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s/ho
F cF
De
Di
lo
t
ho
DISC SPRINGS
Disc Springs are conically-shaped, washer-type components designed to be axially loaded. What makes Disc Springs unique is that based on the standardized calculations of DIN EN 16984 (formerly DIN 2092), the deflection for a given load is predictable and the minimum life cycle can be determined. Disc Springs can be statically loaded either continuously or intermittently, or dynamically subjected to continuous load cycling. They can be used singly or in multiples, stacked parallel, in series or in a combination thereof.
The advantages of Disc Springs compared to other types of springs include the following:
• A wide range of load/deflection characteristics
• High load capacity with small deflection
• Space savings – high load to size ratio
• Consistent performance under design loads
• Longer fatigue life
• Inherent dampening especially with parallel stacking
• Flexibility in stack arrangement to meet your application requirements
DISC SPRINGS
DIMENSIONAL DESIGNATIONS
De
Di
lotho
De = External Diameter of DiscDi = Internal Diameter of Disclo = Free Height of Disct = Material Thickness of Discho = Free Cone Height of Disc
F = Force or Load Applied Ns = Deflection of Disc Resulting from an Applied Force mms = Stress N/mm2
E = Modulus of Elasticity N/mm2
µ = Poisson’s Ratio —
SYMBOLS AND UNITS USED INTHE APPLICATION OF DISC SPRINGS
1
DISC SPRINGS
STANDARD PRODUCT RANGE
SPIROL offers the full range of DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) Group 1 and 2 Disc Springs in Series A, B, and C.
DIN EN 16983 RANGE(formerly DIN 2093)
SPIROLSTANDARD RANGE
In addition to the DIN specified sizes, SPIROL stocks its own standard size range in outside diameters from 8mm to 200mm in order to meet the diverse needs of its customers. SPIROL Standard Disc Springs meet all material, dimensional tolerance, and quality specifications as laid out in DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) but in diameter and thickness combinations that are not included in the DIN standard.
SPECIALS SPIROL will work with the customer to develop special Disc Springs to meet the requirements of the application. Factors to take into consideration are forces, working parameters, environment, duty cycle, and required life. SPIROL can provide special dimensions, materials, finishes, and packaging to suit the application.
TO ORDER: Product / De x Di x t / material code / finish codeEXAMPLE: DSC 25 x 12.2 x 0.7 BR
STANDARD PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
PROPERTYTHICKNESSMATERIAL
HARDNESSFINISH
GROUP 1<1.25mmCode B – Carbon SteelC67S (1.1231) / UNS G10700HV 425-510 (HRC 43-50)Code R – Zinc Phosphate and Oil
GROUP 21.25mm up to 6mmCode W – Alloy Steel51CrV4 (1.8159) / UNS G61500HRC 42-52 (HV 412-544)
In addition to the standard offerings, SPIROL offers a line of austenitic Stainless Steel Disc Springs.
MATERIAL
FINISH
Code D – SAE 301 Stainless Steel Full Hard(X10CrNi18-8 No 1.4310 / UNS 30100)Code K – Plain finish, not oiled.
See page 14 for SPIROL’s standard offering.
Within each Group there are three Series — A, B, and C. These series are differentiated by material thicknesses and the corresponding force/deflection curves they generate (see page 2). DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) categorizes the three series by the following approximate ratios:
See pages 9-13 for SPIROL’s standard offering.
SERIES A
SERIES B
SERIES C
De/tDe/tDe/t
≈ 18
≈ 28
≈ 48
≈ 0.4
≈ 0.75
≈ 1.3
ho/tho/tho/t
2
DEFLECTION AND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS
THEORETICAL VERSUS MEASURED DEFLECTION
At the lower range, the actual measured curve departs slightly from the theoretical due to residual stresses.
In the mid range – the usual working range – the actual measured deflection very closely coincides with the theoretical.
As the deflection increases, the force moment arm shortens and the force required increases sharply. When the s/ho ratio exceeds 0.75, the deviation from the theoretical increases sharply. Accordingly, force/deflection predictability is limited to 75% of total deflection (ho).
The graph demonstrates the characteristic of a DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) Disc Spring, Group 2, Series B 50 x 25.4 x 2.
8000
N
6000
4000
2000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 mm 1.4
Measured Characteristic
Theoretical Characteristic
LOA
D F
DEFLECTION s
FLA
T C
ON
DIT
ION
s =
0.7
5 h o
LOAD/DEFLECTION RELATIONSHIP
The load/deflection curve of a single Disc Spring is not linear. Its shape depends on the ratio of cone height (ho) to the thickness (t) (ho/t). If the ratio is small, 0.4 (DIN Series A), the characteristic is virtually a straight line. The load deflection becomes increasingly curved as the ratio ho/t increases.
Up to a ratio of 1.5, Disc Springs may safely be taken to the flat position.
At a ratio of 1.5 the curve is flat for a considerable range of deflection. This is a useful consideration for wear compensation.
Above 1.5 the Disc Spring exhibits increasingly regressive characteristics and is capable of push-through and therefore needs to be fully supported.
At ratios over 2, the Disc Springs may invert when taken towards the flat position.
Fc is the design force of the Disc Spring in the flattened position.
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
00 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
s/ho
F cF
Test
ing
Lim
it
Series
A DIN
EN 1698
3Series
C DIN EN 16983
Series
B DIN EN 16983
ho/t = 2
0.4
0.75
1.31.5
1.75
1
0
3
LOADING STRESSES
STATIC LOADING Static loading is defined as carrying a constant load or an occasionally changing load at relatively long time intervals not exceeding ten thousand cycles per design life. In these cases the highest calculated stress at Point O is most critical and should not exceed 1400 – 1600 N/mm2 in the flat (s = ho) position for the DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) specified materials.
The standard range of Disc Springs may be used in static loading conditions without the need to perform theoretical stress calculations. Under these conditions, spring set is not a factor with stresses up to F = 0.75 ho.
Residual manufacturing tensile stresses occur at the upper inside diameter edge Point I. These revert to compressive stresses when the disc is deflected by 15% to 20% of the total cone height (ho). Fatigue life will be drastically reduced by stress reversals and therefore discs in dynamic applications must be preloaded by a minimum of 15% to 20%.
The maximum deflection limit of 75% of total deflection (s = 0.75 ho) must be observed.
To increase fatigue life 1) reduce maximum stress, 2) increase pre-stress, or 3) both.
Dynamically loaded Disc Springs are generally divided into two categories:1. Limited Life – Discs which should achieve 2 x 106 cycles without failure.2. Practically Unlimited Life – Discs which should exceed 2 x 106 cycles without
failure.
Detailed design calculations can be provided by SPIROL to determine estimated fatigue life. At a minimum, the following information is required:
1. Mounting space available2. Maximum load3. Type of load – static, intermittent, dynamic4. Cycle life expected5. Operating conditions – temperature, corrosion
DYNAMIC LOADING
When the disc is loaded, compressive stresses result at Points I and IV. Compressive stresses typically act on the upper surface of the disc.
