o

K r M r b o r i 8 8 d d i e d i 8 8 3

e o h e h e r m m i m Kr Mr ery

mh i e ed yog er by m g e m e

m e o g i h H er b e r e r J m e r i er d r d

y o r d o me o he r e r e r d e D r i i hey

r o g y r omo e d D r i e h i g r i r y ho e o

o o o r e i g i o T h e y b e g e h i g b h e


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h e ve m h e i m ( h e b e e i e G d h e r e

e v i They id h m ed b e i eve i n my

g d d g r d y d e ed e g d he y g h

h r e g i y e v v ed h i i e ec h g

h i p r m e d dy i i ve i i e

M v er y e g i i c m e h d d e i e

h r e d r G d d h e B i b e e b r i r c h

m y e g d i e d r i e d r c h E ge ,

i e de r E g d T he y b e i e ve d h r gg e

i h e m e d e v e p m e Be e h i b e i e , h ey

hgh h rgge gd By h e i m e Dr

p b i h e d M h d r e dy r i e ev er b k

d de ve p ed h i e v i y i d e Eve hgh Mr

r i h h e i m e d k e h e e h e p r

y he y i ever y Cmm i r y dy her e re

i y e h e e r e me y r i h d h

ereme :-} mmim de ve he prbem h

i i m i g g v e y r e h e

p r b e m e e h e i d e d ev e pm e b y

r gg e Mr r e d i y e p ed D r i b he i

b h ed i 8 5 B y Deember 85 mh

e r D r b p b i h ed M r d E ge e r e

r e p d g e r i g D b . h e y i d h

e y h h e y h d b ee i g r y h e i r

r L g g e M r r g y e m p h e d h

e i r m e e e , i e mr hd d i ed he

b e i e h e r r h r e q i r e d be p e d


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g e e t i y t t e et g e e t i d f f e t t e

te f e t i i m i t y e d t t i f t e

e i

t u g t t t e ut i d e t e d e e t e d

t e y d i g f t i t e e i r m e t

t e y f m u k t t d i y ge d t e d

e mmL i t M i fet d D K i t e m e t i m e " i t e g e m y e f g i t t e e

e e d e e t i y m i e d t t

B e e f M d t i e f C mm i m e i e f i d

u t e d B i e e e t e d d m i i f e e e

t t e i i e i i u t i e u d t e d

ud gm e t D y M i e e i e f t e i e d

d f m i i f e e . M , i t i i t t e t e d

td d deeed Cmmuimet g i t e W i t e e u t i y

e t i ue i g i d e y t e i

i t d t e u e t e tgd e eme e

i f u t t d e e . E t e e m e e e i g i t

te e e t e met i me tey ee t

e f t e k i t m e f i e d met i me tey

er e y e m i .

