DISEASESA disease is an

illness that affects the body

or mind

2 Kinds of Diseases

•Communicable: Passed from person to person

• Non-communicable: How people live(LIFESTYLE),Genetic Factors, or Environmental hazards around

• Cancer • Alzheimer’s

Disease• Cerebral

Palsy• Heart Disease

•LUPUS•Muscular

dystrophy•AUTISM•Tourettesyndrome

Common Communicable

Diseases•The

Common Cold

•Pneumonia

•Chicken Pox

•The Flu• Mononucleosis

•STD’s

Types of Germs• Bacteria

(Pneumonia, syphilis, strep throat)

• Virus (chicken pox, measles, flu, H.I.V.)

• Fungi (ringworm, ear infections, athletes foot)

• Protozoa (diarrhea, malaria)

How are Germs Spread?

•Close contact with a person who has the germ.

•Direct contact with a person who has the germ.

•Contact with Animals.

•Other Contacts with a non-living object.

What is an IMMUNE SYSTEM?

• The immune system is the body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders.

• The immune system is made up of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body.

• The cells involved are white blood cells, or leukocytes.

Preventing Communicable Disease

BOOST your IMMUNE SYSTEM BOOST your IMMUNE SYSTEM NaturallyNaturally:• WASH YOUR HANDS!!!• Get the proper amount of rest.• Eat healthfully.(raw fruits/veggies and vitamin

C) • Exercise Regularly.• Avoid Smoking.• Reduce stress.• Drink plenty of water.• Nurture yourself(take a bath, get a massage, do

something that makes you feel good! • Sneeze/cough into your arm.• Practicing abstinence.

•Number one killer in the United States.

• Hardening of the arteries is called arteriosclerosis.

• A heart attack occurs when heart muscle tissue dies from lack of oxygen because of reduced blood flow.

What is CHOLESTEROL?

• Cholesterol is a soft, waxy substance found among the lipids (fats) in the bloodstream and in all your body's cells.

• HDL: High Density Lipoproteins “Good Cholesterol”

• LDL: Low Density Lipoproteins “Bad Cholesterol”

• Overall cholesterol levels should be below 200.• High cholesterol affects 42 million Americans• 1 in 5 Teens in the U.S. has high cholesterol.

Treating Heart Disease

•Open the blockage: Angioplasty

•Go around the blockage: Bypass Surgery

•Dissolve any clots: Medications for better blood flow.

Preventing Heart Disease• Maintain

Desirable weight.

• Exercise.• Balanced diet• Manage stress.• Avoid

smoking.• Check your family

history.

• Cancer is caused by abnormal cells growing without control.

Top cancers:Lung

Prostate (male) Breast (female)Colon/Rectum

Bladder non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Kidney Skin

Formation of Tumors and Cancer Terms

• Groups of these abnormal cells in masses are called tumors.

• Benign: Masses that are not cancerous.• Malignant: Masses that are cancerous

and can spread to other parts of the body.

• Metastasis: When cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

• Biopsy: Partial removal of the tissue or tumor to test for cancer.

What Causes Cancer?• Genetics/Check

family history Carcinogens:

Cancer Causing Chemicals

• Tobacco Smoke• Exposure to the sun• Chemicals in food• Chemicals in the

environment or products

1. Changes in bowel or bladder habits.2. A sore that does not heal.3. Unusual bleeding or discharge.4. Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere.5. Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.6. Obvious change in wart or mole.7. Nagging cough or hoarseness. • One or a combination of these signals does

not mean you have cancer for sure.• It is always important for you to take the

signs seriously and get them checked out without delay!

Cancer Treatment?• Surgery

• Chemotherapy• Radiation• None of these

treatments are perfect.

• Goal: Keep down the number of healthy cells that are harmed.

• Don’t Smoke and avoid 2nd hand smoke• Stay out of the sun during peak hours and tanning

booths• Eat foods rich in antioxidants (berries, vegetables,

tea, nuts, dark chocolate) and maintain a healthy diet

• Exercise• Manage stress levels• Keep your brain active with puzzles, games,

laughter!• Go for regular doctor screenings/checkups• Check your family history

Communicable Disease

•Hepatitis

• A: Virus that often enters the body in contaminated food or water.

• B: Spread through body fluids. Sexual contact. More Dangerous

•Also referred to as chronic (long term) diseases or degenerative (gradual breakdown)

•The person is born with the disease.

•The person’s lifestyle.•Because of a hazard around him

or her.

•What are the types of germs out there?

•What are the 2 kinds of diseases?

•How can you prevent diseases?

What Causes Communicable Diseases?

• These diseases are caused by

• GERMS• This results in

an• INFECTION• destroys or

damages body cells.

Review Time!• What is a noncommunicable

disease?

• What causes heart disease?

• What is cancer?

• How do we prevent cancer?

• How is it treated?