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Disruptive Innovation Page 1 Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu) Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors. Inovasi yang mengganggu, sebuah istilah seni yang diciptakan oleh Clayton Christensen, menggambarkan sebuah proses dimana suatu produk atau jasa berakar pada aplikasi sederhana di bagian bawah pasar dan kemudian tanpa henti bergerak ke pasar, akhirnya menggeser pesaing yang sudah mapan. Some examples of disruptive innovation include: Disruptor Disruptee Personal computers Mainframe and mini computers Mini mills Integrated steel mills Cellular phones Fixed line telephony Community colleges Four-year colleges Discount retailers Full-service department stores Retail medical clinics Traditional doctor’s offices Beberapa contoh inovasi yang mengganggu meliputi: Disruptor (Pengganggu) Disruptee (Yang Terganggu) Komputer pribadi Mainframe dan komputer mini Pabrik mini Pabrik baja terpadu Telepon seluler Saluran telepon tetap Perguruan tinggi komunitas perguruan tinggi empat tahun Pengecer diskon Toko serba ada layanan penuh Klinik medis ritel Kantor dokter tradisional

Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu · Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu) Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by

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Page 1: Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu · Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu) Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by

Disruptive Innovation Page 1

Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu)

Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors.

Inovasi yang mengganggu, sebuah istilah seni yang diciptakan oleh Clayton Christensen,

menggambarkan sebuah proses dimana suatu produk atau jasa berakar pada aplikasi sederhana di

bagian bawah pasar dan kemudian tanpa henti bergerak ke pasar, akhirnya menggeser pesaing yang

sudah mapan.

Some examples of disruptive innovation include:

Disruptor Disruptee

Personal computers Mainframe and mini computers

Mini mills Integrated steel mills

Cellular phones Fixed line telephony

Community colleges Four-year colleges

Discount retailers Full-service department stores

Retail medical clinics Traditional doctor’s offices

Beberapa contoh inovasi yang mengganggu meliputi:

Disruptor (Pengganggu) Disruptee (Yang Terganggu)

Komputer pribadi Mainframe dan komputer mini

Pabrik mini Pabrik baja terpadu

Telepon seluler Saluran telepon tetap

Perguruan tinggi komunitas perguruan tinggi empat tahun

Pengecer diskon Toko serba ada layanan penuh

Klinik medis ritel Kantor dokter tradisional

Page 2: Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu · Disruptive Innovation (Inovasi Mengganggu) Disruptive innovation, a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by

Disruptive Innovation Page 2

As companies tend to innovate faster than their customers’ needs evolve, most organizations eventually end up producing products or services that are actually too sophisticated, too expensive, and too complicated for many customers in their market.

Seiring kecenderungan berinovasi perusahaan lebih cepat daripada berkembangnya kebutuhan pelanggan mereka, kebanyakan organisasi akhirnya menghasilkan produk atau layanan yang sebenarnya terlalu canggih, terlalu mahal, dan terlalu rumit bagi banyak pelanggan di pasar mereka.

Companies pursue these “sustaining innovations” at the higher tiers of their markets because this is what has historically helped them succeed: by charging the highest prices to their most demanding and sophisticated customers at the top of the market, companies will achieve the greatest profitability.

Perusahaan mengejar "inovasi berkelanjutan" di tingkat pasar yang lebih tinggi karena inilah yang secara historis membantu mereka berhasil: dengan mengenakan harga tertinggi kepada pelanggan mereka yang paling banyak menuntut dan canggih di puncak pasar, perusahaan akan mencapai keuntungan terbesar.

However, by doing so, companies unwittingly open the door to “disruptive innovations” at the bottom of the market. An innovation that is disruptive allows a whole new population of consumers at the bottom of a market access to a product or service that was historically only accessible to consumers with a lot of money or a lot of skill.

Namun, dengan melakukan hal itu, perusahaan tanpa sadar membuka pintu untuk "inovasi yang mengganggu" di bagian bawah pasar. Inovasi yang mengganggu memungkinkan populasi konsumen baru di bagian bawah akses pasar terhadap produk atau layanan yang secara historis hanya dapat diakses oleh konsumen dengan banyak uang atau banyak keahlian.

Characteristics of disruptive businesses, at least in their initial stages, can include: lower gross margins, smaller target markets, and simpler products and services that may not appear as attractive as existing solutions when compared against traditional performance metrics. Because these lower tiers of the market offer lower gross margins, they are unattractive to other firms moving upward in the market, creating space at the bottom of the market for new disruptive competitors to emerge.

Karakteristik bisnis yang mengganggu, setidaknya pada tahap awal, dapat mencakup: margin kotor yang lebih rendah, target pasar yang lebih kecil, dan produk dan layanan sederhana yang mungkin tidak tampil semenarik solusi yang ada jika dibandingkan dengan metrik kinerja tradisional. Karena tingkat pasar yang lebih rendah ini menawarkan margin kotor yang lebih rendah, mereka tidak menarik bagi perusahaan lain yang bergerak ke atas di pasar, menciptakan ruang di bagian bawah pasar agar pesaing pengganggu yang baru muncul.

Adopted from: http://www.claytonchristensen.com/key-concepts/

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