e e t m e me t i A f e d Ru e W e

e i 8 3 d d i e d i 3 e

t e m y i t D i e m e i t e e t e i e

t e u i f t e f i t t e t i ed y te

i t i t i t e 8 t u t i f y t e i i t i f


39/102

no ne ho d i d n o i i n or i n n e Ro k e e er

Cr n e i e nd o me o h o e e r c o on e r e r h e i n

h e i r i n e r c i e e e h e e d h e i r i n e

r i e o n e o i o n . he i d o n h e i e n

r i e o e i e h e r on e n d k e o e r W i h

Ro k e e er S n d r d O i o m n h e h e ed o

monoo i e h e m r k e i n o o h e i n

i n r i r o n A n i on h r e ed o e

i e r d r i en o o i ne or i n n e i h e r i o o i n e e n en o n

Ro k e e er o d i n r h i eo e o e i o r

i e e e n on or e mon h on en o h

o he ome i or o o i ne When he oher

ion o d o o o i n e h e o d h e orner on

h e m k e n d k h i r i e k h e i d e o

eo i on h d i mode r n e i n n i i h W e

r i n i e h e r e d i r i W e

i h e d h i oo k i r n e r e r e r i e e

h i e d r e o r e i e n e h e r i o h e

i e n d n r e e i o n . W e h d er i e

ed i on e er ed n r e n i e h i or h i e e

r ed hom ne oo he Ae o Reon eenerd e me er ke i i n m er o r e i i on . e

e nd ed r i h i n i h i d e o i i m Mr i m nd

h i m e h e i i n en e d h oo k n d

h e e i ee d i n i r i i m nd h e o W e

nh ei hre Dr i e me mor e nd mor e o n


40/102

h e i he y k i d o i e r h e i d e o h e he r h e r e

r e y G o d Be e o W e i r i i

h e i , d o i e h i g o e o i o h e o d

r e y be o i d e r ed h e o d i g he r o h e e A g e

oee e i ed i Mayi or bo eigh yer d

h e d h e i r i i r i h ho e e o e e r o r e d

e d e e o e d y o h i h eo r i e i h e i g he e

Age oee i o hi g ore h he o d r ebe i o gi

od d h e b e i e i e o i o i h i e i d d

d d h i r e i g i o i e d i i h i

e ' o i e or orey hr ogh he h i ory o

e o i o he e e oe o i Tho ey e

bor i 1 85 d d i ed i 1895 e y e d

" Dr i b d o g e i e y r ed D r i r k

e h i b i i o o f Or i i Se i e . e eryr o g i h i b e i e d i o o r C hr i i i y o b e

h o e d i d o i o b e h e i .

e i ed o be go i e i he oe h y

de he e r " g o i " e i d h i he r e i

o d oe e r o d h d o r i h i i e e

E g h i g i d r i e e gh h

h d or h d o e o e d .

n he 8 d E o i o d Eh i e ery

mch i. E o i o d i e r e d i y o r i

ih be ee by he o oig oe o Dr i d

e

A oe re er i od o ery d i


41/102

m e r e b y e r e h e e r c e o m mo er y e e m e r e p e h e g e r e h r o g h o h e o r A he me me he h ropomor pho pe o o b b e

e er m e h e br e k b e e e m h e r e e h e b e er or e r e e b e ee m m or e e e e my hope ee h he C omepe o bboo e o o beee h e eg r o or A r h e go r h eDee o M A BL r C 87 4 p 78

o r o m o g o h e be e e h h e e r g e e r o h e e q e h e pe r or o h e h e m A h b e r e mp y c r e b e h

h e h b e r e r e m oe orp r o g h o r e e h r e o or e o op p r e or h e b e b e o o m p e e e y h h b g g e r - b r e m er - e r o e h h obe rre o by hgh o by b e (yermo Aree ee A p p e o 8 7 p )

D r o o h h e r o r e er e er e

e o

b m h e o p o q e o h m b

r h er mo er mog h e eo or y

e o h e e e e h e r y o e ey

r g m e h b k o o o mp e e e e y h

e er e q r o o m

r e or gr e y eh e by Dr hom

ey. e y h e g r h e r o me h o er e o

mo e o o r y o y r J e y

A o e y hom e h bee ee o o

e e r o o er e oe e r om he Ey ope

o I r o # 3 e e ey y k

b y J B Deg


42/102

A r e d m e e r me ymm P r . e y ey e ne d y e r y n verndy ey d my r end " e Ore gg r mrg" " m y g c r y d d ey b L e mr g d d a k m e b r e g - - m ee er me r e g " , " d myr e d " y men "

ey d geer d my r ed d e e d r e e r e e d m e Cr C r d rdg v e d e r e e er d n ey eye ; d e nd d d " y d be ev e d b e g g ve my r g d W d

y b n e e m r m e e e d v d r r e y r g e

r y e v E r e e k e e b r

83 nd ded 9 9 e e r m b g nd

er e deve ed e B gene r e

"e er y " e r y ee e

m embry nd e e mer mb ge rg e

d e r e n g e e n , r m r e e

mmm mn n g e b e e d r v e

n k n e r e n r e ery

e d r b r n e m n

br y, e br n y, y m ye d

ky k bee i ye r eed e mn

e m n y n g b r r e d e cl m yg e de erve gve

n e b r n m n d me e

b r n

e k e dv e m r k e r y

q r ed r er d be er e d e nveed


43/102

t f et h e f b i t e d i t u e t h t h e d

t h e d i f f e e n t e b y f n i i n u d i n g n , n d h

t h e y e e i i . H e t e n f e e d t h t t h e e e e

i e Thee et he e e e dLed nd e t i

d i yed in e te xtb Hee be e ne f

e ny i d e g i t f i , n t i n i nd

i e i i . P b b y e t h n ny t h e n H e e i

enibe f the infuene n yung n h t

e t e n d d i y h n g e t h e d d f H i t e

n ed i n g He e ' i d e nd e x e i ent H i t e d e i d e d

t ht the tnget e the ne tht t uie

H i i e i i ed t h i be i e f t h t t h e e n e e t

t e e t h e d Mu h h e t t h e d b y

t i n E n e t H e e .