At the theoretical Point (O) between Points I and IV, the stress must not exceed the yield strength of the disc material (1400 – 1600 N/mm2 for the DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093) specified materials) to ensure that there will be no “set.”
Tensile stresses at Points II and III are the basis for fatigue life calculations. Tensile stresses typically act on the lower surface of the disc.
loho
I
IIIV
III
O
CRITICAL STRESS POINTS
4
FATIGUE LIFE
When determining fatigue life of a Disc Spring, it is necessary to know the forces and deflections of the disc at both points of its cycle. Tensile stresses are always the determining factor in causing failure due to fatigue, so evaluating the stresses at points II and III is required.
The charts below represent typical expected life of discs tested under laboratory conditions. To use these charts properly, it is necessary to determine the maximum stresses at both minimum and maximum deflection points of the disc. Because either point II or III may be the highest loaded, it is recommended that both be evaluated and the worst case used.
These values are based on laboratory testing using fatigue testing equipment producing sinusoidal loading cycles and resulting in a 99% probability of fatigue life. These figures are valid for single discs and stacks in series of 10 discs or fewer utilizing a 15%-20% preload. Cycling was performed at room temperature and at a rate not to induce significant heating utilizing hardened and highly polished surfaces and guidance.
Stacking discs in parallel greatly reduces fatigue life as individual disc deflections may be attenuated due to the mating disc, resulting in localized higher stresses.
These values only apply to DIN standard materials that are not shot peened. Shot peening discs can extend the fatigue life of certain discs, but testing is required to determine the exact benefit.
GROUP 1 t < 1.25mm
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
N = 105 N = 5 x 105 N ≥ 2 x 106
Max
imum
diff
eren
tial s
tress
, N/m
m2
Minimum tensile stress, N/mm2
GROUP 2 1.25mm ≤ t ≤ 6.0mm
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
N = 105 N = 5 x 105 N ≥ 2 x 106
Max
imum
diff
eren
tial s
tress
, N/m
m2
Minimum tensile stress, N/mm2
5
DESIGN GUIDELINES
MATERIALS AND FINISHES
l High carbon and alloy steel materials provide excellent strength and endurance life in most applications. The standard coating of zinc phosphate and oil provides adequate protection from humidity and occasional moisture. More effective protective finishes are available, but these tend to wear off in dynamic applications.
l Electroplated finishes should always be avoided. Hydrogen embrittlement poses too great of a risk in highly loaded discs having a hardness over HRC 40.
l Austenitic stainless steel is a very good choice for static and low cycle applications. It provides high forces and excellent corrosion resistance. This material will continue to work harden with use so cycle life is limited, but creep resistance is good.
l For dynamic applications where corrosion protection is required, precipitation hardening stainless steels are recommended. These steels are nearly as strong as the standard DIN materials and very corrosion resistant.
l At temperatures over approximately 200°F (100°C), standard DIN materials can begin to creep, or take a set. Between 300°F and 400°F (150°C to 200°C) the materials lose their strength and are no longer considered viable. Stainless steels are a bit more temperature resistant, but only up to 575°F (300°C).
l Select the disc with the largest outside diameter (De). This reduces the stresses at a given force (F)/deflection (s) ratio and thus enhances fatigue life. An outside (De) to inside diameter (Di) of 1.7 to 2.2 also enhances performance and longevity.
l Select a disc that achieves the maximum force required at less than 75% of its deflection. Deflection of 75% of cone height (ho) should be the design maximum. Reducing deflection increases fatigue life.
l Force/deflection curves can be changed by varying the cone height (ho) to thickness (t) ratio. Curves for discs may be plotted with the force/deflection data provided on pages 9-14 at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of deflection.
l Thicker discs have greater damping (hysteresis) characteristics.
SIZING AND SELECTION
ORIENTATION l Shorter stacks are more efficient. This is particularly important under dynamic loading. Discs at the moving end of the stack are overdeflected whereas discs at the opposite end are underdeflected. This results from the friction between the individual discs as well as the discs and the guiding mandrel or sleeve. Use of the largest practical outside diameter discs will reduce the number of individual discs and total stack height. It is recommended that total stack height not exceed three times the external disc diameter (De) or ten total discs.
l When discs are used in parallel, the following factors should be considered:1. In dynamic applications, the generation of heat;2. The relationship between loading and unloading forces due to friction;3. Hysteresis, the increased damping resulting from friction between the discs; and4. Lubrication – A must in parallel disc applications.
l Lubrication is required for the efficient use and extended life of discs. In moderate applications, a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide will generally suffice. In severe and corrosive applications, an oil or grease lubricant housed in a chamber may be required.
l Hardened thrust washers will alleviate surface damage/indentation when discs are used in conjunction with soft materials.
FATIGUE LIFE l Fatigue life can be improved by increasing preload and reducing maximum deflection. This will likely require additional discs in series, but will extend life.
l Shot peening induces favorable compressive stresses on the disc surface. This reduces the likelihood of fatigue failure due to tensile stresses which generally start on the surface.
l Presetting is defined as a single or repeated compression of a heat treated disc to the flat condition. The strains induced give rise to plastic deformation, the spring thereby loses height. The remaining free conical height (ho) results from the residual stresses being at an equilibrium of forces and moments. The disc will no longer plastically deform during subsequent loading. This allows for higher load stresses and longer fatigue life.
6
DISC SPRINGS – STACKING
Consideration needs to be given to the friction between the parallel disc surfaces. A reasonable allowance is 2 - 3% of the force for each sliding surface – a greater force for loading and a lesser force for unloading. Discs in parallel should be well lubricated and it is suggested that the number of discs in a parallel set be limited to a maximum of 4 to reduce the deviation from calculated to measured characteristics. Discs in parallel have increased self-dampening (hysteresis) characteristics.
Deflection: Same as single disc
Force: Single disc multiplied by the number of discs
IN PARALLEL IN SERIES
Deflection: Single disc multiplied by the number of discs
Force: Same as single disc
IN COMBINATION
Deflection: Single disc multiplied by the number of discs in series
Force: Single disc multiplied by the number of parallel discs in a set
METHODS OF STACKING
regr
essiv
e
straig
ht lin
e
prog
ress
ive
LOA
D F
DEFLECTION s
STACKING Stacking individual Disc Springs provides the designer with:
• A wide range of possible force/deflection combinations;
• The ability to design application specific load curves – both progressive and regressive; and
• The opportunity to design a range of dampening characteristics into the design.
It is normally desirable to have both ends rest on the larger outer edge of the disc. With an uneven number of pairs in a stack, this is not possible. In this case, the end resting on the outer edge should be arranged to be on the end on which the force is applied – the moving end of the stack.
