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Discussion on Financial Operations - Non-U.S. Conferences. NPSS Advisory Committee Meeting 1 March 2014. S. Stiles C. Krajcsik T. Lynch. Purpose of Presentation. Discussion of International Banking Where IEEE is in setting international banking for conferences - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Discussion on Financial Operations - Non-U.S. Conferences
NPSS Advisory Committee Meeting1 March 2014
S. StilesC. KrajcsikT. Lynch
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Purpose of Presentation
Discussion of International Banking– Where IEEE is in setting international banking for conferences
– Gather NPSS thoughts on how IEEE should proceed
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Agenda
Introduction
Credit Card Processing / Registration Systems
Concentration Banking & Merchant Account Lending Program
Integrated System Concept– Local Currency CB/MALP
– Local Currency CB
Foreign Exchange Exposure
Tax / Legal / Accounting / IT / Bank Partner(s)
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Introduction
Sponsors / co-sponsors of conferences outside the U.S. face decisions / challenges when thinking about the financial services/ arrangements they will require for their conference.
Registration:– Collect in local currency, or US dollars?
– If registration is collected in local currency, a local currency bank account will be required…how do you open one?
– Can IEEE’s local Geo Units or in-country co-sponsors provide banking services?
– How does IEEE’s current banking services / platform work when collecting registration in US dollar vs. local currency?
FX Exposure: if collection is in US dollars, how can impact be minimized?
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Credit Card Processing / Registration Systems
Collecting advance registration payments from conference attendees is largely done on-line through web-based systems.
Generally conferences have a strong desire for their registration system to integrate seamlessly into the conference’s bank account.
The Conference Treasurer has to reconcile the registration revenue collected via credit card to the receipts in the conference’s bank account….unless delegated to a service provider / event management company.
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IEEE’s Concentration Banking / Merchant Account Lending Program
Has been available since January 2013
Currently available to any conference processing in US dollars, however it requires a Concentration Banking (CB) account.
Conference is given a unique ID number from IEEE Treasury that “plugs into” the conference’s registration system…this ensures the transaction activity is properly identified & credited.
Gross deposits are made daily into the Conferences CB account
– One deposit for MasterCard/Visa/Discover receipts
– A separate deposit for AMEX receipts
Flat 2.9% is charged on all deposits…this is what IEEE pays to its credit card processor; there are no other usage fees.
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IEEE’s Concentration Banking / Merchant Account Lending Program
But how does the Conference make payments in local currency when it is required to do so?
For smaller (<$5K per transaction) payments, the Conference can use a CB Card (MasterCard) that draws against the Conference’s CB account...for larger obligations (i.e. final hotel bill…arguably the largest exposure), the Conference can direct IEEE to make payment via wire transfer in the local currency at the current exchange rate.
Yes, the currency exchange rate could have (most likely) fluctuated since the hotel obligation was incurred. In this arrangement the Conference would enjoy the financial benefit if the exchange rate moved in IEEE’s favor, and suffer the financial impact (i.e. need more US dollars from its CB account if it moved against IEEE).
There are approximately 185 Conferences currently utilizing this approach.
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Banking considerations Local Currency CB / MALPConference Operating requirements
Deposits
– Local branch services (deposits/cash deposit/withdrawals)
– Electronic funds transfer
*Assumes no check deposits
Payments
– Online/Electronic access for electronic funds transfer
– CB Card- credit card payments
*Assumes no check deposits
Online access to account activity/statements
Data file transmission of all activity
Utilize HOP/MID/TID model for breakdown/tracking of all individual conference activity
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Banking considerationsLocal Currency CB / MALPIEEE Operating requirements
Need to determine the legal entity under which to open the account
– Account could potentially be opened under one of IEEE’s for profit companies
Country in which the account is opened
– Euro has multiple countries available for bank account
– Is local bank in each country required?
Tax considerations
– For profit or not for profit
– VAT
Accounting considerations
– FX Exposure
– Conference closing process
IT support
– Need IT to create infrastructure for non US CB accounts
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Local Currency CB / MALP
Similar to what exists today for processing in USD
– Credit card receipts process seamlessly in CB account
Receipts
– Collection of fees for attendance, sponsorship and vendor fees to conferences
– Funding for Loans
– VAT refunds
Disbursements
– Payments to hotels and other third parties for conference venue and food and services
– Payments to speakers at meetings/conferences
– Payments to volunteers to reimburse for expenses for travel, etc.
– VAT payments(electronic transfer)
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Local Currency CB Account
An account would be opened to allow conferences to make payments in local currency– Provides ability to make payments in local currency...locally with a
CB card or wire transfer through IEEE Treasury
There is no integrated merchant processing associated with this scenario– Merchant account could be in USD and receipts deposited into a
USD CB account.
– If third party provided a merchant account, registration could be deposited into the local currency account
– Accounting and reporting process would need to be developed and supported
– Funding for local account would be made from USD account on an aggregate basis.
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Foreign Exchange considerations
Is it absolutely necessary to operate in local currency?– Can registrations be collected in USD?
– Can vendors be paid in US dollars or with a CB Card?
When is local currency needed?– To make deposits (e.g. hotel)?
– On site to handle walk in registration?
– At end for final vendor payments?
Will there be another IEEE conference in this country (i.e. currency) in the next few years?– Most likely yes in some cases…the current surplus could be used
as seed money for other conference(s).
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Registration Fee considerations
Where is the majority of the attendees coming from?– If the majority of the attendees is from the US, then why not
collect registrations in US dollars?
– When a conference states the registration fee in local currency, an attendee coming from US will most likely incur a FX conversion fee when his / her credit card company processes the transaction.
– Similarly….any attendee who pays the registration fee via credit card denominated in a currency other than the one in which the conference’s fee is based, will most likely have to pay an FX conversion, or exchange fee, on the transaction.
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Comm Soc
Registrations are collected in US dollars into the conference’s USD CB account using MALP and MCM.
Vendor payments are made from the CB account in either US dollars or local currency, depending on how the contract is written.
Exhibitor and grant payments may be in local currency– This gives conference ‘seed money’ for payments that must be
made in local currency into a local account
– These local accounts are typically the local section or chapter account
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Hypothetical Conference Cash Flow
US ($000’s)Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total
ReceiptsConference Loan $50 $0 $0 $50Attendee registration $0 $100 $100Exhibit registration $0 $75 $25 $100Total $50 $75 $125 $250
PaymentsHotel Deposit $50 $0 $0 $50Hotel final payment $0 $0 $100 $100Food deposit $0 $25 $0 $25Loan repayment $50 $50Misc. local obligations $0 $0 $15 $15Total $50 $25 $165 $240
Net $10
This could be $110 or $90
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VAT and other tax considerations
Collecting registrations in USD in the US via MALP won’t preclude a conference from VAT or indirect tax
Working with a local non-profit in country may reduce VAT for a conference if the local non-profit is willing to handle the VAT compliance on the conference’s behalf– Arranged via MOU with IEEE International LLC
– Conference responsible for finding a University or other non-profit partner
If a VAT exempt entity assumes the compliance role for the conference, VAT on revenue will not need to be charged and paid but VAT on expenses will still need to be paid and not recovered
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Take aways
We appreciate this opportunity to strategize as we need to understand the user requirements as we develop a program
Need to develop country profiles– One size doesn’t fit all
Banking/tax/registration requirements are different per country
We are in discussion with several banking/processing partners about possible solutions for processing outside the U.S.