n th e i d 1 8 , t h e e e i f t h e

\ d d h i t u t t f un d e d by n e H t t

e g f t h i t u n i f y t h e u d d h i t The ne f

t h i e i T he h y The Thehy u t

un ded y d He en t y The end tteent in

t e i t f f d t i n i e y T h e un i e e

ed n t e t e d , nd i t f un t i n d i n g t

e eeing et ei f the e Age ut tdy i gund Feud i the net n in the g e t

i n f u en e f e ut i n nd g i n t i b i h i t i n i t y .

H e n in 1 86 nd d i ed in 9 He n dent

f e f i n n 1 9 1 , h e n i n ed t h t

i n n d t he i e e e i g h t He b e i e e d


44/102

t h t c e d t t c d e h e t e d . He thght tht

met d d e e e m y e f t v e h v t h t h d

ee t e e e t ge f ev t . H e e e v ed t h e R e t t T he y e d k

t h e f t h e f m d e y h g y . M y f t h e t e h g d

t e f y h g y t d y e e d e d '

e v t t h t m t m d e ed t e

t et ed m

T h e e t m e me t J H e y . He

8 8 d d e d . H e t h e f t

e t e e f U NE ( U t e d N t E d t

e t f d C t g t He S e f

t h e f d e f t h e Ame H m t A t 9 .

H e t h e t d e e ve d t h t t e t h e g d t h t

t e h e d . He t e d y g '

t h e y ge t h e y u t f t t H e

uted y g N e t de g e eeded . He

e e ve d t h t ev t u d e f t h e e m .

He de f th e Ne Ag Meme t h deth

9 t e t e d y h e t t h de t h e d

h e k ed u t h e e t h k t e h e d t

t e

H t he A d H u ey 8 9 , d d ed

9 63 e d e t h e m de d u g u t u e He

t h e t h h e d t g d v e f

h g e d g . H e y g e y e e f

t h e d g t u e t h t d e ve ed t h e t e He e


45/102

f t i t c t a t y m t t a i d

a a ay t ad y mi d ad y x i .

a m b t i t i t

t t t c t y a v a d a c v t

ad aat . H y a d b a m a

a t i t , a a a d i v t i i t a d a a v i d

i t f i t a f f t i t y , a t

d i t f t m i c a M m N a t a H i t y . H

b v d t at t v a i t a i d d f aaai a ai d t t t a ad

i t y a d at t a d v t . F t a , a d

t a t t b a k a at t b t t m , t t y a ,

t t i t a a t t t t m t m

b b k , T E v t f H ma Ra , N at a

t maa i , a/b p 2 , T N d t m a t ta

t aa a ad M a , a may b vd bya am i at t y f t b a , f t a f t b d i y a a t a t t t , t t a a , t a , b t ft t t , t t T t a da d f t t a a ad t N i m a t tat t vya - d yt ft m a