STACK CONSTRUCTION
RIGHT WRONG
EVEN NUMBER OF DISCS
RIGHT WRONG
ODD NUMBER OF DISCS
7
DISC SPRINGS – STACKING
STACK GUIDANCE Stacks need to be guided to keep the discs in position. The preferred method is internal, such as a rod through the inside diameter. In case of external guidance, a sleeve is suggested. In either case, the guiding component should be case-hardened to a depth of not less than 0.6mm and a hardness of 58 HRC. A surface finish of ≤ 4 microns is also recommended.
De or Di
(mm)
Up to 16Over 16 to 20Over 20 to 26Over 26 to 31.5Over 31.5 to 50Over 50 to 80Over 80 to 140Over 140 to 250
CLEARANCE(mm)
0.20.30.40.50.60.81.01.6
Since the diameter of the discs change when compressed, the following clearance values are recommended:
PROGRESSIVE LOAD CURVES
Progressive loading can be obtained by assembling stacks in which discs will deflect consecutively when loaded. Generally, this is done by 1) stacking single, double and triple parallel sets in series, or 2) stacking discs of various thickness in series. It is, however, necessary to provide a means to limit the compression of the weaker disc to avoid overstressing while the stronger discs are still in process of compression.
DISC STACKS WITH PROGRESSIVE CHARACTERISTIC LOAD CURVES AND STROKE LIMITERS TO AVOID OVERLOAD
SLEEVEANDSTOP
WASHERSAND
RINGS
The stability of a disc with a thickness of 1mm or less can present a problem at the bearing surfaces. In such cases, the use of intermediate flat discs is recommended with outside diameter contact.
RIGHT WRONG
8
DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
DIAMETER TOLERANCE
De TOLERANCE MINUS mm
CONCENTRICITY TOLERANCE 1
3 to 6 0.12 0.12 0.15Over 6 to 10 0.15 0.15 0.18Over 10 to 18 0.18 0.18 0.22Over 18 to 30 0.21 0.21 0.26Over 30 to 50 0.25 0.25 0.32Over 50 to 80 0.30 0.30 0.60Over 80 to 120 0.35 0.35 0.70Over 120 to 180 0.40 0.40 0.80Over 180 to 250 0.46 0.46 0.92
Di TOLERANCE PLUS mm
De or Di RANGEmm
1) In reference to Outside Diameter De
Outside Diameter: De h12Inside Diameter: Di H12
Concentricity: De ≤ 50mm 2 • IT 11 De > 50mm 2 • IT 12
THICKNESS TOLERANCE (t)
From 0.2 to 0.6 0.02 0.06Over 0.6 to under 1.25 0.03 0.09From 1.25 to 3.8 0.04 0.12Over 3.8 to 6 0.05 0.15
TOLERANCE mm
PLUS MINUS
THICKNESS RANGEmm
The static load (F) of a single disc shall be determined for a disc in the loaded state using a suitable lubricant. The pressure plates between which the disc is compressed must be hardened, ground and polished.
The following deviations apply for normal applications:
Less than 1.25
From 1.25 to 3
Over 3 to 6
PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION in load F at s = 0.75 ho
as a percentage
THICKNESS (t)mm
+ 25 % - 7.5 % + 15 % - 7.5 % + 10 % - 5 %
SPRING FORCE TOLERANCE
Less than 1.25 0.10 0.05From 1.25 to 2 0.15 0.08Over 2 to 3 0.20 0.10Over 3 to 6 0.30 0.15
TOLERANCE mm
PLUS MINUS
THICKNESS RANGE (t)mm
FREE OVER-ALL HEIGHT (lo) TOLERANCE
9
DISC SPRINGS TO DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093)
InsideDia.Di
OutsideDia.De
F
Overall Heightlo
Cone Heightho
Thicknesst
I
IIIII
IVOM
Test Heightlt
STANDARD MATERIALS “t ” less than 1.25mm High Carbon Steel
“ t ” 1.25mm and thicker A l loy S tee l
STANDARD FINISHR Phosphate coated, oiled
B
W
TO ORDER: Product / De x Di x t / material code / finish codeEXAMPLE: DSC 25 x 12.2 x 0.7 BR
Refer to page 14 for SPIROL Stainless Steel Disc Springs.
Deflection s in mmForce F in NStress s in N/mm2
Values calculated in accordance with DIN EN 16984 (formerly DIN 2092)
CBA
CBA
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 206 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
FFF F
-1332-1421-1776-1003-1505-1605-1147-1911-1384-1441-1730
-957-1531-1595-1228-1535-1619-1700-1544-1853
126238465
42142269108500232377652
63257418206402424641404699
0.250.200.200.250.250.200.350.350.300.250.250.300.300.250.400.400.400.350.350.35
1057949
1123104413251194951
12901084
9921138980
13031195988
11301291121312491417
93012811717
329865
1218640
1700101912801629
352974
1238786
119310801350
9881313
105186357
39119210
98401192297508
58213329178331350502324547
0.360.450.550.260.360.450.390.590.470.560.660.320.470.560.500.600.600.690.590.69
0.190.150.150.190.190.150.260.260.230.190.190.230.230.190.300.300.300.260.260.26
775666782778971837714948760713813702912858714809923884917
1033
540792
1083127493749324
1057570815
1053133539784411683611856604829
81130246
3492
14783
303140214360
48155236141249263370245403
0.420.500.600.320.420.500.470.670.550.620.720.400.550.620.600.700.700.770.670.77
0.130.100.100.130.130.100.180.180.150.130.130.150.150.130.200.200.200.180.180.18
386350408394482439388506430348394403516418385432493467487545
197365511
6175343
95461260343453
26242328149285251384257369
4469
12821507852
16984
106175
3293
11785
143150201137219
0.490.550.650.390.490.550.560.760.620.690.790.470.620.690.700.800.800.860.760.86
0.060.050.050.060.060.050.090.090.080.060.060.080.080.060.100.100.100.090.090.09
263214249269328268223289275235266260330283238266303266278310
122212299
-6107198
36240151222296
4139212
76158137202132194
31437915354832995572
118226180559196
11680
127
0.510.570.670.410.510.570.600.800.650.710.810.500.650.710.740.840.840.900.800.90
0.040.030.030.040.040.030.050.050.050.040.040.050.050.040.060.060.060.050.050.05
0.830.500.401.250.830.501.170.700.750.500.421.200.750.501.000.800.800.580.700.58
0.250.200.200.250.250.200.350.350.300.250.250.300.300.250.400.400.400.350.350.35
0.550.600.700.450.550.600.650.850.700.750.850.550.700.750.800.900.900.950.850.95
0.30.40.50.20.30.40.30.50.40.50.6
0.250.40.50.40.50.50.60.50.6
3.23.23.24.24.24.23.23.24.24.24.25.25.25.24.24.25.25.26.26.2
888888
1010101010101010121212121212
DINSeries
HV 425 - 510HRC 43 - 50
HV 412 - 544HRC 42 - 52
10
DISC SPRINGS TO DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093)
CBACBA
CBA
CBA
CB
ACBA
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 206 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
