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Disorders in Mango
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Disorders in Mango
Malformation Fruit Drop Black Tip
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Mango disorders
Disorders in Mango
Vegetative malformation
Floral malformation
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Malformation
Disorders in Mango
The vegetative malformation generally affects seedlings of young plants in which there is a swelling of buds.
Vegetative malformation
Normal leaf bud
Distorted leaf bud
It leads to formation of small cluster with short internodes at the apical portion and give an appearance of witches broom like structure.
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Disorders in Mango
Malformed panicles have bigger florets than normal florets and contain mostly male flowers.
Floral malformation
Distorted florets
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Normal floret
Disorders in Mango
Floral malformation
Floral malformation
Distorted panicles and florets
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Short axis
Cluster like inflorescence
Thick rachis
Dwarfed leaf growth
Symptoms
Disorders in Mango
Floral malformation
Floral malformation
Remove the malformed panicles as they appear on the tree
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Spray 200 ppm of NAA once in October.
Management practices
Disorders in Mango
Fruit drop
But, some times the fruit drop will be very heavy, even up to 99%, at various stages of fruit growth.
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Among the commercially grown varieties, Langra is more susceptible to drop, while Dasheri is the least.
Fruit drop is natural in mango.
The intensity of fruit drop varies from variety to variety.
Disorders in Mango
Fruit drop
The fruit drop in first two phases are insignificant compared to the third phase which affects the final yield significantly and needs more attention.
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Embryo abortion, climatic factors, disturbed water relation, lack of nutrition, attack of diseases and pests and hormonal imbalances are the major factors that lead to fruit drop.
The fruit drop is more or less a continuous process and can be classified into three phases, viz. (i) pinhead drop, (ii) post-setting drop and (iii) May-month drop.
Disorders in Mango
Fruit drop
Regular irrigation during the fruit setting and development can reduce fruit drop considerably.
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Foliar applications of bio-regulators such as NAA at 20 ppm or Alary (B- nine) at 100 ppm about 6 weeks after fruit set reduce fruit drop considerably.
Management practices
Disorders in Mango
Black tip
Among the commercial cultivars, Dasheri is most prone to the disorder, while Lucknow Safeda is least.
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Black tip disorder has generally been detected in orchard located in the vicinity of brick kilns.
Black tip is a serious disorder that is capable of causing considerable set back to the grower.
Disorders in Mango
Black tip
Gradually, the color intensifies into brown and finally black.
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At this stage, further growth and development of the fruit is retarded and black ring at the tip extends towards the upper part of the fruit.
The damage to the fruit gets initiated right at marble stage with a characteristic yellowing of tissues at distal end.
Symptoms
Disorders in Mango
Black tip
Planting of mango orchards in North-South direction and 5 to 6 km away from the brick kilns may reduce incidence of black tip to a greater extent.
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Irrigation, condition of the tree and management practices play important role in deciding the severity of the disorder.
Management practices
Disorders in Mango
Black tip
The incidence of black tip can be minimized by the spray of borax (1%) or other alkaline solutions like caustic (0.8%) or washing (0.5%) soda.
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Irrigation, condition of the tree and management practices play important role in deciding the severity of the disorder.
Management practices
The first spray of borax should be done positively at pea stage followed by two more sprays at 15 days interval.