E t a b t t d t b f t y t t a t at a

t d t i m t b t d d dm i i

t m t t at f J a a I t a m t

d d m a d a t yt t i myt a b t J a a

t i m t a t a t t J a a a


46/102

d e s e d s f h e g ds d e d e s i e d u e h e d

T h e y e h h h e m e i s f m h e s u g d h e

h i g h e s g d I s h i i s m , b s e d e v u i h

s es s i b e J ' s i s i W d W They

e e d e e m i e d e ve d u e h e d u s i k e

H i e s d i g i e m y B h f h e m e e m i v e d

b y de s i e h e e v u i g T h i s g e s i g h b

h e d e f d e h e e s i d , Y e s h b e s

g s m h e v e y b e g i i g m h s h d d e s i e

e v e h e h e f d d m e s h d e s i e

h e e h i g f ev u i


47/102

THE REIIN F EVTIN

I t h a l g ee my t et i th at evl t i i

t a t he e l i g i Th e e i em i i a l ev i d e e t

a i t i t i e t a i l y t a a t f i e e The

e v l i i t a y t h at ma m a d e d i t e ad f d m a i g

ma W h i i g h t I t h i h a t e I l d l i e t

d i t h e ev l t i f e l i g i t h e e l i g i f

el t i , h i h i i t T he l i h l h av e e e

ea h i g f h e l a t f i f t y ye a t h at e l i g i h a

evl ved . We have ee taght that ma tated ff

e l i ev i g i m a y g d , h i i g h e t a e t ,

h e av e m a h i l h y , a d t h a t h e g a d a l l y de v el e d

m t h e i m t h e e l i e f i e d . Yet a hael gy eem

t e l l h at t t h e i t e i t e I t t e l l

hat ma ha alay ee a mheit ad hied e

d l l f t h e a i e t l e e m t t e a h t t h e

i t e f ha t e a e e i g t a h t i l i h l

da

R el i g i h a t ev l ed . a d i d e a t e d

d ea ed ma i e l L i i a e l i g i i t

h l d t e t a g h t i l i h l a t a x a ye e x e e l e a l l e l i g i a e g i e t a g h t .

9 63 h e e me t l e d t h a i f a a e t

h i l d e t t e a i a e i a l e i g a g ht i t h e

l i h l , t h e h i l d a e e m ve d f m t h e l a

e a e h at l d v i l a t e h i t i t t i al i g ht T h e


48/102

o t t h e e c e t h at t h e o b e t o a b l e o e o

mateal ol have to be emove h a e v o l v e t h e

e t o o a y e a e l g o T h e e c e e t c a b e

a l e t e ec at o ay oth e et oab l e

m a t e a l T h e l g a l o a t h a t o g ov e m e t b l g

o a l t y ma y b e e t o omm t h b t o o

hot l t e t o g o l y e l g o . T h e e m a y o m e e a g t h

h o may emembe he aye he a tae ot the

b l c h oo l y t e m I a o l y t h e f t h g a e a

ot eta hat a gog o M a e l e M a y ' H a e

ot a t h e o ma e t o a y t h e b l h o o l .

h e a t h a t t a ob e t o a b l e t o he h e l a m e

t h at th at a a obv o ae o th e govemet aa g a

e l g o at t h e t a x a ye ex e e he a vey cel

g et t g a ye t a k e ot o t h e b l h o ol y t e m

o e ' t l k e ha t Ma e l e M ay ' a e

t a fo o hat he bt t oe b g a

t e e t g o t I f evol t o t a e l g o t h e

t a l o h o l b e t a k e o t o f t h e b l h oo l I

l k e t o e e om e l e g a l a t o t a k e t o ge t e vo l t o t a k e

o t o f h e b l h oo l y t em o t h e g o t h a t t

t a e g o . T h e f t t e t o a o a h t h e h o o lboa a eet that they emove the obet oab l e

m a t e a l . t e t o t o g o t o t h e e o l e h l y t h e

f f o t h e h oo l t h e o t y o mm o .

t o t a k e t h e e t o o t

t e t h e e

T h e e a e b a a l l y o o t o t h e .


49/102

T h e f t t on t t e h e v t o n o n n d g n o e

e t n o n t he t h e e f t h e g n f t h e e t h

Th h t g n g o n n n t h e b h o t e m T h e o t o n t t h e ot h e e n d o f t h e e d b e t o t e h