FFF F
-1250-1388-1666-1018-1293-1551-1079-1888-1275-1377-1428-1646-1881
-988-1333-1555
-816-1021-1225-1667-1905-1412-1468-1834-1052-1363-1558-1202-1302-1373-1545-1024-1386-1560-1733-1560-1178-1276-1534
160363855131338
1040181969334519733844
1261165503
1319137267462855
1277725984
1921223699
1631453668921
1311268929
132318151976
444855
2509
0.450.350.300.450.400.300.550.550.500.450.400.400.400.500.450.350.600.600.600.700.700.550.500.500.600.500.400.700.650.600.600.650.550.550.550.450.800.650.50
128411051189106111011092
998137011001060100212911423101811151071
791885980
13431454113511101303110611261088110310801048113310671112120613001100122710831071
401913
1419315764
1341411
1483732
1005119511501392
332838
1287247520794
10971419
91411241547
291895
1295560802998
1205309909
109412781301
336768
1316
152291673123279813175793291426578666982155412
1004139245400745
1078594791
1514214572
1254413570751
1051254745
104514181531
425710
1952
0.460.590.770.460.600.870.540.840.620.710.800.800.900.520.710.990.550.650.750.870.970.840.921.120.600.821.100.770.860.951.050.660.941.041.141.210.800.961.37
0.340.260.230.340.300.230.410.410.380.340.300.300.300.380.340.260.450.450.450.530.530.410.380.380.450.380.300.530.490.450.450.490.410.410.410.340.600.490.38
949811814784787743746
1000787766707909997735805771583646708964
1037827777904809792757797785748804786806870934776897782737
142559864109428826149882368591727694856117488846
52234416567779536660939
83509814246436576715102548674800830
98434815
131220457107210547156605229320411474689131309716126206317588822452564
1051186417865342447557765221555765
10261072
370539
1330
0.570.670.850.570.700.950.670.970.750.820.900.901.000.650.821.070.700.800.901.051.150.971.051.250.750.951.200.951.021.101.200.821.071.171.271.321.001.121.50
0.230.180.150.230.200.150.280.280.250.230.200.200.200.250.230.180.300.300.300.350.350.280.250.250.300.250.200.350.330.300.300.330.280.280.280.230.400.330.25
496431452409419411408535439392373479523413411401319350382533571442427493440436394443410398427416428460492388488406398
1238432
-2173418
4370137236328311391
12192398-3061
152215324220306451-14226382
66158244313
-5235298361370-14168399
82123255
67120302103346143174222256367
86169372
85130191362491259320580121242451219258315423140309419553537240302720
0.690.760.920.690.801.020.811.110.870.941.001.001.100.770.941.160.850.951.051.221.321.111.171.370.901.071.301.121.191.251.350.991.211.311.411.441.201.291.62
0.110.090.080.110.100.080.140.140.130.110.100.100.100.130.110.090.150.150.150.180.180.140.130.130.150.130.100.180.160.150.150.160.140.140.140.110.200.160.13
325246287268258261242314278255228293320262267227198217236335358259268309272275240279263245262268251269287251302260249
-14122263-1294
255-15194
70141189178226
-5114215-322378
112179114178268-22129223
2587
136177-15125161197230-2396
239
5772
1624676
19266
21095
116138159226
581122115785
124239320157205367
80156276146172199265
96186249327347160199451
0.730.800.950.730.841.050.871.170.920.981.041.041.140.820.981.200.911.011.111.291.391.171.221.420.961.121.341.191.251.311.411.051.271.371.471.481.281.351.67
0.070.050.050.070.060.050.080.080.080.070.060.060.060.080.070.050.090.090.090.110.110.080.080.080.090.080.060.110.100.090.090.100.080.080.080.070.120.100.08
1.290.700.431.290.800.381.380.791.000.750.570.570.501.250.750.391.501.201.001.000.880.790.630.501.330.710.401.170.930.750.671.300.690.610.550.411.330.810.40
0.450.350.300.450.400.300.550.550.500.450.400.400.400.500.450.350.600.600.600.700.700.550.500.500.600.500.400.700.650.600.600.650.550.550.550.450.800.650.50
0.800.851.000.800.901.100.951.251.001.051.101.101.200.901.051.251.001.101.201.401.501.251.301.501.051.201.401.301.351.401.501.151.351.451.551.551.401.451.75
0.350.50.7
0.350.50.80.40.70.50.60.70.70.80.40.60.90.40.50.60.70.80.70.8
10.45
0.71
0.60.70.80.90.50.80.9
11.10.60.8
1.25
6.26.26.27.27.27.25.25.26.26.26.28.28.28.28.28.26.26.26.26.26.28.28.28.29.29.29.28.28.28.28.2
10.210.210.210.210.211.211.211.2
12.512.512.5
141414151515151515151616161818181818181818181818202020202020202020
22.522.522.5
DINSeries
11
DISC SPRINGS TO DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093)
CBA
CB
ACB
A
CBA
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 206 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
FFF F
-1173-1257-1508-1500-1556-1834-2200-1238-1238-1622-1078-1419-1774-1490-1415-1583-1676-1282-1282-1702-1562-1077-1442-1730-1570-1923-1153-1442-1730-1435-1572-1658-1790-1042-1258-1611-1213-1351-1455
602842
12791273162930005184
63510503821
723148629023511148225903949
859134227853680
72223594077503680541208235940762347370439087498
88420596747198431846096
0.800.750.800.750.700.600.600.900.700.550.951.001.000.700.950.850.751.000.800.850.651.050.900.900.700.751.201.201.201.151.051.050.851.151.000.801.401.301.05
1007988
11641221120413561560126510311085
94711581326
950120412001153130410861369111111321194135411111326101811541290119011861316123810761073112810331038
946
626840
1066947
113314041788
403787
1410528880
13401478
80211781423
422765
11441281
310927
123513101607
563938
1313864
117711361527
318743
1332664981
1392
544717
10781055132523313986
601868
2910661
128923942745126620893065
801110722462854
68719233249390561481110202433631990299731635803
83116995187178026774781
0.900.991.101.091.171.401.650.921.071.641.041.251.501.671.241.461.691.051.201.461.661.061.471.721.922.191.301.551.801.541.761.762.211.191.502.201.601.822.26
0.600.560.600.560.530.450.450.680.530.410.710.750.750.530.710.640.560.750.600.640.490.790.680.680.530.560.900.900.900.860.790.790.640.860.750.601.050.980.79
733722837887849949
1085919730769698837949660878858822950776978783831844950766935742833923865848941870792766785750743669
295466589541655868
1124136440916244459765911432701897154429677809
97530734814
1035250500750472696668964111416837319542865
448565829810964
16302748
515644
