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Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Discipline Specific Teaching Support
A Presentation at the Annual Conference of the National Learning Infrastructure Initiative
San Diego, CA January 29, 2002
Sally Jackson, University of [email protected]
David G. Brown, Wake Forest [email protected]
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Support for Learning
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Two Cultures EDUCAUSE Review, July/August 2001, pp. 48-57.
TECHNOLOGYCULTURE• Centralized • Focused• University centered• Driven by technology
agenda• Accustomed to
“service” model
FACULTYCULTURE• Balkanized• Diffuse• Discipline centered• Driven by the
disciplinary agenda• Accustomed to
research team model
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Illustrative Faculty Subcultureseach with its own intellectual agenda and disciplinary preferences
• Humanities
• Social Science
• Art & Music
• Natural Sciences
• Education
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Humanities
• Patient time-horizons• Often beyond copyright• Comparative analysis• Searching new perspectives• Language as well as
thought• Multi-cultural• Essay based• Word processing
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Social Sciences
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
• Frequent teaming• Bias toward interaction• Preference for action• Rapid obsolescence• Costly databases• Data-based decisions• Statistics
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Fine & Performing Arts
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
• Visual & aesthetic• Confluence & harmony• Motive & meaning• In search of the “never-
before”• Massive storage need• Portfolio management• Judge progress instead of
absolute achievement• Positive reinforcement
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Educational Disciplines
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
• McKeachie & Gamson• Bloom & Gardner• Inferiority complex• Positive reinforcement,
not competition• In US, state-centric
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Natural Sciences
minimal media
multimedia
information
interactivity
text graphics
sound animation
chat
tutorials models
virtual worlds
• Driven by hypothesis testing
• Large processing power• Fluent with instrumentation• Data based decisions• Comfortable with teams• Internationally connected• Taxonomies &
classifications
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Disciplinary Agendas
• Objectives• Expected outcomes• Developmental challenges• Performance standards
Example: “structured dialogue protocols”
not just interaction support, but support for “knowledge-building discourse”
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Breakdown of “Service” Model
• Faculty come with a specific agenda, looking for relevant support
• Ed tech units respond with a list of “services” supported
• Faculty may simply be bewildered by the misfit between their own goals and what service units offer
• Example: Optical materials
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Integrated curriculum defines the relationships among these
11
2
n1
n2
Specular reflection and refraction of the transmited beam
phase #2
phase #1
reflected beam
refracted beam
Disciplinary agenda defines a set of core concepts and principles
“Devices” illustrating concepts or embodying principles are planned
Supporting the Optics Faculty
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Software designers work with scientists to develop architecture for each device
Programming team implements data structures and algorithms as required
Possible input & data
AlgorithmsComputed
values
11
2
n1
n2
Specular reflection and refraction of the transmited beam
phase #2
phase #1
reflected beam
refracted beam
Supporting the Optics Faculty
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Multimedia specialists work with scientists and programmers to develop user interfaces representing different applications for the device
11
2
n1
n2
Specular reflection and refraction of the transmited beam
phase #2
phase #1
reflected beam
refracted beam
Possible input & data
AlgorithmsComputed
values
Supporting the Optics Faculty
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
11
2
n1
n2
Specular reflection and refraction of the transmited beam
phase #2
phase #1
reflected beam
refracted beam
Instructional design specialists develop effective instructional settings for objects developed to support active inquiry
One underlying device can generate many tools
One tool can be used in many lessons designed for many different purposes
Possible input & data
AlgorithmsComputed
values
Supporting the Optics Faculty
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Important Shifts
• From seeing investment in teaching as competitive with research to seeing deep connections between teaching and research agendas
• From supporting individual faculty in improving their own practice to assisting disciplinary groups in advancing a shared agenda
• From focus on providing “services” to focus on joining faculty-led development teams
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Responding to Faculty Subcultures
• Focus on clusters (with similar mentalities)• Identify subject matter specialists (like lib)• Co-sponsor guest speakers with depts• Appoint Academic Computer Specialists• Staff via joint faculty appointments• Emphasize teaching strategy before theory• Consider non-tech, as well as tech, strategies• Joint, faculty-led projects• Continual review of change in disciplinary culture
Discipline Specific SupportNLII January 29, 2002
Discipline Specific Teaching Support
For more information:
Sally Jackson, University of [email protected]
David G. Brown, Wake Forest [email protected]