n e t n T h h t g o n g on n 9 2 n

ton, Tenneee Tenneee hd ed tht mde

t h e t e h n g f e vo t on m e ng boog tehe

n the m tn of tn en oged t o ete t et

e b t e h n g e v o t n n t e f t h e The

t e h e e t e d n d t e d The n fm thet

e ene me n def ene f t he d e of

t h e t e h e n d e v t o n o d t h t t n f

t o t e h n o n e d e f t h e e H e d t h t t

t h e h e g h t o f g ot t o e ve nt t d en t f m e n n g

o t h d e o f t h e E ve n t h o g h o o t t h e e

nd t h e t e h e f n ed $ h e f o e

tetment heded o t h e h o e g n t o t e h

t h e t h e o f e v t o n t h t h e t t h o f e t n

e e t the othe end of the etm T he

d e v e t o t h f t e d nd e e n o t e h n g o n

Q t o n T h e n e v e e T h e m e g o t

t the beted gnt the n ondne ne the te

e t e d Even thogh the n mot b ho

t e h e d n ' t m e n t n e t n The hve been td tht

t g n t t h e t t ot e t n b e e t

e g o b e t Evo t n e g o o

T h e e e t m d d e g o d o t o n v b e n


50/102

t h i i e The fit ld be to teah both ev ltion and

ea t i on i n t h e b l i h oo l l a o o m T h i a a e d

a l a i n t h e t a t e o f o i i an a b t a n ev e e n f o e d

b e a e e o l e on t e t e d t h at l a h i a n t e t e d

beae t h e i d e a o f e at i on h a e l i g i on on n ot at i o n a nd

t he e f o e t h e y on t e t e d i t h o l d n o t b e t a g h t i n t h e

b l i h oo l y t e m T he y i mm ed i at e l y l a i m t h e

e a a t i o n o f h h a n d t a t e T h i i d e a l i n t f o n d

i n t h e ont i t t i on t i fond i n Je f fe on i t i n g

Eve n i f t h i t e t h e o t de i d e d t h at t e a h e h a ve

t h e i g h t t o g i v e a n y n m be o f t h e o i e on t h e o i g i n o f

t h e e a t h

The n t o t i n i t o l ea ve b ot h o f t h e e b e l i e f

ot o f t h e b l i h l y t e m taght high hool

i e n e a n d m at h e ma t i . kno that yo an teah

t d e n t man y t h i n g i t h ot m e nt i on i n g o i g i n a n d h e e

e ame fom. t i o i b l e t o l e a ve t h e i e t o ta l l y

t o t h e h o m e o t o t h e h h .

T he b l i h o ol y t em i i g h t no i n g o t i o n

b e on e t e a h i n g og mat i a l l y e vo l t i o n T h ey o l d

nve d e a m o f i t h i n g o o t i o n f o o t e a h i n g on l y

e a t o n i n e o t i o n t o o f t e a h i n g b ot h h a n ot

o k e d r b e l i e v e e a e l e f t i t h o t i o n t h e e b el i e v e

e h o l d t l e av e b o t h be l i e f o t o f t h e b l i h oo l

ytem. M ad e l i n e M a y a e h a d a v e y v a l i d o i n t

i not i g h t t o e t a x d ol l a t o omot e e l i g i o n a ny

e i g i n i n t h e b l i hl y t e m .

t


51/102

Wet e d e f e e g e e f d v e

e h e e t e eyed d h e d

t h e e t f t h e v e e . Wht ceted the

v e e W t d h e , e v t I f t h e

d h e t h e e t d th e y h h e .

T e d tt e e e the d f th e e v t t I f

y e g t g y t e f t h e e v t t y y g

tht t h e e t h y g , t h t e t g f e t

f y ' t h . I f We t e ' d e f t f e g

e t , t he ev t d e f t e y t o f e g ,

t e: e . I tght ee f y ye, d I t

g t e c e e He ve e h ve e t e e d t h e e

f e g h e e e g y g t h t t h e e t h e t

e g t f t h g

he e e t h f f t t h e t .

e t e h e ht f e ev t t hve d t

e v t t h Ke t h , v d ev t t d ,

Ev t ve d d v e W e e e ve t

e e t h e y t e t v e e e t d th t

t h e h e ve t e t t t h e

e v Lt t They e eve t y ee they d t

e t h e t f e e t . H . t t h e t h e

v t t h t e t h e e f e t t h e 1 9 1 e d t f

' , d , e e f t h e t he y f e v t

e t y e t h e e e f e e t t h

ev t e e y t f t y f t h h h t e

t e et t f t e . Ev t f t h ,


52/102

e g c . P e e a e t e e b g t a d ,

e t t u d d e t y t e m yt ev ut H .