2041556
102217991899
99915342185
681832
16491997
5971409231426694292
930158725271555220923304046
71612773576145920403391
1.101.171.301.271.351.551.801.151.251.771.271.501.751.851.471.671.871.301.401.671.821.321.701.952.102.371.601.852.101.822.022.022.421.471.752.401.952.152.52
0.400.380.400.380.350.300.300.450.350.280.480.500.500.350.480.430.380.500.400.430.330.530.450.450.350.380.600.600.600.580.530.530.430.580.500.400.700.650.53
397389449475463497565509400400379451507356472446432515414508397444458512410486403448493464443491444430409409406404346
87178233217291399527
5187433
63165319437158296412
13174283365
-9230334394488
63188313179294280439
2168393
98222389
279336486468552863
1432337376
1058351615
10301030
595835
1163435476898
1018382806
128614292227
587946
1447919
121312802073
461731
1864904
12041784
1.301.361.501.461.521.701.951.371.421.911.511.752.002.021.711.892.061.551.601.891.991.591.922.172.272.561.902.152.402.112.292.292.641.762.002.602.302.472.79
0.200.190.200.190.180.150.150.230.180.140.240.250.250.180.240.210.190.250.200.210.160.260.230.230.180.190.300.300.300.290.260.260.210.290.250.200.350.330.26
245232277282290304344320250232228278312221283282255319254321252282285318255286249276304280279309279261251249251251217
3790
125113167231308-13105242
2384
176259
78173230
-794
165222-19130193235276
2298
17391
170161265-1291
23044
122231
183209311289353532875226243615225398654645374539694287303580649258515812890
1313386610919579781824
1309299464
1139591777
1129
1.381.441.581.541.591.762.011.461.491.971.611.852.102.091.811.972.141.651.681.972.051.692.012.262.342.642.022.272.522.232.392.392.721.882.102.682.442.602.89
0.120.110.120.110.110.090.090.140.110.080.140.150.150.110.140.130.110.150.120.130.100.160.140.140.110.110.180.180.180.170.160.160.130.170.150.120.210.200.16
1.140.940.890.830.700.480.401.290.780.371.191.000.800.470.950.680.501.250.800.680.431.310.720.600.400.381.200.960.800.920.700.700.431.280.800.401.120.870.53
0.800.750.800.750.700.600.600.900.700.550.951.001.000.700.950.850.751.000.800.850.651.050.900.900.700.751.201.201.201.151.051.050.851.151.000.801.401.301.05
1.501.551.701.651.701.852.101.601.602.051.752.002.252.201.952.102.251.801.802.102.151.852.152.402.452.752.202.452.702.402.552.552.852.052.252.802.652.803.05
0.70.80.90.9
11.25
1.50.70.91.50.8
11.25
1.51
1.251.50.8
11.25
1.50.8
1.251.5
1.7521
1.251.5
1.251.51.5
20.9
1.252
1.251.5
2
8.28.28.2
10.210.212.212.212.212.212.210.210.210.210.212.212.212.214.214.214.214.216.316.316.316.316.312.312.312.314.314.316.316.318.318.318.314.314.314.3
232323232323232525252828282828282828282828
31.531.531.531.531.5
34343434343434
35.535.535.5
404040
DINSeries
12
DISC SPRINGS TO DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093)
CB
A
CBA
C
B
ACBA
CB
A
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 206 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
FFF F
-1392-1571-1712-1024-1359-1733-1595-1871-1227-1396-1534-1104-1471-1839-1371-1543-1511-1653-1006-1207-1408-1697-1760-1659-1174-1284-1565-1346-1682-1527-1592-1747-1782-1834-1315-1360-1586-1524-1430
3281658071711072320172588456
1224320074475
1003726006163
120385745
100986329
108171646284458988997
1151915640
27665379
147525636
110089997
15002114331679223528
44638904
1494619545
9360
1.301.101.151.301.151.100.900.951.601.301.001.651.651.651.501.351.601.401.601.601.401.501.401.101.951.601.302.202.201.901.652.001.701.502.351.751.701.402.40
11221090124910671134131411201286125311481059
943111812931048105812201190103511451140135813321141121710901115111912731190111914811358130213491086119310471225
91813591333
309831
129813391573
389898
1296607
1082155710061330
9851324
312528923
115413011428
348765
1281784
123710781334104113161507
400909
11961296
806
27585195564210182616573065449359189136597716232151219658470279025222851015502512476272419063
1204426214438
11441502692558195
118039432
1326918225
42377179
1181015025
8031
1.822.272.291.321.792.272.472.741.652.072.751.912.412.912.372.842.402.851.651.902.352.622.853.271.992.403.322.553.052.973.413.003.423.872.392.943.423.853.10
0.980.830.860.980.860.830.680.711.200.980.751.241.241.241.131.011.201.051.201.201.051.131.050.831.461.200.981.651.651.431.241.501.281.131.761.311.281.051.80
802764890776816920774905914814737687804921745751872838755828810959938787893778775812916847791
1058953905990777838729883
503825819
98480783835
1008134512815297615933578825556806106250537675789897114428795386688616818583793937132535721815422
210236634060
87619664041448165161620270153201897388570373478563739246044132820283491524964378214226533357895409771026081839670889407
12574366552948373
103596297
2.152.552.571.652.072.552.702.972.052.403.002.322.823.322.753.172.803.202.052.302.703.003.203.552.472.803.653.103.603.453.823.503.854.252.973.373.854.203.70
0.650.550.580.650.580.550.450.480.800.650.500.830.830.830.750.680.800.700.800.800.700.750.700.550.980.800.651.101.100.950.831.000.850.751.180.880.850.701.20
436409469428435492412471497440384368426483402396466442410447430515494416485415410440491456412564508478538412446380475
203383368
-3198361401475
4218383
92249406248376228364
274
230297355432
-4173377125276262367236361443
-4229329383153
124020052199
57211172211238533851041154427731161221838491989302822473261
85412421949294034734329146419104203252841513478447040595137667423712957457353993755
2.472.822.861.972.362.822.923.212.452.723.252.743.243.743.123.513.203.552.452.703.053.373.553.822.963.203.973.654.153.924.244.004.274.623.563.814.274.554.30
0.330.280.290.330.290.280.230.240.400.330.250.410.410.410.380.340.400.350.400.400.350.380.350.280.490.400.330.550.550.480.410.500.430.380.590.440.430.350.60
271254281268261305255279307273234231266301249238286270254276264318302256297255253272303282256347313294330250275231293
110223206-15106210238270-13122224
43139235139212125209-1132
128169204257-1794
22258
149146215128208261-19126190224
78
80112571337
383693
138614792010
689985