me , t e B t y c t a d ac t e vc u t c

a e e b ec ame a c e t c e g m t a

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t e b e v at t t t t

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a e g uma m E t e m a t e u t m a te g

t e d d t e u t m a t e g t e d .Huma m t e e g ma b e g t e u t ma t e

Hu ma t a e t e ay , H um a m a a

e g u , a d m a t v e a d a u m a

v a t t e Tey a dm t g t u t t at t

e g L. ey g t ay I 9 a gL 34

b e a um a t e a t e d t e a a d

e g e t a t e e me d t t e m u d a m e t a Tey

d a t ed Huma t a et e , t ' t m e a a

a d a d m e t T d m e t a e e d t

e e g a g e e a e g a d a t

a t e e t e d t d a d d g ma t t a d v d e d

mea g a d d e t t y a d e t uma e . t

ws m m t t e d t e a c e e , a d d em a y t g e

t a y t a t " d e t y a v e L , e m u t a ve

e e Huma m t t a e t e g u

H t a d m t t t t H e e a e a e d e e t

tat emet m Hma t a et ta t L t e

u t at e t e e g u at u e ev ut m ( t e


53/102

me co epod to the ac tal tatemet me f om

Hma t Mai fet o ad y Pomethe Bc edited y

P a l K t h e f i t t a t e me t i e l i g i o h m a i t e g a t h e v e e a e l f ex i t g , c t c e a t ed hey

a e c a l l g t hem e l ve e l i g i o h ma i t Hmam i

a e l g i o He e t h e f o da t i o a l d o c me t o f h ma m

e ee that they egad t h e v e e a e l f e t g ad

t eated I t h e o d t h e y e i e ve i evc l t o

Matte ha alay ee hee ad t e e a t h c e a t ed i t e f

T h e e o d t a t e m e t i h m a i m e l i e ve th a t m a a

p a t o f a e ad that he ha mmeged a a e l t o f a

o t i p o c e . g a i e f e g p l a i l y t o e v o l t o

t c o l e e a i l y p o ve th a t t h e f o d a t i o o f h m a i m

evl t o a d h m a i m i a e i g i o he e f o e t h e

a h i g o f e vo l t o t h e t a p p t e d p l i c c h o ol

y te m th e f o t e i g a f t h e i g o f a e l i g i o h e

l y e l i g o e i g p omot e d a t t h e t a p a ye e pe e i

t h e e l g o o f h m a i m We eed to pt a top to that

he t h t a t e m e t t h e Hma i t M a f e t o ay h o l g

n o g a i e o f l f e hma t f d t h a t a d i t o al

a l m o f m a d od y mt e e e t e d W i t h t h e

h a e a o g a i e o f f e t h ey a e ay i g t h at

ol t i o th e ay e got hee he fot h tat emet

ay We ae pdt of a g adal eel opmet I

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adal

tat emet t he Hma t Mai fet ay Re i g

h ma i m o i d e t h e o mp l e e e a l a t i o o f h ma


54/102

e o n i t y t o b e t h e e nd f m n i f e n d ee i t

d e v e o m e n t nd f u ment i n t h e h e e nd n o g i n ,

t h ey e f e t o t h e h oo hy e g i o u hum n i m T he n i n t h t t e me nt y , I n c e o f t h e o d t t i t u d e

nvo ve d i n h i nd ye , t h e hu m n i t n d h i

emot o n e x e ed i n h e g h t e n e d en e o e on i f e

i n c oo e t i v e e f f t t o o m ot e oc e b e i n g . T h e

t e f t h t t e m e nt y , Re g ou h um n i t i m to f t e

t h e e t v e n m n n d e n c o u g e h i e v e m e n t t h t d d t

t he t i ct i on o f i f e . T h e t h t e e n t h t t e m e n t

eg i n R i g i o u h um n i m m i n t n t h t oc i t i o n

nd n t i t u t i on e t f o t he f u f i me nt o f humn i f e

T h e t g h o f H um n t M n i f e t o n e y " o

t nd t h e t h e e o f e i g ou h um n m T h t t h e g t

o f t h e H u m n t M n i f e t o

We go o n n o t h e t h e u m n i t M n f e t o T o i t t e n

y P u K u t n d E d n W o n t y v t i o n i m

t e h m f u . Red t h i c e f u y T h e i d e

h e e t o t e h e o e t h t h i t i n e t h e e ne my n d

t h t e e t n d i n g n t h e y o f og e e e v e e

h t i n

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Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy in Christian Education - Kent Hovind