1695768
143224471268184014272023
565808
1226185921542671
95912132602165026572216281225783213412615571834286033012421
2.602.932.982.102.482.933.013.312.612.853.352.903.403.903.273.653.363.692.612.863.193.523.693.933.163.364.103.874.374.114.404.204.444.773.803.994.444.694.54
0.200.170.170.200.170.170.140.140.240.200.150.250.250.250.230.200.240.210.240.240.210.230.210.170.290.240.200.330.330.290.250.300.260.230.350.260.260.210.36
0.870.550.581.300.770.550.400.381.280.740.401.100.830.660.750.540.800.561.281.070.700.670.560.371.300.800.431.100.880.760.550.800.570.431.310.700.570.400.96
1.301.101.151.301.151.100.900.951.601.301.001.651.651.651.501.351.601.401.601.601.401.501.401.101.951.601.302.202.201.901.652.001.701.502.351.751.701.402.40
2.803.103.152.302.653.103.153.452.853.053.503.153.654.153.503.853.603.902.853.103.403.753.904.103.453.604.304.204.704.404.654.504.705.004.154.254.704.904.90
1.5221
1.52
2.252.5
1.251.75
2.51.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
1.251.5
22.25
2.53
1.5232
2.52.5
32.5
33.51.82.5
33.52.5
16.316.318.320.420.420.420.420.422.422.422.418.418.418.420.420.422.422.425.425.425.425.425.425.428.528.528.520.520.525.525.530.530.530.5
31313131
30.5
404040404040404045454550505050505050505050505050565656606060606060606363636370
DINSeries
13
DISC SPRINGS TO DIN EN 16983 (formerly DIN 2093)
CBACB
ACBA
CB
ACBACBCBCBCBC
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 206 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
FFF F
-1502-1615-1845-1295-1246-1594-1311-1363-1738-1679-1246-1363-1558-1465-1574-1191-1235-1512-1764-1663-1174-1284-1505-1273-1415-1203-1293-1189-1333-1159-1192-1213
141521521830919
54268152
267126950
128442912243952
815717487407862454741201
909115843253384618962711110642151856737163353704118199338432302250260279664493038423
2.102.101.802.602.001.602.952.302.201.703.202.502.003.202.753.502.803.002.802.203.903.202.504.503.504.904.005.604.506.205.107.00
11481310131913421055110913691145131411391286111610881144108812371049125513371139122010901061131911511250110112381110120110361247
109710651486
388744
1332378838
12881460
385882
129510171344
359734944
13011418
352765
1243390925364764350831350674381
114531231623923
51446725
205356611
105392287433682
768414189313542025132328
861313070206743633948022104931775243812154222995017201279202184341051264423753336111
3.523.524.452.653.004.402.993.574.555.423.304.125.504.805.693.574.204.755.706.553.974.806.624.625.875.026.005.707.126.357.277.25
1.581.581.351.951.501.202.211.731.651.282.401.881.502.402.062.632.102.252.101.652.932.401.883.382.633.683.004.203.384.653.835.25
814928921980754772
1003814924786938792757818769902749894942790889778737961816911787904790877742910
640617925125417837118474783924130509814577827116411540789897112428777129537119428111474115368131
83769007
1663444325054
1415757247838
1621322928
658510416216171521923009
74109823
153412581032937
90381334130215132312192414773209821883230431227312855230882
4.054.054.903.303.504.803.724.155.105.854.104.756.005.606.374.454.905.506.407.104.955.607.255.756.756.257.007.108.257.908.559.00
1.051.050.901.301.000.801.481.151.100.851.601.251.001.601.381.751.401.501.401.101.951.601.252.251.752.452.002.802.253.102.553.50
436497482532402402545437486412509424394437405492399476496411485415387524436497419491422476398494
279267430
-5169393
-9198354445
2218382238376
-3167225355424
-4173367
0231
-2173
-6199
-2145
5
471550708757286128947379370744838726
1195642325877
112678714
12386480056248673
1392417061
58567639
159208542
123009543
120141216217270146461661319817
4.574.575.353.954.005.204.464.725.656.274.905.376.506.407.065.325.606.257.107.655.926.407.876.877.627.478.008.509.379.459.82
10.75
0.530.530.450.650.500.400.740.580.550.430.800.630.500.800.690.880.700.750.700.550.980.800.631.130.881.231.001.401.131.551.281.75
270307294330247245335270298253315262240269246306246292303250302255237325268308258304260295246306
158150250-1992
230-22109203263-14122223131214-1791
124204249-1794
215-16130-1694
-18110-1577
-12
2984320953761895183845112440285454077330280037216888553576063191357254828637
1040138934852979756717765633576318058
109479698
1063113104
4.784.785.534.214.205.364.764.955.876.445.225.626.706.727.345.675.886.557.387.876.316.728.127.327.977.968.409.069.82
10.0710.3311.45
0.320.320.270.390.300.240.440.350.330.260.480.380.300.480.410.530.420.450.420.330.590.480.380.680.530.740.600.840.680.930.771.05
0.700.700.451.300.800.401.310.770.550.341.280.710.400.800.551.300.800.750.560.371.300.800.421.290.701.290.801.300.751.290.851.27
2.102.101.802.602.001.602.952.302.201.703.202.502.003.202.753.502.803.002.802.203.903.202.504.503.504.904.005.604.506.205.107.00
5.105.105.804.604.505.605.205.306.206.705.706.007.007.207.756.206.307.007.808.206.907.208.508.008.508.709.009.90
10.5011.0011.1012.50
3342
2.54
2.25345
2.53.5
545
2.73.5
456346
3.55
3.85
4.36
4.86
5.5
30.535.535.5
36363641414141464646414151515151515757576464727282829292
102
70707071717180808080909090
100100100100100100100112112112125125140140160160180180200
DINSeries
14
STANDARD MATERIALD Aus ten i t i c S ta in less S tee lSTANDARD FINISHK Plain
STAINLESS STEEL DISC SPRINGS
ABABABACBACBACBACBACBACBACBCBCBCCCCC
Design Force, Deflection and Stresses Based on E = 190 kN/mm2 and µ = 0.3
De Di t lo ho ho/t s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s lt sII sIII s F s0M
Preload, s = 0.15 ho
Dimensionss = 0.25 ho s = 0.5 ho s = 0.75 ho s = ho
TO ORDER: Product / De x Di x t / material code / finish codeEXAMPLE: DSC 25 x 12.2 x 0.9 DK
FFF F
-1480-1412-1471-1281-1537-1192-1431
-911-1230-1435
-970-1257-1437
-944-1279-1438-1086-1177-1414-1142-1142-1496-1182-1182-1441
-993-1330
-961-1161-944
-1253-1132-928
-1083-1213-1195
248237385335789312959153464
1217206645
1505247857
1823410789
2314586969
3524792
12383394
6662176
8151899
989295318511518255141165004
0.200.300.250.350.300.400.300.500.450.350.600.500.400.650.550.450.800.650.500.900.700.551.000.800.651.050.901.151.001.301.151.601.601.952.352.60
1102120211031019109710161007
9391029
988102010391003
984102610151132999988
1167951
100012031001102510441102992990984
10461156955
112212451238
1124898
1142842
1308705
1237306773
1187269826
1195285839
1200310708
1214372726
1300389706
1182286855293685285767359288321369358
193196304269620258750143380926197528
1157235687
1412392655
1801554801
2684739
10212632
6341774
7671567
939241317441430241839084744
0.450.470.560.590.770.600.870.520.710.990.600.821.100.660.941.210.800.961.370.921.071.641.051.201.661.061.471.191.501.321.791.651.651.992.392.65
0.150.230.190.260.230.300.230.380.340.260.450.380.300.490.410.340.600.490.380.680.530.410.750.600.490.790.680.860.750.980.861.201.201.461.761.95
772841792748750725686678743711746730698725743716827721679847674710876715722767779730707716753843697824913904
691497723516797395762108450780
77469751
94506765
91401751125406845142395746
89488103383
90442123
98105121115
136143218203421194505121285660171384798203512988341498
1227475594
1882628767
1842550
1300660
1177808
181414951225208933804088
0.500.550.620.670.850.700.950.650.821.070.750.951.200.821.071.321.001.121.501.151.251.771.301.401.821.321.701.471.751.652.072.052.052.472.973.30
0.100.150.130.180.150.200.150.250.230.180.300.250.200.330.280.230.400.330.250.450.350.280.500.400.330.530.450.580.500.650.580.800.800.981.181.30
405476386398417387379381379370406403363383395358450374368470369369475382366410422397377395401458378448496491
317223303220399160385
11177367-13209353
-4217342-13155368
5173400
12160336
-9212
2155
-3182
42
-4-3-4
7286
108114235111279
80156344111223416129285495222279664311347976401439939352743425674527
1031961787
135021872639
0.550.620.690.760.920.801.020.770.941.160.901.071.300.991.211.441.201.291.621.371.421.911.551.601.991.591.921.762.001.972.362.452.452.963.563.95
0.050.080.060.090.080.100.080.130.110.090.150.130.100.160.140.110.200.160.130.230.180.140.250.200.160.260.230.290.250.330.290.400.400.490.590.65
247304261227265238241242247209251254222247231231279239230295231214294235232260263240232247241284234274304304
183129196113242
87235
-5105198-20119206-14115212-2188
221-1297
223-787
205-17120-1184
-1498
-12-10-16-18-17
45567467
15070
17754
104195
74144254
88171320147184416209224567265279599238475276428353639635521885
14361748
0.570.650.710.800.950.841.050.820.981.200.961.121.341.051.271.481.281.351.671.461.491.971.651.682.051.692.011.882.102.102.482.612.613.163.804.21
0.030.050.040.050.050.060.050.080.070.050.090.080.060.100.080.070.120.100.080.140.110.080.150.120.100.160.140.170.150.200.170.240.240.290.350.39
0.5000.7500.5000.7000.4290.8000.3751.2500.7500.3891.3330.7140.4001.3000.6880.4091.3330.8130.4001.2860.7780.3671.2500.8000.4331.3130.7201.2780.8001.3000.7671.2801.2801.3001.3061.300
0.200.300.250.350.300.400.300.500.450.350.600.500.400.650.550.450.800.650.500.900.700.551.000.800.651.050.901.151.001.301.151.601.601.952.352.60
0.600.700.750.851.000.901.100.901.051.251.051.201.401.151.351.551.401.451.751.601.602.051.801.802.151.852.152.052.252.302.652.852.853.454.154.60
0.40.40.50.50.70.50.80.40.60.9
0.450.7
10.50.81.10.60.8
1.250.70.91.50.8
11.50.8
1.250.9
1.251
1.51.251.25
1.51.8
2
4.25.25.26.26.27.27.28.28.28.29.29.29.2
10.210.210.211.211.211.212.212.212.214.214.214.216.316.318.318.320.420.422.425.428.5
3136
81010
12.512.5
1414161616181818202020
22.522.522.5
252525282828
31.531.535.535.5
40404550566371
DINSeries
15
Axial preloading of bearings with SPIROL bearing Disc Springs extends the bearing life and eliminates excessive running noise.
One or more Disc Springs can be used. In most cases the outer race of the ball bearing is preloaded with the Disc Spring. In some cases it is desirable to preload the inner race. Accordingly, Disc Springs designed for the outer race of one bearing will also fit the inner race of another bearing.
The recommended preload is achieved when the disc is deflected to 75% of the free cone heights (ho). The ho/t ratio is designed so that the spring load remains nearly constant for a large deflection range. Tolerance build up and variations resulting from expansion can be accommodated without a significant change in preload.
BALL BEARING DISC SPRINGS
De
Di
lotho
TO ORDER: Product / De x Di x t / material code / finish codeEXAMPLE: BRG 41.6 x 25.5 x 0.5 BR
9.812.815.818.818.821.823.725.727.729.731.734.634.636.639.641.646.551.554.561.567.571.571.574.579.579.584.589.589.594.59999
109109114119119124
0.40.5
0.550.650.7
0.750.90.91
1.11.11.11.21.31.31.41.51.51.51.81.72.12.11.92.32.32.52.52.52.22.62.62.72.7
2.452.82.83
634635
627
629
62006201
6202
6203
62046205
6206
6207
62086209
6210
6211
6212
62136214
0.20.250.3
0.350.350.40.50.50.60.70.70.70.70.80.80.90.90.90.91.11
1.41.41.11.51.51.61.61.61.21.61.6
1.451.451.2
1.551.551.75
0.150.1880.2250.2630.263
0.30.3750.3750.450.5250.5250.5250.525
0.60.6
0.6750.6750.6750.6750.8250.751.051.050.8251.1251.125
1.21.21.20.91.21.2
1.0881.088
0.91.1631.1631.313
23.229.323
31.350.746.380.663.580
82.881
61.4118.4110.2109.9113.3153.5135.5141.3175.6161.3184.9218.3211.3227.5263.4358.7287.8335.3324.7292.3332.3357.1397.9398.2319.9392.6444.8
6.27.28.29.2
10.212.314.314.317.317.420.420.422.420.425.525.530.535.540.540.550.545.550.555.550.555.560.560.565.575.565.570.570.575.590.575.585.590.5
EL3EL4EL5EL6EL7EL8EL9
6300
6301
630263036304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
0.20.250.250.3
0.350.350.40.40.40.40.40.40.50.50.50.50.60.60.60.70.70.70.70.80.80.80.90.90.9111
1.251.251.251.251.251.25
623624625626607608609600
6001
6002
6003
60046005
600660076008
6009
6010
60116012
6013
60146015
6016
De Di t lo ho s,mm F (N)
Ball Bearing Size
Dimensions s = 0.75 ho
Predictable preloading of bearings results in quiet running and long life. Disc Springs may also be used to preload seals, packings, clutches and other machine elements.
De
Di
Note: All Ball Bearing Disc Springs are made to order.
STANDARD MATERIALS “ t ” less than 1.25mm High Carbon Stee l
“ t ” 1.25mm and thicker A l loy S tee l
Austempered to HRC 42 - 52 / HV 412 - 544
STANDARD FINISHR Phosphate coated, oiled
B
W
16
DISC SPRING APPLICATIONS
Mechanical Braking System
Application:
Braking systems for off-highway equipment are commonly designed to be hydraulically actuated. In most cases, braking occurs when pressurized fluid compresses stationary friction discs against plates that rotate with the drive shaft. The amount of friction between each set of plates controls the deceleration of the vehicle. Without an additional fail safe system, this design alone has limited reliability. If a hydraulic seal is compromised, or the hydraulic cylinder loses pressure for any reason, the brakes fail.
Solution:
The mechanical back-up design uses SPIROL® Disc Springs. Under normal circumstances, the hydraulic system holds a constant pressure on Disc Springs stacked in series. If pressure fails to be maintained, the stack of Disc Springs decompresses to actuate the braking mechanism. A compression spring or wave spring is not capable of providing the force required (in the space available) to actuate the brakes. The reliability of this safety system is dependent on the consistent performance of Disc Springs. In this critical application, the Disc Spring’s performance and level of predictability improves product quality and ensures overall safety.
SPIROL® Disc Springs have a consistently high capacity to store potential mechanical energy. The conical design of SPIROL® Disc Springs makes their spring characteristics and performance more predictable than traditional compression springs. Disc Springs are also capable of providing more force in less space than a compression spring or wave spring. They are commonly stacked in multiples to achieve application specific spring rates: a stack in series provides less force over more travel; a stack in parallel provides more force over less travel. The precise tolerances of each individual Disc Spring provides unparalleled performance predictability when they are stacked (either in series or in parallel).
SPIROL® Disc Springs also allow fatigue endurance to be predicted. Stress analysis enables the minimum cycle life of Disc Springs (singularly or stacked) to be calculated as a part of the application’s design.
Application:
As mandated by the ASME code for pressure piping, proper design and installation is critical for the performance and safety of piping systems. Industrial pipe systems are primarily supported by rod hangers, base line or base elbow supports. While these static supports are used to carry weight, dynamic supports are necessary to control loads on the pipe system.
Solution:
For example, in heat exchanger applications, SPIROL® Disc Springs are used to accept thermal dynamics. As the temperature of the fluid within the pipe changes, the pipe will expand (when hot) and contract (when cold) accordingly. SPIROL® Disc Springs support the system by maintaining a constant pressure at any temperature. This consistency is transmitted to the pipe joint and is essential for maintaining a proper seal. A well sealed gasket prevents fluids from escaping and reduces costly maintenance.
SPIROL® Disc Springs offer an advantage to coil springs by providing an equivalent displacement in a fraction of the space. In many instances, such as under a heat exchangers bottom flange, this space savings is required. SPIROL® Disc Springs are the solution to providing a robust, maintenance free support system for industrial pipe systems.
DISC SPRING APPLICATIONS
Pipe Supports for Industrial Pipe Systems
A coil spring cannot provide the proper support given the limited space in this example. Only a Disc Spring stack is able to package the required load and travel in the restricted space.
Disc Spring Coil Spring
Application:
Pick-off spindles in CNC screw machines are designed to hold a part as it is cut to length and then finished. The spindle uses a collet to release the part when it is complete and then clinch a new part.
When the machine is setup, the clamping force required to hold each part in the collet must be precisely calibrated to prevent the finished product from slipping (if the force is too low) or being crushed (if the force is too high). This calibration is dependent on the geometry and material of the final product. After calibration, the quality of the finished product relies on a consistent clamping force for thousands of cycles at a time.
Solution:
This high degree of reliability is provided by SPIROL® Disc Springs. When the collet is opened, 16 SPIROL® Disc Springs stacked in series are compressed by a hydraulic cylinder. Each time the force from the cylinder is released, SPIROL® Disc Springs provide a consistent force to close the collet on the part.
Left: Disc Springs are compressed, collet is open.
Right: Disc Springs are uncompressed, collet is closed, work
piece is clinched.
Pick-Off Unit for CNC Machines
SPIROL Application Engineers will review your application needs and work with you to recommend the optimum solution. One way to start the process is to visit our Optimal Application Engineering portal at SPIROL.com.
© 2018 SPIROL International Corporation 09/18
SPIROL International Corporation30 Rock AvenueDanielson, Connecticut 06239 U.S.A.Tel. +1 860 774 8571Fax. +1 860 774 2048
SPIROL Shim Division321 Remington RoadStow, Ohio 44224 U.S.A.Tel. +1 330 920 3655Fax. +1 330 920 3659
SPIROL Canada3103 St. Etienne BoulevardWindsor, Ontario N8W 5B1 CanadaTel. +1 519 974 3334Fax. +1 519 974 6550
SPIROL MexicoAvenida Avante #250Parque Industrial Avante ApodacaApodaca, N.L. 66607 MexicoTel. +52 81 8385 4390Fax. +52 81 8385 4391
SPIROL BrazilRua Mafalda Barnabé Soliane, 134Comercial Vitória Martini, Distrito IndustrialCEP 13347-610, Indaiatuba, SP, BrazilTel. +55 19 3936 2701Fax. +55 19 3936 7121
SPIROL FranceCité de l’Automobile ZAC Croix Blandin 18 Rue Léna Bernstein 51100 Reims, FranceTel. +33 3 26 36 31 42 Fax. +33 3 26 09 19 76
SPIROL United Kingdom17 Princewood RoadCorby, NorthantsNN17 4ET United KingdomTel. +44 1536 444800Fax. +44 1536 203415
SPIROL GermanyOttostr. 480333 Munich, GermanyTel. +49 89 4 111 905 71Fax. +49 89 4 111 905 72
SPIROL Spain08940 Cornellà de LlobregatBarcelona, SpainTel. +34 93 193 05 32Fax. +34 93 193 25 43
SPIROL Czech Republic Sokola Tůmy 743/16Ostrava-Mariánské Hory 70900 Czech RepublicTel/Fax. +420 417 537 979
SPIROL Polandul. Solec 38 lok. 10 00-394, Warszawa, Poland Tel. +48 510 039 345
SPIROL Asia Headquarters1st Floor, Building 22, Plot D9, District D No. 122 HeDan Road Wai Gao Qiao Free Trade Zone Shanghai, China 200131Tel. +86 21 5046 1451Fax. +86 21 5046 1540
SPIROL Korea160-5 Seokchon-DongSongpa-gu, Seoul, 138-844, Korea Tel. +86 (0) 21 5046-1451 Fax. +86 (0) 21 5046-1540
Europe
Americas
AsiaPacific
Technical Centers
Please refer to www.SPIROL.com for current specifications and standard product offerings.
e-mail:
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Innovative fastening solutions.Lower assembly costs.
